CN108460832A - A kind of shell extraction method based on Building Information Model - Google Patents
A kind of shell extraction method based on Building Information Model Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The shell extraction method based on Building Information Model that the invention discloses a kind of, belongs to architecture information field.This method includes mainly：Establish perspective plane, potentially visible component collection is found using component spatial position, visible triangular facet is found by potentially visible component concentration member triangular facet aggregate information and obtains its projection grid set, and the visible components under all dimension directions are screened using the projection grid set and potentially visible component relative depth order of visible triangular facet.In order to solve GIS the more invisible component of building interior can be loaded in smart city is shown, so that waste a large amount of memories and limit can exhibition building number the problem of, modeling and analysis means of the present invention using BIM, utilize the various information of model essential information and model inner member, extract building shell, system burden when reducing displaying, improve under same memory can exhibition building model number so that the displaying of smart city is more abundant efficient.
Description
Technical field：
The invention belongs to architecture information fields, are related to a kind of building shell extracting method based on Building Information Model.
Background technology：
Smart city is to use information and communication technology (ICT) means, for sensing, analyzing, integrate each of city operations core system
Item key message, to be made to the various demands including the people's livelihood, environmental protection, public safety, urban service, industry and commerce activity
Intelligent response.Usually in the displaying of groups of building smart city, BIM is supplied to GIS, GIS to transmit BIM by data are built
Architecture information all show.
BIM is the abbreviation of Building Information Modeling, is generally translated into Building Information Model.BIM is wound
It builds and utilizes number words model using the physics and function of the technology with architectural engineering Life cycle each stage, and building
Its expression-form of the digital expression of feature is the basic information resources for having information, is each rank of construction project Life cycle
Section concrete application and the core and data basis of all kinds of performance evaluations.
GIS is the abbreviation of Geographic Information System, commonly referred to as GIS-Geographic Information System, be with
A subject getting up of development for geographical science, computer technology, remote sensing technology and information science.GIS is in wisdom city
It is mainly used in city's displaying：Geographical space shows that positioning refers to, auxiliary space analysis etc..GIS is displaying BIM building data letters
The important carrier of breath and the main presentation means of smart city.
Currently, the shell extraction method or blank of building.Existing smart city displaying is to establish data mould using BIM
Type, after by the standard data delivery of whole components to GIS, all show, to there is many sightless components also to be added
It sets out and, which not only adds the data volumes that GIS needs to load, and waste CyberSpace, more reduce under same memory
The asd number that can be shown finally influences showing for entire smart city.
Invention content：
All visible components of building external are extracted based on Building Information Model (BIM) an embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of
Method reduces volume of transmitted data needed for displaying and showed for exhibition building shell during Architectural exhibition
The resource consumed in journey.
In order to achieve the above objectives, it adopts the following technical scheme that：
The shell extraction method based on Building Information Model that the invention discloses a kind of, includes the following steps：
1. collecting building structure information and building element information, Classification Management various information.
2. utilizing Building Information Model, for its x ,-x, y ,-y, six dimensions of z ,-z generate projection grid face, perspective plane
Position at a certain random pole far point of current dimension, and perpendicular to current dimension reference axis.
3. for each grid surface, the relative distance of each component and grid surface and sequence are calculated, as shown in figure 3, structure
Make potentially visible component collection：
distanceij=| (Li-lij) |,
Wherein LiIndicate the vertical range of the pole far throw shadow grid surface and reference axis i under dimension i, lijIt indicates component j and sits
The vertical range of parameter i, distanceijIndicate the relative depth of direction dimension i lower members j.
According to the relative depth of component, component is ranked up, according to projection of the sequence rear part on Current projection face
Corresponding grid after being cut, if front member whether be corresponding grid limited potentially visible component if be stored in grid,
The potentially visible component collection in final output Current projection face.
4. carrying out invisible triangular facet rejecting to component triangular facet set using the component in potentially visible component collection, such as scheme
Shown in 4.1,4.2：
Wherein A, B, C are three vertex on triangular facet counterclockwise, and F is any point on perspective plane,Indicate point A (xa,
ya, za) it is directed toward point B (xb, yb, zb) vector,Indicate point A (xa, ya, za) it is directed toward point C (xc, yc, zc) vector,It is three
Point A (x on edged surfacea, ya, za) it is directed toward a point F (x on perspective planeF, yF, zF) vector, i, j, k x, y, the unit value of z-axis leads to
It is often 1,The normal vector of triangular facet is generated,If for judging current triangular facet whether as it can be seen that big
It is visible in zero.
5. the projected boundary for being calculated triangular facet using the boundary slope and vertex of the visible triangular facet projection remained is passed through
The grid crossed, such as Fig. 4 .3, shown in 4.4, withFor：
Gap is the width of the single grid on grid surface, (βi, γi) what is indicated is from point A (xa, ya, za) extremely point B (xb,
yb, zb) triangle boundary pass through mesh coordinate,It indicates that the slope of side AB, β indicate x, y, it is flat that projection is constituted in z three-dimensionals
First dimension in face, γ indicate x, y, and second dimension of projection plane, (β are constituted in z three-dimensionals0, γ0) indicate boundary starting
The projection grid coordinate on vertex, (βend, γend) indicate boundary end vertex projection grid coordinate.It ultimately generates,The projected boundary grid set that three sides are passed through.
6. according to the projected boundary grid set of triangular facet, triangle is passed through at most to pass through two sides using straight line
Principle generates the inside projection grid of triangular facet, as a result such as Fig. 4 .5, shown in 4.6.
7. utilizing each the projection grid set of the visible triangular facet of potentially visible component concentration member and potentially visible component
Relative depth order, judge the unique visible components of each grid on projection grid face.
8. all grid visible components set are the shell of buildings model on six perspective planes.
Preferably, the building structure information includes：The space of building, position, structure, shape, height, width.
Preferably, the building element information includes：The position of component, rotation angle, point set, triangular facet collection.
Preferably, when generating Grid Projection face, a random pole remote position of current dimension is selected to generate vertical
In the projection grid plane of current dimension.
Preferably, when finding potentially visible component set, component sequence uses component apart from projection grid face
Relative distance finds the close limited a component of relative distance to each grid on grid surface, constitutes potentially visible component
Collection.
Preferably, when calculating triangular facet projected boundary grid, the slope on three sides that triangular facet projects on grid surface is utilized
The grid set that triangle each edge circle is passed through is calculated with vertex.
Preferably, when calculating triangular facet projection inner mesh, whether have by the boundary mesh number and lastrow of process
Boundary mesh judges whether current grid is inner mesh.
Preferably, potentially visible component visible three is used when judging that whether true each potentially visible component is visible
The projection grid set of edged surface.
Description of the drawings：
Fig. 1 is a kind of flow chart based on Building Information Model shell extraction method that present invention implementation provides.
Fig. 2 is a kind of module flow diagram based on Building Information Model shell extraction method that present invention implementation provides.
Fig. 3 provides the flow chart calculated about relative distance for present invention implementation.
Fig. 4 provides triangular facet background for present invention implementation and rejects and projection grid sample calculation figure.
Fig. 5 provides triangular facet background for present invention implementation and rejects and projection grid calculation flow chart.
Specific implementation mode：
The shell extraction method based on architecture information a kind of to the embodiment of the present invention below, is described in detail.
The shell extraction method based on Building Information Model that present applicant proposes a kind of solving current smart city displaying
When GIS need to load problem of resource waste caused by all components, have collected the more of building to be extracted and building interior component
Kind parameter information, and Building Information Model and corresponding information database are established based on this.The application by BIM modeling and
Analysis means carry out analysis modeling using the component information of building to be extracted.Since each component has its specific component
Information and location information calculate potential visible components collection under each dimension based on the information, and then calculate potentially visible component
It can be seen that triangular facet and project to grid surface, judge whether front member is building shell component, ultimately generates building shell.We
Method has fully considered the point set of each component, triangular facet set, coordinate position, rotation angle and this body structure of building, for building
The extraction for building shell, the data for reducing single building in the displaying of smart city are loaded with, and improving can open up under same quantity of data
The asd number shown is conducive to the displaying of smart city.
A kind of shell extraction method based on Building Information Model disclosed by the invention, flow and method is as shown in Figure 1, include
Following steps：
Step 101：Building structure information is collected, category establishes Building Information Model after arranging.
In the present embodiment, architecture information is made of space information and building element information.Space information refers to
The space of building, position, structure, shape, height, width；Building element information includes the spatial position of component, rotation angle,
Form point set and triangular facet set.
In current procedures, architecture information is arranged according to different types, to space information and building structure
The related data of part information establishes database；For the relevant statistics of space information and building element information, in order to
Calculating speed is improved, availability data library management tool establishes staqtistical data base.
BIM technology can count the real space of building, structure, area, work(according to the Building Information Model of foundation
Can, height, outer enclosed structure, the information such as neighboring buildings scale of construction.The information of BIM statistics is stored in architecture information database so that
Legacy data more accurately with comprehensively.
Step 102：According to the spatial information of building, established at x ,-x, y ,-y, the pole far point of z ,-z six direction respectively
Perpendicular to the grid plan of current axis of orientation, e.g., the grid plan on the directions z is to be generated at the far point of z-axis positive direction pole
Perpendicular to the grid plan of z-axis.
Step 103：For each grid on grid plan, using the relative distance of component and grid surface, such as Fig. 3 institutes
Show, constructs potentially visible component collection：
distanceij=| (Li-lij) |,
Wherein LiIndicate the vertical range of the pole far throw shadow grid surface and reference axis i under dimension i, lijIt indicates component j and sits
The vertical range of parameter i, distanceijIndicate the relative depth of direction dimension i lower members j.
According to the relative depth of component, component is ranked up, according to projection of the sequence rear part on Current projection face
Corresponding grid after being cut, if front member whether be corresponding grid limited potentially visible component if be stored in grid,
The potentially visible component collection in final output Current projection face.
Step 104：Back rejecting is carried out to the triangular facet set of potentially visible component collection inner member, generates visible triangular facet
Set, such as Fig. 4 .1, shown in 4.2.
For each triangular facet of potentially visible component collection inner member, three vertex on triangular facet are extracted counterclockwise,
The normal vector that triangular facet is calculated using these three points, according in the line and triangular facet normal vector on triangle vertex of surface and perspective plane
Product, judges the visibility of current triangular facet：
Wherein A, B, C are three vertex on triangular facet counterclockwise, and F is a bit on perspective plane,Indicate point A (xa, ya,
za) it is directed toward point B (xb, yb, ab) vector,Indicate that point A is directed toward point C (xc, yc, zc) vector,For point A (x on triangular faceta,
ya, za) it is directed toward a point F (x on perspective planeF, yF, zF) vectorial i, j, k x, y, the unit value of z-axis, usually 1,Table
Show the normal vector of triangular facet,For judging current triangular facet whether as it can be seen that visible if more than zero.
Step 105：Each triangular facet is concentrated to visible triangular facet, utilizes the boundary of the visible triangular facet projection remained
Slope and vertex calculate the grid that the projected boundary of triangular facet passes through, and triangular facet boundary mesh set are generated, such as Fig. 4 .3, Fig. 4 .4
It is shown.
WithFor,
Wherein,
Gap is the width of the single grid on grid surface, (βi, γi) what is indicated is from point A (xa, ya, za) extremely point B (xb,
yb, zb) triangle boundary pass through mesh coordinate,It indicates that the slope of side AB, β indicate x, y, it is flat that projection is constituted in z three-dimensionals
First dimension in face, γ indicate x, y, and second dimension of projection plane, (β are constituted in z three-dimensionals0, γ0) indicate boundary starting
The projection grid coordinate on vertex, (βend, γend) indicate boundary end vertex projection grid coordinate.It ultimately generates,The projected boundary grid set that three sides are passed through.
Step 106：According to gore boundary mesh set, the projection grid inside gore is found, such as Fig. 4 .5,
4.6 shown.
Using when straight line passes through triangle, have and the intersecting therewith principle in only two triangle boundaries, line by line
Judge current grid whether in triangle.
Current line is counted during judging line by line collides the number count of boundary mesh, when count is odd number,
countY=i%2==1,
And upper row also contain boundary mesh when, illustrate current grid in triangle interior.If lastrow is not worked as
The boundary mesh of preceding visible triangular facet illustrates that current grid point is boundary net point rather than intranet lattice point.
Wherein y indicates line number, and as y plus 1, count will be initialized as zero,
countY=i+1=0,
Finally return that all grids that current triangular facet projection is passed through.
Step 107：The projection grid set of the visible triangular facet of potential component is concentrated using each potentially visible component and is dived
In the relative depth order of visible components, each grid visible components on projection grid face are judged.
Using the relative depth of potentially visible concentration member, the triangular facet projection grid sets match of component is entered into projection net
In lattice, judge component whether be current grid visible components, generate all visible components in Current projection face.
Step 108：The corresponding visible components set of six all grids in face is ultimately generated, is component enclosure.
The above, only specific embodiments of the present invention, but scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto, it is any
In the technical scope that present aspect discloses, can readily occur in variation or replace should all contain those familiar with the art
Lid is within the scope of the present invention.Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of shell extraction method based on Building Information Model, includes the following steps：
It collects building structure information and building element information, Classification Management various information establishes Building Information Model；
Using Building Information Model, projection grid face, wherein perspective plane are generated on x ,-x, y ,-y, six dimensions of z ,-z respectively
Position at a certain random pole far point of current dimension, and perpendicular to current dimension；
Potentially visible component collection is constructed using the relative distance of component and grid plan for each dimension：
distanceij=| (Li-lij) |,
Wherein LiIndicate the vertical range of the pole far throw shadow grid surface and reference axis i under dimension i, lijIndicate component j and reference axis i
Vertical range, distanceijIndicate the relative depth of direction dimension i lower members j；
According to the relative depth of component, component is ranked up, is projected in order to current dimension projection grid plane, if currently
Component is that preceding limited a visible components of corresponding projection grid then preserve, and ultimately generates the potentially visible component in Current projection face
Collection；
Invisible triangular facet background is carried out to the triangular facet set of potentially visible component collection inner member to reject：
Wherein A, B, C are three vertex on triangular facet, and F is any point on perspective plane,Indicate point A (xa, ya, za) be directed toward
Point B (xb, yb, zb) vector,Indicate point A (xa, ya, za) it is directed toward point C (xc, yc, zc) vector,For point A on triangular facet
(xa, ya, za) it is directed toward a point F (x on perspective planeF, yF, zF) vector, i, j, k x, y, the unit value of z-axis, usually 1,The normal vector of triangular facet is generated,For judging current triangular facet whether as it can be seen that if more than zero
It can be seen that；
For visible gore, projects the slope on each side using triangular facet and projected boundary that vertex calculates triangular facet passes through
Grid generates projected boundary grid set；
By the projected boundary grid of visible triangular facet, the inside projection grid of triangular facet is generated, finally returns that triangular facet is being worked as
All grids covered on front projection face；
It is relatively deep by using the projection grid set and potentially visible component of the visible triangular facet of potentially visible component concentration member
The sequence of degree judges the visible components of each grid on projection grid face.
2. according to the method described in claim 1, it is characterized in that, the building structure information includes：The space of building, knot
Structure, area, height, width, peripheral structure.
3. according to the method described in claim 1, it is characterized in that, the building element information includes：The space of component, knot
Structure, position, height constitute point set, triangular facet collection.
4. according to the method described in claim 1, it is characterized in that, when generating perspective plane, respectively in x ,-x, y ,-y, z ,-z
The grid plan perpendicular to current axis of orientation is established at the pole far point of six direction.
5. according to the method described in claim 1, it is characterized in that, when finding potentially visible component set, by component with
The relative depth of projection plane finds limited a component that each grid closes on grid surface, to generate potentially visible component
Collection.
6. according to the method described in claim 1, it is characterized in that, it is seen that triangular facet projection grid is by boundary mesh and intranet
Lattice is at when calculating triangular facet boundary mesh, utilizing projected triangle bevel edge slope and vertex to calculate triangle boundary experience
The grid crossed；When calculating triangle interior grid, whether there is boundary by the number and lastrow of boundary mesh by judgement
Grid judges whether current grid is inner mesh.
7. according to the method described in claim 1, it is characterized in that, during projection, remove inevitable invisible component with
And projected on projection plane after the invisible triangular facet of potentially visible component, according to visible triangular facet projection grid collection and potential
Visible components sort, and judge whether front member is visible.
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| CN109325957A (en) * | 2018-08-30 | 2019-02-12 | 盈嘉互联（北京）科技有限公司 | A kind of numerical value imaging BIM building group Outside contour extraction devices, systems, and methods |
| CN111921202A (en) * | 2020-09-16 | 2020-11-13 | 成都完美天智游科技有限公司 | Data processing method, device and equipment for virtual scene and readable storage medium |
| CN112464322A (en) * | 2019-09-06 | 2021-03-09 | 久瓴(上海)智能科技有限公司 | Building component arrangement method and device, computer equipment and storage medium |
| CN113674436A (en) * | 2021-08-09 | 2021-11-19 | 南通大学 | Revit API-based building floor outer facade extraction method |
| CN113935097A (en) * | 2021-10-26 | 2022-01-14 | 山东同圆数字科技有限公司 | Building space analysis method and system based on BIM engine data |
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