CN108450672B - Compound feed for sows in perinatal period and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Compound feed for sows in perinatal period and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a compound feed for sows in perinatal period, which comprises the following components: corn, soybean meal, beet pulp, soybean hull, puffed linseed, soybean oil, super steam fish meal, cane molasses, calcium hydrophosphate, mountain flour, sodium chloride, a perinatal sow compound premix, a hydroxy vitamin D3 premix, a Chinese herbal medicine preparation, a compound acidifier, L-lysine sulfate, choline chloride, isomaltooligosaccharide, threonine, methionine, phytase and ethoxyquin. The compound feed for the perinatal period of the sows can reduce the use of antibiotics in breeding, maintain the health of intestinal tracts and birth canals, reduce constipation, effectively shorten the delivery process of the sows, reduce the incidence rate of inflammation, and further improve the reproductive performance of the sows, such as reduction of weak farrowing rate, improvement of weaning weight and oestrus rate of the sows within 7 days after weaning, and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of animal feed, and particularly relates to compound feed for sows in perinatal period and a preparation method thereof
Background
The perinatal period of the sows is the time from 7 days before delivery to 7 days after delivery, is a quite special and critical period in the breeding cycle of the sows, has special influence, and the time expression of the sows in the period can influence the final production level of a swinery. The perinatal period of the sows has large span (heavy gestation period, delivery and lactation), quick change (mainly progestogen during the heavy gestation period, mainly oxytocin during the delivery and mainly prolactin after the delivery), and many problems (long labor, postpartum fatigue, slow appetite recovery, lasting lochiorrhea and stress oxidation), and the perinatal period problem is very common problem of the hybridized lean-type sows in the modernized pig raising mode. In order to improve birth weight, pig farmers generally feed lactating sows to the perinatal sows, and use a large amount of antibiotics for health care in the perinatal period for a long time, so that the sows have low postpartum feed intake, high constipation incidence rate, weak and much piglets, high postpartum inflammation incidence rate, low oestrus rate within 7 days after weaning and the like. The use of antibiotics not only easily causes the generation and residue of drug-resistant bacteria and environmental pollution, but also influences the feed intake of animals, so that the reduction of the use of antibiotics is imperative. The perinatal sow feed is a necessary trend of fine feeding in the modern sow stage, and the traditional sow feed pattern is broken through. The research on the compound feed for the perinatal period of the sows starts late, deep system research data is lacked at home and abroad, and the product research and development is almost blank.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems, the invention aims to provide a compound feed for sows in the perinatal period and a preparation method thereof.
Firstly, the invention provides a compound feed for sows in a perinatal period, which comprises the following components in parts by weight: 585g/kg of corn 520, 220g/kg of soybean meal 180, 40-60g/kg of beet pulp, 30-50g/kg of soybean hull, 40-60g/kg of puffed linseed, 20-30g/kg of soybean oil, 15-25g/kg of super steam fish meal, 10-20g/kg of cane molasses, 8-13g/kg of calcium hydrophosphate, 6.2-8g/kg of stone powder, 5-6g/kg of sodium chloride, 4.5-5.5g/kg of compound premix for sows in the perinatal period, 3.5-4.5g/kg of hydroxy premix vitamin D3 agent, 3.5-4.5g/kg of Chinese herbal medicine preparation, 3-5g/kg of compound acidifying agent, 2.7-3.5g/kg of L-lysine sulfate, 1-2g/kg of choline chloride, 1-2g/kg of isomaltose hypgather, 0.4-0.8g/kg of threonine, 0.2-0.4g/kg of methionine, 0.15-0.25g/kg of phytase and 0.15-0.25g/kg of ethoxyquinoline.
Further, the composition comprises the following components in parts by weight: 555.5g/kg of corn, 196g/kg of soybean meal, 50g/kg of beet pulp, 40g/kg of soybean hull, 50g/kg of puffed linseed, 25g/kg of soybean oil, 20g/kg of super steam fish meal, 15g/kg of cane molasses, 11.4g/kg of calcium hydrophosphate, 7.3g/kg of stone powder, 5.6g/kg of sodium chloride, 5g/kg of perinatal sow compound premix, 4g/kg of hydroxy vitamin D3 premix, 4g/kg of Chinese herbal medicine preparation, 4g/kg of compound acidifier, 2.9g/kg of L-lysine sulfate, 1.5g/kg of choline chloride, 1.5g/kg of isomaltooligosaccharide, 0.6g/kg of threonine, 0.3g/kg of methionine, 0.2g/kg of phytase and 0.2g/kg of ethoxyquin.
The compound premix for the perinatal period of the sows comprises the following components in parts by weight: the compound premix for the perinatal sows comprises the following components in parts by weight: 5g/kg of vitamin A, 30.7g/kg of vitamin D, 40g/kg of vitamin E, 30.7g/kg of vitamin K, 10.4g/kg of vitamin B, 22 g/kg of vitamin B, 60.8g/kg of vitamin B, 120.5g/kg of vitamin B, 8g/kg of nicotinic acid, 7g/kg of D-calcium pantothenate, 1.2g/kg of folic acid, 7g/kg of biotin, 15g/kg of copper glycinate, 120g/kg of iron glycinate complex, 70g/kg of manganese methionine, 100g/kg of zinc glycinate, 45g/kg of yeast selenium and 15g/kg of potassium iodide.
Wherein, the preparation method of the puffed linseed comprises the steps of mixing linseed and soybean meal according to a ratio of 3:2, adding 0.1% of ethoxyquinoline according to the weight ratio, crushing by using a 2.0mm sieve sheet, puffing at 130 ℃, and cooling.
Wherein the Chinese herbal medicine preparation is prepared from dried ginger, kudzu root, liquorice and astragalus root according to the weight part ratio of 1:3:2: 4.
Wherein, the compound acidifier comprises the following components in parts by weight: 22 wt% of fumaric acid, 23 wt% of phosphoric acid, 6 wt% of lactic acid and 27 wt% of citric acid.
Wherein the perinatal period of the sow is 7 days before and after the birth.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the compound feed, which comprises the steps of crushing the raw materials with the formula proportion of 4.0mm, mixing, granulating at the temperature of 75-80 ℃, and cooling to obtain the compound feed.
Compared with the prior art, the technical scheme of the invention has the following advantages:
(1) the Chinese herbal medicine preparation has the function of sterilization.
(2) The puffed flaxseed of the invention has an antioxidant effect on pigs.
(3) The flaxseed gum in the puffed flaxseed of the invention combines the high-quality dietary fiber in the soybean hull and the beet pulp, improves the water content of the excrement, and promotes the propagation of beneficial bacteria by matching with the use of isomaltooligosaccharide and the compound acidifier, thereby greatly reducing the incidence rate of constipation.
(4) The compound feed can shorten the labor process, reduce the occurrence of weak piglets, reduce the occurrence of postpartum inflammation, improve the feed intake of sows in the lactation period, and improve the weight of weaning and the oestrus rate of weaning within 7 days.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be more specifically illustrated by the following examples, but it should be understood that the examples are only for illustrating the present invention and do not limit the scope of the present invention in any way.
EXAMPLE 1 screening of herbal formulations
Soaking 14 kinds of Chinese medicinal materials including rhizoma Zingiberis, radix Puerariae, radix Glycyrrhizae, radix astragali, herba Andrographitis, radix Codonopsis, radix Pulsatillae, radix aucklandiae, fructus Gardeniae, flos Lonicerae, fructus Chebulae, radix rehmanniae, radix Isatidis, and semen plantaginis in 10 times of water for 20 min, decocting for 20 min, pouring out the medicinal liquid, decocting in water for 20 min, mixing the medicinal liquids for 2 times, concentrating, centrifuging, diluting to desired volume until the concentration of the medicinal liquid is 1g/ml, sterilizing, and storing at 4 deg.C.
Dipping pig manure escherichia coli liquid (with the bacterial content of 10%) by using a sterilized cotton swab8One/ml), evenly smearing and inoculating on the surface of a common agar plate for 3 times, continuously rotating the plate to enable the bacterial liquid to be even, and finally smearing 1 circle along the inner edge of the plate. Punching with sterilized metal puncher to obtain holes with diameter of 6mm, adding 0.05ml medicinal liquid into each hole, and making 5 repeat plates for each medicine. Culturing at 37 deg.C for 48 hr, measuring the diameter of the zone with vernier caliper, and determining the antibacterial effect of the medicinal liquid on Escherichia coli. The diameter of the inhibition zone is more than 20mm, the high sensitivity is determined, the diameter of the inhibition zone is 15-20mm, the medium sensitivity is determined, the diameter of the inhibition zone is less than 10mm, the low sensitivity is determined, and the insensitivity is determined without the inhibition zone.
The results are shown in table 1, which shows that licorice has obvious bacteriostasis to escherichia coli, dried ginger, kudzuvine root and astragalus have certain bacteriostasis to escherichia coli, and common andrographis herb, dangshen, Chinese pulsatilla root, costustoot, cape jasmine, honeysuckle, myrobalam, dried rehmannia root, indigowoad root and plantain seed have no bacteriostasis to pig manure escherichia coli. Finally, the liquorice, the dried ginger, the kudzuvine root and the astragalus root are determined to be main components of the Chinese herbal medicine preparation.
TABLE 1 in vitro antibacterial action of different Chinese herbs
| Chinese medicine | Diameter/mm of bacteriostatic circle | Sensitivity of the composition |
| Licorice root, radix Glycyrrhizae | 16±0.05 | Gao Min |
| Dried ginger | 8.0±0.15 | Hyposensitivity |
| Kudzu root | 7.3±0.07 | Hyposensitivity |
| Astragalus membranaceus | 6.5±0.04 | Hyposensitivity |
| Andrographis paniculata (Burm. f.) Nees | 0 | Is not sensitive |
| Codonopsis pilosula | 0 | Is not sensitive |
| Chinese pulsatilla root | 0 | Is not sensitive |
| Radix aucklandiae | 0 | Is not sensitive |
| Gardenia jasminoides ellis | 0 | Is not sensitive |
| Honeysuckle | 0 | Is not sensitive |
| Medicine terminalia fruit | 0 | Is not sensitive |
| Dried rehmannia root | 0 | Is not sensitive |
| Radix Isatidis | 0 | Is not sensitive |
| Semen plantaginis | 0 | Is not sensitive |
Example 2 Effect of herbal formulations on the amount of Escherichia coli in feces of sows
According to the results of example 1, the compound Chinese herbal medicine preparation is prepared according to different weight parts, the compound Chinese herbal medicine preparation is crushed and added into the feed of the sows in the later period of gestation according to the dosage of 400g/kg, 25 sows in the later period of gestation are fed to each test group, the other 25 sows in the later period of gestation are used as controls (the Chinese herbal medicine preparation is not fed), respective excrement is collected after 10 days of feeding, and then the number of escherichia coli in the excrement is measured.
Test group 1: the weight ratio of the dried ginger, the kudzuvine root, the liquorice and the astragalus root is 1:1:2: 1.
Test group 2: the weight ratio of the dried ginger, the kudzuvine root, the liquorice and the astragalus root is 1:3:2: 4.
Test group 3: the weight ratio of the dried ginger, the kudzuvine root, the liquorice and the astragalus root is 2:1:2: 3.
Test group 4: the weight ratio of the dried ginger, the kudzuvine root, the liquorice and the astragalus root is 3:2:1: 4.
Test group 5: the weight ratio of the dried ginger, the kudzuvine root, the liquorice and the astragalus root is 4:2:3: 1.
The results are shown in table 2, which shows that the Chinese herbal medicine preparation can reduce the number of escherichia coli in the excrement of the sow, but different proportions of the dried ginger, the radix puerariae, the liquorice and the astragalus have obvious influence on inhibiting the escherichia coli in the excrement, and the proportion of the dried ginger, the radix puerariae, the liquorice and the astragalus in parts by weight is 1:3:2:4 which is the optimal proportion.
TABLE 2 influence of the Chinese herbal preparation on the amount of E.coli in the faeces of sows
| Group of | Escherichia coli (log cfu/g) |
| Coarse control | 7.686±0.043a |
| Test group 1 | 7.345±0.025a |
| Test group 2 | 6.523±0.021b |
| Test group 3 | 6.984±0.032a |
| Test group 4 | 7.214±0.011a |
| Test group 5 | 7.015±0.024a |
Note: the same column of shoulder marks are different and show significant difference (P < 0.05)
Example 3 Effect of puffed flaxseed on antioxidant capacity of serum of farrowing sows
The nutrient standard of the control group and the test group is consistent, and the test group uses the puffed linseed on the basis of the control group. Selecting 5 sows with age of 84 days of gestation, feeding the test group and the control group with daily ration respectively, collecting blood on the day of parturition, centrifuging, collecting supernatant, and determining the activity of superoxide dismutase and catalase and the content of malondialdehyde by using a kit.
The results are shown in table 3, which indicates that the puffed flaxseed has the function of improving the antioxidant capacity of sows.
TABLE 3 Effect of puffed flaxseed on the antioxidant capacity of serum from farrowing sows
Note: the same column of shoulder marks are different and show significant difference (P < 0.05)
Example 4 demonstration of dietary fiber to increase fecal moisture content
Selecting 24 sows at the later stage of gestation, randomly dividing into 2 groups, feeding corn soybean meal type daily ration for a control group, and adding 5% of puffed flaxseed, 4% of soybean hull and 5% of beet pulp on the basis of the feed of the control group for a test group. The dietary standards of the test group and the control group are consistent, and the results are shown in table 4, which shows that the dietary fiber can improve the water content in the excrement and relieve the occurrence of constipation.
TABLE 4 Effect of dietary fiber on sow feces moisture content
Note: the same column of shoulder marks are different and show significant difference (P < 0.05)
Example 5 Effect of malto-oligosaccharide and Complex acidulant on microorganisms and constipation in feces of sows
Selecting 20 sows at the later stage of gestation, randomly dividing into 2 groups, feeding corn soybean meal type daily ration for a control group, and directly adding 0.15% isomaltooligosaccharide and 0.4% compound acidifier on the basis of the feed of the control group for a test group.
The results are shown in Table 5, which shows that isomaltooligosaccharide and the compound acidifier can promote the growth of beneficial bacteria in intestinal tracts of sows, inhibit the growth of harmful bacteria and reduce the occurrence of constipation.
TABLE 5 influence of malto-oligosaccharide and Complex acidifier on microorganisms and constipation in feces of sows
| Group of | Escherichia coli (log cfu/g) | Lactobacillus (log cfu/g) | Number of heads in constipation |
| Coarse control | 7.674±0.022a | 6.638±0.032 | 1 |
| Test group | 6.616±0.031b | 7.121±0.024 | 0 |
Note: the same column of shoulder marks are different and show significant difference (P < 0.05)
EXAMPLE 6 composition and preparation of a Compound feed according to the invention
1. The compound premix for the perinatal period of the sows consists of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 5g/kg of vitamin A (500kIU/g), 0.7g/kg of vitamin D3(500kIU/g), 40g/kg of vitamin E (50%), 0.7g/kg of vitamin K3 (96%), 0.4g/kg of vitamin B1 (98%), 2g/kg of vitamin B2 (80%), 0.8g/kg of vitamin B6 (98%), 0.5g/kg of vitamin B12 (1%), 8g/kg of nicotinic acid (98%), 7g/kg of D-calcium pantothenate (98%), 1.2g/kg of folic acid (80%), 7g/kg of biotin (2%), 15g/kg of copper glycinate containing 21% of copper, 120g/kg of iron-17% of iron glycine complex, 70g/kg of manganese-containing manganese 15%, 100g/kg of zinc-containing 21% of zinc glycinate, 0.2% of selenium-containing yeast, 15g/kg of potassium iodide containing 1% of iodine, and the balance of carrier zeolite powder, wherein the data in parentheses are the specification of each raw material.
2. Puffing flaxseeds: mixing semen Lini and soybean meal at a ratio of 3:2 (adding ethoxyquinoline with content of 66% of 0.1%), pulverizing with 2.0mm sieve, puffing at 130 deg.C, and cooling.
3. The Chinese herbal medicine preparation comprises the following components: mixing Zingiberis rhizoma, radix Puerariae, Glycyrrhrizae radix, and radix astragali at a ratio of 1:3:2: 4.
4. Compound acidifier: 22 wt% of fumaric acid, 23 wt% of phosphoric acid, 6 wt% of lactic acid, 27 wt% of citric acid and the balance of carrier vermiculite.
5. The compound feed of the invention comprises the following raw materials by weight: 555.5g/kg of corn, 196g/kg of soybean meal, 50g/kg of beet pulp, 40g/kg of soybean hull, 50g/kg of puffed linseed prepared in step 2, 25g/kg of soybean oil, 20g/kg of super steam fish meal, 15g/kg of cane molasses, 11.4g/kg of calcium hydrophosphate, 7.3g/kg of mountain flour, 5.6g/kg of sodium chloride, 5g/kg of the compound premix for the perinatal period of the sows prepared in step 1, 4g/kg of HyD (25 hydroxy vitamin D30.125 g per kg of HyD), 4g/kg of the Chinese herbal medicine preparation prepared in step 3, 4g/kg of the compound acidifier prepared in step 4, 2.9g/kg of L-lysine sulfate (70%), 1.5g/kg of choline chloride (50%), 1.5g/kg of isomaltooligosaccharide (90%), threonine (98.5%) 0.6g/kg, methionine (99%) 0.3g/kg, high temperature resistant phytase (10000u/g)0.2g/kg, ethoxyquinoline (66%) 0.2 g/kg. Wherein the data in parentheses are the specifications of each raw material.
6. The preparation of the compound feed of the invention comprises the following steps: and (3) mixing the raw materials in the step (5) (wherein the corn, the soybean meal and the beet pulp are crushed by a 4.0mm sieve sheet), granulating at 75-80 ℃, and cooling to obtain the compound feed for the sows in the perinatal period.
Example 7 composition and preparation of a Compound feed of the invention
1. The compound premix for the perinatal period of the sows consists of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 5g/kg of vitamin A (500kIU/g), 0.7g/kg of vitamin D3(500kIU/g), 40g/kg of vitamin E (50%), 0.7g/kg of vitamin K3 (96%), 0.4g/kg of vitamin B1 (98%), 2g/kg of vitamin B2 (80%), 0.8g/kg of vitamin B6 (98%), 0.5g/kg of vitamin B12 (1%), 8g/kg of nicotinic acid (98%), 7g/kg of D-calcium pantothenate (98%), 1.2g/kg of folic acid (80%), 7g/kg of biotin (2%), 15g/kg of copper glycinate containing 21% of copper, 120g/kg of iron-17% of iron glycine complex, 70g/kg of manganese-containing manganese 15%, 100g/kg of zinc-containing 21% of zinc glycinate, 0.2% of selenium-containing yeast, 15g/kg of potassium iodide containing 1% of iodine, and the balance of carrier zeolite powder, wherein the data in parentheses are the specification of each raw material.
2. Puffing flaxseeds: mixing semen Lini and soybean meal at a ratio of 3:2 (adding ethoxyquinoline with content of 66% of 0.1%), pulverizing with 2.0mm sieve, puffing at 130 deg.C, and cooling.
3. The Chinese herbal medicine preparation comprises the following components: mixing Zingiberis rhizoma, radix Puerariae, Glycyrrhrizae radix, and radix astragali at a ratio of 1:3:2: 4.
4. Compound acidifier: 22 wt% of fumaric acid, 23 wt% of phosphoric acid, 6 wt% of lactic acid, 27 wt% of citric acid and the balance of carrier vermiculite.
5. The compound feed of the invention comprises the following raw materials by weight: 520g/kg of corn, 220g/kg of soybean meal, 60g/kg of beet pulp, 50g/kg of soybean hull, 40g/kg of puffed linseed prepared in the step 2, 30g/kg of soybean oil, 15g/kg of super steam fish meal, 20g/kg of cane molasses, 8g/kg of calcium hydrophosphate, 8g/kg of stone powder, 5g/kg of sodium chloride, 5.5g/kg of compound premix for perinatal period of sows prepared in the step 1, 4.5g/kg of HyD premix (containing 25g of hydroxy vitamin D30.125 per kg), 3.5g/kg of Chinese herbal medicine preparation prepared in the step 3, 3g/kg of compound acidifier prepared in the step 4, 3.5g/kg of L-lysine sulfate (70%), 1g/kg of choline chloride (50%), 2g/kg of isomaltooligosaccharide (90%), threonine (98.5%) 0.4g/kg, methionine (99%) 0.2g/kg, high temperature resistant phytase (10000u/g)0.25g/kg, ethoxyquinoline (66%) 0.15 g/kg. Wherein the data in parentheses are the specifications of each raw material.
6. The preparation of the compound feed of the invention comprises the following steps: and (3) mixing the raw materials in the step (5) (wherein the corn, the soybean meal and the beet pulp are crushed by a 4.0mm sieve sheet), granulating at 75-80 ℃, and cooling to obtain the compound feed for the sows in the perinatal period.
EXAMPLE 8 composition and preparation of the Compound feed of the present invention
1. The compound premix for the perinatal period of the sows consists of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 5g/kg of vitamin A (500kIU/g), 0.7g/kg of vitamin D3(500kIU/g), 40g/kg of vitamin E (50%), 0.7g/kg of vitamin K3 (96%), 0.4g/kg of vitamin B1 (98%), 2g/kg of vitamin B2 (80%), 0.8g/kg of vitamin B6 (98%), 0.5g/kg of vitamin B12 (1%), 8g/kg of nicotinic acid (98%), 7g/kg of D-calcium pantothenate (98%), 1.2g/kg of folic acid (80%), 7g/kg of biotin (2%), 15g/kg of copper glycinate containing 21% of copper, 120g/kg of iron-17% of iron glycine complex, 70g/kg of manganese-containing manganese 15%, 100g/kg of zinc-containing 21% of zinc glycinate, 0.2% of selenium-containing yeast, 15g/kg of potassium iodide containing 1% of iodine, and the balance of carrier zeolite powder, wherein the data in parentheses are the specification of each raw material.
2. Puffing flaxseeds: mixing semen Lini and soybean meal at a ratio of 3:2 (adding ethoxyquinoline with content of 66% of 0.1%), pulverizing with 2.0mm sieve, puffing at 130 deg.C, and cooling.
3. The Chinese herbal medicine preparation comprises the following components: mixing Zingiberis rhizoma, radix Puerariae, Glycyrrhrizae radix, and radix astragali at a ratio of 1:3:2: 4.
4. Compound acidifier: 22 wt% of fumaric acid, 23 wt% of phosphoric acid, 6 wt% of lactic acid, 27 wt% of citric acid and the balance of carrier vermiculite.
5. The compound feed of the invention comprises the following raw materials by weight: 585g/kg of corn, 180g/kg of soybean meal, 40g/kg of beet pulp, 30g/kg of soybean peel, 60g/kg of puffed linseed prepared in step 2, 20g/kg of soybean oil, 25g/kg of super steam fish meal, 10g/kg of cane molasses, 13g/kg of calcium hydrogen phosphate, 6.2g/kg of stone powder, 6g/kg of sodium chloride, 4.5g/kg of compound premix for perinatal period of sows prepared in step 1, 3.5g/kg of HyD premix (containing 25g of hydroxy vitamin D30.125 per kg), 4.5g/kg of Chinese herbal medicine preparation prepared in step 3, 5g/kg of compound acidifier prepared in step 4, 2.7g/kg of L-lysine sulfate (70%), 2g/kg of choline chloride (50%), 1g/kg of isomaltooligosaccharide (90%), threonine (98.5%) 0.8g/kg, methionine (99%) 0.4g/kg, high temperature resistant phytase (10000u/g)0.15g/kg, ethoxyquinoline (66%) 0.25 g/kg. Wherein the data in parentheses are the specifications of each raw material.
6. The preparation of the compound feed of the invention comprises the following steps: and (3) mixing the raw materials in the step (5) (wherein the corn, the soybean meal and the beet pulp are crushed by a 4.0mm sieve sheet), granulating at 75-80 ℃, and cooling to obtain the compound feed for the sows in the perinatal period.
Test example 1
1 materials and methods
1.1 test sample: the compound feed prepared in examples 6 to 8 of the present invention.
1.2 test time: 2016, 3 months, 6 days to 4 months, 3 days.
1.3 test sites: liaoning Dabei farm animal husbandry Co Ltd
1.4 design of test:
about 48 Mei series white sows which are pregnant for about 107 days and have similar body weights, good health conditions, similar fatness and similar gestation times are selected, and the Mei series white sows are randomly divided into 4 treatment groups (a control group and a compound feed group of the invention, wherein the treatment groups are 3) by adopting single-factor complete random test design, each group has 12 repetitions, and each sow is taken as one repetition. The test group is a compound feed for sows fed in the perinatal period 1 week before and after parturition, the control group is a compound feed for lactating sows fed in the perinatal period 1 week after parturition, the lactating sows fed from 8 days after parturition to mating, and the compound feed for lactating sows is a high-grade compound feed for lactating sows sold in Shenyang English science and technology development Co., Ltd (the formula is shown in table 6). The control group sows are used for antibiotic health care, and the test group sows are not used.
TABLE 6 lactating sow feed formula sheet
| Name of raw materials | Content (%) |
| Corn (corn) | 61 |
| Bean pulp | 26 |
| Fish meal | 2 |
| Bran | 4 |
| Soybean oil | 3 |
| 4% premix | 4 |
Note: the 4% premix contains stone powder, calcium hydrogen phosphate, salt, trace elements, vitamins, lysine hydrochloride, etc.
1.5 test diets: the daily ration of the experimental group is the compound feed for the sows prepared in the embodiments 6 to 8 in the perinatal period, and the control group is the high-grade feed for the lactating sows sold in Shenyang English high-tech development Co.
1.6 Breeding management
The experimental pig is fed by a single bed, is fed manually, is drunk freely and is controlled by temperature automatically. Grouping according to fetal times and fat condition before getting to bed.
1.6 test determination indexes: the weight of a litter, litter size of born, litter size of weak litter, birth process of sow, number of post-partum inflammation, daily feed intake of sow, litter size of weaned piglet, number of heat of oestrus of sow after weaning within 7 days and the like are recorded by taking repetition as a unit, and average total litter size, litter size of born litter, average litter size of born, average litter dead birth rate, litter size of born weak litter, average birth process, average litter size of weaning, average daily material consumption of sow, average litter size of weaning at 21 days of age, back fat loss in lactation, oestrus rate within 7 days after weaning, incidence rate of post-partum vaginal inflammation and the like are calculated.
1.7 statistical analysis
Statistical analysis of the test data was performed using SPSS 10.0 software.
2 the results are shown in table 7.
As can be seen from table 7: compared with a control group, the number of live piglets in the litter is increased by 4.4-7.0%, the weak piglet proportion is reduced by 31.9-41.7%, the labor process is shortened by 0.85-1.17 hours, the incidence rate of genital tract inflammation is reduced by 33.2-66.8%, the incidence rate of constipation is reduced by 50-100%, the number of weaned piglets in the litter is increased by 5.1-10.2%, the average weight of weaned piglets in the litter at 21 days is increased by 3.9-6.2%, the feed intake of sows in the lactation period is increased by 7.9-10.7%, the loss of backfat is reduced by 31.4-42.4%, and the oestrus rate in 7 days after weaning is increased by 11.1-33.1%.
3 conclusion
Test results show that the compound feed for sows in the perinatal period has balanced nutrition, enhances the addition of some functional raw materials, can effectively maintain the health of intestinal tracts and birth canals, reduces constipation, can effectively shorten the birth process of sows, reduces the incidence rate of inflammation, and further improves the reproductive performance of sows, such as the reduction of weak farrowing rate, the improvement of weaning weight and oestrus rate of sows within 7 days after weaning, and the like.
TABLE 7 influence of the Compound feed of the invention on the Productivity of sows
| Item | Control group | Example 6 | Example 7 | Example 8 | P value |
| Total litter size (head) | 11.45±2.63 | 12.25±2.44 | 12.16±2.47 | 11.95±2.55 | P＜0.05 |
| Weak proportion (%) | 6.23±0.84 | 3.72±0.66 | 4.24±0.73 | 3.63±1.04 | P＜0.05 |
| Labor (hours) | 4.52±1.03 | 3.35±1.23 | 3.67±1.47 | 3.54±1.16 | P＜0.05 |
| Incidence of genital tract inflammation (%) | 25％ | 8.3％ | 8.3％ | 16.7％ | - |
| The number of heads in the case of constipation | 2 | 0 | 0 | 1 | - |
| Number of weaned pigs in nest (head) | 9.8±1.23 | 10.8±1.43 | 10.4±1.07 | 10.3±1.03 | P＜0.05 |
| Average weight of 21-day-old weaning litter (kg) | 5.96±0.76 | 6.19±0.43 | 6.28±0.88 | 6.33±0.80 | P＜0.05 |
| Average feed intake (kg/day) | 5.44±0.65 | 5.96±0.71 | 5.87±0.67 | 6.02±0.82 | P＜0.05 |
| Loss of backfat (mm) in lactation period | 3.82±1.08 | 2.54±0.92 | 2.2±0.71 | 2.62±0.87 | P＜0.05 |
| Estrus rate (%) -7 days after weaning | 75％ | 100％ | 91.7％ | 83.3％ | - |
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, various modifications and decorations can be made without departing from the technical principle of the present invention, and these modifications and decorations should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. The compound feed for sows in the perinatal period is characterized by comprising the following components in parts by weight: 585g/kg of corn 520, 220g/kg of soybean meal 180, 40-60g/kg of beet pulp, 30-50g/kg of soybean hull, 40-60g/kg of puffed linseed, 20-30g/kg of soybean oil, 15-25g/kg of super steam fish meal, 10-20g/kg of cane molasses, 8-13g/kg of calcium hydrophosphate, 6.2-8g/kg of stone powder, 5-6g/kg of sodium chloride, 4.5-5.5g/kg of compound premix for sows in the perinatal period, 3.5-4.5g/kg of hydroxy premix vitamin D3 agent, 3.5-4.5g/kg of Chinese herbal medicine preparation, 3-5g/kg of compound acidifying agent, 2.7-3.5g/kg of L-lysine sulfate, 1-2g/kg of choline chloride, 1-2g/kg of isomaltose hypgather, 0.4-0.8g/kg of threonine, 0.2-0.4g/kg of methionine, 0.15-0.25g/kg of phytase and 0.15-0.25g/kg of ethoxyquinoline; wherein, the preparation method of the puffed linseed comprises the steps of mixing linseed and soybean meal according to a ratio of 3:2, adding 0.1% of ethoxyquinoline according to the weight ratio, crushing 2.0mm sieve pieces, puffing at 130 ℃, and cooling; the Chinese herbal medicine preparation is prepared from dried ginger, kudzu root, liquorice and astragalus root according to the weight ratio of 1:3:2: 4.
2. The compound feed as claimed in claim 1, which comprises the following components in parts by weight: 555.5g/kg of corn, 196g/kg of soybean meal, 50g/kg of beet pulp, 40g/kg of soybean hull, 50g/kg of puffed linseed, 25g/kg of soybean oil, 20g/kg of super steam fish meal, 15g/kg of cane molasses, 11.4g/kg of calcium hydrophosphate, 7.3g/kg of stone powder, 5.6g/kg of sodium chloride, 5g/kg of perinatal sow compound premix, 4g/kg of hydroxy vitamin D3 premix, 4g/kg of Chinese herbal medicine preparation, 4g/kg of compound acidifier, 2.9g/kg of L-lysine sulfate, 1.5g/kg of choline chloride, 1.5g/kg of isomaltooligosaccharide, 0.6g/kg of threonine, 0.3g/kg of methionine, 0.2g/kg of phytase and 0.2g/kg of ethoxyquin.
3. The compound feed as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein the compound premix for the perinatal sows comprises the following components in parts by weight: 5g/kg of vitamin A, 30.7g/kg of vitamin D, 40g/kg of vitamin E, 30.7g/kg of vitamin K, 10.4g/kg of vitamin B, 22 g/kg of vitamin B, 60.8g/kg of vitamin B, 120.5g/kg of vitamin B, 8g/kg of nicotinic acid, 7g/kg of D-calcium pantothenate, 1.2g/kg of folic acid, 7g/kg of biotin, 15g/kg of copper glycinate, 120g/kg of iron glycinate complex, 70g/kg of manganese methionine, 100g/kg of zinc glycinate, 45g/kg of yeast selenium and 15g/kg of potassium iodide.
4. The compound feed as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein the compound acidifier comprises the following components in parts by weight: 22 wt% of fumaric acid, 23 wt% of phosphoric acid, 6 wt% of lactic acid and 27 wt% of citric acid.
5. The compound feed as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein the perinatal sow is a sow which is 7 days postpartum before birth.
6. A method for preparing a compound feed as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 5, which comprises pulverizing the raw materials in a proportion of 4.0mm, mixing, granulating at 75-80 deg.C, and cooling.
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| CN109170164A (en) * | 2018-09-30 | 2019-01-11 | 湖南农业大学 | A kind of shortening sow stages of labor and the feed addictive of inter oestrual period and preparation method thereof |
| CN109349441A (en) * | 2018-11-13 | 2019-02-19 | 佛山科学技术学院 | A kind of perinatal period sow effect material and preparation method thereof |
| CN109303178A (en) * | 2018-11-16 | 2019-02-05 | 广州蓝雷生物科技有限公司 | A kind of sow stages of labor that shortens attacks tire material and preparation method thereof |
| CN110226679A (en) * | 2019-06-18 | 2019-09-13 | 湖南佳智生物科技有限公司 | A kind of pellet system high yield sows in perinatal period functionality supplement feed and its feeding method |
| CN110800862A (en) * | 2019-12-09 | 2020-02-18 | 安徽禾丰牧业有限公司 | Perinatal sow feed and preparation method and feeding method thereof |
| CN112088977A (en) * | 2020-09-30 | 2020-12-18 | 湖南九鼎科技（集团）有限公司 | Antibiotic-free compound feed for improving lactation performance of sows |
| CN114027406A (en) * | 2021-11-03 | 2022-02-11 | 江苏征泰饲料有限公司 | Feed suitable for perinatal sows and suckling piglets and preparation method thereof |
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