CN108507837A - A kind of micro- plastic multi-cavity room sampler of surface water - Google Patents
A kind of micro- plastic multi-cavity room sampler of surface water Download PDFInfo
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- CN108507837A CN108507837A CN201810338152.0A CN201810338152A CN108507837A CN 108507837 A CN108507837 A CN 108507837A CN 201810338152 A CN201810338152 A CN 201810338152A CN 108507837 A CN108507837 A CN 108507837A
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- filter
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/02—Devices for withdrawing samples
- G01N1/10—Devices for withdrawing samples in the liquid or fluent state
- G01N1/18—Devices for withdrawing samples in the liquid or fluent state with provision for splitting samples into portions
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/02—Devices for withdrawing samples
- G01N1/10—Devices for withdrawing samples in the liquid or fluent state
- G01N2001/1006—Dispersed solids
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
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- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
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- Sampling And Sample Adjustment (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of micro- plastic multi-cavity room samplers of surface water, including cylindrical type netting gear frame, several filter structures, connecting rod inside device, several and matched limiting device of connecting rod, leak box, and it is fixedly arranged on the buoy composition of netting gear frame both sides, mesh size size is sequentially reduced from top to bottom for several strainers and filter structure in described device, compared with prior art, the existing micro- plastics harvester of surface water only passes through micro- plastic garbage in primary filter screen filtering screening water body, it can not be separated, device provided by the invention can be to the micro- plastics of the different volumes of water surface, organic contamination sphere rubbish carries out screening, reasonable design simple in structure.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to ocean and water environment science and technology field, specifically a kind of micro- plastic multi-cavity room sampling of surface water
Device.
Background technology
In general, miscellaneous plastics, such as polyethylene, polystyrene have been widely present in life, these changes
It closes object exposure in the natural environment to be exposed to the weather, though cannot be completely degraded, is also to taper into, becomes and compare particle
Smaller micro- plastics.In addition, having a large amount of frosted particle, the body of these particles in cosmetics or cleaning supplies that we use
Product it is small, swim on the water surface, the sewage treatment plant in city can not handle them at all, and then they cannot be decomposed, freely from
Open sewage treatment plant.
Plastic garbage is mostly stable long chain macromolecule polymer, not degradable in the natural environment, but can illumination,
It is broken into small plastic grain under the effects that tide, the temperature difference or wind are lost, becomes micro- plastic garbage.Micro- plastics in water body environment
Have the characteristics that fast enormous amount, speedup, enrichment and release poisonous and harmful substance, can be detrimental to health with food chain causes extensively
General concern.Water body micro- plastics research in China's is still in the starting exploratory stage, has only carried out fragmentary investigation and sampling in certain waters.
Micro- plastics are equivalent to the saddle horse as pollutant, and the two can bat around in the environment.
Micro- plastics are a kind of plastic grain of the diameter less than 5 millimeters, are a kind of main carriers of transmission pollutant.Micro- modeling
Expect small, this means that higher specific surface area（Specific surface area refers to surface possessed by porosu solid substance unit mass
Product）, specific surface area is bigger, and the ability of the pollutant of absorption is stronger.First, a large amount of Polychlorinated biphenyls, double is had existed in environment
The persistence organic pollutants such as phenol A（These organic pollutions are often hydrophobic, that is they are less susceptible to be dissolved in water
In, it is more likely to be adsorbed on hydrophobic surface）Once micro- plastics and these pollutants meet, just aggregation formation one is organic
Pollute sphere.Micro- plastics are concentrated mainly on most surface water, and deeper concentration is smaller under normal conditions, and water sample generally used now is adopted
Storage can not all collect the Surface water sample of water body well using place and depth as parameter（Micro- plastics enrichment region）.Therefore it needs
Want a kind of novel water sampler that can more accurately be surveyed to the different organic contamination spheres of water surface and micro- plastics
Amount.
Invention content
The purpose of the present invention or overcome the deficiencies in the prior art disclose a kind of micro- plastic multi-cavity room sampling dress of surface water
It sets, including：
Including cylindrical type netting gear frame, wherein netting gear frame includes the upper and lower matched cavity A of two parts and cavity B, wherein
Cavity A is the cylindrical structure of lower ending opening, and cavity B is the cylindrical structure of upper end opening, wherein cavity A upper bottom surfaces and cavity
B bottom surfaces face is equipped with osculum, and wherein cavity A upper bottom surfaces are equipped with through-hole A, is equipped with wherein at the bottom surface center of cavity B prominent
Go out portion,
Several filter structures, wherein filter structure include outer skeleton, inner frame, filter opening and holding section, wherein in holding section
Through-hole B is equipped at centre,
Connecting rod inside device, wherein connecting rod top are equipped with circular hole, and bottom is equipped with mounting hole, the mounting hole and protruding portion
Equipped with mutually matched helicitic texture, the wherein lateral wall of connecting rod is equipped with external screw thread,
It is several be equipped with the matched limiting device of connecting rod, at the center of the limiting device with connecting rod lateral wall it is matched in
Screw thread,
Box is leaked, wherein leakage box is frustum cone structure, include four reinforcing ribs of two bottom surfaces of upper and lower two bottom surface and connection or more, wherein
At upper and lower two bottom center be equipped with the matched through-hole C of connecting rod, wherein bottom surface be filter structure, frustum cone structure side wrap
Strainer, wherein strainer are fixed between amount bottom surface up and down,
And it is fixedly arranged on the buoy composition of netting gear frame both sides,
It is characterized in that, mesh size size is sequentially reduced from top to bottom for several strainers and filter structure in described device.
Further, the leakage box further includes the open end for being opened in upper bottom surface, and the open end is for opening and closing
Upper bottom surface simultaneously topples over the filter residue in it.
Further, diameter of diameter of the diameter of the through-hole A equal to through-hole B equal to through-hole C is equal to the diameter of connecting rod.
Further, the buoy is solid compression foam or hollow glass, PE plastic spheres.
Compared with prior art, the method have the advantages that：
1. the existing micro- plastics harvester of surface water only passes through micro- plastic garbage in primary filter screen filtering screening water body, nothing
Method is separated, device provided by the invention can to the micro- plastics of the different volumes of water surface, organic contamination sphere rubbish into
Row screening；
2. micro- plastics sampler provided by the invention is divided into multi-chamber, Research Analyst can replace strainer knot automatically as needed
Structure realizes that simple to operate, the rubbish after collection can classify to the collection work of the micro- plastic garbage of different volumes
Processing, to measure micro- plastics concentration levels under each volume；
3. micro- plastics harvester provided by the invention will be divided into multiple chambers in device, the later stage of Research Analyst is contributed to collect
Processing work, it is more convenient reasonable to use and measure；
Traditional sample collection bottle is integrally fixed on netting gear, can not be dismantled, and needs at sea to carry out rushing sample after sample collection
It is time-consuming and laborious with sample transfer operation, and possible remaining micro- plastic grain easily generates the sample collection of next erect-position in bottle
Error, and influenced by shifting, operation on the sea work is unstable, and the present invention can be removed quickly, can be again after sampling cleaning
It uses, it is time saving and energy saving, it is easy to operate.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the structural schematic diagram when present invention is split；
Fig. 3 is the structural schematic diagram of filter structure of the present invention；
Fig. 4 is three chamber schematic diagram in the embodiment of the present invention.
In figure, 1, netting gear frame, 2, filter structure, 3, connecting rod, 4, limiting device, 5, leakage box, 11, cavity A, 111, through-hole
A, 12, cavity B, 121, protruding portion, 21, outer skeleton, 22, inner frame, 23, filter opening, 24, holding section, 241, through-hole B, 31, circle
Hole, 32, mounting hole, 51, reinforcing rib, 52, through-hole C, 53, strainer, 54, open end.
Specific implementation mode
Technical scheme of the present invention is clearly and completely described below in conjunction with attached drawing, it is clear that described implementation
Example is a part of the embodiment of the present invention, instead of all the embodiments.Based on the embodiments of the present invention, ordinary skill
The every other embodiment that personnel are obtained without making creative work, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that term "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical",
The orientation or positional relationship of the instructions such as "horizontal", "inner", "outside" be based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, merely to
Convenient for the description present invention and simplify description, do not indicate or imply the indicated device or element must have a particular orientation,
With specific azimuth configuration and operation, therefore it is not considered as limiting the invention.In addition, according to term " first ", "
Two ", " third ", is used for description purposes only, and is not understood to indicate or imply relative importance.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that unless otherwise clearly defined and limited, term " installation ", " phase
Even ", " connection " shall be understood in a broad sense, for example, it may be being fixedly connected, may be a detachable connection, or be integrally connected;It can
Can also be electrical connection to be mechanical connection;It can be directly connected, can also indirectly connected through an intermediary, Ke Yishi
Connection inside two elements.For the ordinary skill in the art, above-mentioned term can be understood at this with concrete condition
Concrete meaning in invention.
Referring to attached drawing 1：A kind of micro- plastic multi-cavity room sampler of surface water, including cylindrical type netting gear frame 1, wherein net
Tool frame 1 includes that the matched cavity A11 of two parts and cavity B12, wherein cavity A11 are the cylindrical type of lower ending opening up and down
Structure, cavity B12 are the cylindrical structure of upper end opening, and wherein cavity A11 upper bottom surfaces and cavity B12 bottom surfaces face is equipped with row
Water hole, wherein cavity A11 upper bottom surfaces are equipped with through-hole A111, and protruding portion 121 is equipped with wherein at the bottom surface center of cavity B12,
Several filter structures 2, wherein filter structure 2 include outer skeleton 21, inner frame 22, filter opening 23 and holding section 24, wherein
The centre of holding section 24 is equipped with through-hole B241, wherein the interior surface area phase of the external surface area of outer skeleton 21 and cavity B12
Together, being fully sealed in cavity B of filter structure 2 is realized,
Connecting rod 3 inside device, wherein 3 top of connecting rod are equipped with circular hole 31, and bottom is equipped with mounting hole 32, the mounting hole 32
It is equipped with mutually matched helicitic texture with protruding portion 121, the wherein lateral wall of connecting rod 3 is equipped with external screw thread,
Several be equipped with the matched limiting device 4 of connecting rod, at the center of the limiting device 4 matches with 3 lateral wall of connecting rod
Internal thread, when specific installation, the cooperation between limiting device 4 and connecting rod 3 is to realize the fixation of filter structure 2, wherein limiting
Structure 4 has certain height, can be to taking without having to worry about in sampling process, making limiting device 4 that movement occur since flow is too quickly
Sample impacts, and the cooperation of microstructure 4 and holding section 24 ensures to remain opposite height between each chamber, to complete to take
Sample works,
Box 5 is leaked, wherein leakage box 5 is frustum cone structure, include four reinforcing ribs 51 of two bottom surfaces of upper and lower two bottom surface and connection or more,
Wherein up and down two bottom center place be equipped with the matched through-hole C52 of connecting rod, wherein bottom surface be filter structure, frustum cone structure side
Bread wraps up in strainer 53, and wherein strainer 53 is fixed between amount bottom surface up and down,
And it is fixedly arranged on the buoy composition of 1 both sides of netting gear frame, wherein buoy fixed setting is to ensure sampler part-structure
More than water body surface layer,
It is characterized in that, mesh size size subtracts successively from top to bottom for several strainers 53 and filter structure 52 in described device
It is small.
Cavity B12 can be divided into several chambers, with top-down by the wherein cooperation of filter structure 2 and limiting device 4
Work is collected by filtration in strainer solution control mesh size reduction realization different volumes rubbish.
Specifically, leakage box 5 further includes the open end 54 for being opened in upper bottom surface, the open end 54 is for opening and closing
Simultaneously topple over the filter residue in it in bottom surface.
Specifically, the diameter of through-hole A111 is equal to the straight of connecting rod 3 equal to the diameter of through-hole B241 equal to the diameter of through-hole C52
Diameter.
As shown in Figure 4, it is added to filter structure 2 at one in cavity B, device is divided into 3 chambers, is from top to bottom
It is followed successively by chamber 1, chamber 2, chamber 3.
A kind of installation and application of the micro- plastic multi-cavity room sampler of surface water provided by the invention, feature exist
In being specifically divided into following steps：
A, it is assembled equipped with protruding portion 121 at the bottom surface center of connecting rod 2 and cavity B12, after assembling, on connecting rod 2
Add limiting device 4；
B, leakage box 5 is positioned over along connecting rod 2 at limiting device 4, backward connecting rod 2 on continue addition limiting device 4 to suitable position
It sets, then adds filter structure 2；
C, multiple limiting devices 4 and filter structure 2 are installed as needed；
D, after installing, cavity A and wall B, which is completed, can be used.
As another embodiment of the present invention, the madial wall of cavity A11 is equipped with catch, and catch is for stopping filter structure 2
The end motion on cavity A11.
Wherein, cavity A11 and cavity B12 can be used the aluminum alloy materials of high corrosion resistance, it is light-weight, tensile strength is high,
It is corrosion-resistant, improve the integrally-built stability of device.
Embodiment described above is only that the preferred embodiment of the present invention is described, not to the model of the present invention
It encloses and is defined, under the premise of not departing from design spirit of the present invention, technical side of the those of ordinary skill in the art to the present invention
The various modifications and improvement that case is made should all be fallen into the protection domain of claims of the present invention determination.
Claims (4)
1. a kind of micro- plastic multi-cavity room sampler of surface water, including cylindrical type netting gear frame, wherein netting gear frame include
The upper and lower matched cavity A of two parts and cavity B, wherein cavity A are the cylindrical structure of lower ending opening, and cavity B opens for upper end
The cylindrical structure of mouth, wherein cavity A upper bottom surfaces and cavity B bottom surfaces are equipped with osculum, and wherein cavity A upper bottom surfaces are equipped with logical
Hole A is equipped with protruding portion wherein at the bottom surface center of cavity B,
Several filter structures, wherein filter structure include outer skeleton, inner frame, filter opening and holding section, wherein in holding section
Through-hole B is equipped at centre,
Connecting rod inside device, wherein connecting rod top are equipped with circular hole, and bottom is equipped with mounting hole, the mounting hole and protruding portion
Equipped with mutually matched helicitic texture, the wherein lateral wall of connecting rod is equipped with external screw thread,
It is several be equipped with the matched limiting device of connecting rod, at the center of the limiting device with connecting rod lateral wall it is matched in
Screw thread,
Box is leaked, wherein leakage box is frustum cone structure, include four reinforcing ribs of two bottom surfaces of upper and lower two bottom surface and connection or more, wherein
At upper and lower two bottom center be equipped with the matched through-hole C of connecting rod, wherein bottom surface be filter structure, frustum cone structure side wrap
Strainer, wherein strainer are fixed between amount bottom surface up and down,
And it is fixedly arranged on the buoy composition of netting gear frame both sides,
It is characterized in that, several strainers and filter structure in described device the mesh size size under upper are sequentially reduced.
2. the micro- plastic multi-cavity room sampler of a kind of surface water according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the leakage box
Further include the open end for being opened in upper bottom surface, the open end is for opening and closing upper bottom surface and topple over the filter residue in it.
3. the micro- plastic multi-cavity room sampler of a kind of surface water according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the through-hole
Diameter of diameter of the diameter of A equal to through-hole B equal to through-hole C is equal to the diameter of connecting rod.
4. the micro- plastic multi-cavity room sampler of a kind of surface water according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the buoy
For solid compression foam or hollow glass, PE plastic spheres.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810338152.0A CN108507837B (en) | 2018-04-16 | 2018-04-16 | Little plastics multicavity room sampling device of top water |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810338152.0A CN108507837B (en) | 2018-04-16 | 2018-04-16 | Little plastics multicavity room sampling device of top water |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN108507837A true CN108507837A (en) | 2018-09-07 |
| CN108507837B CN108507837B (en) | 2020-12-11 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN201810338152.0A Active CN108507837B (en) | 2018-04-16 | 2018-04-16 | Little plastics multicavity room sampling device of top water |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109238816A (en) * | 2018-09-19 | 2019-01-18 | 中国环境科学研究院 | More micro- plastics separated in synchronization devices of partial size in a kind of hybrid deposit or soil |
| CN112697660A (en) * | 2020-12-25 | 2021-04-23 | 环必静(苏州)环境科技有限公司 | Portable water body micro-surface pollutant detection device and use method thereof |
| RU2782144C1 (en) * | 2021-12-29 | 2022-10-21 | Федеральное государственное автономное образовательное учреждение высшего образования "Национальный исследовательский Томский государственный университет" | Method for sampling microplastics in water courses |
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| CN108507837B (en) | 2020-12-11 |
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