CN108541495B - Coastal saline-alkali soil cultivation layer under-layer salt-resistant mulching film laying machine and application method thereof - Google Patents
Coastal saline-alkali soil cultivation layer under-layer salt-resistant mulching film laying machine and application method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN108541495B CN108541495B CN201810694354.9A CN201810694354A CN108541495B CN 108541495 B CN108541495 B CN 108541495B CN 201810694354 A CN201810694354 A CN 201810694354A CN 108541495 B CN108541495 B CN 108541495B
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- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 90
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 title claims abstract description 60
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 17
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 title abstract description 19
- 230000007480 spreading Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 50
- 238000003892 spreading Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 50
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims abstract 2
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 claims description 31
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims description 20
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000003331 infrared imaging Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000002985 plastic film Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229920006255 plastic film Polymers 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 27
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000002362 mulch Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002386 leaching Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007792 addition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003384 imaging method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002401 inhibitory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011229 interlayer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- -1 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000638 solvent extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G13/00—Protecting plants
- A01G13/02—Protective coverings for plants; Coverings for the ground; Devices for laying-out or removing coverings
- A01G13/0256—Ground coverings
- A01G13/0287—Devices for laying-out or removing ground coverings
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B49/00—Combined machines
- A01B49/02—Combined machines with two or more soil-working tools of different kind
- A01B49/027—Combined machines with two or more soil-working tools of different kind with a rotating, soil working support element, e.g. a roller
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B49/00—Combined machines
- A01B49/04—Combinations of soil-working tools with non-soil-working tools, e.g. planting tools
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
- Y02A40/28—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture specially adapted for farming
Abstract
The utility model relates to a salt-resistant mulching film laying machine under a plough layer of coastal saline-alkali soil and a use method thereof, the salt-resistant mulching film laying machine comprises a frame, a film laying device is arranged below the frame, the film laying device comprises a soil lifting inclined plane, two sides of the top edge of the soil lifting inclined plane are respectively fixed with the frame through upright posts, a film laying bottom plate extends backwards along the horizontal direction, a film laying shielding plate capable of wrapping the rear edge of the film laying bottom plate is rotationally connected to the top edge of the soil lifting inclined plane, two sides of the film laying bottom plate are respectively extended upwards to form a supporting plate of a film laying cavity by enclosing the soil lifting inclined plane, the film laying bottom plate and the film laying shielding plate, a film laying roller, a film pressing roller and a film spreading roller are sequentially rotationally connected between the supporting plates from front to back in the film laying cavity, the film pressing roller is driven by a driving device electrically connected with a controller, and two ends of the film pressing roller are respectively connected with two ends of the film spreading roller through a belt transmission. The utility model realizes the integrated operations of soil loosening, soil crushing, film laying and raking, can adjust the film laying depth and the inclination angle according to the actual planning requirement, and is easy to popularize.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to the technical field of agricultural machinery, in particular to a coastal saline-alkali soil cultivation layer under-layer salt-resistance mulching film laying machine and a use method thereof.
Background
The coastal saline-alkali soil in China has large area, severe salinization and wide distribution, is an important backup land resource, and has important practical significance and practical value for solving the contradiction between people and land in China and promoting regional economic development.
The patent application of 201610656187.X discloses a saline-alkali soil partition film-laying machine and a using method thereof, and the patent application of 201620866499.9 discloses a saline-alkali soil partition film-laying machine, wherein the device of the two patents comprises two film-laying groups for partitioning soil, the soil is divided into three layers, the upper layer is an improved planting layer, the middle layer is an interlayer, the lower layer is a partitioned layer, and the film-laying depth is determined according to planned planting crops; however, the device overcomes resistance in soil layers at the lower part of the soil body, and the saline-alkali soil has complex soil layers, serious hardening, extremely large resistance, can not ensure normal cutting of the soil layers and has small application range; the depth is manually detached, installed and adjusted by the adjusting holes, and the automatic adjustment of the depth and the inclination angle cannot be realized; the mulch film is output by a double-roller film paving group, and the mulch film can not be ensured to be normally flattened and output and paved when being output; in the operation step, the excavator is used for digging a trench on the ground to enter the soil, and the deep scarification soil breaking, film spreading and raking integrated automatic completion cannot be realized.
Therefore, a simple and easy-to-implement, accurate-control, film-laying monitoring, cost-saving, efficient and integrated and light-simplified coastal saline-alkali soil cultivation layer under-salt-resistance mulching film laying machine and a using method thereof are needed.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the utility model provides a coastal saline-alkali soil cultivation layer under-layer salt-resistant mulching film laying machine and a use method thereof, which realize the integrated operation of soil loosening, soil breaking, film laying and raking, can adjust the film laying depth and the inclination angle according to the actual planning requirements, and achieve the purposes of reconstructing and remolding the salt-resistant soil body, blocking salt sources and inhibiting salt returning.
The utility model is realized by the following technical scheme:
the utility model provides a coastal saline and alkaline land is ploughed layer and is hindered salt plastic film paving machine, which comprises a frame, the frame below be equipped with shop's membrane device, shop's membrane device include the play soil inclined plane, the topside both sides on play soil inclined plane fixed with the frame through stand and stand respectively, the base on play soil inclined plane extends backward along the horizontal direction has shop's membrane bottom plate, and rotate on the topside on play soil inclined plane and be connected with the shop's membrane sunshade that can wrap up shop's membrane bottom plate trailing edge, shop's membrane bottom plate both sides upwards extend respectively and enclose the backup pad that becomes shop's membrane chamber with play soil inclined plane, shop's membrane bottom plate and shop's membrane sunshade, the backup pad between by preceding to back rotation in proper order be connected with the film roller, the film roller of pressing be driven by the drive arrangement who is connected with the controller electricity, and the both ends of film roller of pressing and the both ends of exhibition membrane roller are connected through belt drive respectively.
The salt-resistant mulching film roll is arranged on the film installation roller, the movable end of the salt-resistant mulching film passes through the film pressing roller and the film spreading roller, and is driven by the driving device, the salt-resistant mulching film is output from the film spreading cavity by utilizing the movement of the film pressing roller and the film spreading roller, and the soil lifting inclined plane can lift soil to facilitate film spreading and soil covering.
Further, a shielding plate regulation hydraulic rod is arranged between the film-laying shielding plate and the bottom plate, a limit switch which is electrically connected with the shielding plate regulation hydraulic rod and used for limiting when the film-laying shielding plate is closed is arranged on the inner side of the supporting plate, and the shielding plate regulation hydraulic rod and the limit switch are respectively electrically connected with the controller.
The membrane laying shielding plate is rotationally connected with the membrane laying bottom plate through the shielding plate regulating and controlling hydraulic rod, and through the limit switch, the movement of the shielding plate regulating and controlling hydraulic rod can be stopped in time when the membrane laying shielding plate is buckled with the membrane laying bottom plate, so that the connection stability is ensured, the position of the membrane laying shielding plate is fixed according to the requirement, and the normal output, cutting off and sealing of the salt-blocking mulching film are ensured.
Furthermore, the bottom surface of the film paving shielding plate is provided with a mulching film dosage photoelectric sensor and an infrared imaging monitor which are electrically connected with the controller in the film paving cavity.
Through setting up the plastic film quantity photoelectric sensor and the infrared imaging monitor of being connected with the controller, can observe the quantity and the output condition of spreading the intracavity plastic film, in time change and adjust the plastic film.
Further, a film cutter is arranged along the length direction of the opposite edge of one side of the film spreading shielding plate, which is contacted with the film spreading bottom plate.
Through spreading membrane shutter and spreading membrane bottom plate lock, can utilize the cutting film sword on one side of spreading membrane shutter to cut off the salt resistant plastic film, be convenient for carry out next step operation.
Further, the upper end of stand with rotate the rear cross beam that sets up in the frame fixed, the rear cross beam on be connected with the hydraulic pusher in the preceding frame of rear cross beam through the connecting rod, and the rear cross beam extends backward along the frame direction and installs the support frame of laser guidance appearance and GPS locater, laser guidance appearance, GPS locater and hydraulic pusher be connected with the controller electricity respectively, the support frame end be connected with a plurality of disc harrows that are located same axis through the loose axle.
Through fixing the support frame on the rear cross beam that rotates with the frame to be connected, can promote the at least disc harrow of connecting rod control support frame and stand and connect spread membrane device and carry out the displacement through hydraulic pusher, when not needing to use, will spread membrane device and disc harrow rotatory to the frame tail end.
Further, still including being located the frame forefront and with drawing mechanical connection drag the device that carries, drag the device including running through the frame around and through the center pivot of bearing rotation setting in the middle part of the frame, the front end of center pivot be fixed with both sides and set up and drag the fixed cross beam of carrying the frame, fixed cross beam up end both sides be fixed with vertical pole setting respectively, vertical pole setting tip backward tilt extend have the regulating arm, tip and the frame of regulating arm between adjust hydraulic stem fixed through the inclination that is connected with the controller electricity respectively.
The traction machine is connected with the traction device, power can be provided, and the fixed cross beam is provided with an adjusting arm connected with the dip angle adjusting hydraulic rod, so that the angle between the frame and the traction machine is adjusted, and the operation is convenient.
Further, still including setting up in the frame below and being located the deep scarification device of spreading the membrane device and dragging between the device, deep scarification device including fixing around under the installation crossbeam parallel and the crisscross front row deep scarification shovel and back row deep scarification shovel, still including fixing around between frame below and back row deep scarification shovel and the soil inclined plane the hacking roller and the depth limiting wheel of mounting bracket installation that loop through in proper order, installation crossbeam and mounting bracket fixed with the frame respectively, hack roller's height, breadth and back row deep scarification shovel the same.
The soil is subsoiled through the front row subsoiler and the back row subsoiler that set up from front to back, and two rows of subsoilers crisscross setting are ground broken comprehensively to the soil of place ahead, and the subsoiling device is fixed with the frame, can realize adjusting the angle and the subsoiling degree of subsoiling device through adjusting inclination regulation and control hydraulic stem, drag carrier, cantilever beam and depth limiting wheel.
The soil crushing roller is matched with the rear row subsoiler in height and breadth to crush massive soil generated by subsoiling, and the depth limiting wheel is used for controlling the subsoiling depth.
Further, the upper surface of the front end of the frame is fixedly provided with an upward large tripod, the upper surface of the rear end of the frame is fixedly provided with an upward small tripod, the large tripod and the small tripod are connected through a supporting rod between the top ends, and the top end of the large tripod is also connected with a suspension rod in a shaft mode.
The suspension rod is a hydraulic suspension rod, the suspension rod is arranged to fix the frame, the frame and the central support shaft are fixed together with the dragging frame in three points, the whole machine can be adjusted to be lifted off the ground when not in operation, and the front and back level of the machine and the soil entering depth of the machine are accurately adjusted.
Further, an Mogun pass and hinder salt plastic film axis and its both ends be fixed with respectively about the first bearing and the second bearing that film roller length midpoint symmetry set up, film roller's both ends pass through the recess contact connection of first bearing and the backup pad of spreading the membrane bottom plate both sides, the film bottom plate of spreading on correspond the second bearing position and install two perpendicular to film bottom plate respectively upwards and with the auto-lock track hydraulic stem that the controller electricity is connected, auto-lock track hydraulic stem and auto-lock track hydraulic stem upper end are fixed with the auto-lock switch, the auto-lock switch includes curved expansion end and the stiff end of holding the second bearing with the cooperation of arc expansion end.
The controller controls the extension self-locking track hydraulic rod, the self-locking track hydraulic rod drives the whole film installation roller of the second bearing at the inner side of the film installation roller end part locked by the self-locking switch, the first bearing at the outer side of the film installation roller end part is lifted out of the groove of the film installation roller, the self-locking track hydraulic rod stops when lifted to the end of the length, meanwhile, the movable end and the fixed end of the self-locking switch are separated, the second bearing at the inner side of the unlocking film installation roller end part is opened, so that personnel can conveniently replace the film by binding salt, after the replacement is finished, the controller controls the retraction of the self-locking track hydraulic rod, the self-locking switch is automatically closed and locked in the second bearing at the inner side of the film installation roller end part in the dragging process, the first bearing at the outer side of the self-locking track hydraulic rod end part is retracted into the groove of the self-locking track hydraulic rod, and the controller controls the stop. The application method of the coastal saline-alkali soil cultivation layer under-layer salt-resistant mulching film laying machine comprises the following steps:
p1, mounting a bundle of salt-resistant mulching films on a film installation roller, enabling movable ends of the salt-resistant mulching films to pass through the film pressing roller and the film spreading roller, and connecting a frame with a traction machine through a traction device;
p2, inputting a laying plan for setting the film laying depth and the inclination angle into a controller, controlling an inclination angle adjusting hydraulic rod and a hydraulic pusher to respectively perform angle adjustment on the subsoiler and the soil lifting inclined plane through the controller, and performing guiding and positioning through a laser guidance instrument and a GPS positioning instrument;
p3, controlling the hydraulic pusher to lift the film paving device and the disc harrow at the rear, subsoiling the film paving device by a subsoiling shovel for 5-10 m at the head of the strip field according to the paving planning depth, backing the film paving device to the head of the strip field, fixing the film paving shielding plate on the shielding plate hydraulic limit switch through the film paving shielding plate hydraulic rod, gradually putting down the film paving device to the planning depth soil layer through controlling the hydraulic pusher in the forward direction, starting the driving device to rotate the film pressing roller and driving the film spreading roller to convey and guide out the salt-resistant mulching film;
p4, automatically adjusting deep loosening of a film paving machine and the soil penetration depth and the inclination angle of a film according to a paving plan by a positioning guidance system consisting of a laser guidance instrument and a GPS positioning instrument in the paving process; monitoring the usage amount and rotation conveying and guiding-out conditions of the salt-resistant mulching film by using a photoelectric sensor for the usage amount of the mulching film and an infrared imaging monitor for the mulching film conveying, and raking up surface soil by using a disc rake;
p5, closing the driving device at a position 5-10 m away from the other land of the strip field, stopping rotating the film pressing roller and the film spreading roller, stopping conveying the salt-resistant mulching film, closing the film spreading shielding plate by the shielding plate hydraulic limit switch and the shielding plate hydraulic rod, cutting the salt-resistant mulching film by the film cutting knife, wrapping the rear edge of the film spreading bottom plate, gradually advancing, and lifting the soil discharging surface of the film spreading device by the dragging device;
and P6, repeating the steps P3, P4 and P5 according to the laying plan until the whole strip field is laid.
Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the beneficial effects that:
1. according to the utility model, the salt-resistant mulching film is paved in a certain depth inside the coastal saline-alkali soil layer, the paving depth and the inclination angle are automatically adjustable, the salt source of underground water can be suppressed, the deep loosening, water penetration, salt leaching and salt reduction of the soil on the film are facilitated, the structure of the salt-resistant soil body is reconstructed and remolded, and the soil on the film is deeply loosened, activated and cultivated.
2. The utility model integrates deep scarification, soil crushing, film laying and raking functions, effectively solves the problems of mixing of the clay and sandy soil layers of the coastal saline-alkali soil, complex soil structure, large soil lifting resistance, difficult salt leaching and salt reduction and the like, ensures the salt-resistant mulching film laying effect by guidance, positioning, accurate regulation and control, and output monitoring and control of the mulching film dosage, and is light, simple, fast and finished at one time.
3. The method has the characteristics of simple and convenient operation, high efficiency, practicability and easy popularization and construction, can improve the saline-alkali soil efficiently by large-area popularization and application in the coastal saline-alkali soil area, obtain large-area agricultural land, effectively solve the contradiction between people and land, ensure the grain safety, promote the agricultural development in the coastal saline-alkali soil area, and obtain remarkable economic, ecological and social benefits.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present utility model;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the film laying device of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the film-mounting roller of FIG. 1;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the placement of the film-mounting roller of the present utility model shown in FIG. 1;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the GPS locator of the present utility model shown in FIG. 1;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the self-locking switch of FIG. 1 according to the present utility model;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the film cutter of FIG. 1;
FIG. 8 is a schematic view of the membrane cutting blade of FIG. 1;
FIG. 9 is a top view of FIG. 1;
FIG. 10 is a left side view of FIG. 1;
FIG. 11 is a schematic view of an initial state of a film laying device of the present utility model;
FIG. 12 is a schematic view of the working state of the film laying device of the present utility model;
FIG. 13 is a schematic view of the subsoiler of FIG. 1 in a non-tilt angle condition;
fig. 14 is a schematic view showing the subsoiler of fig. 1 in a state of having an inclination angle.
The figure shows:
1. the device comprises a towing carrier, 2, a vertical upright post, 3, a central fulcrum, 4, a large tripod, 5, a frame, 6, a subsoiler, 7, a soil crushing roller, 8, a depth-limiting wheel, 9, a blade part, 10, a soil lifting inclined plane, 11, a film laying bottom plate, 12, a film laying shielding plate, 13, an upright post, 14, a rear cross beam, 15, a disc harrow, 16, a supporting frame, 17, a GPS positioning instrument, 18, a laser guidance instrument, 19, a connecting rod, 20, a small tripod, 21, a hydraulic pusher, 22, a supporting rod, 23, an inclination angle adjusting hydraulic rod, 24, an adjusting arm, 25, a cantilever rod, 26, a photoelectric sensor, 27, a salt blocking mulch film, 28, a shielding plate adjusting hydraulic rod, 29, a film pressing roller, 30, a belt, 31, a limit switch, 32, a supporting plate, 33, a film spreading roller, 34, an infrared imaging monitor, 35, a film cutting knife, 36, a limit anchor, 37, a film setting roller, 38, a second bearing, 39, a self-locking track hydraulic rod, 40, a self-locking switch, 41, a hydraulic motor, 42, a movable lock catch, 43, a movable switch fixed end and a self-locking switch end.
Detailed Description
In order to clearly illustrate the technical characteristics of the scheme, the scheme is explained below through a specific embodiment.
The utility model relates to a saline-alkali soil plough layer lower salt-resistant mulching film laying machine, which comprises a frame 5, a film laying device is arranged below the frame 5, the film laying device comprises a soil lifting inclined plane 10, the soil lifting inclined plane 10 comprises a front end blade part 9 and an inclined plane backwards from the blade part 9, two sides of the top edge of the soil lifting inclined plane 10 are respectively fixed with the frame 5 through upright posts 13, a film laying bottom plate 11 is extended backwards along the horizontal direction from the bottom edge of the soil lifting inclined plane 10, a film laying shielding plate 12 capable of wrapping the rear edge of the film laying bottom plate 11 is rotatably connected to the top edge of the soil lifting inclined plane 10, two sides of the film laying bottom plate 11 are respectively extended upwards to form a supporting plate 32 of a film laying cavity by encircling the soil lifting inclined plane 10, the film laying bottom plate 11 and the film laying shielding plate 12, as an implementation mode of the utility model, the film laying cavity is in a triangular prism shape, a film mounting roller 37, a film pressing roller 29 and a film spreading roller 33 are sequentially rotatably connected between the supporting plates 32 in the film laying cavity from front to back, the film pressing roller 29 is electrically connected with a driving device which is electrically connected with a controller, the film pressing roller 29 is correspondingly driven by a driving motor 29, and the two ends of the driving roller 29 are respectively connected with a hydraulic motor 41 through a driving device which is in a hydraulic pressure control mode 41.
The salt-resistant mulching film 27 is a bundle of geomembrane or thick-layer saline-alkali-resistant polyethylene mulching film coiled materials, the An Mo rollers 37 penetrate through a central shaft of the salt-resistant mulching film 27 coiled materials, a first bearing and a second bearing 38 which are symmetrically arranged on the middle point of the length of the film installing roller 37 are respectively fixed at two ends of the salt-resistant mulching film coiled materials, two ends of the An Mo roller 37 are in contact connection with grooves of supporting plates on two sides of the film paving base plate 11 through the first bearing, two self-locking track hydraulic rods 39 which are perpendicular to the upward direction of the film paving base plate 11 and are electrically connected with a controller are respectively arranged on the position of the film paving base plate 11 corresponding to the second bearing 38, a self-locking switch 40 is fixed at the upper end of the self-locking track hydraulic rod 39, and the self-locking switch 40 comprises an arc-shaped self-locking switch movable end 43 and a self-locking switch fixed end 44 which is matched with the self-locking switch movable end 43 to hold the second bearing 38 tightly.
The controller controls the extension self-locking track hydraulic rod 39, the self-locking track hydraulic rod 39 drives the inner side second bearing 38 at the end part of the film installation roller 37 locked by the self-locking switch 40 to lift the whole An Mo roller 37, the outer side first bearing at the end part of the film installation roller 37 is lifted out of the groove of the film installation roller, the self-locking track hydraulic rod 39 stops when lifted to the end of the length, meanwhile, the self-locking switch movable end 43 of the self-locking switch 40 is separated from the self-locking switch fixed end 44, the inner side second bearing 38 at the end part of the unlocking An Mo roller 37 is opened so as to facilitate personnel to replace the film 27 with binding salt, after replacement, the controller controls the retraction of the self-locking track hydraulic rod 39, the self-locking switch 40 is automatically closed and locks the inner side second bearing 38 at the end part of the film installation roller 37 in the dragging process, and the outer side first bearing at the end part of the self-locking track hydraulic rod 39 is retracted into the groove of the film installation roller. The grooves are arc grooves and are positioned in the supporting plates on two sides of the film laying bottom plate 11, the first bearings at two ends of the An Mo roller 37 are respectively arranged in the arc grooves, and the film laying roller 37 and the salt-resistant mulching film 27 can be taken out of the grooves through up-and-down movement of the self-locking track hydraulic rod 39, so that the film laying coiled material can be replaced conveniently.
The self-locking rail hydraulic lever 39 and the self-locking switch 40 function to lift, drag and fix the film-mounting roller 37. Because the internal space of the film laying device is narrow, the film laying roller 37 is pushed out by the self-locking track hydraulic rod 39 to be replaced more conveniently, and then the film laying device is pulled back by the self-locking track hydraulic rod 39, so that the film laying device can prevent the collision and damage between the outer first bearing and the groove more than the film laying device can be replaced directly in situ.
Two ends of the salt-resistant mulching film 27 are provided with two limiting hoop 36 baffles, two ends of a film pressing roller 29 are positioned on two sides of a film laying bottom plate 11 and are connected with liquid motors 41 in a shaft mode, the two hydraulic motors 41 are respectively positioned on the inner sides of supporting plates 32 on two sides of the film laying device, the film pressing roller 29 is connected with a film spreading roller 33 through a belt 30, the left and right of the film spreading roller 33 are respectively positioned on two sides of the rear portion of the film laying bottom plate 11, the output edge of the salt-resistant mulching film 27 is pressed, and the salt-resistant mulching film 27 is conveyed by the belt 30 and the film pressing roller 29 in a synchronous rotation mode.
The membrane laying curtain board 12 and the membrane laying bottom board 11 between install the curtain board and regulate and control the hydraulic stem 28, the curtain board regulates and control the hydraulic stem 28 and is located the both sides of membrane laying bottom board 11 respectively, backup pad 32 inboard install and be connected with the curtain board regulates and control the hydraulic stem 28 electricity and be used for the spacing limit switch 31 when the membrane laying curtain board 12 closes, curtain board regulate and control the hydraulic stem 28 and limit switch 31 be connected with the controller electricity respectively. The opposite edge of the side of the film spreading shielding plate 12 contacted with the film spreading bottom plate 11 is provided with a film cutting knife 35 along the length direction. The film cutter 35 has a row of toothed blade portions obliquely downward.
The limiting switch 31 and the shielding plate regulating hydraulic rod 28 are used for closing the film laying shielding plate 12, and the film cutting knife 35 is used for cutting off the salt-blocking mulching film 27 and wrapping the rear edge of the film laying bottom plate 11. The bottom surface of the film spreading shielding plate 12 is provided with a film dosage photoelectric sensor 26 and an infrared imaging monitor 34 which are electrically connected with a controller in the film spreading cavity and used for observing the dosage of the salt-resistant film 27 in the film spreading cavity. The photoelectric sensor 26 for mulching film is located on the bottom surface of the front end of the mulching film paving shielding plate 12, and the infrared imaging monitor 34 for mulching film conveying is provided with three sensors which are respectively located at two ends and the middle of the bottom surface of the inner side of the mulching film paving shielding plate 12, and are electrically connected with a controller and connected with cab imaging equipment of a traction machine.
The upper end of the upright post 13 is fixed with a rear cross beam 14 which is rotatably arranged on the frame 5, the rear cross beam 14 is connected with a hydraulic pusher 21 on the frame 5 in front of the rear cross beam 14 through a connecting rod 19, the rear cross beam 14 is provided with a support frame 16 of a laser guidance instrument 18 and a GPS positioning instrument 17 in a backward extending mode along the direction of the frame 5, the laser guidance instrument 18, the GPS positioning instrument 17 and the hydraulic pusher 21 are respectively and electrically connected with a controller, and the tail end of the support frame 16 is connected with a plurality of disc rakes 15 positioned on the same axis through movable shafts. The hydraulic pusher 21 can push the connecting rod 19 to drive the rear cross beam 14 and the disc harrow 15 on the rear cross beam 14 to rotate by 90 degrees. The laser guidance instrument 18 and the GPS positioning instrument 17 are respectively fixed on the support frame 16 through a detachable movable lock catch 39.
The mulch film laying machine further comprises a towing device which is positioned at the forefront end of the frame 5 and connected with the towing machine, the towing machine is generally a high-power tractor, the towing device comprises a central support shaft 3 which penetrates through the frame 5 from front to back and is rotatably arranged in the middle of the frame 5 through a bearing, the front end of the central support shaft 3 is fixedly provided with fixed cross beams of which two sides are provided with towing frames 1, two sides of the upper end face of each fixed cross beam are respectively fixedly provided with a vertical upright rod 2, the end part of each vertical upright rod 2 is obliquely extended backwards and provided with an adjusting arm 24, and the end part of each adjusting arm 24 is fixed with the frame 5 through an inclination angle adjusting hydraulic rod 23 which is electrically connected with a controller.
The mulching film laying machine further comprises a subsoiling and crushing device which is arranged below the frame 5 and is positioned between the film laying device and the dragging device, the subsoiling and crushing device comprises a subsoiling shovel 6, the subsoiling shovel 6 is a front-row subsoiling shovel and a rear-row subsoiling shovel which are fixed under a mounting beam and are parallel and staggered left and right, the subsoiling shovel further comprises a soil crushing roller 7 and a depth limiting wheel 8 which are fixed below the frame 5 and between the rear-row subsoiling shovel and a soil lifting inclined plane 10 and sequentially pass through a mounting frame in a front-back mode, the mounting beam and the mounting frame are respectively fixed with the frame 5, and the height and the breadth of the soil crushing roller 7 are the same as those of the rear-row subsoiling shovel.
The upper surface of the front end of the stand 5 is fixedly provided with an upward large tripod 4, the upper surface of the rear end of the stand 5 is fixedly provided with an upward small tripod 20, the large tripod 4 and the small tripod 20 are connected through a supporting rod 22 between the top ends, and the top end of the large tripod 4 is also connected with a suspension rod 25 in a shaft mode.
The application method of the coastal saline-alkali soil cultivation layer under-layer salt-resistant mulching film laying machine comprises the following steps:
p1, mounting a bundle of salt-resistant mulching films 27 on a film mounting roller 37, enabling movable ends of the bundle of salt-resistant mulching films 27 to pass through a film pressing roller 29 and a film spreading roller 33, connecting a frame 5 with a traction machine through a traction device, wherein the traction device adopts a tractor and is fixed with a traction carrier 1;
p2, inputting a laying plan with a set film laying depth and an inclination angle into a controller, controlling an inclination angle adjusting hydraulic rod 23 and a hydraulic pusher 21 to respectively adjust angles of the subsoiler 6 and the soil lifting inclined plane 10 through the controller, respectively adjusting different heights of the two inclination angle adjusting hydraulic rods 23 on the frame, so that the subsoiling and crushing device can form a proper angle with a horizontal plane, and guiding and positioning through a laser guidance instrument 18 and a GPS positioning instrument 17;
p3, lifting the film laying device and a disc harrow 15 at the rear by a controller to control a hydraulic pusher 21, subsoiling 5-10 m by a subsoiler 6 at the head of a strip field according to the laying planning depth, backing to the head of the strip field, fixing a film laying shielding plate 12 on a shielding plate hydraulic limit switch 31 by a shielding plate regulating and controlling hydraulic rod 28, gradually laying down the film laying device to reach the planning depth soil layer by controlling the hydraulic pusher 21 in the forward direction, starting a driving device to rotate a film pressing roller 29 and driving a film spreading roller 33 to convey and guide out a salt-resistant mulching film 27;
p4, a positioning guidance system consisting of a laser guidance instrument 18 and a GPS positioning instrument 17 in the laying process automatically adjusts deep loosening and film laying depth and inclination angle of a film laying machine according to a laying plan; the dosage and rotation conveying and guiding-out conditions of the salt-resistant mulching film 27 are monitored through the mulching film dosage photoelectric sensor 26 and the mulching film conveying infrared imaging monitor 34, and the surface soil is raked by the disc harrow 15;
p5, when the position of the soil is 5 m-10 m away from the other land of the strip field, the driving motor is closed, the film pressing roller 29 and the film spreading roller 33 are stopped to rotate, the conveying of the salt-resistant mulching film 27 is stopped, the film laying shielding plate 12 is closed by the shielding plate hydraulic limit switch 31 and the shielding plate regulating and controlling hydraulic rod 28, the salt-resistant mulching film 27 is cut off by the film cutting knife 35, the rear edge of the film laying bottom plate 11 is wrapped, the soil is gradually moved forward, and the soil discharging surface of the film laying device is lifted by the dragging device;
and P6, repeating the steps P3, P4 and P5 according to the laying plan until the whole strip field is laid.
Of course, the above description is not limited to the above examples, and the technical features of the present utility model that are not described may be implemented by or by using the prior art, which is not described herein again; the above examples and drawings are only for illustrating the technical scheme of the present utility model and not for limiting the same, and the present utility model has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, and it should be understood by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, additions or substitutions made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the present utility model and the scope of the appended claims.
Claims (5)
1. The utility model provides a coastal saline and alkaline land is ploughed layer and is hindered salt plastic film laying machine, includes the frame, the frame below be equipped with shop's membrane device, its characterized in that: the film spreading device comprises a soil lifting inclined plane, wherein two sides of the top edge of the soil lifting inclined plane are respectively fixed with a frame through upright posts, a film spreading bottom plate is extended backwards along the horizontal direction on the bottom edge of the soil lifting inclined plane, a film spreading shielding plate capable of wrapping the rear edge of the film spreading bottom plate is rotationally connected to the top edge of the soil lifting inclined plane, two sides of the film spreading bottom plate are respectively extended upwards to form a supporting plate of a film spreading cavity by enclosing the soil lifting inclined plane, the film spreading bottom plate and the film spreading shielding plate, a film installation roller, a film pressing roller and a film spreading roller are sequentially rotationally connected between the supporting plates from front to back in the film spreading cavity, the film pressing roller is driven by a driving device electrically connected with a controller, and two ends of the film pressing roller are respectively connected with two ends of the film spreading roller through belt transmission;
the upper end of the upright post is fixed with a rear cross beam which is rotationally arranged on the frame, the rear cross beam is connected with a hydraulic pusher on the frame in front of the rear cross beam through a connecting rod, the rear cross beam is provided with a support frame of a laser guidance instrument and a GPS positioning instrument in a backward extending mode along the direction of the frame, the laser guidance instrument, the GPS positioning instrument and the hydraulic pusher are respectively and electrically connected with a controller, and the tail end of the support frame is connected with a plurality of disc rakes positioned on the same axis through movable shafts;
the device comprises a frame, a traction mechanism, a traction device, a traction frame, a traction device and a hydraulic rod, wherein the traction device is positioned at the forefront end of the frame and is connected with the traction mechanism, the traction device comprises a central support shaft which penetrates through the frame from front to back and is rotatably arranged in the middle of the frame through a bearing, the front end of the central support shaft is fixedly provided with fixed cross beams of which two sides are provided with the traction frame, two sides of the upper end surface of the fixed cross beams are respectively fixedly provided with a vertical upright rod, the end parts of the vertical upright rods are obliquely extended backwards and are provided with an adjusting arm, and the end parts of the adjusting arm and the frame are respectively fixed through an inclination angle adjusting hydraulic rod which is electrically connected with a controller;
a shielding plate regulation hydraulic rod is arranged between the film paving shielding plate and the film paving bottom plate, a limit switch which is electrically connected with the shielding plate regulation hydraulic rod and used for limiting when the film paving shielding plate is closed is arranged on the inner side of the supporting plate at the rear end of the film paving bottom plate, and the shielding plate regulation hydraulic rod and the limit switch are respectively electrically connected with a controller;
the bottom surface of the film spreading shielding plate is provided with a film dosage photoelectric sensor and an infrared imaging monitor which are electrically connected with the controller in the film spreading cavity;
the film cutting knife is arranged on the opposite edge of the side, which is contacted with the film laying bottom plate, of the film laying shielding plate in the length direction.
2. The coastal saline land cultivation sub-layer salt-resistant mulching film laying machine according to claim 1, wherein: the deep scarification soil breaking device comprises a front deep scarification shovel and a rear deep scarification shovel which are fixed under a frame mounting beam and are arranged in parallel and staggered left and right, a soil breaking roller and a depth limiting wheel which are fixed under the frame and between the rear deep scarification shovel and a soil lifting inclined plane and sequentially installed through a mounting frame, the mounting beam and the mounting frame are respectively fixed with the frame, and the height and the breadth of the soil breaking roller are the same as those of the rear deep scarification shovel.
3. The coastal saline land cultivation sub-layer salt-resistant mulching film laying machine according to claim 2, wherein: the upper surface of the front end of the frame is fixedly provided with an upward large tripod, the upper surface of the rear end of the frame is fixedly provided with an upward small tripod, the large tripod and the small tripod are connected through a supporting rod between the top ends, and the top end of the large tripod is also connected with a suspension rod in a shaft mode.
4. The coastal saline land cultivation sub-layer salt-resistant mulching film laying machine according to claim 1, wherein: an Mogun pass and hinder salt plastic film axis and its both ends be fixed with respectively about the first bearing and the second bearing that the mid point symmetry set up of film installation roller length, film installation roller's both ends pass through the recess contact connection of first bearing and the backup pad of spreading the membrane bottom plate both sides, the spread membrane bottom plate on correspond the second bearing position and install two perpendicular to spread the membrane bottom plate respectively upwards and with the auto-lock track hydraulic stem that the controller electricity is connected, auto-lock track hydraulic stem upper end is fixed with the auto-lock switch, the auto-lock switch includes curved movable end and the stiff end of holding the second bearing with the cooperation of arc movable end.
5. The use method of the coastal saline land cultivation sub-layer salt-resistant mulching film laying machine according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
p1, mounting a bundle of salt-resistant mulching films on a film installation roller, enabling movable ends of the bundle of salt-resistant mulching films to pass through the film pressing roller and the film spreading roller, and connecting a frame with a traction machine through a dragging device;
p2, inputting the film laying depth and the inclination angle in a controller, controlling an inclination angle adjusting and controlling hydraulic rod and a hydraulic pusher to respectively adjust angles of the subsoiler and the soil lifting inclined plane, and guiding and positioning by using a laser guidance instrument and a GPS positioning instrument;
p3, controlling the hydraulic pusher to lift the film paving device and the disc harrow at the rear, subsoiling the strip field head by a subsoiling shovel for 5-10 m according to the paving planning depth, backing the strip field head, adjusting and controlling the hydraulic rod below the film paving shielding plate to pull the film paving shielding plate to the limit switch, gradually putting down the film paving device to the planning depth soil layer by controlling the hydraulic pusher in the forward direction, and starting the driving device to drive the film pressing roller and the film spreading roller to guide out the salt-resistant mulching film;
p4, automatically adjusting deep loosening of a film paving machine and depth and inclination angle of a film paving by a positioning guidance system consisting of a laser guidance instrument and a GPS positioning instrument according to a paving plan in the paving process; monitoring the usage amount and rotation conveying and guiding-out conditions of the salt-resistant mulching film by using a photoelectric sensor for the usage amount of the mulching film and an infrared imaging monitor for the mulching film conveying, and raking up surface soil by using a disc rake;
p5, closing the driving device at a position 5-10 m away from the other land, stopping conveying the salt-resistant mulching film, closing the film-laying shielding plate by the limiting switch and the shielding plate regulating and controlling the hydraulic rod, wrapping the rear edge of the film-laying bottom plate, simultaneously cutting the salt-resistant mulching film by the film-cutting knife, gradually advancing, and lifting the soil-discharging surface of the film-laying device by the dragging device;
and P6, repeating the steps P3, P4 and P5 according to the paving plan until the whole field paving is completed.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810694354.9A CN108541495B (en) | 2018-06-29 | 2018-06-29 | Coastal saline-alkali soil cultivation layer under-layer salt-resistant mulching film laying machine and application method thereof |
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| CN201810694354.9A CN108541495B (en) | 2018-06-29 | 2018-06-29 | Coastal saline-alkali soil cultivation layer under-layer salt-resistant mulching film laying machine and application method thereof |
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| CN108541495B true CN108541495B (en) | 2024-04-05 |
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| CN109328554A (en) * | 2018-09-28 | 2019-02-15 | 李静静 | A kind of multiduty semi-automatic novel farming machine |
| FR3093399A1 (en) * | 2019-03-10 | 2020-09-11 | Pierre Wyart | Device for cutting canvases / mulch covers during planting operations in the field of landscaping. |
| US11419254B2 (en) | 2019-10-28 | 2022-08-23 | Cnh Industrial Canada, Ltd. | System and method for detecting levelness of tools of a tillage implement based on tool loading |
| CN111165108B (en) * | 2020-02-10 | 2023-06-23 | 山东农业大学 | In-situ film-forming salt-separating operation device and method for saline-alkali soil improvement |
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