CN108507837B - Little plastics multicavity room sampling device of top water - Google Patents
Little plastics multicavity room sampling device of top water Download PDFInfo
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- CN108507837B CN108507837B CN201810338152.0A CN201810338152A CN108507837B CN 108507837 B CN108507837 B CN 108507837B CN 201810338152 A CN201810338152 A CN 201810338152A CN 108507837 B CN108507837 B CN 108507837B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/02—Devices for withdrawing samples
- G01N1/10—Devices for withdrawing samples in the liquid or fluent state
- G01N1/18—Devices for withdrawing samples in the liquid or fluent state with provision for splitting samples into portions
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/02—Devices for withdrawing samples
- G01N1/10—Devices for withdrawing samples in the liquid or fluent state
- G01N2001/1006—Dispersed solids
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Abstract
The invention discloses a surface water body micro-plastic multi-cavity sampling device which comprises a cylindrical net frame, a plurality of filter screen structures, a connecting rod penetrating through the inside of the device, a plurality of limiting devices matched with the connecting rod, a leakage box and floats fixedly arranged on two sides of the net frame, wherein the sizes of meshes of the plurality of filter screens and the filter screen structures in the device are sequentially reduced from top to bottom.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of ocean and water environment science, in particular to a micro-plastic multi-chamber sampling device for a surface water body.
Background
Generally, various plastics such as polyethylene, polystyrene and the like are widely available in life, and the compounds are exposed to the natural environment and are blown by wind and sunshine, and although the compounds cannot be completely degraded, the compounds are gradually reduced to become micro plastics smaller than particles. In addition, the cosmetics or cleaning products we use have a large number of abrasive particles, which are small and float on the water surface, and municipal sewage treatment plants have no way to treat them at all, so they cannot be decomposed and leave the sewage treatment plant freely.
Most of the plastic wastes are stable long-chain high-molecular polymers which are not easy to degrade in natural environment, but can be broken into tiny plastic particles under the action of illumination, tide, temperature difference or wind erosion and the like to form the tiny plastic wastes. The micro plastic in the water environment has the characteristics of huge quantity, high speed increasing, enrichment and release of toxic and harmful substances, harm to human health along with a food chain and the like, and has attracted extensive attention. The research on micro-plastics in water bodies in China is still in the initial exploration stage, and sporadic investigation and sampling are only carried out in certain water areas.
Micro-plastic is equivalent to a ride that becomes a contaminant, both of which can wander around in the environment.
Micro plastic, a plastic particle with a diameter less than 5 mm, is a main carrier for transporting pollutants. The microplastic is small, which means a higher specific surface area (specific surface area refers to the surface area per unit mass of porous solid material) and the greater the specific surface area, the greater the capacity for adsorbing contaminants. First, persistent organic contaminants such as polychlorinated biphenyls (PCB's), bisphenol A (BPA's) and the like (which tend to be hydrophobic, i.e., they are less soluble in water and tend to adsorb on hydrophobic surfaces) already exist in the environment in large quantities, and once the micro-plastics and these contaminants meet, they aggregate to form an organically contaminated sphere. The micro-plastic is mainly concentrated in the surface water body, the deeper the micro-plastic is, the smaller the concentration is, and the surface water sample (micro-plastic enrichment area) of the water body cannot be well collected by the conventional universal water sample collector by taking the place and the depth as parameters. Therefore, a novel water sample collector is needed to accurately measure different organic pollution spheres and micro-plastics on the surface of a water body.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention also aims to overcome the defects of the prior art, and discloses a surface water body micro-plastic multi-chamber sampling device, which comprises:
comprises a cylindrical net frame, wherein the net frame comprises a cavity A and a cavity B which are matched with each other in an upper part and a lower part, the cavity A is of a cylindrical structure with an opening at the lower end, the cavity B is of a cylindrical structure with an opening at the upper end, drain holes are arranged on the upper bottom surface of the cavity A and the lower bottom surface of the cavity B, the upper bottom surface of the cavity A is provided with a through hole A, the center of the lower bottom surface of the cavity B is provided with a protruding part,
a plurality of filter screen structures, wherein each filter screen structure comprises an outer framework, an inner framework, a filter hole and a clamping part, a through hole B is arranged at the center of the clamping part,
a connecting rod penetrating through the inside of the device, wherein the top end of the connecting rod is provided with a round hole, the bottom of the connecting rod is provided with a fixing hole, the fixing hole and the protruding part are provided with mutually matched thread structures, the outer side wall of the connecting rod is provided with external threads,
a plurality of limiting devices matched with the connecting rods, wherein the center of each limiting device is provided with an internal thread matched with the outer side wall of each connecting rod,
the filter box is of a circular truncated cone structure and comprises an upper bottom surface, a lower bottom surface and four reinforcing ribs for connecting the upper bottom surface and the lower bottom surface, wherein the center of the upper bottom surface and the center of the lower bottom surface are provided with a through hole C matched with the connecting rod, the lower bottom surface is of a filter screen structure, the side surface of the circular truncated cone structure is wrapped with a filter screen, the filter screen is fixedly connected between the upper bottom surface and the lower bottom surface,
and a float assembly fixed on both sides of the net frame,
the device is characterized in that a plurality of filter screens and filter screen structures in the device are sequentially reduced in size from top to bottom.
Furthermore, the leakage box also comprises an opening end arranged on the upper bottom surface, and the opening end is used for opening and closing the upper bottom surface and pouring filter residues in the upper bottom surface.
Further, the diameter of the through hole A is equal to that of the through hole B and that of the through hole C is equal to that of the connecting rod.
Further, the buoy is a solid compressed foam or hollow glass or PE plastic sphere.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
firstly, the existing surface water body micro-plastic collecting device only filters and screens micro-plastic garbage in a water body through a filter screen once and cannot separate the micro-plastic garbage from the water body, and the device provided by the invention can screen micro-plastic garbage and organic pollution spherical garbage with different volumes on the surface of the water body;
the micro-plastic sampling device provided by the invention is divided into a plurality of chambers, so that a researcher can automatically replace a filter screen structure according to needs, the collection work of micro-plastic garbage with different volumes is realized, the operation is simple and convenient, and the collected garbage can be classified for treatment so as to measure the concentration condition of the micro-plastic under each volume;
the micro-plastic collecting device provided by the invention divides the interior of the device into a plurality of chambers, which is beneficial to the later-stage collecting and processing work of research personnel, and is more convenient and reasonable to use and measure;
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the present invention in its disassembled configuration;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of a screen construction of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic illustration of three chambers in an embodiment of the present invention.
In the figure, 1, a netting gear frame, 2, a filter screen structure, 3, a connecting rod, 4, a limiting device, 5, a leakage box, 11, a cavity A, 111, a through hole A, 12, a cavity B, 121, a protruding part, 21, an outer framework, 22, an inner framework, 23, a filter hole, 24, a clamping part, 241, a through hole B, 31, a round hole, 32, a fixing hole, 51, a reinforcing rib, 52, a through hole C, 53, a filter screen, 54 and an opening end.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, and it should be understood that the described embodiments are some, but not all embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplicity of description, but do not indicate or imply that the device or element being referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third," if used, are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that unless otherwise specifically stated or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "in communication with" are to be construed broadly, and may be, for example, fixedly, detachably, or integrally connected, mechanically, electrically, directly or indirectly through intervening elements, or in communication between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.
Referring to figure 1: a multi-cavity sampling device for micro-plastic of surface water body comprises a cylindrical net frame 1, wherein the net frame 1 comprises a cavity A11 and a cavity B12 which are matched with each other at the upper part and the lower part, wherein the cavity A11 is of a cylindrical structure with an opening at the lower end, the cavity B12 is of a cylindrical structure with an opening at the upper end, drain holes are arranged on the upper bottom surface of the cavity A11 and the lower bottom surface of the cavity B12, a through hole A111 is arranged on the upper bottom surface of the cavity A11, a protrusion 121 is arranged at the center of the lower bottom surface of the cavity B12,
a plurality of filter screen structures 2, wherein the filter screen structures 2 comprise an outer frame 21, an inner frame 22, a filter hole 23 and a clamping part 24, wherein the center of the clamping part 24 is provided with a through hole B241, the external surface area of the outer frame 21 is the same as the internal surface area of the cavity B12, the complete sealing of the filter screen structures 2 in the cavity B is realized,
a connecting rod 3 penetrating through the inside of the device, wherein the top end of the connecting rod 3 is provided with a round hole 31, the bottom of the connecting rod 3 is provided with a fixing hole 32, the fixing hole 32 and the protrusion 121 are provided with mutually matched thread structures, wherein the outer side wall of the connecting rod 3 is provided with external threads,
the limiting devices 4 are matched with the connecting rods, internal threads matched with the outer side walls of the connecting rods 3 are arranged at the centers of the limiting devices 4, when the filtering net structure 2 is installed, the limiting devices 4 are matched with the connecting rods 3 to fix the filtering net structure 2, the limiting structures 4 have certain heights, so that the situation that the limiting devices 4 move due to over-violent water flow to influence sampling in the sampling process is not needed, the relative heights of the chambers are kept all the time through the matching of the microstructure 4 and the clamping parts 24 to finish sampling work,
the leakage box 5, wherein the leakage box 5 is a circular truncated cone structure, and comprises an upper bottom surface, a lower bottom surface and four reinforcing ribs 51 connecting the upper bottom surface and the lower bottom surface, wherein the centers of the upper bottom surface and the lower bottom surface are provided with through holes C52 matched with the connecting rods, the lower bottom surface is a filter screen structure, the side surface of the circular truncated cone structure is wrapped with a filter screen 53, the filter screen 53 is fixedly connected between the upper bottom surface and the lower bottom surface,
and buoys fixedly arranged at two sides of the netting gear frame 1, wherein the buoys are fixedly arranged to ensure that part of the structure of the sampling device is positioned above the surface layer of the water body,
it is characterized in that the sizes of a plurality of filter screens 53 and filter screen structures 52 in the device are reduced from top to bottom in sequence.
Wherein the cooperation of filter screen structure 2 and stop device 4 can divide into a plurality of cavities with cavity B12, and the filter collection work of different volume rubbish is realized to mesh size reduction along with top-down's filter screen solution.
Specifically, the funnel 5 further comprises an opening end 54 opened on the upper bottom surface, and the opening end 54 is used for opening and closing the upper bottom surface and pouring filter residue therein.
Specifically, the diameter of the through hole a111 is equal to the diameter of the through hole B241 is equal to the diameter of the through hole C52 is equal to the diameter of the link 3.
As shown in fig. 4, a filter screen structure 2 is added in the cavity B, dividing the device into 3 chambers, which are chamber 1, chamber 2, and chamber 3 from top to bottom.
The invention provides an installation and use method of a surface water body micro-plastic multi-chamber sampling device, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
a. a protrusion 121 is arranged at the center of the lower bottom surface of the cavity B12 and the connecting rod 2 for assembly, and after the assembly is finished, a limiting device 4 is added on the connecting rod 2;
b. placing the leakage box 5 at the position of the limiting device 4 along the connecting rod 2, then continuously adding the limiting device 4 to a proper position on the connecting rod 2, and then adding the filter screen structure 2;
c. a plurality of limiting devices 4 and filter screen structures 2 are installed according to requirements;
d. after the installation is finished, the cavity A and the wall body B are assembled to be used.
As another embodiment of the present invention, the inner sidewall of the chamber a11 is provided with a blocking piece for blocking the movement of the screen structure 2 toward the upper end of the chamber a 11.
The cavity A11 and the cavity B12 can be made of high-corrosion-resistance aluminum alloy materials, so that the device is light in weight, high in tensile strength and corrosion-resistant, and the stability of the whole structure of the device is improved.
The above-mentioned embodiments are merely illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and do not limit the scope of the present invention, and various modifications and improvements of the technical solution of the present invention by those skilled in the art should fall within the protection scope defined by the claims of the present invention without departing from the spirit of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. A surface water body micro-plastic multi-cavity sampling device comprises a cylindrical net frame, wherein the net frame comprises a cavity A and a cavity B which are matched with each other in an upper part and a lower part, the cavity A is of a cylindrical structure with an opening at the lower end, the cavity B is of a cylindrical structure with an opening at the upper end, drain holes are arranged on the upper bottom surface of the cavity A and the lower bottom surface of the cavity B, a through hole A is formed in the upper bottom surface of the cavity A, a protruding part is arranged in the center of the lower bottom surface of the cavity B,
a plurality of filter screen structures, wherein the filter screen structures comprise an outer framework, an inner framework, filter holes and a clamping part, a through hole B is arranged at the center of the clamping part, the external surface area of the outer framework is the same as the internal surface area of the cavity B,
a connecting rod penetrating through the inside of the device, wherein the top end of the connecting rod is provided with a round hole, the bottom of the connecting rod is provided with a fixing hole, the fixing hole and the protruding part are provided with mutually matched thread structures, the outer side wall of the connecting rod is provided with external threads,
a plurality of limiting devices matched with the connecting rods, wherein the centers of the limiting devices are provided with internal threads matched with the outer side walls of the connecting rods, the limiting structures have certain heights,
the filter box is of a circular truncated cone structure and comprises an upper bottom surface, a lower bottom surface and four reinforcing ribs for connecting the upper bottom surface and the lower bottom surface, wherein the center of the upper bottom surface and the center of the lower bottom surface are provided with a through hole C matched with the connecting rod, the lower bottom surface is of a filter screen structure, the side surface of the circular truncated cone structure is wrapped with a filter screen, the filter screen is fixedly connected between the upper bottom surface and the lower bottom surface,
and a float assembly fixed on both sides of the net frame,
it is characterized in that the sizes of a plurality of filter screens and filter screen structures in the device are reduced in sequence from top to bottom.
2. The micro-plastic multi-chamber sampling device for surface water bodies according to claim 1, wherein the leakage box further comprises an open end arranged on the upper bottom surface, and the open end is used for opening and closing the upper bottom surface and pouring filter residues in the upper bottom surface.
3. The micro-plastic multi-chamber sampling device for surface water bodies according to claim 1, wherein the diameter of the through hole A is equal to that of the through hole B, and the diameter of the through hole C is equal to that of the connecting rod.
4. The micro-plastic multi-chamber sampling device for the surface water body according to claim 1, wherein the buoy is a solid compressed foam or a hollow glass, PE plastic sphere.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810338152.0A CN108507837B (en) | 2018-04-16 | 2018-04-16 | Little plastics multicavity room sampling device of top water |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810338152.0A CN108507837B (en) | 2018-04-16 | 2018-04-16 | Little plastics multicavity room sampling device of top water |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN108507837A CN108507837A (en) | 2018-09-07 |
| CN108507837B true CN108507837B (en) | 2020-12-11 |
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| CN201810338152.0A Active CN108507837B (en) | 2018-04-16 | 2018-04-16 | Little plastics multicavity room sampling device of top water |
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| CN112697660B (en) * | 2020-12-25 | 2021-11-09 | 广东恒睿环境检测股份有限公司 | Portable water body micro-surface pollutant detection device and use method thereof |
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