CN108513905B

CN108513905B - Breeding method for increasing seed yield of broccoli and application

Info

Publication number: CN108513905B
Application number: CN201810260344.4A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 吴秋云; 黄科
Original assignee: Hunan Agricultural University
Current assignee: Hunan Agricultural University
Priority date: 2018-03-27
Filing date: 2018-03-27
Publication date: 2021-05-07
Anticipated expiration: 2038-03-27
Also published as: CN108513905A

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for preparing a female parent for improving the seed yield of broccoli, which comprises the following steps: firstly, transferring parent BOP15-08 material with long fruit pods and multiple single fruit seed characters into cytoplasmic sterile material to obtain cytoplasmic sterile material; secondly, hybridizing the cytoplasmic sterile material with a parent BOP15-08, and then performing backcross; and thirdly, obtaining stable cytoplasmic sterile materials through backcross until screening, and using the stable cytoplasmic sterile materials as hybrid female parents for standby. The invention can stably inherit the characters of long fruit pod and large number of single fruit seeds to hybrid offspring by a genetic breeding means, and obtains the broccoli seed production technology with high seed yield and stable inheritance. The invention can obtain the male sterile line and the self-incompatible line through breeding, can complete hybrid seed production without artificial pollination, reduces the artificial hybridization cost and reduces the hybrid ratio of filial generation.

Description

Breeding method for increasing seed yield of broccoli and application

Technical Field

The invention relates to a breeding method for improving the seed yield of broccoli and application thereof, belonging to the field of crops.

Background

In recent years, the planting area of broccoli is continuously increased, the demand of broccoli seeds is more and more increased, but the price of the broccoli seeds in the market is always high (more than 10000 yuan per kilogram and more than 200 yuan plus 2000 yuan per mu), the main reasons are that the seed production yield of the broccoli is low, the seed production cost is too high, the price of the broccoli seeds is high, and in addition, the labor cost is increased in recent years, the price of the broccoli seeds is on a sharp rising trend, and a situation which is difficult to demand appears.

The existing seed production technology seeks a scheme for improving the seed yield of broccoli from the aspects of a cultivation method and the like, but the effect is very little, the seed production yield of the broccoli per mu is only about 60 kilograms at most in large-scale seed production, and the production requirement can not be met.

The existing broccoli seed production technology mostly adopts self-incompatibility and male sterile line hybrid seed production, the improvement of the broccoli seed production yield is mostly limited to measures such as bee pollination, boron fertilizer application and the like by improving cultivation methods, but the cultivation measures have limited capacity for improving the broccoli seed production yield, only can improve the seed production yield from 55 kilograms per mu to about 60 kilograms, effectively reduce the seed production cost and have an unobvious effect on improving the broccoli planting benefit. Since broccoli takes a nutrient body-curd as a product organ, breeders have not paid attention to the problem of broccoli seed yield, germplasm resources with high seed quantity and high seed yield are not found at present, and no effective breeding method can well integrate characters with high seed quantity and seed yield with commodity quality at present.

Although various cultivation techniques are adopted in the prior art to try to improve the seed production yield of broccoli, the improvement range is limited due to the inherent genetic characteristics of breeding parent materials, so that the prior broccoli seed production technique has high cost, low seed yield and high seed price, and if from the perspective of genetic breeding, the seed yield per unit area can be effectively improved by improving the pod length and the number of single-fruit seeds of the broccoli breeding parent materials, thereby reducing the seed production cost of broccoli.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to solve the technical problems of improving the seed yield of broccoli and the application thereof, and solves the problems that in the existing broccoli seed production process, the seed production yield of broccoli is too low, artificial pollination is required to be adopted in the original broccoli seed production process, and the seed production cost is high due to the fact that the original broccoli parent is short in fruit pod and small in the number of single-fruit seeds.

The technical scheme provided by the invention is as follows: a method of preparing a female parent for increasing broccoli seed yield, the method comprising the steps of:

firstly, transferring parent BOP15-08 material into cytoplasmic sterile material to obtain cytoplasmic sterile material;

secondly, hybridizing the cytoplasmic sterile material with a sample BOP15-08, and then performing backcross;

and step three, carrying out backcross until a stable cytoplasmic sterile material is obtained by screening and is used as a hybrid female parent for standby.

Preferably, said backcrossing is performed 6 times.

Meanwhile, the invention also provides a breeding method for improving the seed yield of broccoli, and the method adopts the female parent prepared by the method to hybridize with the broccoli self-incompatible material to obtain a filial generation.

Preferably, the broccoli self-incompatible material is selected from broccoli varieties green ridge and Packman, and is strictly self-bred through continuous 6-generation bud-stage bagging pollination. Wherein inbred lines bred by utilizing green mountains are respectively named as: BOP15-08 and BOP15-05, which are named as BOP15-12, BOP15-27 and BOP15-33 separately.

The invention has the following beneficial effects:

the long pod character can be stably inherited to filial generation by a genetic breeding means, and the long pod character is difficult to stably obtain by a cultivation technology; the invention can stably inherit the characters with a large number of single fruit seeds to filial generation by a genetic breeding means, but the cultivation technology is difficult and cannot stably obtain the characters with a large number of single fruit seeds; the invention can obtain the broccoli seed production technology with high seed yield and stable inheritance by a genetic breeding means, and the cultivation technology can improve the seed yield of broccoli seed production, is greatly influenced by external factors and cannot obtain a stable technical scheme. The invention can obtain the male sterile line and the self-incompatible line through breeding, can complete hybrid seed production without artificial pollination, reduces the artificial hybridization cost and reduces the hybrid ratio of filial generation.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a breeding program of the present invention.

Detailed Description

The invention is further illustrated by the following detailed description of specific embodiments, which are not intended to be limiting but are merely exemplary.

The invention discovers parents (BOP15-08) with long fruit pods and a large number of single fruit seeds from breeding materials, discovers that the characters of the long fruit pods and the number of the single fruit seeds of the materials conform to the dominant inheritance rule through genetic analysis, namely the pod length and the number of the single fruit seeds of filial generations generated by hybridizing (positive and negative crossing) the genetic materials with other materials are increased, in order to further utilize the genetic materials, the inventor uses the materials (BOP15-08) as male parents, transfers the materials into cytoplasm sterile materials (BOP15-21) through an artificial hybridization method, generates stable cytoplasm sterile materials (BOP15-2108) through continuous 6-generation backcrossing, hybridizes the cytoplasm sterile materials with other broccoli self-incompatible materials (BOP15-05, BOP15-12, BOP15-27 and BOP15-33), and the filial generations show that the pod length is increased (up to 12cm) and the number of the single fruit seeds of the filial generations is increased, The number of single-fruit seeds is increased (the number of each fruit seed reaches 30), and the yield of the single-plant seeds of the broccoli is effectively increased. The breeding program is illustrated in FIG. 1.

BOP15-08, BOP15-21, BOP15-2108, BOP15-05, BOP15-12, BOP15-27 and BOP15-33 of the present invention are deposited at the garden forest institute of Hunan agriculture university (the contact: Huang of garden forest institute of Hunan agriculture university, Vol. 1, Hibiscus, Changsha, Phone: 13973136794).

The invention backcrosses broccoli self-incompatible line material (BOP15-08) which is obtained by multiple generations of strict selfing breeding and has multiple characteristics of long fruit pods and single fruit seeds with broccoli cytoplasmic male sterile material 6 generations to obtain broccoli female parent material with stable characters, hybridizes the female parent material with the broccoli self-incompatible line which is also obtained by multiple generations of strict selfing breeding and serves as a male parent (BOP15-05, BOP15-12, BOP15-27 and BOP15-33), finds that a hybridization combination which takes the BOP non-incompatible line without multiple characteristics of long fruit pods and single fruit seeds as the female parent (BOP15-21) is a contrast, and shows that the hybridization combination which takes BOP15-2108 as the female parent has the characteristics of typical long fruit pods and multiple single fruit seeds, thereby showing that the seed material can stably transmit the characteristics of the multiple fruit pods and single fruit seeds to offspring and is obviously superior to the hybridization combination which takes BOP15-2108 as the female parent, the results are shown in tables 1 to 3.

TABLE 1 comparison of pod lengths (Unit: CM) for progeny of different cross combinations

TABLE 2 comparison of seed number of individual fruit of progeny from different cross combinations

TABLE 3 comparison of the yield per mu of progeny seeds for different cross combinations (unit: kg/mu)

Claims

1. A method of preparing a female parent for increasing broccoli seed yield, comprising:

secondly, hybridizing the cytoplasmic sterile material with a parent BOP15-08, and then performing backcross;

and thirdly, obtaining stable cytoplasmic sterile materials through backcross until screening, and using the stable cytoplasmic sterile materials as hybrid female parents for standby.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein: the backcrossing was performed 6 times in succession.

3. A breeding method for improving the seed yield of broccoli is characterized in that: the female parent prepared by the method of claim 1 or 2 is hybridized with a broccoli self-incompatible material to obtain a filial generation.

4. A breeding method according to claim 3, characterized in that: the broccoli self-incompatible material comprises the following components: BOP15-08, BOP15-05, BOP15-12, BOP15-27, and BOP 15-33.