CN108531197A - 一种液晶组合物及其应用 - Google Patents
一种液晶组合物及其应用 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种液晶组合物,特别是基于正性介电各向异性的极性化合物的液晶组合物。该液晶组合物包含:一种或多种通式I所示的极性化合物;一种或多种通式Ⅱ所示的极性化合物;一种或多种通式Ⅲ所示的化合物;一种或多种通式Ⅳ所示的化合物;一种或多种通式Ⅴ所示的化合物。其中,通式、通式II、通式Ⅲ、通式Ⅳ、通式Ⅴ的结构如下。有益效果:本发明的液晶组合物具有大的正介电各向异性,更高的清亮点,旋转粘度低等特点,可以降低器件的驱动电压和反应时间,在更高的温度下工作,特别适用于低盒厚,高显示品质画面的有源矩阵TN‑TFT、IPS‑TFT、FFS‑TFT的液晶显示元件和液晶显示器。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种液晶组合物,本发明还涉及一种该液晶组合物在液晶显示器领域的应用。
背景技术
目前,在TFT-LCD领域中,IPS液晶显示技术和VA液晶显示技术同为当今液晶显示的两大主流TFT技术。IPS屏(In-Plane Switching,平面转换)技术始于日立公司,于2001推出的该种液晶面板技术,俗称“Super TFT”。IPS技术将液晶显示产品的水平可视角度和垂直可视角度都有一定提升。
IPS显示技术的于不是预先给液晶分子定向成为透光模式,而是定向成为不透光的模式,透光的多少通过与液晶分子定向方向垂直的电极决定,电压越高,扭转的分子就越多,从而实现光线的精确控制。它只控制IPS液晶面板的一个偏转角度,并且偏转分子的数量能够与电压接近正比例,从而使面板的层次控制更容易实现。
VA屏(Vertical Alignment,垂直配向技术),主要有富士通的MVA技术(Multi-domain Vertical Alignment,多象限垂直配向技术)可以说是最早出现的广视角液晶屏技术,以及三星(Samsung)公司的PVA技术(Patterned Vertical Alignment)。以上两种技术均属于VA技术范畴,经过各自的技术改良,可视角度通常可做到170度以上。MAV和PVA垂直配向技术都是垂直配向技术,其液晶分子未加电时处垂直于屏幕的状态,每个像素均由这些垂直取向的液晶分子组成。当加上电压之后,液晶分子便指向不同的方向。这样各个角度都获得了相应的补偿,于是在不同的角度观察都能获得不错的视角效果,也让视角更宽广。
VA面板和IPS面板相对于TN面板,具有更加宽的视角范围,对比度高,色彩鲜艳,在显示的各个领域备受欢迎,取得了广泛的应用。
IPS硬屏在动态清晰度、色彩还原准确、可视角度等方面的显著优势,相对于传统的软屏液晶,IPS硬屏拥有稳固的液晶分子排列结构,响应速度更快,因而在动态清晰度上具有超强的表现力,完全消除了软屏液晶显示屏在受到外界压力和摇晃时,出现的模糊及水纹扩散现象,播放极速画面时更杜绝了残影和拖尾,因此,除了消费、医疗、工控行业外,对于时刻处在运动状态中的航天、汽车、地铁等行业均采用了IPS硬屏,以获得没有任何损耗的画质。可以预见的是,IPS显示技术越来越广泛的应用在各个领域。
对于IPS显示技术,需要具有改进性能的新型液晶介质。对于动态显示应用领域,尤其需要改进相应时间,降低驱动电压,运用于特殊领域的,还需要提高工作温度范围。因此,需要低的旋转粘度,大的介电各向异性,高的清亮点,大K值。优选的,介电应当高于4,非常优选的高于5,然后优选不高于12,特别是不高于15,因为这对于合理高的电阻率是不利的,对液晶材料的品质可靠性有影响。
适合于LCD和尤其适合于IPS显示器的液晶组合物是例如从以下文献中已知的:EP0667555、DE19509410、DE19528106、JP07-181439(A)、WO9623851等。然后这些组合物具有显著缺点。除其他缺点外,它们大部分导致不利地长的响应时间,具有太低的电阻率值,和/或需要太高的工作电压。
因此,对于具有实际应用的合适性能的液晶介质存在显著需求,所述合适性能例如宽的工作范围,合适的光学各向异性,根据显示器模式,高的介电各向异性和尤其低的旋转粘度。
发明内容
本发明针对上述现有技术的不足,提供一种具有适当高清亮点、适当双折射各项异性、高介电各项异性、低的旋转粘度、快的响应速度的液晶组合物。
本发明解决上述技术问题的技术方案如下:
一种液晶组合物,所述液晶组合物包含:
一种或多种通式I所示的极性化合物;
一种或多种通式Ⅱ所示的极性化合物;
一种或多种通式Ⅲ所示的化合物;
一种或多种通式Ⅳ所示的化合物;
一种或多种通式Ⅴ-1、Ⅴ-2所示的化合物:
其中,R1,R2分别独立的表示H原子、含有1~7个碳原子的或任意H原子被F原子取代的含有1~7个碳原子的烷基、含有1~6个碳原子的烷氧基或任意H原子被F原子取代的含有1~6个碳原子的烷氧基、含有2~6个碳原子的链烯基或任意H原子被F原子取代的含有2~6个碳原子的链烯基、和含有3~5个碳原子的链烯氧基或任意H原子被F原子取代的含有3~5个碳原子的链烯氧基中的一种;
R表示含有1~7个碳原子的烷基,或含有2~6个碳原子的链烯基;
R5、R6分别独立的表示H原子、F原子,或含有1~7个碳原子的烷基;
R7表示H原子或含有1~7个碳原子的烷基;
L表示H或F;
各自独立的表示下列基团中的一种或多种:
各自独立的表示下列基团中的一种或多种:
独立的表示下列基团中的一种或多种:
独立的表示下列基团中的一种或多种
m表示0或1;
Z1表示—或≡。
优选的,所述通式I所示化合物的结构如下:
优选的,所述通式Ⅱ所示化合物结构如下:
优选的,所述通式Ⅲ所示化合物的结构式如下:
其中,R3表示含有1~7个碳原子的烷基,R4为H、CH3、C2H5或正C3H7;
所述通式Ⅲ-1选自如下一种或多种化合物:
所述通式Ⅲ-2选自如下一种或多种化合物:
所述通式Ⅲ-3选自如下一种或多种化合物:
优选的,所述通式Ⅳ所示化合物的结构式如下:
优选的,所述通式Ⅴ所示化合物的结构式如下:
优选的,所述液晶组合物包含:占所述液晶组合物总质量的5~30%的一种或多种通式I所示的极性化合物;占所述液晶组合物总质量的3~25%的一种或多种具有通式Ⅱ所示的极性化合物;占所述液晶组合物总质量的20~50%的一种或多种具有通式Ⅲ所示的化合物;占所述液晶组合物总质量的10~30%的一种或多种具有通式Ⅳ所示的化合物;占所述液晶组合物总质量的1~10%的一种或多种具有通式Ⅴ所示的化合物。
本发明还提供一种电光学液晶显示器,包括上述中任一项所述的液晶组合物。若应用于IPS-TFT、FFS-TFT中,则不需要添加旋光性物质;若应用于TN-TFT或无源驱动显示中,则需添加0~1%的所述通式I~Ⅴ所示的化合物的质量之和的旋光性物质。还可以额外地包含一种或多种UV稳定剂,掺杂剂和/或抗氧化剂作为添加剂。
本发明还提供一种如上述中任一项所述的液晶组合物在液晶显示领域的应用。
有益效果:本发明通过对各种液晶化合物的优化组合及优选配比,尤其是三环—OCF2CF=CF2与四环二氟甲氧基极性化合物的搭配,经过测试,做到了高清亮点、适当双折射各项异性、高介电各项异性、低的旋转粘度、快的响应速度的特性,非常适用于TN-TFT、IPS-TFT、FFS-TFT显示模式。
具体实施方式
以下将结合具体实施方案来说明本发明。需要说明的是,下面的实施例为本发明的示例,仅用来说明本发明,而不用来限制本发明。在不偏离本发明主旨或范围的情况下,可进行本发明构思内的其他组合和各种改良。
本发明的液晶组合物采用常规方法将两种或多种液晶化合物混合进行生产,如在高温下混合不同组分并彼此溶解的方法制备,其中,将液晶组合物溶解在用于该化合物的溶剂中并混合,然后在减压下蒸馏出该溶剂;或者本发明的液晶组合物可按照常规的方法制备,如将其中含量较小的组分在较高的温度下溶解在含量较大的主要组分中,或将各所属组分在有机溶剂中溶解,如丙酮、氯仿或甲醇等,然后将溶液混合后去除溶剂后得到。
本发明中的百分比为重量百分比,温度为摄氏度(℃)。如无其他说明,其他符号的具体意义及测试条件如下:
Cp(℃)表示液晶的清亮点。
S-N表示液晶的晶态到向列相的熔点(℃)。
△n为光学各向异性,no为寻常光的折射率,ne为非寻常光的折射率,测试条件为,589nm波长,25℃。测量仪器:阿贝折射仪。
△ε为介电各向异性,△ε=ε∥-ε⊥,其中,ε∥为平行于分子轴的介电常数,ε⊥为垂直于分子轴的介电常数,测试条件为25℃;测量仪器:INSTEC:ALCT-IR1;20微米平行盒,未添加手性剂。
γ1:旋转粘度(mPa·s),测试条件为25±0.2℃。测量仪器:INSTEC:ALCT-IR1;20微米平行盒,未添加手性剂。
在以下的实施例中所采用的各成分,均可以通过公知的方法进行合成,或者通过商业途径获得。这些合成技术是常规的,所得到各液晶化合物经测试符合电子类化合物标准。
为便于表达,以下各实施例中,液晶化合物的基团结构用表1所列的代码表示:
表1 液晶化合物的基团结构代码
以下列结构式为例,该结构式对应于表1所列代码可表示为:
实施例1
实施例2
实施例3
实施例4
实施例5
实施例6
实施例7
实施例8
实施例9
实施例10
通过上述实施例1-实施例10可得出,本发明一方面通过对单体结构的改变,即在单晶化合物的结构中合理的引入多个功能性基团,起到兼顾多种性能的效果;另一方面通过对各种液晶组合物的优化组合及优选配比,经过测试,达到了具有工作温度区间宽,适当双折射各项异性、高介电各项异性、低的旋转粘度、快的响应速度的作用。
Claims (9)
1.一种液晶组合物,其特征在于,所述液晶组合物包含:
一种或多种通式I所示的极性化合物;
一种或多种通式Ⅱ所示的极性化合物;
一种或多种通式Ⅲ所示的化合物;
一种或多种通式Ⅳ所示的化合物;
一种或多种通式Ⅴ所示的化合物:
其中,R1,R2分别独立的表示H原子、含有1~7个碳原子的或任意H原子被F原子取代的含有1~7个碳原子的烷基、含有1~6个碳原子的烷氧基或任意H原子被F原子取代的含有1~6个碳原子的烷氧基、含有2~6个碳原子的链烯基或任意H原子被F原子取代的含有2~6个碳原子的链烯基、和含有3~5个碳原子的链烯氧基或任意H原子被F原子取代的含有3~5个碳原子的链烯氧基中的一种;
R表示含有1~7个碳原子的烷基,或含有2~6个碳原子的链烯基;
R5、R6分别独立的表示H原子、F原子,或含有1~7个碳原子的烷基;
R7表示H原子或含有1~7个碳原子的烷基;
L表示H或F;
各自独立的表示下列基团中的一种或多种:
各自独立的表示下列基团中的一种或多种:
独立的表示下列基团中的一种或多种:
独立的表示下列基团中的一种或多种
m表示0或1;
Z1表示—或≡。
2.根据权利要求1所述的液晶组合物,其特征在于,所述通式I所示化合物的结构如下:
3.根据权利要求1所述的液晶组合物,其特征在于,所述通式Ⅱ所示化合物结构如下:
4.根据权利要求1所述的液晶组合物,其特征在于,所述通式Ⅲ所示化合物的结构式如下:
其中,R3表示含有1~7个碳原子的烷基,R4为H、CH3、C2H5或正C3H7;
所述通式Ⅲ-1选自如下一种或多种化合物:
所述通式Ⅲ-2选自如下一种或多种化合物:
所述通式Ⅲ-3选自如下一种或多种化合物:
5.根据权利要求1所述的液晶组合物,其特征在于,所述通式Ⅳ所示化合物的结构式如下:
6.根据权利要求1所述的液晶组合物,其特征在于,所述通式Ⅴ所示化合物的结构式如下:
7.根据权利要求1所述的液晶组合物,其特征在于,所述液晶组合物包含:
占所述液晶组合物总质量的5~30%的一种或多种通式I所示的极性化合物;
占所述液晶组合物总质量的3~25%的一种或多种具有通式Ⅱ所示的极性化合物;
占所述液晶组合物总质量的20~50%的一种或多种具有通式Ⅲ所示的化合物;
占所述液晶组合物总质量的10~30%的一种或多种具有通式Ⅳ所示的化合物;
占所述液晶组合物总质量的1~10%的一种或多种具有通式Ⅴ所示的化合物。
8.一种电光学液晶显示器,其特征在于,包括如权利要求1~7中任一项所述的液晶组合物。
9.一种如权利要求1~7中任一项所述的液晶组合物在液晶显示领域的应用。
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