CN108435773A - A kind of micro- flotation of Plastics separator and its application method - Google Patents
A kind of micro- flotation of Plastics separator and its application method Download PDFInfo
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- CN108435773A CN108435773A CN201810348464.XA CN201810348464A CN108435773A CN 108435773 A CN108435773 A CN 108435773A CN 201810348464 A CN201810348464 A CN 201810348464A CN 108435773 A CN108435773 A CN 108435773A
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- micro
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- flotation
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09C—RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09C1/00—Reclamation of contaminated soil
- B09C1/02—Extraction using liquids, e.g. washing, leaching, flotation
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Separation Using Semi-Permeable Membranes (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of micro- flotation of Plastics separators, including the high water tank being sequentially communicated, reactor, sedimentation basin, open channel and filter, between the high water tank and reactor, between reactor and sedimentation basin, valve is equipped between sedimentation basin and open channel, water built in the high water tank, agitating device is equipped in the reactor, the filter is connected with the air pump for applying negative pressure, the filter includes the filter bowl being connected to the open channel, liquid collector for accepting filtered fluid, the filter membrane being placed between the filter bowl and liquid collector, the liquid collector connects the air pump.Floatation separator of the present invention is with strong points, so as to more effectively detach micro- plastics from sample；Separative efficiency of the present invention is high, and micro- plastics separation rate is up to 90% or more；Solvent for use of the present invention is distilled water, and environment friendly is strong.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the users of a kind of separator more particularly to a kind of micro- flotation of Plastics separator and the device
Method.
Background technology
Plastic pollution has become global environmental problem, and wherein " micro- plastics " pollution of grain size less than 5mm becomes again
Concerned new global environmental hazard.Due to its distinctive physicochemical characteristic, danger of micro- plastic pollution to soil environment
Evil is much larger than Bulk plastic rubbish.Micro- plastics not only can generate poison by discharging itself toxic chemical substance to soil environment
Evil, and can be by heavy metal, persistence organic pollutant, novel high poison organic pollution in surface enrichment environment to ecology
Environmental danger.In addition, the carrier as alien species and latent pathogen etc. brings serious harm to the ecosystem.
The polyethylene (PE) and polypropylene (PP) of low-density are used with two kinds of very extensive plastic products in agricultural
The vinyl house that PE and PP makes can play the role of reducing moisture evaporation in agricultural production and increase the soil moisture.So
And being widely used worldwide with vinyl house, micro- plastics are to agrological pollution also getting worse, still,
There is no the correlative studys about micro- plastics detection and isolation technics in agricultural soil at present.
In recent years, the method for having developed micro- plastics in several detection water, wherein more it is important that higher density solution
Floatation.It, can be easily from the deposit containing a small amount of impurity and a small amount of organic matter by flotation using higher density solution
The middle micro- plastics of extraction.However, since micro- plastics can closely be adsorbed on soil particle surface, pass through above-mentioned floatation
It is difficult micro- plastics in extraction soil.The present invention is directed to disadvantages described above, micro- flotation of Plastics in a kind of new environmental sample of exploitation
Separation method can efficiently separate micro- plastics in agricultural soil, have very strong scientific research and commercial practicability.
Invention content
The flotation unit that the purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of suitable for extracting micro- plastics soil, the device pass through by
Soil particle is sufficiently stirred micro- plastics that rear precipitate flotation goes out in soil in water, and device makes full use of gravity to make liquid
It is flowed between each region, has saved the energy.
The technical solution used in the present invention is：A kind of micro- flotation of Plastics separator, including the high-order water that is sequentially communicated
Case, reactor, sedimentation basin, open channel and filter, between the high water tank and reactor, between reactor and sedimentation basin, it is heavy
Valve is equipped between shallow lake pond and open channel, water built in the high water tank, the reactor is interior to be equipped with agitating device, the filtering
Device is connected with the air pump for applying negative pressure, and the filter includes the filter bowl being connected to the open channel, for accepting filtering
The liquid collector of liquid, the filter membrane being placed between the filter bowl and liquid collector afterwards, the liquid collector connect the air
Pump.
Further, the high water tank is placed in above the reactor, and the water in the high water tank is made by gravity
With the inflow reactor.
Further, the open channel bottom end is less than the sedimentation basin upper surface.
Further, the filter membrane is nitrocellulose filter.
Further, the valve between the sedimentation basin and open channel is Timed valve.
Further, the filter bowl is detachably connected with the liquid collector, and the filter bowl is equipped with for placing filtering
The holder of film.
Further, the air pump is diaphragm-type vacuum pump.
Further, the mass mixing ratio of the soil and water is 1:5.
The present invention also provides a kind of application method based on micro- flotation of Plastics separator described in claim 1, packets
It includes following steps (1) soil to be screened is placed in reactor；(2) valve between high water tank and reactor is opened, to institute
It states and adds water in reactor；(3) agitating device is opened, soil and water in the reactor is made to be sufficiently mixed；(4) by fully stirring
Liquid after mixing, which flows into the sedimentation basin, to be precipitated；(5) valve between the sedimentation basin and open channel is opened, and it is described heavy to make
Shallow lake pond upper end liquid is filtered by open channel into the filter.
Advantageous effect caused by the present invention includes：Floatation separator of the present invention is with strong points, so as to more effective
Micro- plastics are detached from sample；Separative efficiency of the present invention is high, and micro- plastics separation rate is up to 90% or more；It is molten used in the present invention
Agent is distilled water, and environment friendly is strong；The present invention is equipped with timing means, can fully automatic operation.
Description of the drawings
The structural schematic diagram of floatation separator in Fig. 1 present invention；
1- high water tanks, 2- reactors, 3- sedimentation basins, 4- open channels, 5- filters, 6- diaphragm-type vacuum pumps, 7- are stirred in figure
Mix device, 8- filter bowls, 9- filter membranes, 10- triangle liquid-collecting bottles, 11- valves, 12- Timed valves.
Specific implementation mode
Further details of explanation is done to the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings and detailed description, it should be appreciated that
Protection scope of the present invention is not restricted by specific implementation.
As shown in Figure 1, the micro- flotation of Plastics separator of the present invention, including the high water tank 1, reactor 2 of unicom, heavy successively
Shallow lake pond 3, open channel 4 and filter 5；Wherein, distilled water is stored in high water tank 1,1 exit of high water tank is equipped with valve
11；Blender 7 is equipped in reactor 2, the exit of reactor 2 is equipped with Timed valve 12；The inlet of open channel 4 is equipped with timing valve
Door 12, can control the sedimentation time of liquid；Filter membrane 9 is equipped in filter 5, filter membrane 9 is nitrocellulose filter, filtering
Device 5 is made of the triangle liquid-collecting bottle 10 of the filter bowl 8 on top and lower part, and the outside of filter 5 is additionally provided with diaphragm-type vacuum pump 6, every
Diaphragm type vacuum pump 6 can vacuumize the cavity under filter membrane in filter 5, to make the cavity under filter membrane 9 form negative pressure, Jin Erjia
Fast filtrate flows into from filter membrane 9 in 5 cavity of filter, accelerates the rate of filtration.
Pedotheque containing micro- plastics about 5-20g is placed in reactor, the valve of high water tank is opened, by 1:5
Ratio imports distilled water in reactor, and 6-8 hours are stirred to obtain uniform suspension using blender.It is fixed after stipulated time
When valve automatically turn on, liquid flow into sedimentation basin precipitate 12-15 hours.The Timed valve of open channel inlet is opened after stipulated time
It opens, supernatant liquid flows into open channel, and the larger sand grain of density is deposited in the bottom of sedimentation basin.Liquid is flowed directly by open channel
Filter can be vacuumized at this time by vacuum pump, to accelerate the rate of filtration；The micro- plastics separated after the completion are filtered to be located at
On filter membrane.
It is S to take pedotheque 10g numbers, and satisfactory micro- plastic sample m=prepared by laboratory is added into S samples
0.1639g.It is referred to as S to take the filter membrane used in filter 5 of the present invention, its weight0=0.0643g.Filter membrane is put back into filtering
In device 5, after device assembles, takes sample to be placed in reactor 2, carry out a series of floating operations.Filter membrane is dried after filtering
It weighs, show that filter membrane weight is S at this time1=0.2289g.10g pedotheques separately are taken, any micro- plastics are not added in the sample.It takes
Filter membrane used in filter 5 of the present invention, its weight are referred to as S2=0.0689g.Filter membrane is put back in filter 5, device
After assembling, sample is taken to be placed in reactor 2, carries out a series of floating operations.Filter membrane drying is weighed after filtering, obtains this
When filter membrane weight be S3=0.0843g.The rate of recovery formula of known micro- plastics is：
Can obtain separator of the present invention with formula has the higher rate of recovery for the FLOTATION SEPARATION of micro- plastics, has stronger
Scientific research and commercial practicability.
The preferred embodiment of the present invention is above are only, the present invention is not limited in the content of embodiment.For in this field
Technical staff for, can have various change and change within the scope of technical scheme of the present invention, made by it is any variation and
Change, within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of micro- flotation of Plastics separator, it is characterised in that：Including be sequentially communicated high water tank, reactor, sedimentation basin,
Open channel and filter are all provided between the high water tank and reactor, between reactor and sedimentation basin, between sedimentation basin and open channel
There is valve, water built in the high water tank, the reactor is interior to be equipped with agitating device, and the filter is connected with negative for applying
The air pump of pressure, the filter include the filter bowl being connected to the open channel, the liquid collector for accepting filtered fluid, set
Filter membrane between the filter bowl and liquid collector, the liquid collector connect the air pump.
2. micro- flotation of Plastics separator according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The high water tank is placed in described anti-
It answers above device, the water in the high water tank flows into the reactor by gravity.
3. micro- flotation of Plastics separator according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The open channel bottom end is heavy less than described
Shallow lake pond upper surface.
4. micro- flotation of Plastics separator according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The filter membrane is nitrocellulose
Filter membrane.
5. micro- flotation of Plastics separator according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Between the sedimentation basin and open channel
Valve is Timed valve.
6. micro- flotation of Plastics separator according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The filter bowl and the liquid collector
It is detachably connected, the filter bowl is equipped with the holder for placing filter membrane.
7. micro- flotation of Plastics separator according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The air pump is diaphragm type vacuum
Pump.
8. a kind of application method based on micro- flotation of Plastics separator described in claim 1, it is characterised in that：Including following
Step（1）Soil to be screened is placed in reactor；（2）The valve between high water tank and reactor is opened, to the reaction
Water is added in device；（3）Agitating device is opened, soil and water in the reactor is made to be sufficiently mixed；（4）After being sufficiently stirred
Liquid is flowed into the sedimentation basin and is precipitated；（5）Valve between the sedimentation basin and open channel is opened, and is made on the sedimentation basin
Liquid is held to be filtered into the filter by open channel.
9. the application method of micro- flotation of Plastics separator according to claim 8, it is characterised in that：The soil and water
Mass mixing ratio be 1:5.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810348464.XA CN108435773A (en) | 2018-04-18 | 2018-04-18 | A kind of micro- flotation of Plastics separator and its application method |
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| CN201810348464.XA CN108435773A (en) | 2018-04-18 | 2018-04-18 | A kind of micro- flotation of Plastics separator and its application method |
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Cited By (8)
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| CN109228022A (en) * | 2018-10-11 | 2019-01-18 | 华南理工大学 | A kind of enriching apparatus and its application method quickly continuously separating micro- plastics |
| CN109591223A (en) * | 2018-12-07 | 2019-04-09 | 佛山科学技术学院 | A kind of separator for separation soil and micro- plastics in soil |
| CN109655321A (en) * | 2018-11-07 | 2019-04-19 | 天津大学 | The floating and enriching device and its screening technique of micro- plastics |
| CN109682654A (en) * | 2018-12-19 | 2019-04-26 | 河南大学 | The extraction element and extracting method of micro- plastics in a kind of soil |
| CN110726714A (en) * | 2019-11-20 | 2020-01-24 | 中国科学院海洋研究所 | Filter cup, filter device and application of filter cup and filter device in Raman spectrum surface scanning detection method |
| CN113618966A (en) * | 2021-08-30 | 2021-11-09 | 陕西师范大学 | Method for separating micro plastic and biochar |
| CN113843268A (en) * | 2021-09-18 | 2021-12-28 | 贵州大学 | Separation device and separation method for karst farmland soil micro-plastic |
| CN115259586A (en) * | 2021-04-29 | 2022-11-01 | 暨南大学 | Method for extracting micro-plastic from sludge and application |
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| CN109228022A (en) * | 2018-10-11 | 2019-01-18 | 华南理工大学 | A kind of enriching apparatus and its application method quickly continuously separating micro- plastics |
| CN109228022B (en) * | 2018-10-11 | 2023-09-26 | 华南理工大学 | Enrichment device for rapidly and continuously separating microplastic and application method thereof |
| CN109655321A (en) * | 2018-11-07 | 2019-04-19 | 天津大学 | The floating and enriching device and its screening technique of micro- plastics |
| CN109591223A (en) * | 2018-12-07 | 2019-04-09 | 佛山科学技术学院 | A kind of separator for separation soil and micro- plastics in soil |
| CN109591223B (en) * | 2018-12-07 | 2021-02-19 | 佛山科学技术学院 | A separator that is arranged in soil to separate earth and little plastics |
| CN109682654A (en) * | 2018-12-19 | 2019-04-26 | 河南大学 | The extraction element and extracting method of micro- plastics in a kind of soil |
| CN109682654B (en) * | 2018-12-19 | 2021-04-16 | 河南大学 | Extraction device and extraction method for micro-plastic in soil |
| CN110726714A (en) * | 2019-11-20 | 2020-01-24 | 中国科学院海洋研究所 | Filter cup, filter device and application of filter cup and filter device in Raman spectrum surface scanning detection method |
| CN115259586A (en) * | 2021-04-29 | 2022-11-01 | 暨南大学 | Method for extracting micro-plastic from sludge and application |
| CN113618966A (en) * | 2021-08-30 | 2021-11-09 | 陕西师范大学 | Method for separating micro plastic and biochar |
| CN113843268A (en) * | 2021-09-18 | 2021-12-28 | 贵州大学 | Separation device and separation method for karst farmland soil micro-plastic |
| CN113843268B (en) * | 2021-09-18 | 2022-08-05 | 贵州大学 | Separation device and separation method for karst farmland soil micro-plastic |
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Application publication date: 20180824 |
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