CN108497225A - 一种具有缓解体力疲劳功能的植物饮料及制备方法 - Google Patents
一种具有缓解体力疲劳功能的植物饮料及制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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- CN108497225A CN108497225A CN201810086191.6A CN201810086191A CN108497225A CN 108497225 A CN108497225 A CN 108497225A CN 201810086191 A CN201810086191 A CN 201810086191A CN 108497225 A CN108497225 A CN 108497225A
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- fructus amomi
- deer whip
- sealwort
- mulberry fruit
- rhizoma imperatae
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Abstract
本发明提供一种具有缓解体力疲劳功能的植物饮料，由鹿鞭、桑椹、黄精、白茅根、砂仁制成的，本发明由纯天然药物配制而成，处方简单，经药效试验，配伍的协同效果确切，对疲劳有很好的恢复作用，临床症状消失迅速，无任何毒副作用，具有较高的安全性，患者恢复正常后，可以停药而不易复发。
Description
技术领域
本发明公开的一种具有缓解体力疲劳功能的植物饮料，同时还提供了该植物饮料的制备方法，属于功能植物饮料制备方法技术领域。
背景技术
疲劳是由于机体过度运动、环境因素及心理超负荷压力等引起的一系列不适症状，其患病年龄分布比较广泛，大多发生在体力劳动者、学生及从事脑力劳动的人群中，主要表现为记忆力差、注意力不集中，抑郁、自卑、紧张和不满意等心理和社会特征。人们通常通过服用一些中草药来延缓或阻止疲劳的发生及加快疲劳的恢复，其中，单味中药有人参、灵芝、冬虫夏草等；中药复方制剂有四物汤、复方灵芝制剂、冬虫夏草制剂、人参复合制剂等。此类药物对疲劳不适症状的产生有一定治疗和缓解作用，但以上制剂多为治疗药物，且存在不能长期服用的缺点。
发明内容
本发明公开的一种具有缓解体力疲劳功能的植物饮料，本着平调机体阴阳的宗旨，采用鹿鞭、桑椹、黄精、白茅根及砂仁等中药配伍改善疲劳症状。
本发明所述的一种具有缓解体力疲劳功能的植物饮料，其特征在于是由以下药物按重量份数比制成的：
鹿鞭400~1200、桑椹400~2000、黄精400~2000、白茅根400~2000、砂仁200~800
本发明所述的一种具有缓解体力疲劳功能的植物饮料的制备方法，其特征在于：
按上述比例称取原料，加入8~12倍于药材量的水煎煮二~四次，每次1小时~3小时，滤过，合并滤液，浓缩至相对密度1.25~1.55（室温下），即得。
【用法用量】1~3次/日；5~30g/次
【适应症】机体过度运动、环境因素及心理超负荷压力等引起的一系列不适症状
本发明方解如下：依据我国中医理论，精选鹿鞭、桑椹、黄精、白茅根及砂仁等五味中药，其中，鹿鞭，味甘、咸，性温，归肝、肾、膀胱三经，有补肾、壮阳、益精、活血之功效；主要用于抗疲劳、增强精力、改善性功能、提高生育力等，无毒副作用；现代研究表明鹿鞭中所含维生素B1、B2、铁、铜、锌等多种生物酶的必需组成成分，参与机体内蛋白酶及糖代谢，降低心肌和骨骼肌的耗氧量，发挥抗疲劳作用，为方中君药。桑椹味甘、酸，性寒。归心、肝、肾经；具有滋阴补血，生津润燥的作用；主要治疗肝肾阴虚，眩晕耳鸣，心悸失眠，须发早白，津伤口渴，内热消渴，肠燥便秘等症；《本草纲目》记载，桑椹味甘，性微寒，能生津，有滋阴补血、安魂镇神之功效；现代药理学研究表明，桑椹中富含蛋白质、人体必需的氨基酸、总糖、游离酸、粗纤维、维生素、矿物质等多种功能成分，具有调节免疫力、促进造血干细胞生长、抗氧化、降血脂、抗癌、延缓衰老、改善新陈代谢等药理作用，为方中臣药。黄精味甘，归脾、肺、肾经。具有补气养阴，健脾，润肺，益肾的作用；主要治疗脾胃气虚，体倦乏力，胃阴不足，口干食少，肺虚燥咳，劳嗽咳血，精血不足，腰膝酸软，须发早白，内热消渴等症；现代药理学研究表明，黄精多糖高能延长小鼠的力竭时间，具有抗疲劳的功效；对小鼠肝糖原含量的影响研究中表明，小鼠肝糖原含量呈显著上升趋势，说明黄精多糖能提高机体的运动能力，具有缓解体力疲劳功效，为方中臣药。白茅根味甘，寒；归肺、胃、膀胱经；具有凉血止血，清热利尿的作用；用于血热吐血，衄血，尿血，热病烦渴，湿热黄疸，水肿尿少，热淋涩痛等症，为方中佐药。砂仁味辛，性温。归脾、胃、肾经；具有化湿开胃，温脾止泻，理气安胎作用；用于湿浊中阻，脘痞不饥，脾胃虚寒，呕吐泄泻，妊娠恶阻，胎动不安等症；最早记载砂仁功效的是唐代甄权的《药性论》，其文曰：“化湿开胃，理气止痛。”《本草纲目》：“补肺醒脾，噎嗝呕吐。”李时珍：“肾恶燥，以辛润之，缩砂仁之辛，以润肾燥”；《黄帝内经》曰：“肾恶燥，即食辛以润之；现代研究表明，砂仁具有顺气解郁之功效，可辅助提高机体免疫力，缓解体力疲劳，为方中佐药。诸药合用，共起缓解体力疲劳之功效。
本发明的积极效果在于：由纯天然药物配制而成，处方简单，经药效试验，配伍的协同效果确切，对疲劳有很好的恢复作用，临床症状消失迅速，无任何毒副作用，具有较高的安全性，患者恢复正常后，可以停药而不易复发。
具体实施方式
通过以下实施例进一步举例描述本发明，并不以任何方式限制本发明，在不背离本发明的技术解决方案的前提下，对本发明所作的本领域普通技术人员容易实现的任何改动或改变都将落入本发明的权利要求范围之内。
实施例1
取鹿鞭400g、桑椹1500g、黄精1200g、白茅根1500g、砂仁600g，加入10倍于药材量的水煎煮三次，每次1小时，滤过，合并滤液，浓缩至相对密度1.35~1.45（室温下），即得，共制成1000g膏。
实施例2
取鹿鞭1000g、桑椹400g、黄精1400g、白茅根1600g、砂仁800g，加入10倍于药材量的水煎煮三次，每次1.5小时，滤过，合并滤液，浓缩至相对密度1.35~1.45（室温下），即得，共制成1000g膏。
实施例3
取鹿鞭1200g、桑椹1500g、黄精400g、白茅根1500g、砂仁600g，加入10倍于药材量的水煎煮两次，每次2小时，滤过，合并滤液，浓缩至相对密度1.35~1.45（室温下），即得，共制成1000g膏。
实施例4
取鹿鞭1000g、桑椹2000g、黄精1200g、白茅根400g、砂仁600g，加入10倍于药材量的水煎煮两次，每次1小时，滤过，合并滤液，浓缩至相对密度1.35~1.45（室温下），即得，共制成1000g膏。
实施例5
取鹿鞭800g、桑椹1000g、黄精2000g、白茅根1200g、砂仁200g，加入10倍于药材量的水煎煮三次，每次2小时，滤过，合并滤液，浓缩至相对密度1.35~1.45（室温下），即得，共制成1000g膏。
实施例6
取鹿鞭800g、桑椹1500g、黄精1000g、白茅根1500g、砂仁400g，加入10倍于药材量的水煎煮三次，每次1.5小时，滤过，合并滤液，浓缩至相对密度1.35~1.45（室温下），即得，共制成1000g膏。
实施例7
取鹿鞭800g、桑椹1200g、黄精1000g、白茅根2000g、砂仁200g，加入12倍于药材量的水煎煮两次，每次3小时，滤过，合并滤液，浓缩至相对密度1.35~1.45（室温下），即得，共制成1000g膏。
实施例8
取鹿鞭1000g、桑椹1300g、黄精800g、白茅根1500g、砂仁600g，加入12倍于药材量的水煎煮三次，每次2小时，滤过，合并滤液，浓缩至相对密度1.35~1.45（室温下），即得，共制成1000g膏。
实施例9
取鹿鞭1000g、桑椹1500g、黄精800g、白茅根1500g、砂仁400g，加入12倍于药材量的水煎煮三次，每次1.5小时，滤过，合并滤液，浓缩至相对密度1.35~1.45（室温下），即得，共制成1000g膏。
通过以下试验进一步说明本发明的药效：
1 实验材料
1.1动物
健康雄性昆明种小鼠，6～8周龄，体重19.0～22.0g，由吉林大学实验动物研究中心提供，动物合格证号：SCXK（吉）-2017-0005。
1.2试剂与试药
鹿鞭由吉林省长生鹿业有限公司提供，桑椹、黄精、白茅根、砂仁均购自于亳州万草堂中药饮片有限公司；肝糖原、肌糖原、乳酸脱氢酶（lactate dehydrogenase，LDH）、血乳酸（blood lactic acid blood lactate，LAC）、血尿素氮（blood urea nitrogen，BUN）试剂盒均购于南京建成生物工程研究所。
1.3仪器
小鼠游泳器(有机玻璃，50cm×50cm×40cm)、加热棒、负重铅丝(长春宏宇化工有限公司)；电子天平(梅特勒－托利多仪器有限公司)。
2 实验方法
2.1样品制备
（1）鹿鞭-桑椹水提液组：取鹿鞭、桑椹适量，加8~12倍量水煎煮三次，每次1.5小时，滤过，合并滤液，浓缩，即得。
（2）鹿鞭-白茅根水提液组：取鹿鞭、白茅根适量，加8~12倍量水煎煮三次，每次1.5小时，滤过，合并滤液，浓缩，即得。
（3）鹿鞭-桑椹-砂仁水提液组：取鹿鞭、桑椹、砂仁适量，加8~12倍量水煎煮三次，每次1.5小时，滤过，合并滤液，浓缩，即得。
（4）鹿鞭-白茅根-砂仁水提液组：取鹿鞭、白茅根、砂仁适量，加8~12倍量水煎煮三次，每次1.5小时，滤过，合并滤液，浓缩，即得。
（5）鹿鞭-桑椹-砂仁-黄精水提液组：取鹿鞭、桑椹、黄精、砂仁适量，加8~12倍量水煎煮三次，每次1.5小时，滤过，合并滤液，浓缩，即得。
（6）鹿鞭-白茅根-砂仁-黄精水提液组：取鹿鞭、白茅根、砂仁、黄精适量，加8~12倍量水煎煮三次，每次1.5小时，滤过，合并滤液，浓缩，即得。
（7）植物饮料的制备：取实施例1~9样品各10g，溶于50ml水中，摇匀，即得。
2.2动物分组、造模及给药
取雄性小白鼠160只，体重18~22g，用国家标准啮齿类动物干燥饲料适应性喂养2d，自由摄食饮水，室温25℃±2℃，相对湿度50%~60%，光线明暗交替各12h。将小鼠随机分为空白对照组（生理盐水）、鹿鞭-桑椹水提液组、鹿鞭-白茅根水提液组、鹿鞭-桑椹-砂仁水提液组、鹿鞭-白茅根-砂仁水提液组、鹿鞭-桑椹-砂仁-黄精水提液组、鹿鞭-白茅根-砂仁-黄精水提液组及植物饮料组（实施例1~9）共计16组，每组10只。连续灌胃30d，平均每3d进行1次体重测量。
2.3小鼠运动耐力的影响
各组在最后1次给药30min后，每组各取5只，在小鼠尾部负荷相对于体重5%的铅皮，置于25.0℃±1℃的游泳器中负重游泳。以小鼠游泳至头部深入水中10s不再浮起结束，记录小鼠竭力游泳时间。
2.4运动小鼠肝糖原和肌糖原含量活力测定
各组在最后1次给药30min后，将小鼠尾部负荷相对于体重5%的铅块，放入25.0℃±1℃的水中游泳60min出水后休息30min眼眶取血肝素抗凝，立即脱颈椎处死。取肝脏和肌肉样本各100mg，用生理盐水2ml漂洗后滤纸吸干，按标本质量（mg）：碱液体积（μl）＝1:3（即肝脏、肌肉100mg与300μl碱水）加入试管中，每管匀浆5min，匀浆液以3500r·min-1离心10min，上清液置沸水浴煮20min，流水冷却，加入蒸馏水定溶。按试剂盒要求加入试剂。混匀后置沸水中煮5min，冷却后于620nm波长，1cm光径，测定各管吸光度（A）值。
2.5运动小鼠LDH活力及LAC、BUN含量测定
各组在最后1次给药30min后，将小鼠尾部负荷相对于体重5%的铅块，放入25.0℃±1℃℃的水中游泳60min及游泳60min后休息30min各眼眶取血1次。所得血液样品加入0.3ml蛋白沉淀剂，对号加入0.1ml肝素抗凝后轻轻颠倒混匀，静置10min后，以3500r·min-1离心8min，分离血清。分别采用LAC、BUN、LDH相关试剂盒并按要求测定。
2.6统计学分析
采用SPSS13.0统计软件进行统计学处理，计量资料以表示。各组间力竭游泳时间、肝糖原、肌糖原、LDH、LAC和BUN等指标比较采用单因素方差分析。
3.结果
3.1灌胃对小鼠体重的影响
各组小鼠活泼，精神状态良好，皮毛光滑，未见任何不良反应。各组小鼠的体重增加比较一致。表明在给定的试验条件下，灌胃未对小鼠生长造成影响，结果见表1~2。
表1灌胃症状表现
表2小鼠体重变化表（单位：g）
3.2对小鼠运动耐力的影响
与空白对照组比较，鹿鞭水提液组、桑椹水提液组、黄精水提液组、白茅根-砂仁水提液组小鼠负重游泳时间均明显延长（P＜0.05），表明鹿鞭、桑椹、黄精、白茅根-砂仁均具有提高小鼠运动耐力作用。植物饮料组（实施例1~9）与空白对照组比较有极显著差异（P＜0.05），与其它四组药液比较差异有显著性（P＜0.05），结果表明本发明配伍使用能够达到更好的抗疲劳作用。见表3。
表3 不同给药组对小鼠负重游泳时间的影响（n＝16，）
* p＜0.05，** p＜0.01与空白对照组比较；（下同）
7.3.3对运动小鼠肝糖原、肌糖原、LDH、LAC和BUN的影响
与空白对照组比较，给药组运动后小鼠肝糖原、肌糖原水平明显提高，可为机体提供更多能源物质。且明显提高运动小鼠LDH活力、降低LAC及BUN含量水平（p＜0.05）。见表4。
表4不用药液对小鼠游泳后肝糖原、肌糖原、LDH、LAC及BUN的影响（n＝16，）
4结论
4.1本发明植物饮料具有很强的抗疲劳保健功能，通过药效学试验证明使用鹿鞭-桑椹水提液组、鹿鞭-白茅根水提液组、鹿鞭-桑椹-砂仁水提液组、鹿鞭-白茅根-砂仁水提液组、鹿鞭-桑椹-砂仁-黄精水提液组、鹿鞭-白茅根-砂仁-黄精水提液组及植物饮料组（实施例1~9）均具有运动耐力，且后者运动耐力最强。经统计学处理其与空白对照组比较，有极显著性差异（p＜0.05）。
4.2本发明中通过对肝糖原、肌糖原、LDH、LAC及BUN等生化指标的测定，证明了本发明抗疲劳作用显著。
4.3整个实验过程中，小鼠的活动状态无异常，且检测过程中生化指标均无异常，对受试动物健康无明显影响，具有较高的安全性。
Claims (2)
1.一种具有缓解体力疲劳功能的植物饮料，其特征在于是由以下药物按重量份数比制成的：
鹿鞭400~1200、桑椹400~2000、黄精400~2000、白茅根400~2000、砂仁200~800。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种具有缓解体力疲劳功能的植物饮料的制备方法，其特征在于：
按上述比例称取鹿鞭、桑椹、白茅根、黄精、砂仁，加入10倍于药材量的水煎煮三次，每次1.5小时，滤过，合并滤液，浓缩至相对密度1.35~1.45（室温下），即得，共制成1000g膏。
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