CN108489493B - Navigation method of general aviation aircraft - Google Patents
Navigation method of general aviation aircraft Download PDFInfo
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- CN108489493B CN108489493B CN201810229475.6A CN201810229475A CN108489493B CN 108489493 B CN108489493 B CN 108489493B CN 201810229475 A CN201810229475 A CN 201810229475A CN 108489493 B CN108489493 B CN 108489493B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01C—MEASURING DISTANCES, LEVELS OR BEARINGS; SURVEYING; NAVIGATION; GYROSCOPIC INSTRUMENTS; PHOTOGRAMMETRY OR VIDEOGRAMMETRY
- G01C21/00—Navigation; Navigational instruments not provided for in groups G01C1/00 - G01C19/00
- G01C21/20—Instruments for performing navigational calculations
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S13/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of radio waves, e.g. radar systems; Analogous systems using reflection or reradiation of waves whose nature or wavelength is irrelevant or unspecified
- G01S13/86—Combinations of radar systems with non-radar systems, e.g. sonar, direction finder
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Abstract
The invention discloses a navigation method of a general aviation aircraft, which can provide a step-layered real-time dynamic air navigation chart for the aircraft through a plurality of sets of navigation monitoring systems covering a flight area arranged on the ground in a networking way and an airborne ip data transfer voice response radio station system arranged on the aircraft, so that the flight personnel can master the air flight path and the air situation of the surrounding flight, and can know the safety track of the flight in real time, thereby really realizing the safe flight of the general aviation in practice. In addition, the method can also enable the black box data of the aircraft to land so as to be convenient for rapidly knowing the true phase of the accident when an air crash or an abnormal accident occurs.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of general aviation, in particular to a navigation method of a general aviation aircraft.
Background
General Aviation (GA) refers to civil Aviation activities other than public Aviation transportation using civil aircrafts, including operation and flight activities in the fields of industry, agriculture, forestry, fishery and construction industry, medical health, emergency rescue and relief, meteorological detection, ocean monitoring, scientific experiments, education training, cultural sports and the like.
The general aviation industry is a strategic emerging industrial system which takes general aviation flight activities as a core and covers the whole industrial chain of general aircraft research, development and manufacture, market operation, comprehensive guarantee, extended service and the like.
With the development of the technology, the application of the general aviation is more and more extensive, and the development of the general aviation and the opening of the airspace are the key points. The airspace is not opened, the general aircraft can not smoothly fly up, and all work of general aviation can not be promoted. The main difficulties faced by the current low-altitude airspace management reform are: the contradiction between air defense safety and low-altitude opening, the influence of airspace resource planning on the low-altitude airspace opening, lack of legal responsibility definition, unsound operation management system and imperfect flight service guarantee conditions. In addition, a plurality of important limited areas are arranged in part of regions, and the pressure of air defense safety is high, so that the monitoring of low, slow and small flying targets of general aviation is of great importance to the aviation safety. In general, the problems of ' invisible, unable to connect and unable to manage ' exist in the cooperative and non-cooperative targets of the low-altitude airspace aircraft with small and slow speed ', which seriously restrict the opening of the low-altitude airspace and the development of related industries, so that an effective low-altitude airspace aircraft full-time-domain and full-airspace seamless navigation monitoring system is urgently needed to be established.
In addition, after a crash accident occurs, the aircraft is often disassembled, even burned by intense fire, and when people go to the scene for rescue, a black box known as a "witness" of the crash is usually searched, so that evidence can be provided for investigators, and the investigators can be helped to know the true phase of the accident. However, since the place where the air crash accident occurs is uncertain, the black box may be found in places with inconvenient traffic or severe environment, which not only makes the black box difficult to find, but also greatly prolongs the time for knowing the true phase of the accident.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems in the prior art and provides a navigation method of a general aviation aircraft, which can provide a step-layered real-time dynamic air navigation map for the aircraft, so that a flight crew can master the flight path and the surrounding flight situation in the air, and can know the flight safety track in real time, thereby really realizing the safe flight of the general aviation in practice. In addition, the method can also enable the black box data of the aircraft to land so as to be convenient for rapidly knowing the true phase of the accident when an air crash or an abnormal accident occurs.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a method of navigation of a generic aerospace vehicle, comprising the steps of:
(1) an airborne ip data transmission voice response radio station system is arranged on an aircraft, a plurality of sets of navigation monitoring systems covering a flight area are arranged on the ground in a networking manner, and each set of navigation monitoring system comprises a three-coordinate phased array radar monitoring system and a ground navigation system;
(2) when the aircraft flies, an airborne ip data transmission voice response radio station system sends a voice signal and a data signal of the aircraft to a ground navigation system nearest to the aircraft; acquiring flight parameters of the aircraft by a three-coordinate phased array radar monitoring system closest to the aircraft, and sending the flight parameters to a ground navigation system;
(3) after receiving the voice signal, the ground navigation system monitors and responds to the voice signal; after receiving the data signals and the flight parameters, carrying out fusion processing on the data signals and the flight parameters, superposing processed fusion information to a stepped layered standard navigation map with the depth of below 3000m preset in a ground navigation system to form a real-time dynamic air navigation map, and sending the real-time dynamic air navigation map to an airborne ip data transmission voice response radio station system;
(4) and the airborne ip data transmission voice response radio station system outputs and displays a real-time dynamic aerial navigation chart, and the aircraft navigates through the real-time dynamic aerial navigation chart.
The ground navigation system comprises a ground data transmission voice response radio station system and a ground processing system, wherein the ground data transmission voice response radio station system is used for receiving voice signals and data signals, monitoring and responding the received voice signals and sending the received voice signals and data signals to the ground processing system; the ground processing system is used for receiving and storing flight parameters, voice signals and data signals, a stepped layered standard navigation map with the depth of below 3000m is preset in the ground processing system, the ground processing system performs fusion processing on the flight parameters and the data signals and then superposes the fusion processed flight parameters and the data signals into the stepped layered standard navigation map to form a real-time dynamic air navigation map, and the real-time dynamic air navigation map is sent to an airborne ip data transmission voice response radio station system through a ground data transmission voice response radio station system.
The ground data transmission voice response radio station system comprises a pair of most transmission matrix IC-WCPU processing radio stations, an IP signal coding combined transmitter, a voice response device, a fifth signal amplifier, a sixth signal amplifier, an antenna feed power divider B, a monitor and a response device, wherein:
the one-to-many data transmission matrix IC-WCPU processing radio station is used for identifying voice signals and data signals received by the antenna feeder power divider B and respectively sending the identified voice signals and data signals to the IP signal coding combination transmitter and the ground processing system;
the IP signal coding combined transmitter is used for performing secondary arrangement, comparison and confirmation on the voice signals, judging the identity authentication of the aircraft, and performing confirmation, selection and amplification through the voice responder;
the voice responder is used for outputting three paths of voice signals, the first path of voice signals is sent to the monitor through the fifth signal amplifier for monitoring, the second path of voice signals is sent to the responder through the sixth amplifier for responding, and the third path of voice signals is sent to the ground processing system for storage.
The ground processing system comprises a ground data gateway server, a ground navigation management data fusion operation center server, a memory, a large display screen and a track dynamic track graph former, wherein:
the ground data gateway server is used for carrying out fusion processing on the received flight parameters and data signals and sending processed fusion information to the ground navigation management data fusion operation center server;
the ground navigation management data fusion operation central server is used for superposing the fusion information with a stepped layered standard navigation map preset in the ground navigation management data fusion operation central server and forming a real-time dynamic air navigation map through a track dynamic track graph former;
the track dynamic track graph former is used for sending a real-time dynamic air navigation graph to an airborne ip data transmission voice response radio station system through a ground data gateway server and a ground data transmission voice response radio station system;
the large display screen is used for displaying a real-time dynamic aerial navigation chart formed by the track dynamic track graph former;
the memory is used for storing voice signals, data signals and flight parameters of the aircraft.
And the ground navigation management data fusion operation center server is connected with the ground operation control platform.
The step-type layered standard navigation chart is a navigation chart which is formed by arranging a flight airspace of 50-3000m in a step-type layered mode with a step pitch of 50m gradually increasing.
The airborne IP data transmission voice response radio station system comprises a voice pickup, a data acquisition device, a signal amplifier, a second signal amplifier, a chip processor, an IP signal coding modem, an antenna feed power divider A and a signal receiver, wherein:
the voice pickup is used for sending voice signals to the chip processor through the first signal amplifier;
the data acquisition unit is used for sending the data signals to the chip processor through the second signal amplifier;
the chip processor is used for carrying out A/D conversion processing on the voice signals and the data signals and respectively outputting the voice signals and the data signals to the IP signal coding modem;
the IP signal coding modem is used for respectively carrying out superposition coding on the voice signal and the data signal and sending the voice signal and the data signal subjected to superposition coding to the ground navigation system through the antenna feed power divider A;
the signal receiver is used for receiving voice response signals and real-time dynamic aerial navigation pictures sent by a ground navigation system through the antenna feeder power divider A, sending the voice response signals to the airborne earphone for receiving and sending the real-time dynamic aerial navigation pictures to the airborne display screen for displaying.
The voice signal output by the chip processor sequentially passes through the first inverse filter amplifier and the third signal amplifier and then enters the IP signal coding modem, the data signal output by the chip processor sequentially passes through the second inverse filter amplifier and the fourth signal amplifier and then enters the IP signal coding modem, and the voice signal and the data signal output by the IP signal coding modem are amplified by the power amplifier and then sent out by the antenna feeder power divider A.
The airborne IP data transmission voice response radio station system also comprises a time control trigger connected with the IP signal coding modem, and the time control trigger is used for controlling the sending of data signals when the voice receiving/sending silent state is realized.
The invention has the advantages that:
1. the invention can provide a step-layered real-time dynamic air navigation map for an aircraft, so that flight personnel can master the flight path and the surrounding flight situation of the flight personnel at a glance, and the flight personnel flying in different airspaces can know the flight safety track of the flight personnel at real time, thereby really realizing the safe flight of general aviation which flies, is managed and can be seen in practice. In addition, the invention can also make the black box data of the aircraft land by receiving and storing the data signal from the aircraft, so as to rapidly know the true phase of the accident when an air crash or an abnormal accident occurs.
2. According to the invention, the flight parameters of each aircraft collected by the three-coordinate phased array radar monitoring system can be compared with the flight data of each aircraft, so that the aircraft is monitored in real time, slow flight or messy flight of the aircraft is prevented, and safety accidents are avoided. In the invention, the ground navigation system is matched with the three-coordinate phased array radar monitoring system, so that the real-time dynamic aerial navigation map is provided for the aircraft, and the ground navigation system can be used as an electronic police to monitor the aircraft in the general aviation field, so as to monitor whether the aircraft violates rules in the flying process in real time, thereby providing a basis for handling the violation or subsequent general aviation policies of departure.
3. The airborne ip data transmission voice response radio station system and the ground navigation system form voice response communication, so that 'air-ground' mutual transmission and intercommunication are realized, response information report is formed with personnel in a monitoring center of a ground aviation department, and related communication such as real-time scheduling, commanding, forecasting and the like of an aerial vehicle in the jurisdiction range is also realized by the ground aviation administration department.
4. The invention mainly realizes that the general aviation can safely fly in low-altitude flight below 3000m, provides reliable and real data for realizing corresponding navigation traffic regulation and system construction, and can really realize the safe flight of the general aviation which flies, manages and sees in practice.
5. The invention can realize the ground-to-air and one-to-many mass-sending instructions through the cooperation of the airborne ip data transmission voice response radio station system and the ground navigation system, so that pilots flying in different airspaces can know the safe and real-time air flight navigation chart of the pilots flying in different airspaces in real time.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a logic diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic block diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a stepped hierarchical standard navigation diagram in accordance with the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic circuit diagram of the airborne ip data transfer voice answering station system of the invention.
FIG. 5 is a schematic circuit diagram of the ground navigation system of the present invention.
Detailed Description
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the invention provides a navigation method of a general aviation aircraft, which comprises the following steps:
(1) the aircraft is provided with an airborne IP data transmission voice response radio station system, a plurality of sets of navigation monitoring systems covering a flight area are arranged on the ground in a networking mode, each set of navigation monitoring system comprises a three-coordinate phased array radar monitoring system and a ground navigation system, and the airborne IP data transmission voice response radio station system and the ground navigation system form a half-duplex IP data transmission and voice response function. Each set of navigation monitoring system is equivalent to a base station and can be used for receiving signals, and a plurality of sets of navigation monitoring systems are matched to cover the flight area of the aircraft.
(2) When any aircraft flies, an airborne ip data transmission voice response radio station system on the aircraft sends voice signals and data signals of the aircraft to a ground navigation system nearest to the aircraft; and acquiring the flight parameters of the aircraft by a three-coordinate phased array radar monitoring system closest to the aircraft, and sending the flight parameters to a ground navigation system.
(3) After receiving the voice signal, the ground navigation system monitors and responds to the voice signal; after the data signals and the flight parameters are received, the data signals and the flight parameters are subjected to fusion processing, processed fusion information is superposed into a stepped layered standard navigation map with the depth of below 3000m preset in a ground navigation system to form a real-time dynamic air navigation map, and the real-time dynamic air navigation map is sent to an airborne ip data transmission voice response radio station system. The step-type layered standard navigation map is a navigation map which is formed by arranging a flight airspace of 50-3000m in a step-type layered mode with a step pitch of 50m gradually increasing.
(4) And the airborne ip data transmission voice response radio station system outputs and displays a real-time dynamic aerial navigation chart, and the aircraft navigates through the real-time dynamic aerial navigation chart.
The ground navigation system comprises a ground data transmission voice response radio station system and a ground processing system, wherein the ground data transmission voice response radio station system is used for receiving voice signals and data signals, monitoring and responding the received voice signals and sending the received voice signals and data signals to the ground processing system; the ground processing system is used for receiving and storing flight parameters, voice signals and data signals, a stepped layered standard navigation map with the depth of below 3000m is preset in the ground processing system, the ground processing system fuses and processes the flight parameters and the data signals and then superposes the fused flight parameters and the data signals into the stepped layered standard navigation map to form a real-time dynamic air navigation map, the real-time dynamic air navigation map is sent to the airborne ip-type digital transmission voice response radio station system through the ground digital transmission voice response radio station system, and the ip-type airborne digital transmission voice response radio station system outputs the real-time dynamic air navigation map to an airborne display screen for displaying, so that the flight personnel can utilize the obtained real-time dynamic air navigation map for navigation.
The ground data transmission voice response radio station system comprises a pair of multi-transmission matrix IC-WCPU processing radio stations, an IP signal coding combined transmitter, a voice responder, a five-number signal amplifier, a six-number signal amplifier, an antenna feeder power divider B, a monitor and a responder, wherein the antenna feeder power divider B is connected with the pair of multi-transmission matrix IC-WCPU processing radio stations, the pair of multi-transmission matrix IC-WCPU processing radio stations are respectively connected with a ground processing system and the IP signal coding combined transmitter, the IP signal coding combined transmitter is connected with the voice responder, the voice responder is respectively connected with the ground processing system, the monitor and the responder, and the voice responder is respectively connected with the monitor and the responder through the five-number signal amplifier and the six-number signal amplifier.
The function of each part in the ground data transmission voice response radio station system is as follows:
and the antenna feed power divider B is used for receiving voice signals and data signals sent by an airborne ip data transmission voice answering radio station system on the aircraft through the receiving oscillator.
The one-to-many data transmission matrix IC-WCPU processing radio station is used for identifying voice signals and data signals received by the antenna feeder power divider B, sending the identified voice signals to the IP signal coding combination transmitter and sending the identified data signals to the ground processing system.
The IP signal coding combined transmitter is used for performing secondary arrangement, comparison and confirmation on the voice signals, judging the identity authentication of the aircraft, and performing confirmation, selection and amplification through the voice responder;
the voice responder is used for outputting three paths of voice signals, the first path of voice signals is sent to the monitor through the fifth signal amplifier for monitoring, the second path of voice signals is sent to the responder through the sixth amplifier for responding, and the third path of voice signals is sent to the ground processing system for storage.
The ground processing system comprises a ground data gateway server, a ground navigation management data fusion operation center server, a memory, a large display screen and a track dynamic track graph former, wherein the stepped layered standard navigation map is preset in the ground navigation management data fusion operation center server, the ground data gateway server is respectively connected with a pair of multi-transmission matrix IC-WCPU processing radio stations, the ground navigation management data fusion operation center server, the large display screen, the track dynamic track graph former, a three-coordinate phased array radar monitoring system and a voice responder, the ground navigation management data fusion operation center server is connected with the track dynamic track graph former, and the track dynamic track graph former is connected with the large display screen. Furthermore, the ground navigation management data fusion operation center server is connected with the ground operation control platform.
The function of each part in the ground processing system is as follows:
the ground data gateway server is used for receiving and storing flight parameters, voice signals and data signals, carrying out fusion processing on the received flight parameters and data signals, and sending processed fusion information to the ground navigation management data fusion operation center server. The fusion processing comprises management of data signals and flight parameters, comparison, supervision, scheduling management and the like of the data signals and the flight parameters, and distribution and storage of information.
The ground navigation management data fusion operation central server is used for superposing the fusion information with a stepped layered standard navigation map preset in the ground navigation management data fusion operation central server and forming a real-time dynamic air navigation map through a track dynamic track graph former.
The track dynamic track graph former is used for sending a real-time dynamic aerial navigation graph to an airborne ip data transmission voice response radio station system through a ground data gateway server and a ground data transmission voice response radio station system, and then the airborne ip data transmission voice response radio station system outputs the real-time dynamic aerial navigation graph to an airborne display screen for displaying.
The large display screen is used for displaying a real-time dynamic aerial navigation chart formed by the track dynamic track graph former.
The memory is used for storing the voice signals, the data signals, the flight parameters and the like of each aircraft received by the ground data gateway server, and the storage and the playback of various signals are realized.
The invention relates to an airborne IP data transmission voice answering radio station system which comprises a voice pickup, a data collector, a first signal amplifier, a second signal amplifier, a third signal amplifier, a fourth signal amplifier, a chip processor, a first inverting filter amplifier, a second inverting filter amplifier, an IP signal coding modem, an antenna feeder power divider A and a signal receiver, wherein the voice pickup is connected with the chip processor through the first signal amplifier, the data collector is connected with the chip processor through the second signal amplifier, the voice output end of the chip processor is connected with the IP signal coding modem through the first inverting filter amplifier and the third signal amplifier in sequence, the data output end of the chip processor is connected with the IP signal coding modem through the second inverting filter amplifier and the fourth signal amplifier in sequence, the IP signal coding modem is connected with the antenna feeder power divider A through a power amplifier, the input end of the signal receiver is connected with the antenna feed power divider A, and the output end of the signal receiver is respectively connected with the airborne earphone and the display screen. The airborne IP data transmission voice answering radio station system also comprises a time control trigger connected with the IP signal coding modem.
The function of each part in the airborne ip data transmission voice response radio station system is as follows:
the voice pickup is used for sending voice signals sent by the flight personnel into the chip processor through the first signal amplifier.
And the data acquisition unit is used for transmitting the data signals in the black box to the chip processor through the second signal amplifier.
The chip processor is a data transmission module ICP chip processor and is used for carrying out A/D conversion processing on voice signals and data signals and respectively outputting the voice signals and the data signals to the IP signal coding modem; the voice signal output by the chip processor enters the IP signal coding modem after sequentially passing through the first inverting filter amplifier and the third signal amplifier, and the data signal output by the chip processor enters the IP signal coding modem after sequentially passing through the second inverting filter amplifier and the fourth signal amplifier.
The IP signal coding modem is used for respectively carrying out superposition coding on the voice signal and the data signal and sending the voice signal and the data signal subjected to superposition coding to the ground navigation system through the transmitting vibrator of the antenna feed power divider A; the voice signal and the data signal output by the IP signal coding modem are amplified by the power amplifier and then sent out by the antenna feed power divider A after being amplified.
The signal receiver is used for receiving a voice response signal and a real-time dynamic aerial navigation map sent by a ground navigation system through the antenna feeder power divider A, sending the voice response signal to an airborne earphone for receiving and sending the real-time dynamic aerial navigation map to an airborne display screen for displaying; the voice response signal is a response to the voice signal sent by the aircraft.
The time control trigger is used for controlling the data signal to be sent out when the voice receiving/sending silence state is realized.
In the present invention, the step-by-step hierarchical standard navigation map refers to a navigation map in which a flight space of 50-3000m is set to be step-by-step in a manner that 50m is used as a step pitch to gradually increase, as shown in fig. 3: a50 m-3000m flight airspace is set into a solid stepped layered navigation chart in a mode that 50m is gradually increased as step pitch, the stepped layered navigation chart is preset in an aviation 'navigation chart' to serve as a bottom layer database 'storage icon', when the aircraft flies in the air, the aircraft is compared and superposed with the 'storage icon' according to the positioning coordinate of the aircraft and coordinate data detected by a three-coordinate phased array radar monitoring system, and a certain layer 'air traffic corridor real-time navigation chart' of the aircraft in the 50-3000m is immediately presented.
Such as: firstly, when the AR-1 type aircraft flies from 150m to 500m, a traffic flight 'navigation map' of the layer in the 500m high altitude and a peripheral situation map of the layer are synchronously presented on a large display screen in the ground processing system and a display screen of the AR-1 type aircraft flying in the air; secondly, when the AR-1 type aircraft flies from 500m to 2000m in the air, a traffic flight 'navigation map' of the layer in 2000m high altitude and a surrounding situation map of the layer are synchronously presented on a large display screen in the ground processing system and a display screen of the AR-1 type aircraft flying in the air. The flight parameters of the data signals of the aircraft flight are detected by the airborne ip data transmission voice response radio station system to the ground data transmission voice response radio station system and the three-coordinate phased array radar monitoring system, the flight parameters are integrated through data networking, and the data signals are overlapped with the bottom stepped layered navigation chart preset by the navigation chart, so that the safe and reliable real-time dynamic air navigation chart of the air traffic flight corridor chart below 3000m in real time is realized.
The working principle of the invention is as follows: a navigation monitoring system consisting of a three-coordinate phased array radar monitoring system and a ground navigation system is distributed on the ground in the flying area of the general aviation aircraft, the navigational monitoring systems are connected via a wireless network such that, when any aircraft flies over the plant networking area, under the coordination of a three-coordinate phased array radar monitoring system, a real-time dynamic aerial navigation chart can be provided for the aircraft according to the data signals of the aircraft, the real-time dynamic aerial navigation map is displayed on an onboard display screen in a ladder layering way, so that the flight personnel can master the flight path and the surrounding flight situation in the air, and can know the flight safety track in real time, therefore, the safe flight that the general aviation flies up, takes charge and is visible in practice is really realized.
The working principle of the airborne ip data transmission voice answering radio station system is described below with reference to fig. 4:
the MIC-1 sensor and the S-1 sensor of the voice pickup are respectively connected with the C sensor1、R1Coupling voice and data signals to a signal amplifier IC1And a second signal amplifier IC2In the method, the voice signal and the data signal are amplified and shaped and respectively pass through C2、C3Coupled to the IC-P chip processor of the data transmission module for signal identification and A/D conversion processing with the two signals. And then, outputting the processed signals in two paths, wherein: one path is a voice signal and passes through C4、R7Coupled to an inverting filter amplifier IC3The signal is processed by inverse filtering, amplifying and shaping, and the signal is processed by IC5And a peripheral circuit R10、RP1Amplifying for the second time in the third signal amplifier, and amplifying for the second time and then passing through C6Outputting to IP signal coding modem for coding, and superposing voice number with IP address codeSignal completion of voice over IP1Characteristic signal of coded data stream, characteristic IP1The identity authentication of the aircraft, namely the related identity authentication codes of the pilot and the owner of the general aviation low-altitude aircraft, is embedded in the coded voice digital signal, and the signal data digital code information passes through a digital linear power amplifier IC7After amplification, the mixture is passed through C9Coupled to an antenna feed power divider A and then transmitted by a transmitting oscillator TX3And emitting the light. Similarly, the other path is the data signal acquired by the airborne system through C5、R8Coupled to a second inverting filter amplifier IC4In the method, inverse filter amplification shaping is performed, and the signal with inverse amplification shaping is passed through IC6And a peripheral circuit R9、RP2Amplifying for the second time in the fourth signal amplifier, and amplifying for the second time and then passing through C7Outputting to IP signal coding modem for coding and superposing to obtain the signal with IP2The data stream digital pulse signal of the address code completes the IP acquisition of airborne data2Characteristic signal of coded data stream, characteristic IP2The identity authentication of an onboard 'black box' of the aircraft, namely the key data and the identity authentication code of the black box of the general aviation low-altitude aircraft, and the characteristic IP are contained in and embedded in the encoded onboard data signal2Under the control of time control trigger, the data flow signal realizes the time division control according to the program instruction embedded in software and passes through the digital linear power amplifier IC7After amplification, the mixture is passed through C9Coupled to the antenna feeder power divider A and then transmitted out through the transmitting vibrator TX3, at this time, the transmitting state is a voice receiving/transmitting silent state, and another function of the instant control trigger is completed: the flight key data is embedded in the voice response state and is sent out in a 'packaging' mode. Therefore, the function of landing the airborne black box is realized, the data of the black box can be found back in the ground monitoring center when the aircraft fails in a special state, and the relevant flight data and state analysis is carried out.
The principle of transmitting information to an airborne ip data transmission voice answering radio station system by a ground navigation system is that a receiving vibrator RX3 in an antenna feeder power divider A receives signals of the ground data transmission voice answering radio station system and the ground three stationsSignature signal in a beacon phased array radar monitoring system via C10Coupled to the signal receiver for signal classification processing: 1) the voice signal is transmitted to the earphone SPK-1 and amplified to airborne flight personnel, and the earphone monitoring function is achieved. 2) The other signal and the IP signal coding modem form navigation real-time flight navigation map information controlled by an IP code element through R-485-1 communication, and real-time dynamic flight path and flight safety navigation map are provided for flight drivers.
The operation of the ground navigation system will be described with reference to fig. 5:
1, after receiving voice response IP digital signals transmitted by various airborne radio stations and time control data packet signals of an airborne black box by a receiving oscillator RX3 of an antenna feeder power divider B, the voice signals and the data signals with different IP addresses are distinguished and processed by a pair of multi-transmission matrix IC-WCPU processing radio stations on the ground, wherein, the IP code signal of the voice response is communicated to the IP signal coding combination emitter through the RJ-485-2 to carry out secondary arrangement comparison and confirmation, the identity authentication of the aerial vehicle is judged, and through RJ-485-3 communication to voice responder to make confirmation selection amplification, and respectively coupling said signal into signal amplifier IC8 and signal amplifier IC9 through C11, C12 and R13 to make amplification, and is coupled and output to a monitor SPK-2 monitor and a responder MIC-n through C12 and C13 for voice response; the ground air traffic control personnel can selectively communicate with the aerial aircraft to answer, so that the ground working personnel can: and the IP is selected to carry out selective calling, group calling, one-to-one calling and one-to-many calling. And the IP code signal of the data is communicated to the ground data gateway server through the RJ-485-1.
And 2, after the voice responder is connected to a ground data gateway server for discrimination through an RJ-485-4 communication protocol, the voice responder is communicated to a memory through an RJ-45-2 to realize the storage and playback of the ground-to-air or air-to-ground voice response.
Transmission and logging of reply data signals and formation of an aerial navigation map are described:
when the air voice signals MIC-1-MIC-n and the time control data packet signals S-1-S-n of the airborne black box and the ground monitoring radar signals are identified by the three-coordinate radar decoding signal processor, the data packet signals with IP address codes formed by the TR radar detection data converter are respectively subjected to RJ-45-1 and RJ-45-9 communication networking and sent to the ground data gateway server for data fusion and comprehensive processing. On one hand, the comprehensively processed fusion information enters a memory through RJ-45-2 to be stored; on the other hand, the fusion information is firstly transmitted to a ground navigation management data fusion operation center server through RJ-45-6 communication, so that the fusion information is superposed on a stepped layered standard navigation map preset in the ground navigation management data fusion operation center server, and then is transmitted to a track dynamic track graph former through RJ-45-5 communication to form a real-time dynamic air navigation map, the real-time dynamic air navigation chart is displayed on a large display screen on one hand, and is communicated to a ground data gateway server through RJ-45-4 on the other hand, the ground data gateway server is communicated to a ground one-to-one multi-transmission matrix IC-WCPU processing radio station through RJ-45-1, and then is transmitted to an airborne display screen through a transmitting vibrator TX3 of an antenna feeder power divider B, so that the real-time dynamic air navigation chart can be obtained on an aircraft flying in the air.
From the points 1, 2 and 3, the invention mainly realizes that the general aviation can safely fly in low-altitude flight below 3000M, simultaneously realizes that corresponding navigation traffic regulation regulations and system construction provide reliable and real data, and can really realize the safe flight that the general aviation flies, manages and sees in practice.
Claims (8)
1. A method of navigation of a generic aerospace vehicle, comprising the steps of:
(1) an airborne ip data transmission voice response radio station system is arranged on an aircraft, a plurality of sets of navigation monitoring systems covering a flight area are arranged on the ground in a networking manner, and each set of navigation monitoring system comprises a three-coordinate phased array radar monitoring system and a ground navigation system;
(2) when the aircraft flies, an airborne ip data transmission voice response radio station system sends a voice signal and a data signal of the aircraft to a ground navigation system nearest to the aircraft; acquiring flight parameters of the aircraft by a three-coordinate phased array radar monitoring system closest to the aircraft, and sending the flight parameters to a ground navigation system;
(3) after receiving the voice signal, the ground navigation system monitors and responds to the voice signal; after receiving the data signals and the flight parameters, carrying out fusion processing on the data signals and the flight parameters, superposing processed fusion information to a stepped layered standard navigation map with the depth of below 3000m preset in a ground navigation system to form a real-time dynamic air navigation map, and sending the real-time dynamic air navigation map to an airborne ip data transmission voice response radio station system;
(4) the airborne ip data transmission voice response radio station system outputs and displays a real-time dynamic aerial navigation chart, and the aircraft navigates through the real-time dynamic aerial navigation chart;
the ground navigation system comprises a ground data transmission voice response radio station system and a ground processing system, wherein the ground data transmission voice response radio station system is used for receiving voice signals and data signals, monitoring and responding the received voice signals and sending the received voice signals and data signals to the ground processing system; the ground processing system is used for receiving and storing flight parameters, voice signals and data signals, a stepped layered standard navigation map with the depth of below 3000m is preset in the ground processing system, the ground processing system performs fusion processing on the flight parameters and the data signals and then superposes the fusion processed flight parameters and the data signals into the stepped layered standard navigation map to form a real-time dynamic air navigation map, and the real-time dynamic air navigation map is sent to an airborne ip data transmission voice response radio station system through a ground data transmission voice response radio station system.
2. The method of navigating a general aviation aircraft according to claim 1, wherein: the ground data transmission voice response radio station system comprises a pair of most transmission matrix IC-WCPU processing radio stations, an IP signal coding combined transmitter, a voice response device, a fifth signal amplifier, a sixth signal amplifier, an antenna feed power divider B, a monitor and a response device, wherein:
the one-to-many data transmission matrix IC-WCPU processing radio station is used for identifying voice signals and data signals received by the antenna feeder power divider B and respectively sending the identified voice signals and data signals to the IP signal coding combination transmitter and the ground processing system;
the IP signal coding combined transmitter is used for performing secondary arrangement, comparison and confirmation on the voice signals, judging the identity authentication of the aircraft, and performing confirmation, selection and amplification through the voice responder;
the voice responder is used for outputting three paths of voice signals, the first path of voice signals is sent to the monitor through the fifth signal amplifier for monitoring, the second path of voice signals is sent to the responder through the sixth amplifier for responding, and the third path of voice signals is sent to the ground processing system for storage.
3. The method of navigation of a general aviation aircraft according to claim 1 or 2, wherein: the ground processing system comprises a ground data gateway server, a ground navigation management data fusion operation center server, a memory, a large display screen and a track dynamic track graph former, wherein:
the ground data gateway server is used for carrying out fusion processing on the received flight parameters and data signals and sending processed fusion information to the ground navigation management data fusion operation center server;
the ground navigation management data fusion operation central server is used for superposing the fusion information with a stepped layered standard navigation map preset in the ground navigation management data fusion operation central server and forming a real-time dynamic air navigation map through a track dynamic track graph former;
the track dynamic track graph former is used for sending a real-time dynamic air navigation graph to an airborne ip data transmission voice response radio station system through a ground data gateway server and a ground data transmission voice response radio station system;
the large display screen is used for displaying a real-time dynamic aerial navigation chart formed by the track dynamic track graph former;
the memory is used for storing voice signals, data signals and flight parameters of the aircraft.
4. A method of navigating a general aviation aircraft according to claim 3, wherein: and the ground navigation management data fusion operation center server is connected with the ground operation control platform.
5. The method of navigating a general aviation aircraft according to claim 1, wherein: the step-type layered standard navigation chart is a navigation chart which is formed by arranging a flight airspace of 50-3000m in a step-type layered mode with a step pitch of 50m gradually increasing.
6. The method of navigation of a general aviation aircraft according to claim 1 or 2, wherein: the airborne IP data transmission voice response radio station system comprises a voice pickup, a data acquisition device, a signal amplifier, a second signal amplifier, a chip processor, an IP signal coding modem, an antenna feed power divider A and a signal receiver, wherein:
the voice pickup is used for sending voice signals to the chip processor through the first signal amplifier;
the data acquisition unit is used for sending the data signals to the chip processor through the second signal amplifier;
the chip processor is used for carrying out A/D conversion processing on the voice signals and the data signals and respectively outputting the voice signals and the data signals to the IP signal coding modem;
the IP signal coding modem is used for respectively carrying out superposition coding on the voice signal and the data signal and sending the voice signal and the data signal subjected to superposition coding to the ground navigation system through the antenna feed power divider A;
the signal receiver is used for receiving voice response signals and real-time dynamic aerial navigation pictures sent by a ground navigation system through the antenna feeder power divider A, sending the voice response signals to the airborne earphone for receiving and sending the real-time dynamic aerial navigation pictures to the airborne display screen for displaying.
7. The general aviation aircraft navigation method of claim 6, wherein: the voice signal output by the chip processor sequentially passes through the first inverse filter amplifier and the third signal amplifier and then enters the IP signal coding modem, the data signal output by the chip processor sequentially passes through the second inverse filter amplifier and the fourth signal amplifier and then enters the IP signal coding modem, and the voice signal and the data signal output by the IP signal coding modem are amplified by the power amplifier and then sent out by the antenna feeder power divider A.
8. The general aviation aircraft navigation method of claim 6, wherein: the airborne IP data transmission voice response radio station system also comprises a time control trigger connected with the IP signal coding modem, and the time control trigger is used for controlling the sending of data signals when the voice receiving/sending silent state is realized.
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