CN108505184B - Processing method of permanent anti-static fabric - Google Patents

Processing method of permanent anti-static fabric Download PDF

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Publication number
CN108505184B
CN108505184B CN201810350199.9A CN201810350199A CN108505184B CN 108505184 B CN108505184 B CN 108505184B CN 201810350199 A CN201810350199 A CN 201810350199A CN 108505184 B CN108505184 B CN 108505184B
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fabric
soaping
agent
washing
dyeing
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CN108505184A (en
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刘瑞宁
赵登秋
侯立山
杨现华
郭秀娟
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HEBEI NINGFANG GROUP CO Ltd
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HEBEI NINGFANG GROUP CO Ltd
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    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D03WEAVING
    • D03DWOVEN FABRICS; METHODS OF WEAVING; LOOMS
    • D03D15/00Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used
    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D03WEAVING
    • D03DWOVEN FABRICS; METHODS OF WEAVING; LOOMS
    • D03D13/00Woven fabrics characterised by the special disposition of the warp or weft threads, e.g. with curved weft threads, with discontinuous warp threads, with diagonal warp or weft
    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06BTREATING TEXTILE MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS, GASES OR VAPOURS
    • D06B3/00Passing of textile materials through liquids, gases or vapours to effect treatment, e.g. washing, dyeing, bleaching, sizing, impregnating
    • D06B3/10Passing of textile materials through liquids, gases or vapours to effect treatment, e.g. washing, dyeing, bleaching, sizing, impregnating of fabrics
    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06CFINISHING, DRESSING, TENTERING OR STRETCHING TEXTILE FABRICS
    • D06C9/00Singeing
    • D06C9/02Singeing by flame
    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06MTREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
    • D06M11/00Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising
    • D06M11/07Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with halogens; with halogen acids or salts thereof; with oxides or oxyacids of halogens or salts thereof
    • D06M11/11Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with halogens; with halogen acids or salts thereof; with oxides or oxyacids of halogens or salts thereof with halogen acids or salts thereof
    • D06M11/155Halides of elements of Groups 2 or 12 of the Periodic Table
    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06MTREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
    • D06M11/00Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising
    • D06M11/32Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with oxygen, ozone, ozonides, oxides, hydroxides or percompounds; Salts derived from anions with an amphoteric element-oxygen bond
    • D06M11/36Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with oxygen, ozone, ozonides, oxides, hydroxides or percompounds; Salts derived from anions with an amphoteric element-oxygen bond with oxides, hydroxides or mixed oxides; with salts derived from anions with an amphoteric element-oxygen bond
    • D06M11/38Oxides or hydroxides of elements of Groups 1 or 11 of the Periodic Table
    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06MTREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
    • D06M11/00Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising
    • D06M11/32Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with oxygen, ozone, ozonides, oxides, hydroxides or percompounds; Salts derived from anions with an amphoteric element-oxygen bond
    • D06M11/50Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with oxygen, ozone, ozonides, oxides, hydroxides or percompounds; Salts derived from anions with an amphoteric element-oxygen bond with hydrogen peroxide or peroxides of metals; with persulfuric, permanganic, pernitric, percarbonic acids or their salts
    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06MTREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
    • D06M15/00Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
    • D06M15/19Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with synthetic macromolecular compounds
    • D06M15/37Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • D06M15/643Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds containing silicon in the main chain
    • D06M15/6436Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds containing silicon in the main chain containing amino groups
    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06PDYEING OR PRINTING TEXTILES; DYEING LEATHER, FURS OR SOLID MACROMOLECULAR SUBSTANCES IN ANY FORM
    • D06P1/00General processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or general processes of dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the dyes, pigments, or auxiliary substances employed
    • D06P1/16General processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or general processes of dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the dyes, pigments, or auxiliary substances employed using dispersed, e.g. acetate, dyestuffs
    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06PDYEING OR PRINTING TEXTILES; DYEING LEATHER, FURS OR SOLID MACROMOLECULAR SUBSTANCES IN ANY FORM
    • D06P1/00General processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or general processes of dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the dyes, pigments, or auxiliary substances employed
    • D06P1/38General processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or general processes of dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the dyes, pigments, or auxiliary substances employed using reactive dyes
    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06PDYEING OR PRINTING TEXTILES; DYEING LEATHER, FURS OR SOLID MACROMOLECULAR SUBSTANCES IN ANY FORM
    • D06P3/00Special processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the material treated
    • D06P3/82Textiles which contain different kinds of fibres
    • D06P3/8204Textiles which contain different kinds of fibres fibres of different chemical nature
    • D06P3/8223Textiles which contain different kinds of fibres fibres of different chemical nature mixtures of fibres containing hydroxyl and ester groups
    • D06P3/8238Textiles which contain different kinds of fibres fibres of different chemical nature mixtures of fibres containing hydroxyl and ester groups using different kinds of dye
    • D06P3/8252Textiles which contain different kinds of fibres fibres of different chemical nature mixtures of fibres containing hydroxyl and ester groups using different kinds of dye using dispersed and reactive dyes
    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06PDYEING OR PRINTING TEXTILES; DYEING LEATHER, FURS OR SOLID MACROMOLECULAR SUBSTANCES IN ANY FORM
    • D06P5/00Other features in dyeing or printing textiles, or dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form
    • D06P5/02After-treatment
    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06MTREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
    • D06M2101/00Chemical constitution of the fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, to be treated
    • D06M2101/02Natural fibres, other than mineral fibres
    • D06M2101/04Vegetal fibres
    • D06M2101/06Vegetal fibres cellulosic
    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06MTREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
    • D06M2101/00Chemical constitution of the fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, to be treated
    • D06M2101/16Synthetic fibres, other than mineral fibres
    • D06M2101/30Synthetic polymers consisting of macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • D06M2101/32Polyesters
    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D10INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10BINDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B2101/00Inorganic fibres
    • D10B2101/10Inorganic fibres based on non-oxides other than metals
    • D10B2101/12Carbon; Pitch
    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D10INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10BINDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B2201/00Cellulose-based fibres, e.g. vegetable fibres
    • D10B2201/01Natural vegetable fibres
    • D10B2201/02Cotton
    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D10INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10BINDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B2331/00Fibres made from polymers obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. polycondensation products
    • D10B2331/04Fibres made from polymers obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. polycondensation products polyesters, e.g. polyethylene terephthalate [PET]

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Treatments For Attaching Organic Compounds To Fibrous Goods (AREA)

Abstract

A process for preparing the permanent antistatic fabric includes such steps as inspecting raw fabric, sewing, singeing, cold stacking, short-steaming, washing with water, dyeing and post-treating, and features that the polyacrylonitrile PAN-base carbon fibre is implanted to pure or polyester cotton yarn to obtain grey cloth. The processing method is simple to operate, and the processed fabric can realize permanent antistatic.

Description

Processing method of permanent anti-static fabric
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of textile industry, relates to a processing method of all-cotton and polyester-cotton fabrics, and particularly relates to a processing method of a permanent anti-static fabric. The processing method is simple to operate, and the processed fabric can realize permanent antistatic.
Background
At present, most of antistatic fabrics required by operation in special industries or special environments are all made of all-cotton or polyester-cotton woven fabrics, other related fibers or chemical auxiliaries are added, and proper dyeing and finishing equipment and processing technology are selected to enable the antistatic fabrics to meet the requirements of certain special operation environments or product standards. The antistatic fabric is widely applied to the industrial fields of petroleum, chemical engineering, electronics, electricity, mineral exploitation, aerospace, medicine and health and the like and civil departments, and particularly effectively protects the life safety of operators and the safety of production facilities in special environments of fire prevention, explosion prevention, precise electronics, aerospace manufacturing and the like. At the present stage, the textile fabric achieves the purpose of static electricity prevention by using conductive fiber materials or special after-finishing.
The invention patent with publication number CN105269900A discloses 'an antistatic functional fabric and a preparation method thereof', the fabric is composed of a surface fabric on the upper surface, a bottom fabric on the lower surface and a middle fabric between the surface fabric and the bottom fabric; the surface layer, the middle layer and the bottom layer are bonded by adopting polyvinyl chloride; the surface fabric is formed by interweaving 30-50 parts of terylene and 50-70 parts of chinlon in parts by weight, the bottom fabric is formed by interweaving 50-70 parts of long stapled cotton, 10-15 parts of degummed silk and 5-10 parts of antistatic silk in parts by weight, and the middle fabric is formed by interweaving 5-10 parts of carbon fiber, 10-20 parts of mercerized wool and 2-5 parts of chitin fiber in parts by weight. Therefore, the preparation method is to blend and interweave short fibers of carbon fibers, long stapled cotton, delustered silk, mercerized wool and chitin fibers and then bond the short fibers, the long stapled cotton, the delustered silk, the mercerized wool and the chitin fibers by using polyvinyl chloride, so that the laminated fabric is prepared. Thus, there are outstanding contradictions between the production process length and the cost increase, the increase of the lamination thickness and the reduction of the softness and comfort, the industrial washing of the antistatic clothing and the reduction of the lamination fastness, and no solution is given in the patent.
Development of antistatic high-grade worsted fabrics such as yaoyugizhen, plum blossom, etc. (J) wool spinning technology, 2004 (2): 47-49, through screening the conductive fiber, making and implementing the process parameters and process route, it points out that the carbon black composite organic conductive fiber-filament and short fiber with good textile performance and antistatic performance can realize permanent antistatic of the worsted fabric. The paper shows a development process of antistatic fabrics for wool and wool blended fabrics, and is not suitable for the development and production of polyester-cotton blended or interwoven antistatic fabrics, and the antistatic effect of carbon fibers in a high-temperature high-alkali process cannot be verified. In addition, the paper does not answer the key problems of improving the antistatic performance of the fabric, improving the tensile and oxidation resistance of the carbon fiber, increasing the softness of the fabric and the like.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a processing method of a permanent antistatic fabric for solving the problems, the processing method is simple to operate and suitable for industrial large-scale production, and the prepared fabric can realize permanent antistatic.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for realizing the purpose is as follows:
a method for processing a permanent antistatic fabric comprises the steps of blank inspection, seam turning, singeing, cold piling, short steaming and water washing, dyeing, post-treatment and preshrinking, and polyacrylonitrile PAN-based carbon fiber is implanted into pure cotton yarns or polyester cotton yarns to be woven into grey cloth.
The implantation of the polyacrylonitrile PAN-based carbon fiber on the pure cotton yarn or the polyester cotton yarn is specifically as follows: during weaving, polyacrylonitrile PAN-based carbon fibers are respectively embedded into warps and wefts, 1 polyacrylonitrile PAN-based carbon fiber is embedded into the warps every 0.9cm, and one polyacrylonitrile PAN-based carbon fiber is embedded into the wefts every 0.9 cm.
During singeing, a gas singeing machine is adopted, 4 fire holes are controlled, and two fire holes are positive and two fire holes are negative; the flame temperature is 1000 ℃ and 1200 ℃; the speed is 100-; and cold running water is introduced into the three rollers behind the tail end fire hole.
Hard water material is adopted during cold reactor, and the cold reactor working solution comprises 30-35 g/L100% NaOH and 100% H2O217-19g/L of CPS new scouring agent 9g/L, PCC-A8 penetrating agent 3 g/L; the cold batch melting sequence is as follows: adding 300L of hard water into a material tank, heating to 70-75 ℃, sequentially adding a PCC-A8 penetrating agent, a CPS new refining agent, caustic soda and hydrogen peroxide; controlling the liquid carrying rate to be 78-82%, and stacking temperature: stacking at 45-50 ℃ for 18-24 hours at room temperature, wherein the cloth shaft rotates at 8-12 rpm; the material melting sequence in the cold batch process is defined, thereby avoiding the personal harm caused by improper material melting and simultaneously avoiding the personal harm caused by improper material meltingThe ineffective decomposition of hydrogen peroxide is avoided.
And during short steaming washing, two-lattice 90-DEG C washing, padding working solution, saturated steaming for 5-10min, two-lattice 90-DEG C washing, soaping and four-lattice 90-DEG C washing are sequentially carried out.
The working solution comprises a cracking agent NC 3-5g/L, H2O2100 percent of 3-5g/L, the temperature of the working solution is 45-50 ℃, and the rolling residue rate is 70-80 percent; the temperature of the working liquid in the rolling groove is controlled to be 45-50 ℃ all the time, so that the aims of improving the permeability of the working liquid and shortening the temperature rise time of the cloth cover in the steam box are achieved under the condition of avoiding the over-fast ineffective decomposition of hydrogen peroxide, and the good effect of the steam can be ensured.
During soaping, the soaping liquid comprises 1g/L of chelating dispersant and 3-5g/L of cracking agent NC.
The post-treatment process comprises the steps of padding dyed grey cloth with finishing liquid, drying and preshrinking, wherein the finishing liquid is prepared by mixing 5-8g/L, CGF g of industrial magnesium chloride, 5-8g/L of hydrophilic amino silicone oil, 30-40g/L of ULTRAPHIL TG-01 moisture absorption and sweat releasing agent and 18-22g/L of ZEOSTAT EP antistatic agent, and the pH value of the finishing liquid is controlled to be 5.5-6.8; through a special after-finishing process and a special formula, the anti-bending and anti-oxidation performance of the carbon fibers is improved by blending and applying on the surface of the fabric, the softness, comfort, water absorption and air permeability of the fabric are improved, and the anti-static effect and durability are enhanced. The process flow comprises the following steps: one-dip one-roll (liquid carrying rate 65%) → baking (130-.
During dyeing, carrying out one-bath dyeing on the dye and SCD liquid disperse dye; the conventional reactive dye and the SCD liquid disperse dye are selected for one-bath dyeing, and particularly the SCD liquid disperse dye is selected, so that reduction cleaning with caustic soda and sodium hydrosulfite as a formula is omitted, the discharge amount of chemicals in printing and dyeing wastewater is greatly reduced, and meanwhile, the processing cost of enterprises is saved.
The dyeing process comprises soaping, wherein an SP soaping agent is selected during soaping, before use, the SP soaping agent is diluted by cold water by 8-10 times, and then the SP soaping agent is added into a soaping tank according to 8-10% of the total consumption of the dye, and the soaping temperature is 90-95 ℃. Compared with the existing product, the application effect of the method is that the consumption of the reactive dye is reduced by 11.4%, the soaping cost is reduced by 40%, and the chroma of the wastewater is reduced by 60%. Preferably SP-28 soaping agent, compared with the conventional soaping agent, the SP-28 soaping agent has small dispersion force, cannot strip off the dye dyed on the fiber, and can reduce the using amount of the reactive dye by 11.4 percent; the wastewater contains an oxidant, so that the floating color in the water can be adsorbed and oxidized and decomposed, and the chromaticity of the wastewater can be reduced by 60%; and because the product is high-concentration solid particles, the soaping cost can be reduced by 40 percent.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention achieves the requirement of subsequent dyeing by a pretreatment process of cold piling and water washing on the basis of grey cloth woven by implanting pure cotton yarns or polyester cotton yarns into polyacrylonitrile PAN (polyacrylonitrile) based carbon fibers, and simultaneously achieves the purposes of energy conservation, consumption reduction and environmental protection; the permanent antistatic effect is realized, and the tensile and oxidation resistance of the carbon fiber and the flexibility of the fabric are improved through a special after-finishing process formula.
The invention also has the following advantages:
the manufacturing method has the advantages that in order to increase the tear strength of the fabric and prolong the service time of the fabric, polyester cotton fabric is selected for permanent anti-static processing;
the static of the fabric is greatly enhanced by adding the polyester fibers, so that the polyacrylonitrile PAN-based carbon fibers are embedded into the fabric in the weaving process to reduce the static of the fabric, and the arrangement intervals of the carbon fibers in the warp direction or the weft direction are 0.9 cm;
thirdly, in order to reduce the shrinkage of the carbon fiber under the conditions of high temperature, strong alkali, humidity and heat, improve the bending resistance, the stretching resistance and the oxidation resistance of the carbon fiber, and in order to shorten the production time and reduce the use and the discharge of chemical additives, a pretreatment process of cold stacking and water washing is selected;
since the SCD liquid disperse dye is selected, reduction cleaning with caustic soda and sodium hydrosulfite as a formula is omitted, the discharge amount of chemicals in printing and dyeing wastewater is greatly reduced, and meanwhile, the processing cost is saved for enterprises;
during dyeing and soaping, selecting a high-concentration solid SP soaping agent with low dispersing power and strong oxidative decomposition on the floating color, so that the use amount of the reactive dye is reduced by 11.4%, the soaping cost is reduced by 40%, and the chroma of the wastewater is reduced by 60%;
sixthly, selecting a special after-finishing formula, further improving the antistatic level and durability of the fabric, and improving the bending and stretching resistance and oxidation resistance of the polyacrylonitrile PAN-based carbon fiber.
In addition, the softness comfort level, the water absorption and moisture absorption performance and the air permeability of the fabric are also obviously improved.
Detailed Description
The invention provides a processing method of chemical-proof fabric for solving the problem that the prior art can not realize the production of the chemical-proof all-cotton fabric conforming to EN14325, and the invention is further explained by combining the specific embodiment.
Detailed description of the preferred embodiments
1. Comprises the following components:
50-60% of high-quality high-count combed cotton, 40-50% of high-quality polyester staple fiber and polyacrylonitrile PAN-based carbon fiber.
2. And (3) organization specification:
the fabric is designed according to the specifications of certain petrochemical companies, and the specifications of the fabric are shown in detail.
3. Color: the sample rate is more than or equal to grade 4.
4. Antistatic performance:
polyacrylonitrile PAN (polyacrylonitrile) based carbon fiber is uniformly woven in the fabric, and the polyacrylonitrile PAN based carbon fiber is an imported product. The charge quantity and the washing resistance of the antistatic fabric must meet the B-level requirement of the standard GB 12014-2009: the charged charge quantity is less than 0.6uC, and the washing resistance time is more than or equal to 33 h.
5. The execution standard is as follows:
the antistatic index meets the B-level technical standard of GB12014-2009 antistatic working clothes; the product safety technical grade conforms to GB18401-2003 national basic safety technical Specification for textiles class B: the content of free formaldehyde is less than or equal to 75mg/kg, the content of volatile formaldehyde per square meter space is not more than 0.1 mg, the pH value is 4.0-7.5, and the minimum of color fastness to washing, perspiration fastness, friction fastness and the like is not less than grade 3.
Example 1
1. The specification of the fabric is as follows:
j45+ A45 + A133X 72, T65% C35%, plain weave (the ratio of terylene to cotton is 65: 35, the specification of the yarn is 12tex, the twist direction is Z twist, the twist is 900-
② 32/2+ A X32/2 + A100X 53, C60% T40%, twill (in the polyester-cotton blended yarn, the ratio of polyester to cotton is 40: 60)
2. The main equipment is as follows:
MH012-20 type gas singeing machine, tin-free giant cold rolling machine, MH552C-180 open width water washing desizing machine, LM-172 straight roller clip mercerizing machine, ZLQER991-180 type continuous padding machine, MONFORTS-328 tentering machine, LMA-451B preshrinking finishing machine
3. The process flow comprises the following steps:
singeing → cold batch → short steaming + washing → mercerizing → dyeing → antistatic finishing → preshrinking → finished fabric.
3.1 singeing
In order to increase the line definition and the smoothness of the fabric, reduce the friction in the wearing process and avoid the generation of static electricity, the hair feathers on the front side and the back side of the fabric are required to be removed by a singeing machine, and the singeing is carried out by gas.
3.1.1 technological parameters:
fire hole: 4, two positive and two negative, flame temperature: at the temperature of 1000-.
3.1.2 Process analysis:
singeing is an important process for determining the quality and style of the fabric, and the quality of the singeing is limited by various process parameters such as temperature, vehicle speed, time and the like. The singeing temperature is the key for determining singeing quality, the cloth surface is easy to singe at low temperature and low speed, and the singeing effect is poor, so that high-temperature and rapid singeing is usually adopted.
Secondly, the number of times of singeing on the front and back sides is set according to the requirements of the specification, quality and style of the fabric. The company masters that the singeing of plain cloth and poplin is two positive and two negative, and twill, yarn card and Huadanni require three positive and three negative or three positive and one negative. The singeing smoothness (singeing grade) was mastered at grade 3-4 or grade 4.
Thirdly, three rollers behind the fire hole at the tail end, the length of each roller is 2.2 meters,The volumes are all 1.7m3Cold running water is introduced, the running water mode is reverse flow, and the water flow speed is 6 m/h. The purpose of this is to reduce the cloth cover temperature of the polyester cotton fabric rapidly, and prevent the risks of the carbon fiber contained in the fabric such as strong shrinkage, reduced bending and stretching degree at high temperature, and loss of conductivity due to oxidation of the oxidation gas in a workshop.
3.2 Cold Stack
The permanent antistatic polyester-cotton fabric contains starch slurry and small amount of modified PVC slurry as main slurry. The purpose of this process is: the sizing agent is removed completely, and simultaneously, the oil stain and the dirt generated in the weaving process are removed completely, so that the burden of boiling off in the next procedure is reduced, and the formula of the selected auxiliary agent requires good permeation, emulsification and cleaning effects.
With the continuous improvement of the requirements for energy conservation and emission reduction, the cold-rolling stack technology is widely concerned and applied, but the key points are the control of the liquid carrying amount, the uniformity, the use concentration of chemicals and the like, and how to select and control the use amount of the chemical additives, so that the given index of the production process can be achieved, the excessive use of the chemical additives is avoided, and the burden of sewage treatment is increased, which is the key point concerned by the technical scheme of the invention, and the following solving measures are designed.
3.2.1 technical formula:
Figure BDA0001633191100000081
3.2.2 melting Material sequence:
adding hard water 300L in a material cylinder → raising the temperature to 70-75 ℃ → adding a PCC-A8 penetrating agent → adding a CPS new refining agent → adding caustic soda → adding hydrogen peroxide.
3.2.3 Stacking conditions:
stacking temperature: 45-50 ℃, stacking time: the cloth shaft rotating speed is 8-12rpm for 18-24 hours.
3.2.4 description of the Process
Firstly, heating to 70-75 ℃: the printing and dyeing factories adopt saturated steam for heating, the temperature is 120-130 ℃, and the research shows that the hydrogen peroxide in contact with the gas blowing pipe can be rapidly decomposed by directly using the saturated steam for heating, so that hard water required by the chemical materials must be heated firstly. In addition, because the penetrating agent and the refining agent are arranged in the formula, the auxiliary agent in the formula is added firstly and then heated, so that a large amount of foam escapes, the operation accuracy is not facilitated, and the personal safety of material melting personnel is also harmed;
② the refining agent has the main functions of emulsification and cleaning, and has small permeation. Therefore, a PCC-A8 penetrant is required to be added to enable the cold batch working fluid to permeate into the fabric more quickly, fully and uniformly;
thirdly, when the materials are dissolved, the operations are carried out according to the sequence, the concentration and the temperature, and various auxiliary agents in the formula can generate good synergistic interaction, so that the desizing effect is the best.
The process has the advantages that: the use effect is stable, and particularly, the inner-layer difference and the outer-layer difference caused by over-low temperature can be avoided in winter; the type and the dosage of the chemical auxiliary agent are low, the discharge of COD in sewage is reduced, the working intensity of chemical material workers is reduced, and the enterprise is facilitated to save the production cost; in the chemical auxiliary agents, the dosage of hydrogen peroxide is reduced, the risk of generating holes is reduced, and the strength of the fabric is improved.
3.3, short steaming and washing:
after cold piling, high-humidity heat treatment and high-efficiency water washing are required to be enhanced to ensure that the quality of the semi-finished product meets the requirements of dyeing or printing. In the aspect of the auxiliary agent, the environment-friendly desizing agent, the refining agent and other low-dosage high-performance products which are suitable for the cold rolling process are preferred; in the aspect of equipment, efficient rolling, washing, steaming and the like which are suitable for a cold rolling stack process are preferably selected through a unit machine and optimized combination, such as a high liquid supply device, a combined steaming box, efficient washing equipment and the like. After cold piling, impurities such as sizing agent, oil agent and the like on the fabric are emulsified and decomposed, become loose and are easily dissolved in water, and then 'short steaming water washing' is carried out,
3.3.1 technical formula (g/L)
The formula of mangle comprises the following steps:
Figure BDA0001633191100000091
② the formula (g/L) of the soaping tank:
chelate dispersant 1
Cracking agent NC 3-5
3.3.2 Process flow:
washing at 90 ℃ in two lattices → padding working solution → saturated steam for 5 to 10 minutes → washing at 90 ℃ in two lattices → soaping → washing at 90 ℃ in four lattices.
3.3.3 description of the Process:
firstly, regarding the problem that after the flour material is piled, the steam is good or the hot bath is good, the steam process is adopted, and the residue such as slurry and the like can be better removed by washing with boiling water after the steam process is adopted.
② the decomposition rate of the hydrogen peroxide can be increased along with the temperature rise. The temperature of the working solution in the rolling groove is controlled to be 45-50 ℃, so that the aims of improving the permeability of the working solution, shortening the temperature rise time of the cloth cover in the steam box and finally ensuring that the steam can obtain good effect are achieved under the condition of avoiding the over-fast ineffective decomposition of hydrogen peroxide.
The cracking agent NC is a clay-containing compound, has better suspension, dispersion and anti-sticking effects, and can replace a blending system of a refining agent and a penetrating agent, so that the processing cost is lower;
and fourthly, adding a chelating dispersant into the soaping tank to disperse impurities dissolved in water and prevent the impurities from being re-adhered to the cloth cover for the second time.
And fifthly, washing the cold piled fabric with short steaming water, wherein the whiteness is 76 percent, and the capillary effect is 10.8cm/30min, so that the requirement of subsequent dyeing is met.
3.4, mercerizing
The mercerization aims to change the crystallinity of the cotton fiber, improve the wetting uniformity of the cotton fiber, increase the color absorbing capacity, facilitate the adsorption and diffusion of dye and ensure that the surface of the fabric obtains uniform dyeing effect and color fastness. In addition, the residual hairiness on the surface of the fabric is removed, so that the friction coefficient of the fabric is smaller.
3.4.1 technological parameters:
vehicle speed: 40-45m/min (caustic dip time: 30-50s), caustic soda concentration: 240-280g/L, alkalinity recovery: 45-50g/L, temperature of a horizontal washing tank: the temperature of two grids is 95 ℃, the temperature of three grids is 80 ℃, and the temperature of other grids is 65 ℃, and the overflow flows backwards.
3.5 dyeing
The special tooling fabric has the functions meeting the use requirements and also has special requirements on light fastness and chlorine fastness. At present, most special tool fabrics are dyed by using active dyes, vat dyes or disperse dyes with excellent performance.
In the scheme of the invention, the polyester cotton permanent antistatic fabric is dyed by selecting the reactive dye and the SCD liquid disperse dye. The SCD liquid disperse dye has the characteristics of large molecular weight, high affinity to polyester fiber, small contamination to cotton fiber, easy cleaning and good fastness. Experimental tests show that the SCD liquid disperse dye can achieve the dyeing depth of the conventional powder disperse dye when used for dyeing polyester staple fibers, and the washing fastness reaches grade 4 of ISO-1050C06 standard. The formula and the process are as follows:
3.5.1 dyeing recipe
Reactive dye 22.4-33.6g/l
SCD liquid disperse dye 25.6-38.4g/l
pH value (adjusted by acetic acid) 5-5.5
3.5.2 soaping formula
Diluting the SP soaping agent by 8-10 times with cold water, adding the SP soaping agent into a soaping tank according to 8-10% of the dye dosage in the formula, wherein the soaping temperature is 90-95 DEG C
3.5.3 Process flow disperse/reactive dyeing
Padding a dye solution → pre-baking → baking (180-. Padding liquor refers to all classes of dyes required for one-bath dyeing.
3.5.4 Process analysis
The SCD liquid disperse black and the ECT powder disperse black are basically consistent in terms of color light and dyeing depth.
② comparison of effects of SP-28 soaping agent and other similar products
The SP-28 soaping agent has the characteristics that: firstly, the soap lotion contains special solubilizing components, so that the dissolving amount of floating color in the soap lotion can be improved by 30 percent, and meanwhile, the adverse effect of overhigh salt content in the soap lotion on the soap effect is eliminated; secondly, the soaping agent contains cation adsorption components, so that the soaping agent only selectively adsorbs anion loose color of undyed fibers, and the damage to the dye of the dyed fibers is avoided, thereby increasing the utilization rate of the dye; thirdly, the wastewater contains efficient oxidation components, the washing times of 2 times can be reduced, the floating color in the wastewater is decomposed, and the decomposition rate reaches 70%;
TABLE 1 comparison of the effectiveness of SP-28 soaping agent with other similar products
Figure BDA0001633191100000121
Note: the standard sample refers to the effect of the soaping agent FRD-99 as a standard or reference substance, and the effect of other soaping agents is tested and evaluated.
The comparison test result of the soaping agent shows that the SP-28 soaping agent is obviously higher than other similar products in DL value, wastewater chromaticity, cotton staining and dry rubbing fastness.
Testing effect of SP-28 soaping agent on polyester cotton antistatic fabric
In the scheme of the invention, the polyester-cotton antistatic fabric is prepared by carrying out one-bath padding, drying and baking on an active dye and an SCD liquid disperse dye, and then detecting the effect of an SP-28 soaping agent, wherein the test results are shown in Table 2:
TABLE 2 Effect test of SP-28 soaping agent on polyester-cotton antistatic fabrics
Figure BDA0001633191100000131
Note: fastness to washing: reference is made to GB/T3921.3-1997 colour fastness to washing in the textile colour fastness test: test 3. test with a gray sample card for staining of the assessment points. Rubbing fastness: the color is graded by a grey sample card by using the color staining of a rating point according to the measurement of GB/T3920-1997 color fastness to rubbing of textile.
According to the experimental test results, after the polyester fiber is dyed by the reactive dye and the SCD liquid disperse dye, the polyester fiber dyeing and wet rubbing fastness of the SP-28 soaping agent are better than those of caustic soda-sodium hydrosulfite washing. Therefore, the factors such as the fastness to washing, the fastness to rubbing, the COD content in the wastewater, the processing cost and the like are considered in multiple ways, and the SP-28 soaping agent is selected to replace the traditional caustic soda-sodium hydrosulfite cleaning process in the scheme of the invention.
3.6 post-finishing
After the polyester cotton antistatic fabric is dyed, the antistatic performance and the soft comfort level are difficult to meet the higher-level antistatic requirement and need to be further improved; the bending resistance and the oxidation resistance of the carbon fiber also need to be improved so as to prolong the service time of the garment material; in addition, the softness of the fabric also needs to be improved. Therefore, the polyester cotton antistatic fabric must be subjected to after-treatment.
3.6.1 technical formula:
Figure BDA0001633191100000141
the pH value of the antistatic finishing liquid is controlled to be 5.5-6.8
3.6.2 Process flow:
padding (with liquid rate 65%) → drying and baking one-step method (130-
3.6.3 description of the process:
industrial magnesium chloride has strong moisture absorption and can be used as a non-durable antistatic agent in dyeing and finishing industry. The moisture absorption of the fabric is improved by adding a certain amount of magnesium chloride in the formula, so that the antistatic performance of the fabric is improved, and meanwhile, the salt-resistant stability of other added auxiliaries is considered, so that the using amount of the magnesium chloride is controlled to be 5-8 g/L;
experiments prove that the hydrophilic amino silicone oil CGF has good hydrophilicity and cannot generate negative influence on the antistatic performance of the fabric. Therefore, a certain amount of CGF hydrophilic amino silicone oil is added into the formula, so that the stretching resistance and the oxidation resistance of the carbon fibers contained in the fabric are improved;
③ the moisture-absorbing and sweat-releasing agent ULTRAPHIL TG-01 and the antistatic agent ZEOSTAT EP both belong to macromolecular permanent antistatic agents which can be graft copolymerized with polyester-cotton fibers, the former is effective to cotton fibers, and the latter is effective to polyester fibers. The technical scheme further improves the magnitude order and the durability of the antistatic property by blending and applying on the surface of the fabric.
Second, test verification part
1. Combustion discharge of each fabric
TABLE 3
Figure BDA0001633191100000151
2. Fabric surface resistivity detection
TABLE 4
Item Surface resistivity (ohms/sq)
Specification of fabric 1.58×1008
Specification of the fabric 2 2.20×1008
The antistatic fabric plays a role in protecting the life safety of industrial workers, is significant, can bring huge influence by carelessness, and can really ensure the durability and stability of the antistatic performance of the polyester cotton tooling fabric only if the selection of raw materials and the production details are strictly controlled. Therefore, the invention provides a processing method of a polyester-cotton permanent antistatic fabric.
The selection of the dye auxiliary agent and the design of the dyeing and finishing process are undoubtedly the most critical among the factors determining the success rate of the polyester-cotton permanent antistatic fabric. Compared with the common garment fabric, the anti-static fabric has more emphasized functionality and practicability so as to deal with all-weather environment and ensure the safety and health of operating personnel and production facilities. Besides, prolonging the service life, improving the softness and comfort, increasing the air permeability, reducing the use of printing and dyeing industrial products and reducing the discharge of printing and dyeing wastewater are all the technical problems which are primarily considered and mainly solved in the design and production of the scheme of the invention.
Through the detection of the HUNTSMAN laboratory in America (see table 4), the polyester-cotton antistatic fabric produced and processed by the scheme of the invention can meet the requirements of different countries, different industries and different occasions on the stability of the antistatic performance of the safety protection tool, and provides a basic guarantee for the antistatic safety protection tool fabric.
In summary, achieving comfort based on safety and health, specialty based on technological innovation as a carrier, fashion based on fashion trend as a lead, will be a constant pursuit for the development of antistatic fabrics.

Claims (6)

1. A processing method of a permanent antistatic fabric comprises the steps of blank inspection, seam turning, singeing, cold piling, short-steaming water washing, dyeing, post-treatment and preshrinking, and is characterized in that: implanting polyacrylonitrile PAN (polyacrylonitrile) based carbon fiber on pure cotton yarn or polyester cotton yarn, and weaving into grey cloth;
the post-treatment process comprises the steps of padding dyed grey cloth with finishing liquid and drying, wherein the finishing liquid is prepared by mixing 5-8g/L, CGF g of industrial magnesium chloride, 5-8g/L of hydrophilic amino silicone oil, 30-40g/L of ULTRAPHIL TG-01 moisture absorption and sweat release agent and 18-22g/L of ZEOSTAT EP antistatic agent, and the pH value of the finishing liquid is controlled to be 5.5-6.8;
hard water material is adopted during cold reactor, and the cold reactor working solution comprises 30-35 g/L100% NaOH and 100% H2O217-19g/L of CPS new scouring agent 9g/L, PCC-A8 penetrating agent 3 g/L; the cold batch melting sequence is: adding 300L of hard water into a material tank, heating to 70-75 ℃, adding a PCC-A8 penetrating agent, a CPS new refining agent, caustic soda and hydrogen peroxide; the rolling residual rate is 70-80%, and the stacking temperature is as follows: stacking at 45-50 ℃ for 18-24 hours at room temperature, wherein the cloth shaft rotates at 8-12 rpm;
during short steaming washing, two lattices of 90 ℃ washing, padding working solution, saturated steaming for 5-10min, two lattices of 90 ℃ washing, soaping and four lattices of 90 ℃ washing are sequentially carried out;
the working solution comprises a cracking agent NC 3-5g/L, H2O2100 percent of 3-5g/L, the temperature of the working solution is 45-50 ℃, and the rolling residual rate is 70-80 percent.
2. The processing method of the permanent antistatic fabric according to claim 1, wherein the implanting of polyacrylonitrile PAN-based carbon fiber on pure cotton yarn or polyester cotton yarn is specifically as follows: during weaving, polyacrylonitrile PAN-based carbon fibers are respectively embedded into warps and wefts, 1 polyacrylonitrile PAN-based carbon fiber is embedded into the warps every 0.9cm, and one polyacrylonitrile PAN-based carbon fiber is embedded into the wefts every 0.9 cm.
3. The processing method of the permanent antistatic fabric as claimed in claim 1, wherein a gas singeing machine is adopted during singeing, 4 fire holes are controlled, and two are positive and two are negative; the flame temperature is 1000 ℃ and 1200 ℃; the speed is 100-; and cold running water is introduced into the three rollers behind the tail end fire hole.
4. The processing method of the permanent antistatic fabric as claimed in claim 1, wherein the soaping solution comprises 1g/L of chelating dispersant and 3-5g/L of cracking agent NC during soaping.
5. The method for processing a permanent antistatic fabric according to claim 1, wherein the dyeing is carried out by carrying out one-bath dyeing on the fabric with SCD liquid disperse dye.
6. The method for processing a permanent antistatic fabric as claimed in claim 1, wherein the dyeing process comprises soaping, wherein the soaping is performed by selecting SP soaping agent, the SP soaping agent is diluted by 8-10 times with cold water before use, and then added into a soaping tank according to 8-10% of the total dye consumption, and the soaping temperature is 90-95 ℃.
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