CN108487280B - Counter-force static pressure type open caisson sinking construction method - Google Patents
Counter-force static pressure type open caisson sinking construction method Download PDFInfo
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- CN108487280B CN108487280B CN201810676980.5A CN201810676980A CN108487280B CN 108487280 B CN108487280 B CN 108487280B CN 201810676980 A CN201810676980 A CN 201810676980A CN 108487280 B CN108487280 B CN 108487280B
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D23/00—Caissons; Construction or placing of caissons
- E02D23/08—Lowering or sinking caissons
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D5/00—Bulkheads, piles, or other structural elements specially adapted to foundation engineering
- E02D5/74—Means for anchoring structural elements or bulkheads
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Abstract
The invention discloses a counter-force static pressure type open caisson sinking construction method, which comprises the following steps: arranging a reaction frame at the periphery of the open caisson to be constructed, wherein the reaction frame is provided with a plurality of cross beams positioned above the open caisson, the cross beams are provided with preformed holes, and each preformed hole is correspondingly provided with an upward pulling and penetrating jack; pouring a bottom section of the open caisson in situ, and embedding an anchor rope in a well wall of the bottom section, so that the upper end of the anchor rope penetrates through a preformed hole in the cross beam and an upward pulling penetrating jack above the preformed hole and is anchored to form an upward pulling system; a sinking penetrating jack is arranged between the bottom section and the cross beam to form a sinking system; and the sinking system is utilized to realize the sinking of the bottom section, and the pull-up system is utilized to realize the speed control and the attitude control in the sinking process of the open caisson. The invention has the advantages that: the anchor pile cross beam reaction frame is used for providing sinking force and upward pulling force for the open caisson, so that the sinking speed and the sinking posture of the open caisson can be effectively controlled, and the stability and the safety of open caisson construction under the complex environmental conditions are ensured.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of open caisson construction, in particular to a counter-force static pressure type open caisson sinking construction method.
Background
The open caisson is a construction method for building underground engineering and deeply burying foundations, gradually becomes a common type of a deeply buried underground structure enclosure structure along with the development of modern construction technology and construction machinery, has the advantages of economy, reasonability, simple structure, easy guarantee of engineering quality and the like, and is widely applied to engineering such as underground structures, foundations, foundation pit supports and the like.
The sinking of the open caisson is mainly based on the weight of the open caisson to overcome the frictional resistance between the well wall and the soil and the resistance below the cutting edge and sink to the designed elevation. The selection of the sinking construction method of the open caisson depends on factors such as the size of an engineering field, hydrogeological conditions, the sensitivity of surrounding buildings and the like. Under the condition of a complex stratum or in large open caisson engineering, the frictional resistance between the well wall and the soil and the resistance under the blade foot are difficult to overcome only by the dead weight of the open caisson, so that the open caisson needs to be driven to sink by means of a sinking auxiliary measure.
The common open caisson construction method mostly adopts a weight sinking mode, but the sinking force provided by direct loading modes such as stacking, connecting and building open caisson is limited, and the acting force for promoting the open caisson to sink is provided by a counter-force system in the actual open caisson sinking construction. However, the reaction system adopted in the current construction method of the reaction static pressure type open caisson sinking generally requires a larger construction site, and has larger adverse effect on the surrounding environment and buildings in the construction process; due to complex geological conditions, the sinking speed and the sinking posture of the open caisson are difficult to accurately control, so that the problems of inclined sinking, sudden sinking and the like occur; in addition, the structure is complex, the working procedures of the open caisson construction method are frequently changed, and the open caisson construction method is difficult to be suitable for the situation of quick and stable construction of a large open caisson; in addition, pressure-bearing brackets, precast piles and the like are mostly adopted in common open caisson sinking construction methods, additional acting force can be generated on the wall of the open caisson, and the force applied to the wall of the open caisson is not facilitated.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a counter-force static pressure type open caisson sinking construction method according to the defects of the prior art, the construction method is characterized in that a counter-force frame is arranged on the periphery of the open caisson, the upper end of an anchor cable pre-embedded in the open caisson penetrates through a preformed hole in a cross beam and a pull-up penetrating jack and is anchored to form a pull-up system, and a sinking penetrating jack is arranged between a bottom section and the cross beam to form a sinking system; and the sinking system is utilized to realize the sinking of the bottom section of the open caisson, and the pull-up system is utilized to realize the speed control and the attitude control in the sinking process of the open caisson.
The purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a counter-force static pressure type open caisson sinking construction method is characterized by comprising the following steps: arranging a reaction frame on the periphery of the open caisson to be constructed, wherein the reaction frame is provided with a plurality of cross beams positioned above the open caisson, the cross beams are provided with preformed holes, and pull-up penetrating jacks are correspondingly arranged on the preformed holes; pouring a bottom section of the open caisson in situ, and embedding an anchor rope in a well wall of the bottom section in advance, so that the upper end of the anchor rope penetrates through a preformed hole in the cross beam and the pull-up penetrating jack above the preformed hole and is anchored to form a pull-up system; a sinking penetrating jack is arranged between the bottom section and the cross beam to form a sinking system; and the sinking system is utilized to realize the sinking of the bottom section, and the pull-up system is utilized to realize the speed control and the attitude control in the sinking process of the open caisson.
The setting method of the reaction frame comprises the following steps: and embedding a plurality of anchor piles in soil mass outside the open caisson to be constructed, fixedly installing upright columns on the anchor piles, and erecting the cross beam between the adjacent upright columns to form the reaction frame.
The open caisson structure is characterized in that anchor piles are arranged on two sides of each corner of the open caisson wall respectively, the anchor piles on the two sides of the corner are used for erecting the cross beam as a group, and a preformed hole in the cross beam is formed right above the open caisson wall.
The sinking system realizes the sinking method of the bottom section as follows: and controlling the oil cylinders of the sinking penetrating jacks to simultaneously jack the cross beam upwards, and enabling the cross beam to generate downward reaction force through jacking of the sinking penetrating jacks and act on the well wall of the bottom section so as to enable the bottom section to sink.
When the bottom section sinks for one oil cylinder stroke of the sinking penetrating jack, the oil cylinder of the sinking penetrating jack is retracted and reset, and the cross beam moves downwards for one oil cylinder stroke; jacking the sinking penetrating jack again to sink the next oil cylinder stroke; and repeating the steps until the bottom section is sunk to the designed depth.
The method for realizing the speed control and the attitude control in the sinking process of the open caisson by utilizing the pull-up system comprises the following steps: and after the bottom section sinks to a set depth, removing the sinking penetrating jack and moving the cross beam upwards, pouring a second section of open caisson on the bottom section, continuously sinking the raised open caisson under the action of self weight, and providing an upward pulling force for the open caisson by the upward pulling jack through the anchor cable so as to control the sinking speed of the open caisson.
And when the sinking posture of the open caisson deviates in the sinking process, correcting the sinking posture of the open caisson by controlling the jacking pressure of each lifting jack.
The invention has the advantages that: utilize anchor pile crossbeam reaction frame to provide sinking force and pull-up force for the open caisson, simple structure, construction cost is low, and can effectively control the open caisson sinking speed and the gesture of sinking, avoid appearing the condition such as suddenly sinking or slope, guarantee steady and safety of open caisson construction under complicated environmental condition.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic top view of a counter-force static pressure type sinking construction structure of an open caisson of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the construction of a bottom section of the open caisson in the invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a second section of open caisson constructed in the invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic view of the construction of a third open caisson in the present invention.
Detailed Description
The features of the present invention and other related features are described in further detail below by way of example in conjunction with the following drawings to facilitate understanding by those skilled in the art:
referring to fig. 1-4, the labels 1-8 in the figures are: the device comprises an open caisson 1, a bottom section 1a, a second section of open caisson 1b, a third section of open caisson 1c, an anchor rope 2, anchor piles 3, upright columns 4, a cross beam 5, a sinking penetrating jack 6, an upward pulling penetrating jack 7 and anchor nuts 8.
Example (b): as shown in fig. 1-4, the embodiment specifically relates to a counter-force static pressure type sinking construction method for an open caisson, wherein anchor piles 3 are embedded in a soil body, an anchor pile cross beam reaction frame is installed, anchor cables 2 are embedded in a well wall of the open caisson 1, one extending ends of the anchor piles pass through holes of cross beams 5 and pass through pull-up penetrating jacks 7 to be fixed by anchor nuts 8, a pull-up system is formed by the anchor piles and the reaction frame, and a sinking system is formed by sinking penetrating jacks 6 and the reaction frame to provide pull-up force and sinking force for the open caisson, so that the sinking process of the open caisson is stable and controllable, and sudden sinking or inclination and other situations are avoided.
As shown in fig. 1 to 4, the counter-force static pressure type open caisson sinking construction method in this embodiment is specifically completed by the following steps:
(1) Determining the sinking position and the design elevation of the open caisson 1 according to construction requirements, wherein the open caisson 1 refers to a whole body which comprises a bottom section 1a, a second section of open caisson 1b and a third section of open caisson 1c; an anchor pile 3 is pre-embedded in soil around the designed elevation of the open caisson 1 to form a counter-force ground anchor, a stand column 4 is fixedly installed on the anchor pile 3, the anchor pile 3 is required to be ensured to have enough length to penetrate into the soil to obtain enough frictional resistance, and the upper end surface of the anchor pile 3 is slightly higher than the ground; and a cross beam 5 is fixedly erected between two adjacent upright columns 4, and two preformed holes are formed in the cross beam 5, so that the anchor pile cross beam reaction frame is formed. In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 1, each corner both sides of the 1 wall of a well of open caisson are provided with anchor pile 3 respectively, and use anchor pile 3 of corner both sides to be a set of both ends that are used for supporting beam 5, consequently, the quantity of crossbeam 5 is four, every crossbeam 5 all is located open caisson 1's top, and crossbeam 5 has seted up the preformed hole with 1 position department of the wall of a well coincidence of open caisson mutually on the plane, the preformed hole is seted up directly over the 1 wall of a well of open caisson promptly, so that follow-up anchor pile 3 can run through crossbeam 5 through the preformed hole.
(2) The bottom section 1a of the open caisson 1 is poured on the construction site, a plurality of anchor cables 2 are pre-embedded along the vertical direction of the well wall in the pouring process, and the anchor cables 2 extend out of the well wall of the bottom section 1a, and it needs to be noted that the arrangement positions of the anchor cables 2 and the distribution positions of the preformed holes in the cross beam 5 are in one-to-one correspondence.
(3) After the strength maintenance of the well wall of the bottom section 1a of the open caisson 1 meets the requirement, the sinking penetrating jacks 6 are arranged right above the well wall positions of the anchor cables 2, and the sinking penetrating thousand gold tops 6 and the reaction frame form a sinking system; and (3) installing a pull-up penetrating jack 7 right above the preformed hole of the cross beam 5, enabling the upper end of the anchor cable 2 to extend out of the well wall part to pass through the sinking penetrating jack 6, the preformed hole penetrating through the cross beam 5 and the pull-up penetrating jack 7, and finally fixing the upper end of an oil cylinder of the pull-up penetrating jack 7 by using an anchoring nut 8, so that the pull-up penetrating jack 7 and the reaction frame form a pull-up system. The anchor cable 2, the center line of the sinking penetrating jack 6, the center line of the preformed hole of the cross beam 5 and the center line of the pull-up penetrating jack 7 are strictly ensured to be positioned on the same vertical line, so that the stress of the sinking process of the open caisson 1 is always on the vertical line, and the adverse conditions of inclination and the like of the open caisson are avoided.
(4) And (3) open caisson downward pressing construction:
(4.1) before the sinking, measuring the height difference and the gradient of the bottom section 1a, finely adjusting the pressure of each sinking penetrating jack 6 according to the measurement result, and correcting the sinking posture of the first section of the bottom section 1 a.
And (4.2) during sinking, firstly, loosening the anchoring nut 8 at the upper end of the oil cylinder of the pull-up penetrating jack 7 on the cross beam 5 to enable the pull-up system to be in a non-working state, and not influencing the sinking construction of the bottom section 1 a. The sinking penetrating jack 6 is started to enable the oil cylinder to extend upwards to prop against the cross beam 5, and the cross beam 5 is fixed on the upright post 4, so that the sinking penetrating jack 6 receives the reaction force generated by the cross beam 5 and transmits the reaction force to the adjacent open caisson wall through the sinking penetrating jack, and the bottom section 1a is driven to sink.
(4.3) after the bottom section 1a of the open caisson 1 sinks for one oil cylinder stroke, retracting the oil cylinder of the sinking penetrating jack 6, rotating the cross beam 5 fixed on the upright post 4 downwards for the distance of one oil cylinder stroke, and repeating the sinking operation in the step (4.2) until the bottom section 1a sinks to the designed elevation.
(5) And (3) dismantling the sinking penetrating jack 6, moving the cross beam 5 upwards and fixing, anchoring the anchor cable 2 at the upper end of the oil cylinder of the pulling-up penetrating jack 7 by using the anchoring nut 8, namely opening the pulling-up system, and providing upward tension through the anchor cable 2 to fix the position of the open caisson 1.
(6) Unearthed work is carried out according to the construction requirements, a second section of open caisson 1b is poured, the frictional resistance born by the wall of the open caisson after unearthed work in the open caisson 1 is reduced, the dead weight of the open caisson 1 after the second section of open caisson 1b is poured is increased, the open caisson 1 can sink continuously, the anchor cable 2 provides stable upward pulling force for the open caisson 1 at the moment, the counter force acts on the counter force frame through the upward pulling through jack 7, the open caisson is prevented from sinking suddenly, and the sinking speed of the open caisson is effectively controlled. And continuously pouring and sinking the third open caisson 1c according to the steps until the total height of the open caisson 1 reaches the designed elevation.
(7) And after the sunk well 1 is excavated and stabilized, loosening the anchoring nut 8, removing the sinking penetrating jack 6, the pull-up penetrating jack 7, the upright post 4, the cross beam 5 and the like, shearing off redundant anchor cables above the well wall of the sunk well 1, and finishing the sinking work of the sunk well 1.
It should be noted that the activation of the individual sinking penetrating jacks 6 in step (4.2) is synchronized to ensure that the sinking attitude of the caisson 1 does not tilt. In any sinking process of the open caisson 1, monitoring the sinking speed and the sinking posture of the open caisson 1 in real time: if the sinking speed of the open caisson 1 is too high, stopping sinking and starting a pull-up system to control the sinking speed of the open caisson 1 in time; if the sinking posture of the open caisson 1 is inclined, the step (4.1) can be repeated to correct the sinking posture of the open caisson 1 in time.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the anchor cable, the penetrating jack, the reaction frame and the like are used for providing sinking force and upward pulling force for the open caisson, no additional external force is generated on the wall of the open caisson, the sinking posture of the open caisson can be effectively controlled, and the adverse conditions of inclination, sudden sinking and the like in the sinking process of the open caisson are avoided; the auxiliary member of a bracket is not needed, the structure is simple, the construction process is continuous and can be repeatedly operated, the construction speed of the large open caisson can be accelerated for the construction of the large open caisson, and the construction cost is saved; the sinking attitude and the sinking speed of the open caisson can be accurately controlled, the open caisson is suitable for complex geological conditions, and the open caisson has high applicability and safety.
Claims (1)
1. A counter-force static pressure type open caisson sinking construction method is characterized by comprising the following steps: arranging a reaction frame on the periphery of the open caisson to be constructed, wherein the reaction frame is provided with a plurality of cross beams positioned above the open caisson, the cross beams are provided with preformed holes, and pull-up penetrating jacks are correspondingly arranged on the preformed holes; pouring a bottom section of the open caisson in situ, embedding an anchor rope in a well wall of the bottom section in advance, and enabling the upper end of the anchor rope to penetrate through a preformed hole in the cross beam and the pull-up penetrating jack above the preformed hole and be anchored to form a pull-up system; a sinking penetrating jack is arranged between the bottom section and the cross beam to form a sinking system; the sinking system is used for realizing the sinking of the bottom section, and the pull-up system is used for realizing the speed control and the attitude control in the sinking process of the open caisson; the method for realizing the speed control and the attitude control in the sinking process of the open caisson by utilizing the pull-up system comprises the following steps: after the bottom section is sunk to a set depth, removing the sinking penetrating jack and moving the cross beam upwards, pouring a second section of open caisson on the bottom section, continuously sinking the raised open caisson under the action of self weight, and providing upward tension for the open caisson by the upward pulling jack through the anchor cable so as to control the sinking speed of the open caisson; through holes for the anchor cables to pass through are respectively formed in the well wall of each section of the open caisson on the bottom section;
the setting method of the reaction frame comprises the following steps: embedding a plurality of anchor piles in soil mass outside the open caisson to be constructed, fixedly installing upright columns on the anchor piles, and erecting the cross beam between the adjacent upright columns to form the reaction frame;
the anchor piles are arranged on two sides of each corner of the open caisson wall respectively, the anchor piles on the two sides of the corner are used as a group for erecting the cross beam, and the preformed hole in the cross beam is formed right above the open caisson wall;
the sinking system realizes the sinking method of the bottom section as follows: controlling the oil cylinders of the sinking penetrating jacks to simultaneously jack the cross beam upwards, and enabling the cross beam to generate a downward reaction force through jacking of the sinking penetrating jacks and act on the well wall of the bottom section so as to enable the bottom section to sink;
when the bottom section sinks for one oil cylinder stroke of the sinking penetrating jack, the oil cylinder of the sinking penetrating jack is retracted and reset, and the cross beam moves downwards for one oil cylinder stroke; jacking the sinking penetrating jack again to sink the next oil cylinder stroke; repeating the steps until the bottom section is sunk to the designed depth;
when the sinking posture of the open caisson deviates in the sinking process, the sinking posture of the open caisson is corrected by controlling the jacking pressure of each lifting jack.
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| CN201810676980.5A CN108487280B (en) | 2018-06-27 | 2018-06-27 | Counter-force static pressure type open caisson sinking construction method |
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| CN201810676980.5A CN108487280B (en) | 2018-06-27 | 2018-06-27 | Counter-force static pressure type open caisson sinking construction method |
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| CN108487280B true CN108487280B (en) | 2023-03-28 |
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Families Citing this family (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109797763A (en) * | 2019-01-25 | 2019-05-24 | 中交二航局第四工程有限公司 | Open caisson neighbour's anchoring pile localization method and location structure in a kind of water |
| CN109853604A (en) * | 2019-03-25 | 2019-06-07 | 中国十七冶集团有限公司 | A kind of static pressure waterpower suction open caisson construction method |
| CN112012235A (en) * | 2019-05-31 | 2020-12-01 | 上海宝冶集团有限公司 | Quick construction method for bottom sleeve of open caisson |
| CN110761330B (en) * | 2019-10-25 | 2021-06-22 | 中铁第四勘察设计院集团有限公司 | Integral construction method for mud-water balance open caisson station in soft soil area |
| CN110761329B (en) * | 2019-10-25 | 2021-06-22 | 中铁第四勘察设计院集团有限公司 | Segmented construction method for mud-water balance open caisson station in soft soil area |
| CN111945764A (en) * | 2020-06-30 | 2020-11-17 | 中国二十冶集团有限公司 | Ground anchor press-in type well sinking method |
| CN114790754B (en) * | 2022-06-08 | 2024-05-14 | 杭州航升建设有限公司 | Open caisson equipment |
| CN117868192B (en) * | 2024-03-13 | 2024-05-28 | 安徽建筑大学 | Coaxial nested multi-section open caisson structure of expansive soil layer and drag reduction and sinking assisting construction method |
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| CN206308720U (en) * | 2016-11-24 | 2017-07-07 | 北京市地质工程公司 | CFG inspection bearing capacity loading counterforce device |
| CN107620313A (en) * | 2017-11-15 | 2018-01-23 | 扬州市江都永坚有限公司 | Static pressure open caisson device |
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| CN101787712B (en) * | 2009-12-25 | 2011-06-01 | 中国水电顾问集团中南勘测设计研究院 | Inclination measuring device and measuring method of sunk well |
| CN102635124B (en) * | 2012-04-23 | 2014-12-03 | 浙江省建工集团有限责任公司 | Construction method aiming to large open caisson in weak soil area |
| JP6731794B2 (en) * | 2016-06-09 | 2020-07-29 | 鹿島建設株式会社 | Press-fitting device |
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| CN206308720U (en) * | 2016-11-24 | 2017-07-07 | 北京市地质工程公司 | CFG inspection bearing capacity loading counterforce device |
| CN107620313A (en) * | 2017-11-15 | 2018-01-23 | 扬州市江都永坚有限公司 | Static pressure open caisson device |
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