CN108464204B - Method for breeding vegetable jute seeds based on different picking times - Google Patents
Method for breeding vegetable jute seeds based on different picking times Download PDFInfo
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- CN108464204B CN108464204B CN201810101967.7A CN201810101967A CN108464204B CN 108464204 B CN108464204 B CN 108464204B CN 201810101967 A CN201810101967 A CN 201810101967A CN 108464204 B CN108464204 B CN 108464204B
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- 235000013311 vegetables Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 53
- 235000011777 Corchorus aestuans Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- 235000010862 Corchorus capsularis Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 15
- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 14
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 11
- 240000000491 Corchorus aestuans Species 0.000 title 1
- 240000004792 Corchorus capsularis Species 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 abstract description 8
- 241001253207 Laetia Species 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 description 5
- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 238000003306 harvesting Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 241000894007 species Species 0.000 description 3
- 244000037364 Cinnamomum aromaticum Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000014489 Cinnamomum aromaticum Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000019082 Osmanthus Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 241000333181 Osmanthus Species 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000010203 Corchorus Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241000332384 Corchorus Species 0.000 description 1
- 244000227473 Corchorus olitorius Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000010206 Corchorus olitorius Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241000219071 Malvaceae Species 0.000 description 1
- 206010028980 Neoplasm Diseases 0.000 description 1
- BUGBHKTXTAQXES-UHFFFAOYSA-N Selenium Chemical compound [Se] BUGBHKTXTAQXES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000036772 blood pressure Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 201000011510 cancer Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035558 fertility Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000796 flavoring agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019634 flavors Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000005242 forging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003205 fragrance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000575 pesticide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002040 relaxant effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011669 selenium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052711 selenium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 210000000952 spleen Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 210000002784 stomach Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001502 supplementing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011573 trace mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
- A01G22/15—Leaf crops, e.g. lettuce or spinach
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G7/00—Botany in general
- A01G7/06—Treatment of growing trees or plants, e.g. for preventing decay of wood, for tingeing flowers or wood, for prolonging the life of plants
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Ecology (AREA)
- Forests & Forestry (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Breeding Of Plants And Reproduction By Means Of Culturing (AREA)
- Pretreatment Of Seeds And Plants (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a method for breeding vegetable jute seeds based on different picking times, which comprises the steps of topping and branch promotion to increase the propagation coefficient of seeds, starting first picking when the height of vegetable jute plants is about 90cm, namely, leaving 70-80cm piles, picking 1-5 times in a picking period, wherein the interval time of each picking is 8-10 days, and the first picking time of each picking of topping 10-20cm tender stems and leaves is 6 Laetia. According to the method, the picking times of the highest yield of the vegetable jute seed breeding are obtained through different picking times, and meanwhile, the picking times which are capable of simultaneously considering the yields of the tender stem leaves and the seeds and have the highest comprehensive benefit are obtained.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of seed breeding of commercial crops, and particularly relates to a method for breeding vegetable jute based on different picking times.
Background
The Osmanthus Juliania 1 and Osmanthus Juliania 2 belong to vegetable jute, and the vegetable jute is of the Tree forging family
(Tiliaceae) A. genus (Corchorus) annual herbaceous plant belonging to the edible variety type in the crops of Corchorus olitorius L., there are two species of long-fruited species and round-fruited species. The vegetable jute staple food has the advantages of tender stems and young leaves, crisp and tasty tender stems, soft and smooth young leaves, delicate fragrance, unique flavor and excellent taste, and has the effects of supplementing calcium, selenium and trace elements, strengthening spleen and stomach, relaxing bowel, reducing blood pressure, removing fatigue, resisting cancer, prolonging male fertility function and the like when being eaten frequently. The south of Guangxi, Guangdong Chaoshan and the Fujian Central south have habits of cultivating and eating tender stems and leaves of jute, wherein residents in the Guangxi region and the Guangdong Chaoshan region mainly eat vegetable jute of round fruit seeds, and residents in the Fujian Central south of China mainly eat vegetable jute of long fruit seeds. The cultivation process of the vegetable jute has the advantages of little or no pesticide application, environmental protection and no pollution, is suitable for being widely popularized in southern areas of China and countries of the east alliance as a long-life health-preserving vegetable variety, and has wide market prospect as a special wild vegetable.
The vegetable jute adopts topping to promote branching to increase the seed propagation coefficient, the more times of picking, the higher the yield of tender stems and leaves, and the higher the economic benefit, but for the propagation of seeds, the more times of picking are not, the higher the seed yield is. Therefore, the optimal picking times of the vegetable jute are found aiming at different cultivation purposes of the highest seed yield, the highest comprehensive benefit of seeds and tender stems and leaves and the like.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for breeding vegetable jute seeds based on different picking times, which comprises the steps of topping and promoting branching to increase the propagation coefficient of the seeds and picking for 1-5 times in a picking period.
Further, the vegetable jute includes jute for long fruit seed vegetable and jute for round fruit seed vegetable. Preferably, the vegetable jute comprises cassia juba 1 and cassia juba 2.
The Guima vegetable No. 1 and the Guima vegetable No. 2 are all public known varieties, and the specific information is as follows: guima vegetable No. 1: (Gui) Deng (vegetable) 2014002, the breeding unit is the institute of economic crops of Guangxi academy of agricultural sciences; guima vegetable No. 2: the breeding unit of the Guideng (vegetable) 2014003 is the research institute of economic crops of Guangxi academy of agricultural sciences.
Further, picking for the first time when the height of the jute plant to be picked is about 90cm, namely, leaving 70-80cm of the pile.
Furthermore, tender stems and leaves with 10-20cm of top are picked each time.
Further, picking is carried out once every 8-10 days.
Further, the first picking time is in late 6 months, for example, 25 days in 6 months.
On the basis of the common knowledge in the field, the above preferred conditions can be combined with each other to obtain the preferred embodiments of the invention.
Specifically, the method for breeding the vegetable jute seeds based on different picking times comprises the steps of topping and branch promotion to increase the propagation coefficient of the seeds, starting first picking when the height of the vegetable jute plants is about 90cm, namely, leaving 70-80cm piles, picking 1-5 times in a picking period, wherein the picking interval time is 8-10 days, tender stems and leaves with 10-20cm tops are picked each time, and the first picking time is in the last ten days of 6 months. A
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the picking times with the highest yield for the vegetable jute seed breeding are obtained through different picking times, and meanwhile, the picking times with the highest comprehensive benefit and the yield of tender stems and leaves and seeds are also obtained.
According to the method, topping and branching are adopted to increase the propagation coefficient of seeds, the seeds harvested after 1 time of picking after topping main stems of the Guima vegetable No. 1 and the Guima vegetable No. 2 are the highest in yield, and the seeds harvested after 5 times of picking after topping main stems of the Guima vegetable No. 1 and the Guima vegetable No. 2 are both higher in yield and tender stem leaf yield. Therefore, if considering the highest seed yield harvested, 1 harvest is recommended; if the highest economic benefit obtained by combining young shoot yield and seed yield is integrated, the seed is reserved after 5 times of picking as an optimal seed breeding scheme.
Drawings
FIG. 1 shows a dynamic diagram of the yield of single-time picked tender stems and leaves of Guima vegetable No. 2.
Detailed Description
The following examples are intended to illustrate the invention but are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. The examples do not show the specific techniques or conditions, according to the technical or conditions described in the literature in the field, or according to the product specifications. The reagents or instruments used are conventional products available from regular distributors, not indicated by the manufacturer.
The test materials of the following examples are Gui Ma vegetable No. 1 and Gui Ma vegetable No. 2.
Example 1 Breeding method with highest seed yield
The Guima vegetable No. 1 and the Guima vegetable No. 2 are sowed in the same field block with even land capability at the same time, and each processing cell is divided according to the random block design. And (3) adopting topping to promote branching to increase the seed propagation coefficient, and adopting different picking times to carry out seed propagation tests.
Picking stages of 1 and 2 of cortex Cinnamomi Japonici are respectively set to pick for 0 times (not picking), 1 time, 2 times, 3 times, 4 times, 5 times for 6 times for processing, and each picking timeThe area of each processing cell is 10.07m2Cell, 3 repetitions.
When the plant heights of the Guima vegetable No. 1 and the Guima vegetable No. 2 are 90cm, except for the picking treatment for 0 time (no picking), the other treatments are used for topping tender stems and leaves of 10-20cm, and the first picking (namely picking for 1 time) is carried out at intervals of 8-10 days, namely, piles are left for 70-80 cm; by analogy, the picking times are increased once on the basis of the original picking every 8-10 days (only aiming at the treatment needing to increase the picking times). Finally, harvesting the seeds in the mature period and weighing the seed yield.
The results are shown in tables 1 and 2. The results show that the seed yield of the Guima vegetable No. 1 and the Guima vegetable No. 2 which are harvested after 1 time of picking after topping the main stems is the highest and is 50.62kg/667m respectively2And 27.35kg/667m2Meanwhile, the seed yield of the seeds harvested after 5 times of picking of the Guima vegetable No. 1 and the Guima vegetable No. 2 after the main stem is topped is still higher and reaches 44.41kg/667m respectively2And 26.93kg/667m2。
Seed yield from 5 treatments was only second to 1 but the sum of young stem and leaf yields from 5 treatments was much higher than from 1.
The more times of topping, the higher the total yield of the harvested tender stems and leaves, so the highest economic benefit of combining the tender tip yield and the seed yield is synthesized, and the seed reservation after 5 times of picking is the optimal seed breeding scheme.
TABLE 1 Effect of different picking times on the yield of vegetable jute seeds
Example 2 dynamic graph of yield of young stems and leaves harvested at a single time in harvesting stage
An experiment was carried out in the same manner as in example 1 using Guima vegetable No. 2 as a material. The plucking was carried out 9 times during the whole growth period. The results are shown in FIG. 1 and Table 2. The results show that the yield of the single-time plucked tender stems and leaves in the plucking period is normally distributed (figure 1), the yield of the 1 st plucking is 0.961kg at the bottom of the peak, the yield is gradually increased from 2 to 3 times, the yield is in a stable period from 4 to 5 times, the yield of the 6 th plucking reaches the highest peak 4.614kg, and the yield begins to gradually decrease from the 7 th to 9 th times.
TABLE 2 tender stem and leaf yield of 9 single picks in the whole growth period of No. 2 Gui Ma vegetable
Although the invention has been described in detail hereinabove with respect to a general description and specific embodiments thereof, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that modifications or improvements may be made thereto based on the invention. Accordingly, such modifications and improvements are intended to be within the scope of the invention as claimed.
Claims (1)
1. A method for breeding vegetable jute seeds based on different picking times is characterized by comprising the steps of adopting topping and branch promotion to increase the seed propagation coefficient, starting first picking when the vegetable jute plant height is about 90cm, namely, leaving 70-80cm of piles, picking 5 times in a picking period, wherein the picking interval time is 8-10 days, picking tender stems and leaves with 10-20cm of topping each time, and the first picking time is in the late 6 months; the vegetable jute is Gui Ma vegetable No. 1 and Gui Ma vegetable No. 2.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810101967.7A CN108464204B (en) | 2018-02-01 | 2018-02-01 | Method for breeding vegetable jute seeds based on different picking times |
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| CN201810101967.7A CN108464204B (en) | 2018-02-01 | 2018-02-01 | Method for breeding vegetable jute seeds based on different picking times |
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| CN108464204A CN108464204A (en) | 2018-08-31 |
| CN108464204B true CN108464204B (en) | 2020-06-30 |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN101485258A (en) * | 2009-02-24 | 2009-07-22 | 湖南农业大学 | Sparse planting, top pruning and breeding method for ambary |
| CN101715716B (en) * | 2009-12-07 | 2011-06-15 | 南京农业大学 | Hydroponic method of jute |
| CN104642076A (en) * | 2013-11-25 | 2015-05-27 | 青岛鑫润土苗木专业合作社 | High-yield planting method of jute |
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