CN108504051A - 一种用于硅太阳能电池正银浆料的有机载体及制备方法 - Google Patents
一种用于硅太阳能电池正银浆料的有机载体及制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种用于硅太阳能电池正银浆料的有机载体及制备方法;所述有机载体包含改性松香树脂、至少两种功能型树脂、溶剂、触变剂及助剂;本发明提供的有机载体通过不同功能的树脂间的合理匹配,改善浆料的印刷性能,用本发明有机载体按照一定比例与银粉混合配制的浆料,适用于细线网版印刷,浆料印刷性能优良,提高了电池片的合格率;浆料过墨量大,栅线的塑形能力好,提高浆料的高宽比,从而提高太阳能电池的光电转换效率。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及电子材料技术领域,尤其涉及晶体硅太阳能电池导电正银浆料有机载体及制备方法。
背景技术
随着经济社会的日益发展,人类对能源的需求不断的增长。发展新型可再生能源,是人类解决能源需求问题的重要途径。其中,利用光伏发电开发利用太阳能最为引人注目。而导电银浆是生产太阳能电池的重要原材料。因此研制高效太阳能正银浆料,对于促进我国太阳能电池产业的技术革新,满足未来市场的巨大需求具有重大意义。
晶体硅太阳能正银导电浆料,主要包含银粉、玻璃粉、有机载体及其他助剂。其中有机载体在正银浆料中的含量约为8%-20%,起到使固体的银粉和玻璃粉分散成具有流体特性的浆料的作用,以便浆料能够通过丝网印刷高速、高精度的印刷到承载基体上。有机载体一般有溶剂、增稠树脂、触变剂及其他助剂组成,有机载体的组成直接影响到浆料的印刷性能。目前对于硅太阳能正银浆料,期望浆料印刷性好,印刷线条有更高的高宽比,适应更细的印刷线条。因此为了适应目前对于正银浆料的印刷要求,达到提高硅太阳能电池转换效率的目的,有机载体的组成需要进一步改进。
申请公布号为CN 106928605A的专利:一种用于太阳能电池正银浆料的有机载体及其制备方法,其有机载体为树脂、溶剂和助剂的混合物,所述树脂、溶剂和助剂的质量比为1-2:3-4:0.01-0.05。授权公告号为CN 102810342 B的专利:一种导电浆料用有机载体、有机载体的制备方法及导电浆料,,有机载体包括有机溶剂、有机树脂和添加剂,其中,添加剂包括螯合剂;述螯合剂选自乙二胺四乙酸(EDTA)、二亚乙基三胺五乙酸(DTPA)、反式1,2-二胺基环己烷四乙酸(CD TA)或(亚乙二氧基)二亚乙基二次氨基四乙酸(EGTA)中的一种或几种。但采用的成分及配比仍不能达到很好的塑型能力、较大地提高浆料的高宽比。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于,克服现有技术中存在的缺陷,提供一种用于硅太阳能电池正银浆料的有机载体,改善浆料的印刷性能,适用于细线网版印刷,浆料印刷性能优良,提高了电池片的合格率;浆料过墨量大,栅线的塑形能力好,提高浆料的高宽比,提高太阳能电池的光电转换效率。
为实现上述目的,本发明的技术方案是设计一种用于硅太阳能电池正银浆料的有机载体,有机载体包含溶剂、改性松香树脂、含极性基团对银粉有亲和作用的树脂、具塑型功能的树脂及助剂;溶剂的含量为55%-85%,改性松香树脂的量为0-20%,含极性基团对银粉有亲和作用的树脂含量为0%-10%,具塑型功能的树脂含量为0%-10%,所述助剂的量为2%-10%。
进一步的技术方案是,溶剂选自醇酯-12、丁基卡必醇、丁基卡必醇醋酸酯、己二酸二甲酯、戊二酸二甲酯、乙二醇苯醚及柠檬酸三丁酯中的至少一种。
进一步的技术方案为,含极性基团对银粉有亲和作用的树脂选自羟基丙烯酸树脂、聚乙烯吡咯烷酮、聚乙烯醇缩丁醛、醛酮树脂及乙基纤维素树脂中的至少一种。
进一步的技术方案为,具塑型功能的树脂选自聚酯树脂、醋酸丙酸纤维素酯树脂、醋酸丁酸纤维素酯树脂、聚酯改性丙烯酸树脂、聚苯醚树脂、聚氨酯树脂及聚酰胺树脂中的至少一种。
进一步的技术方案为,助剂包括触变剂和润湿分散剂;触变剂选自改性氢化蓖麻油、聚酰胺蜡中的至少一种;所述润湿分散剂选自烷基铵盐型阳离子表面活性剂、聚醚改性共聚物及高级脂肪酸中的至少一种。润湿分散剂还可以是byk180或迪高655。
制备所述有机载体的方法,包括以下步骤:
(1)按照配比量称量各组分;
(2)先将溶剂、改性松香树脂、含极性基团对银粉有亲和作用的树脂及具塑型功能的树脂加入到搅拌装置内,加热搅拌,温度控制在40-80℃,搅拌转速为1000-2000r/min,时间30-180min;使树脂完全溶解形成均一的溶液体系;
(3)加入触变剂,继续进行搅拌分散,温度控制在40-80℃,搅拌转速为2000-3000r/min,时间30-180min;搅拌完成后自然冷却到室温;
(4)最后加入润湿分散剂,室温下用乳化机搅拌分散使分散剂均匀的分散在上述体系中;乳化机转速为2000-4000转,时间10-60min。
本发明的优点和有益效果在于:本发明通过不同功能树脂的合理匹配,制备了一种正银浆料有机载体,改善浆料的印刷性能。使用该有机载体配制的正银浆料适用于细线网版印刷,浆料印刷性能优良,提高了电池片的合格率;浆料过墨量大,栅线的塑形能力好,提高浆料的高宽比,从而提高太阳能电池的光电转换效率。
具体实施方式
下面结合实施例,对本发明的具体实施方式作进一步描述。以下实施例仅用于更加清楚地说明本发明的技术方案,而不能以此来限制本发明的保护范围。
实施例一:
本发明是一种用于硅太阳能电池正银浆料的有机载体,其组成为:乙基纤维素3%,聚酯树脂5%,聚氨酯树脂3%,松香改性树脂10%,丁基卡必醇醋酸酯41%,醇酯十二32%,烷基铵盐型阳离子表面活性剂6%(均为重量百分比)。
制备方法如下:
(1)按配比称取各组分
(2)先将溶剂加入到搅拌装置中,再将乙基纤维素、聚酯树脂、聚氨酯树脂、改性松香树脂加入到搅拌装置中,1000r/min搅拌分散,在60℃溶解60min得到均一的溶液
(3)室温下加入烷基铵盐型阳离子表面活性剂,乳化机3000r/min乳化分散10min。
实施例二:
与实施例一的不同仅在于,有机载体的组成为:聚乙烯醇缩丁醛2%,乙基纤维素3%,松香改性树脂5%,聚酰胺树脂5%,乙二醇苯醚20%,己二酸二甲酯15%,丁基卡必醇醋酸酯40%,byk180为2%,聚酰胺蜡粉8%。
制备方法如下:
(1)按配比称取各组分
(2)先将溶剂加入到搅拌装置中,再将聚乙烯醇缩丁醛、乙基纤维素、聚氨酯树脂、改性松香树脂加入到搅拌装置中,2000r/min搅拌分散,在80℃溶解60min得到均一的溶液
(3)再加入聚酰胺蜡粉,在60℃,3000r/min搅拌分散60min得到膏状物
(4)室温下加入byk180,乳化机4000r/min乳化分散10min。
实施例三:
与实施例一的不同仅在于,有机载体的组成为:羟基丙烯酸树脂5%、醛酮树脂6%,醋酸丁酸纤维素酯树脂5%,改性松香树脂20%,醇酯-12为30%,丁基卡必醇25%,改性氢化蓖麻油6%,烷基铵盐型阳离子表面活性剂3%。
制备方法如下:
(1)按配比称取各组分
(2)先将溶剂加入到搅拌装置中,再将羟基丙烯酸树脂、醛酮树脂、醋酸丁酸纤维素酯树脂、改性松香树脂加入到搅拌装置中,2000r/min搅拌分散,在60℃溶解60min得到均一的溶液
(3)再加入改性氢化蓖麻油,在40℃,2000r/min搅拌分散60min得到膏状物
(4)室温下加入烷基铵盐型阳离子表面活性剂,乳化机2000r/min乳化分散60min。
实施例四:
与实施例一的不同仅在于,有机载体的组成为:聚乙烯吡咯烷酮5%,聚苯醚树脂5%,乙二醇苯醚40%,丁基卡必醇醋酸酯40%,改性氢化蓖麻油5%,烷基铵盐型阳离子表面活性剂5%。
制备方法如下:
(1)按配比称取各组分
(2)先将溶剂加入到搅拌装置中,再将聚乙烯吡咯烷酮,聚苯醚树脂加入到搅拌装置中,2000r/min搅拌分散,在60℃溶解60min得到均一的溶液
(3)再加入改性氢化蓖麻油,在40℃,2000r/min搅拌分散60min得到膏状物
(4)室温下加入烷基铵盐型阳离子表面活性剂,乳化机2000r/min乳化分散60min。
对比例一:
参照CN 106928605A的专利制备而成。
对比例二:
参照CN 102810342 B的专利制备而成。
下表是采用不同实施例及对比例制成的有机载体制成后的正银浆料的各项指标对比情况:
高宽比 | 断栅比例 | 印后线宽 | 线宽极限 | |
实施例1 | 0.51 | 1 | 35 | 30 |
实施例2 | 0.60 | 2 | 37 | 30 |
实施例3 | 0.49 | 2 | 37 | 32 |
实施例4 | 0.51 | 1 | 35 | 33 |
对比例1 | 0.39 | 5 | 40 | 35 |
对比例2 | 0.38 | 6 | 45 | 40 |
其中,印后线宽是设计网版为32时印刷之后的线宽,线宽极限指正银浆料印刷后细线最细的线宽的极限值(线宽单位:um);断栅比例为一片光伏电池片上断栅的根数。
以上所述仅是本发明的优选实施方式,应当指出,对于本技术领域的普通技术人员来说,在不脱离本发明技术原理的前提下,还可以做出若干改进和润饰,这些改进和润饰也应视为本发明的保护范围。
Claims (6)
1.一种用于硅太阳能电池正银浆料的有机载体,其特征在于,所述有机载体包含溶剂、改性松香树脂、含极性基团对银粉有亲和作用的树脂、具塑型功能的树脂及助剂;所述溶剂的含量为55%-85%,改性松香树脂的量为0-20%,含极性基团对银粉有亲和作用的树脂含量为0%-10%,具塑型功能的树脂含量为0%-10%,所述助剂的量为2%-10%。
2.如权利要求1所述的一种用于硅太阳能电池正银浆料的有机载体,其特征在于,所述溶剂选自醇酯-12、丁基卡必醇、丁基卡必醇醋酸酯、己二酸二甲酯、戊二酸二甲酯、乙二醇苯醚及柠檬酸三丁酯中的至少一种。
3.如权利要求2所述的一种用于硅太阳能电池正银浆料的有机载体,其特征在于,所述含极性基团对银粉有亲和作用的树脂选自羟基丙烯酸树脂、聚乙烯吡咯烷酮、聚乙烯醇缩丁醛、醛酮树脂及乙基纤维素树脂中的至少一种。
4.如权利要求3所述的一种用于硅太阳能电池正银浆料的有机载体,其特征在于,所述具塑型功能的树脂选自聚酯树脂、醋酸丙酸纤维素酯树脂、醋酸丁酸纤维素酯树脂、聚酯改性丙烯酸树脂、聚苯醚树脂、聚氨酯树脂及聚酰胺树脂中的至少一种。
5.如权利要求4所述的一种用于硅太阳能电池正银浆料的有机载体,其特征在于,所述助剂包括触变剂和润湿分散剂;触变剂选自改性氢化蓖麻油、聚酰胺蜡中的至少一种;所述润湿分散剂选自烷基铵盐型阳离子表面活性剂、聚醚改性共聚物及高级脂肪酸中的至少一种。
6.制备如权利要求1至5中任一项所述有机载体的方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:
(1)按照配比量称量各组分;
(2)先将溶剂、改性松香树脂、含极性基团对银粉有亲和作用的树脂及具塑型功能的树脂加入到搅拌装置内,加热搅拌,温度控制在40-80℃,搅拌转速为1000-2000r/min,时间30-180min;使树脂完全溶解形成均一的溶液体系;
(3)加入触变剂,继续进行搅拌分散,温度控制在40-80℃,搅拌转速为2000-3000r/min,时间30-180min;搅拌完成后自然冷却到室温;
(4)最后加入润湿分散剂,室温下用乳化机搅拌分散使分散剂均匀的分散在上述体系中;乳化机转速为2000-4000转,时间10-60min。
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