CN111420794A - Device and method for separating and extracting micro-plastic in soil - Google Patents
Device and method for separating and extracting micro-plastic in soil Download PDFInfo
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- CN111420794A CN111420794A CN202010246904.8A CN202010246904A CN111420794A CN 111420794 A CN111420794 A CN 111420794A CN 202010246904 A CN202010246904 A CN 202010246904A CN 111420794 A CN111420794 A CN 111420794A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03B—SEPARATING SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS
- B03B5/00—Washing granular, powdered or lumpy materials; Wet separating
- B03B5/28—Washing granular, powdered or lumpy materials; Wet separating by sink-float separation
- B03B5/30—Washing granular, powdered or lumpy materials; Wet separating by sink-float separation using heavy liquids or suspensions
- B03B5/44—Application of particular media therefor
- B03B5/442—Application of particular media therefor composition of heavy media
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B08—CLEANING
- B08B—CLEANING IN GENERAL; PREVENTION OF FOULING IN GENERAL
- B08B3/00—Cleaning by methods involving the use or presence of liquid or steam
- B08B3/04—Cleaning involving contact with liquid
- B08B3/10—Cleaning involving contact with liquid with additional treatment of the liquid or of the object being cleaned, e.g. by heat, by electricity or by vibration
- B08B3/102—Cleaning involving contact with liquid with additional treatment of the liquid or of the object being cleaned, e.g. by heat, by electricity or by vibration with means for agitating the liquid
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/28—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/28—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q
- G01N1/34—Purifying; Cleaning
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Abstract
The invention discloses a device and a method for separating and extracting micro-plastics in soil, and belongs to the technical field of solid waste treatment. The device includes separation system and filtration system, it is even with the flotation solution and the sample stirring in the separation tank through magnetic stirring device, the sample layering in the separation tank after stewing, the light little plastic pellet suspension of density is in the solution upper strata promptly on soil sample this moment, and heavier deposit subsides and is the deposit layer at the solution bottom promptly, then the flotation liquid in the liquid storage pot flows in the upper strata non-deposit layer in the separation tank through the feed liquor pipe, the bubble that utilizes aeration pump's aeration head department to produce simultaneously drives the upper solution that contains little plastic and flows in the suction filtration device and filters, thereby reach the purpose of separation. The device is simple and efficient, is easy to operate, and the separation method is green and economical and has a good separation effect.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of solid waste treatment, and relates to a device and a method for separating and extracting micro-plastics in soil.
Background
The plastic material is produced and used in large quantity in industry, agriculture and daily life due to the advantages of low cost, good ductility, durability, portability, water resistance, bright color and the like, and great convenience is provided for people, and the annual growth rate of the global plastic output is kept at 8.5 percent on average from the 20 th century and the 50 th century and almost reaches 3.6 × 10 percent to 20188Ton, and the database shows that the accumulated finished yield of plastic products in China in 2018 is 6042.15 ten thousand tons.
People pay more and more attention to and pay more attention to the harm caused by plastic particles with the particle size smaller than 5mm formed by the physical abrasion, chemical degradation and biological degradation cracking of waste plastics while enjoying the great convenience brought by the plastics and the plastic products. It was found that the process of forming micro-plastics from large plastic fragments is fast, while the degradation of micro-plastics to smaller particles and even mineralization is extremely slow, which means that the effects caused by micro-plastics are permanently cumulative. In recent years, as scientists have discovered micro-plastics in water and sediments in many sea areas in succession, they have become increasingly aware that micro-plastic contamination has become a global environmental problem.
In recent years, research on micro-plastics has been focused mainly on the ocean, but in practice, most of the plastic waste in the ocean comes from the land environment, and soil may contain larger (micro) plastic reservoirs than the ocean, and the research indicates that micro-plastics existing on the land may be 4-23 times as abundant as the ocean, and that micro-plastics are input in agricultural land soil per year far more than the input into the global ocean. Although the micro-plastics are ubiquitous in the land environment, the micro-plastics are more difficult to extract from the soil than from water and sediments due to the influence of soil texture, organic matter and aggregate structure, and the micro-plastics are less separated, extracted, identified and analyzed in the soil.
At present, an efficient and feasible standard method is not established for the separation and analysis of the micro-plastics in the soil and even the whole natural environment, and a simple and efficient method for extracting the micro-plastics from the soil is urgently needed to be established, so that technical support and a method are provided for the research on the current situation, the trend and the ecological effect of the micro-plastics pollution of the soil.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the invention aims to provide a device and a method for separating and extracting micro-plastics in soil, and establish the device and the method for extracting the micro-plastics in the soil, which have the advantages of simple device and good separation effect.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme to realize the purpose:
the invention discloses a separation and extraction device for micro-plastics in soil, which comprises a separation system and a filtering system, wherein the separation system comprises a separating tank and a filtering tank;
the separation system comprises a separation tank and a magnetic stirring device arranged at the bottom of the separation tank, wherein a filter tip is arranged on the side wall of the separation tank, an aeration device is arranged at the top of the separation tank, and the separation tank is sealed by fixing the aeration device through a sealing device;
the filtering system comprises a liquid storage tank and a suction filtration device, the liquid storage tank is connected with the separation tank sequentially through a liquid inlet pipe, an aeration device and the separation tank, the suction filtration device is connected with a suction filtration nozzle on the separation tank through a liquid conveying pipe, and a liquid outlet pipe is connected between the liquid storage tank and the suction filtration device;
the aeration device comprises an aeration pump, an aeration head I and an aeration head II, wherein the aeration head I and the aeration head II extend into the separation tank through a sealing device, the aeration head I is connected with the aeration pump, and the aeration head II is connected with the liquid inlet pipe.
Preferably, the aeration head I extends into the separation tank, and the vertical height of the aeration head I from the bottom surface of the separation tank is the same as the vertical height of the filter tip on the side wall of the separation tank from the bottom surface of the separation tank; the aeration head II extends into the separation tank and is positioned below the filter tip on the side wall of the separation tank.
Preferably, the sealing device comprises a rubber plug and two L tubes mounted on the rubber plug, the rubber plug is provided with two holes through which the L tube can pass and extend into the separation tank, and one ends of the two L tubes are respectively connected with the aeration head I and the aeration head II through silicone tubes.
Preferably, a peristaltic pump I is arranged on the liquid inlet pipe, and a peristaltic pump II is arranged on the liquid outlet pipe; and a hose reducing switch is also arranged on the liquid outlet pipe.
Preferably, the suction filtration device comprises a filter flask, a vacuum pump connected with the filter flask, and a funnel mounted at the top of the filter flask by using a perforated sealing plug, wherein filter paper is arranged in the funnel.
Further preferably, the filter flask is an upper and lower mouth filter flask; the lower mouth of the suction bottle is connected with the liquid storage tank through the liquid outlet pipe, and the upper mouth of the suction bottle is connected with the pump pipe of the vacuum pump.
Preferably, the separation tank is a suction bottle with a mouth, and the aeration head I is connected with an aeration pipe on an aeration pump through a L pipe.
The invention also discloses a separation and extraction method based on the separation and extraction device for the micro-plastics in the soil, which comprises the following steps:
step 1: flotation: adding the flotation solution into a separation tank, starting a magnetic stirring device, adding a sample to be treated into the separation tank, uniformly stirring, and standing until the mixed solution in the separation tank is divided into an upper non-precipitation layer and a lower precipitation layer, wherein the non-precipitation layer contains micro plastic particles;
step 2: and (3) filtering: adding a flotation solution into a liquid storage tank, introducing the flotation solution into a non-precipitation layer in a separation tank through a liquid inlet pipe, starting an aeration pump, and generating bubbles at an aeration head I, wherein at the moment, the upper-layer solution containing micro-plastics in the separation tank is driven by the bubbles generated at the aeration head I to flow into a suction filtration device through a liquid conveying pipe for filtration, and the device is kept running for 20-30 minutes;
and step 3: cleaning: closing the instrument, pouring out the precipitate at the bottom of the separation tank, adding distilled water into the separation tank, starting the suction filtration device, simultaneously opening the magnetic stirring device, cleaning the filter residues on the separation tank, the liquid storage tank and the suction filtration device, and drying the cleaned filter residues to obtain the micro plastic particles.
Preferably, in step 1, the flotation solution is added to the separation cell below the upper mouth of the suction flask with the upper mouth.
Preferably, the density of the flotation solution is not less than 1.50g/cm3(ii) a The solute of the flotation solution is sodium bromide.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the invention discloses a separating and extracting device for micro-plastic in soil, wherein a magnetic stirring device uniformly stirs a flotation solution and a soil sample in a separation tank, the sample in the separation tank is layered after standing, micro-plastic particles with lighter density in the soil sample are suspended on the upper layer of the solution, namely a non-precipitation layer, and heavier sediments are precipitated on the bottom layer of the solution, then the flotation solution in a liquid storage tank continuously flows into the upper non-precipitation layer in the separation tank through a liquid inlet pipe and an aeration head II, simultaneously gas generated by an aeration pump enters an aeration head I, bubbles are generated at the aeration head I, and the upper solution containing the micro-plastic is driven to flow into a suction filtration device for filtration, so that the purpose of separation is achieved, a liquid outlet pipe is arranged between the suction filtration device and the liquid storage tank, filtrate after suction filtration is recovered, and then enters the liquid storage tank again, and enters the separation tank through the liquid inlet pipe for re-separation, thereby realizing the repeated separation of the micro-plastic in the soil component. The device has simple structure, easy operation and good separation effect.
Further, the height of the aeration head I from the bottom surface of the separation tank is the same as the height of the filter tip on the side wall of the separation tank from the bottom surface of the separation tank; aeration head II stretches into in the separation tank and is located the below of separation tank lateral wall filter tip to can make the oxygen that aeration head I department produced can with the non-deposit layer full contact in the upper strata in the separation tank, improve separation efficiency.
Further, be provided with the rubber buffer of trompil on the utensil mouth buchner flask as the separation tank in this device, go up the mouth and pass through the transfer line and be connected to the funnel, remove the rubber buffer, extract the transfer line and can pour the abandonment soil sample after the separation to magnetic stirring device is installed to the separation tank bottom, and separation device easily dismouting, and it is convenient to wash.
Furthermore, peristaltic pumps are arranged on the liquid inlet pipe and the liquid outlet pipe, so that the flow of the solution entering the separation tank and the solution entering the liquid storage tank is controlled, and the separation efficiency and the recovery efficiency are improved; according to the invention, the collected soil sample is added into the flotation solution and added into the separation tank below the upper nozzle of the suction bottle with the upper nozzle, the mixture is stirred and then precipitated, then the peristaltic pump I, the aeration pump, the vacuum pump and the peristaltic pump II are started, and the hose reducing switch is adjusted to operate the device, so that the micro plastic particles mixed in the soil can be separated and extracted, the operation of personnel on duty is not needed, and the labor is saved.
Furthermore, the hose reducing switch is arranged on the liquid outlet pipe, so that the recovery process can be controlled at any time, and the separation efficiency of the micro-plastic in the soil is improved; the flotation solution that flows into the funnel in the separation tank passes through the filter paper, and the micro plastic is kept apart on the filter paper, flows into upper and lower mouth buchner flask behind the flotation solution passing through the filter paper, and the drain pipe passes through the peristaltic pump and inhales the liquid in the upper and lower mouth buchner flask into the liquid storage pot and recycles to use can reduce use cost.
The invention discloses a method for separating and extracting micro-plastics in soil, which is completed based on the device, components after sampling and pretreatment are separated in a separation tank, an upper layer solution containing the micro-plastics is filtered by using a flotation solution after standing and layering, and then the obtained micro-plastics are cleaned.
Furthermore, the solute of the flotation solution is sodium bromide which can be used as a non-toxic, non-corrosive and cheap sediment separating agent, so the method is economical and environment-friendly.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a device for separating and extracting micro-plastics in soil according to the invention;
FIG. 2 is a graph of the recovery of micropolastic in soil samples contaminated with nondegradable micropolastic L DPE of varying particle size;
FIG. 3 is a graph of the recovery of the micro-plastics in biodegradable micro-plastic PBS contaminated soil samples of different particle sizes;
FIG. 4 is a graph of the recovery of micro-plastics in soil samples contaminated with non-degradable micro-plastics PVC of different particle sizes;
FIG. 5 is recovery of micro-plastics in soil samples contaminated with non-degradable micro-plastics PP of different particle sizes;
FIG. 6 is the recovery of micro-plastics in PS-contaminated soil samples of non-degradable micro-plastics of different particle sizes;
FIG. 7 is the recovery of the micro-plastics in soil samples contaminated with biodegradable micro-plastics P L A of different particle sizes;
fig. 8 is a graph of the recovery of micro-plastics in different particle size biodegradable micro-plastic PBAT contaminated soil samples.
Wherein: 1 is the separation tank, 2 is the aeration pump, 3 is aeration head I, 4 is aeration head II, 5 is peristaltic pump I, 6 is the feed liquor pipe, 7 is the breather pipe, 8 is the vacuum pump, 9 is the buchner flask, 10 is the funnel, 11 is filter paper, 12 is the transfer line, 13 is the liquid storage pot, 14 is peristaltic pump II, 15 is the drain pipe, 16 is the hose reducing switch, 17 is magnetic stirring device.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical solutions of the present invention better understood, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
It should be noted that the terms "first," "second," and the like in the description and claims of the present invention and in the drawings described above are used for distinguishing between similar elements and not necessarily for describing a particular sequential or chronological order. It is to be understood that the data so used is interchangeable under appropriate circumstances such that the embodiments of the invention described herein are capable of operation in sequences other than those illustrated or described herein. Furthermore, the terms "comprises," "comprising," and "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, system, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of steps or elements is not necessarily limited to those steps or elements expressly listed, but may include other steps or elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings:
example 1:
as shown in figure 1, the device for separating and extracting the micro-plastics in the soil comprises a separation system and a filtration system, and is characterized in that a liquid inlet pipe 6 is arranged between a liquid storage tank 13 and a separation tank 1, a liquid outlet pipe 15 is arranged between an upper nozzle suction bottle 9 and a lower nozzle suction bottle 9 and the liquid storage tank 13, a peristaltic pump I5 and a peristaltic pump II14 are arranged on pipelines of the liquid inlet pipe 6 and the liquid outlet pipe 15, a hose reducing switch 16 is arranged on a pipeline of the liquid outlet pipe 15, a liquid conveying pipe 12 is arranged between the separation tank 1 and a funnel 10, filter paper 11 is arranged on the funnel 10, a magnetic stirring device 17 is arranged at the bottom of the separation tank 1, the separation tank 1 is a 1000ml hollow L pipe with an upper nozzle, the separation tank 1 is 22.5cm high, the inner diameter of the separation tank 1 is 41mm, a rubber plug provided with two rubber plugs with 6mm diameter holes is plugged into the bottle mouth of the separation tank 1, a 4 cm-6 type hollow L pipe with 7-10cm long plug is inserted into the separation tank 1, one rubber plug L pipe is connected with the liquid storage tank through a liquid inlet pipe 6, the liquid inlet pipe, the aeration pipe is connected with the bottom of the separation tank 1, the aeration tank 2, the aeration tank is connected with the aeration tank, the aeration tank 1, the aeration tank is connected with the aeration tank, the aeration head of the aeration tank, the aeration tank 1 is connected with the aeration tank, the aeration head of the aeration tank, the aeration head is connected with the aeration head of the aeration tank, the aeration tank is connected with the aeration tank.
The filter flask 9 in the filter system is a filter flask with an upper nozzle and a lower nozzle; the lower nozzle of the suction bottle 9 is connected with the liquid storage tank 13 through the liquid outlet pipe 15, and the upper nozzle is connected with the pump pipe of the vacuum pump 8. The filter paper 11 on the funnel 10 is medium-speed quantitative filter paper.
The liquid inlet pipe 6, the vent pipe 7 and the liquid outlet pipe 15 are all silicone tubes with the model of 4 x 6, the infusion pipe 12 is a latex tube with the model of 6 x 8, and the length of the liquid inlet pipe 6, the vent pipe 7, the infusion pipe 12 and the liquid outlet pipe 15 is 0.3-0.5 m. The type of a hose reducing switch 16 arranged on the liquid outlet pipe 15 is 8-8, namely the inner diameter is 6 mm.
When the device is used, the collected soil sample is added into the flotation solution and is added into the separation tank 1 until the separation tank is below the upper suction filter of the separation tank, the flotation solution is stirred and then precipitated, then the flotation solution is added into the liquid storage tank 13, the peristaltic pump I5, the aeration pump 2, the vacuum pump 8 and the peristaltic pump II14 are started, and the hose reducing switch 16 is adjusted.
The method for separating and extracting the micro-plastic in the soil based on the device comprises the following steps:
preparing a sample to be treated, namely simulating a soil sample polluted by non-degradable micro plastic L DPE with different particle sizes, pretreating the soil sample, removing impurities from the soil sample, and then air-drying to obtain the sample to be treated;
step 1: flotation: adding the flotation solution into the separation tank 1, putting a magnetic stirrer, starting the magnetic stirring device 17 to drive the magnetic stirrer to rotate, wherein the solute of the flotation solution is sodium bromide, and the density of the flotation solution is not less than 1.50g/cm3Adding 30g of a sample to be treated into the separation tank 1, stirring for 20min to make the sample uniform, and then standing for 24h until a mixed solution containing the sample to be treated is divided into an upper non-precipitation layer and a lower precipitation layer, wherein the non-precipitation layer contains micro plastic particles;
step 2: and (3) filtering: adding the flotation solution into the liquid storage tank 13, starting the peristaltic pump I5, introducing the flotation solution into a non-precipitation layer in the separation tank 1 through the liquid inlet pipe 6, starting the aeration pump 2, generating bubbles at the position of the aeration head I3, at the moment, the upper solution containing micro plastic in the separation tank 1 is driven by the bubbles generated at the aeration head I3 to flow into the suction filtration device through the liquid conveying pipe 12, the liquid flowing through the infusion tube 12 flows into the funnel 10, the vacuum pump 8 is started, the upper layer solution containing the micro plastic is filtered through the filter paper 11 on the funnel 10, simultaneously starting the peristaltic pump II14, adjusting the hose reducing switch 16 to balance air pressure, sucking the flotation solution flowing into the upper and lower nozzle suction bottles 9 after filtration back into the liquid storage tank 13 through the peristaltic pump II14 for repeated use, blocking micro plastic particles and other solid particles on the filter paper 11, and keeping the device running for 30 minutes;
and step 3: cleaning: closing the instrument, removing a rubber plug on the separation tank 1, pulling out the infusion tube 12, recycling and storing the sodium bromide solution in the separation tank 1 and the liquid storage tank 13, pouring out waste soil sediment at the bottom of the separation tank 1, adding distilled water into the separation tank 1, starting the peristaltic pump I5, the aeration pump 2, the vacuum pump 8 and the peristaltic pump II14, adjusting the hose diameter-changing switch 16 to operate the device, simultaneously turning on the magnetic stirrer 17, cleaning the separation tank 1, the liquid storage tank 13 and the separated micro plastic particles by using water flow generated by rotation of the magnetic stirrer, taking out the filter paper 11, and drying the cleaned filter residue to obtain the required micro plastic particles.
Wherein the flotation solution added into the separation tank 1 in the step 1 is added below the upper nozzle of the suction flask with the upper nozzle, and the density of the flotation solution is not less than 1.50g/cm3(ii) a The solute of the flotation solution is sodium bromide, the vacuum pump 8 used in the examples is a circulating water type multipurpose vacuum pump, and the funnel 10 is a buchner funnel.
The recovery rate of the micro plastic particles obtained in this example was calculated, and the experiment was repeated in three groups in parallel, and the result of the recovery rate of the micro plastic in the soil is shown in fig. 2.
Example 2:
the same as example 1, except that the collected simulated soil sample was contaminated with biodegradable micro plastic PBS of different particle size, the recovery of micro plastic in soil is shown in FIG. 3.
Example 3:
the same as example 1, except that the simulated soil sample was contaminated with non-degradable micro-plastic PVC with different particle size, the recovery of the micro-plastic in the soil is shown in FIG. 4.
Example 4:
the same as example 2, except that the collected simulated soil sample was contaminated with non-degradable micro-plastic PP with different particle size, the recovery of micro-plastic in soil is shown in FIG. 5.
Example 5:
the same as example 2, except that the collected simulated soil sample was contaminated with non-degradable micro-plastic PS with different particle size, the recovery of micro-plastic in soil is shown in FIG. 6.
Example 6:
the same as example 3, except that the collected simulated soil sample was contaminated with biodegradable micro plastic P L A of different particle size, the recovery of micro plastic in soil is shown in FIG. 7.
Example 7:
the same as example 3, except that the collected simulated soil sample was contaminated with biodegradable micro plastic PBAT of different particle size, the recovery of the micro plastic in the soil is shown in fig. 8.
In conclusion, the recovery rate results show that the method is suitable for separating and extracting various biodegradable and non-biodegradable micro plastic particles with different particle sizes in the soil sample, and the recovery rate is high, so that the method is wide in application range and good in effect of separating and extracting the micro plastic in the soil.
The above-mentioned contents are only for illustrating the technical idea of the present invention, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereby, and any modification made on the basis of the technical idea of the present invention falls within the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A separation and extraction device for micro-plastic in soil is characterized by comprising a separation system and a filtering system;
the separation system comprises a separation tank (1) and a magnetic stirring device (17) arranged at the bottom of the separation tank, wherein a filter tip is arranged on the side wall of the separation tank (1), an aeration device is arranged at the top of the separation tank (1), and the separation tank (1) is sealed by fixing the aeration device through a sealing device;
the filtering system comprises a liquid storage tank (13) and a suction filtration device, the liquid storage tank (13) is connected with the separation tank (1) sequentially through a liquid inlet pipe (6), an aeration device and the suction filtration device, the suction filtration device is connected with a suction filtration nozzle on the separation tank (1) through a liquid conveying pipe (12), and a liquid outlet pipe (15) is connected between the liquid storage tank (13) and the suction filtration device;
the aeration device comprises an aeration pump (2), an aeration head I (3) and an aeration head II (4), wherein the aeration head I (3) and the aeration head II (4) extend into the separation tank (1) through a sealing device, the aeration head I (3) is connected with the aeration pump (2), and the aeration head II (4) is connected with a liquid inlet pipe (6).
2. The device for separating and extracting the micro-plastics in the soil as claimed in claim 1, wherein the aeration head I (3) extends into the separation tank (1), and the vertical height of the aeration head I (3) from the bottom surface of the separation tank is the same as the vertical height of a suction filter on the side wall of the separation tank (1) from the bottom surface of the separation tank; the aeration head II (4) extends into the separation tank (1) and is positioned below the filter tip on the side wall of the separation tank (1).
3. The device for separating and extracting the micro-plastics in the soil as claimed in claim 1, wherein the sealing device comprises a rubber plug and two L tubes mounted on the rubber plug, the rubber plug is provided with two holes through which the L tube can pass and extend into the separation tank (1), and one end of each of the two L tubes is connected with the aeration head I (3) and the aeration head II (4) through a silicone tube.
4. The device for separating and extracting the micro-plastics in the soil as claimed in claim 1, wherein a peristaltic pump I (5) is arranged on the liquid inlet pipe (6), and a peristaltic pump II (14) is arranged on the liquid outlet pipe (15); the liquid outlet pipe (15) is also provided with a hose reducing switch (16).
5. The device for separating and extracting the micro-plastics in the soil as claimed in claim 1, wherein the suction filtration device comprises a filter flask (9), a vacuum pump (8) connected with the filter flask (9), and a funnel (10) mounted on the top of the filter flask (9) by a perforated sealing plug, and the filter paper (11) is arranged in the funnel (10).
6. The device for separating and extracting micro-plastics in soil as claimed in claim 5, wherein the filter flask (9) is an upper and lower mouth filter flask; the lower nozzle of the suction bottle (9) is connected with the liquid storage tank (13) through a liquid outlet pipe (15), and the upper nozzle of the suction bottle (9) is connected with a pump pipe of the vacuum pump (8).
7. The device for separating and extracting the micro-plastics in the soil as claimed in claim 1, wherein the separation tank (1) is a suction bottle with a mouth, and the aeration head I (3) is connected with an aeration pipe (7) on the aeration pump (2) through a L pipe.
8. The method for separating and extracting the micro-plastic in the soil according to any one of claims 1 to 7, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1: flotation: adding the flotation solution into a separation tank (1), starting a magnetic stirring device (17), adding a sample to be treated into the separation tank (1), uniformly stirring, and standing until the mixed solution in the separation tank (1) is divided into an upper non-precipitation layer and a lower precipitation layer, wherein the non-precipitation layer contains micro plastic particles;
step 2: and (3) filtering: adding a flotation solution into a liquid storage tank (13), introducing the flotation solution into a non-precipitation layer in a separation tank (1) through a liquid inlet pipe (6), starting an aeration pump (2), generating bubbles at an aeration head I (3), driving the upper-layer solution containing micro-plastics in the separation tank (1) to flow into a suction filtration device through a liquid conveying pipe (12) by the bubbles generated at the aeration head I (3) for filtration, and keeping the device running for 20-30 minutes;
and step 3: cleaning: and (3) closing the instrument, pouring out the precipitate at the bottom of the separation tank (1), adding distilled water into the separation tank (1), starting the suction filtration device, simultaneously opening the magnetic stirring device (17), cleaning the separation tank (1), the liquid storage tank (13) and the filter residue on the suction filtration device, and airing the cleaned filter residue to obtain the micro plastic particles.
9. The method for separating and extracting the micro-plastics in the soil as claimed in claim 8, wherein the flotation solution is added to the separation tank (1) in the step 1 below the upper nozzle of the suction flask with the upper nozzle.
10. The method for separating and extracting micro-plastics in soil as claimed in claim 8, wherein the density of the flotation solution is not less than 1.50g/cm3(ii) a The solute of the flotation solution is sodium bromide.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010246904.8A CN111420794A (en) | 2020-03-31 | 2020-03-31 | Device and method for separating and extracting micro-plastic in soil |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010246904.8A CN111420794A (en) | 2020-03-31 | 2020-03-31 | Device and method for separating and extracting micro-plastic in soil |
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| CN111420794A true CN111420794A (en) | 2020-07-17 |
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| CN202010246904.8A Pending CN111420794A (en) | 2020-03-31 | 2020-03-31 | Device and method for separating and extracting micro-plastic in soil |
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| CN113695067A (en) * | 2021-08-27 | 2021-11-26 | 生态环境部南京环境科学研究所 | Device and method for separating aged micro-plastic |
| CN113695067B (en) * | 2021-08-27 | 2023-12-12 | 生态环境部南京环境科学研究所 | Separating device and method for aged microplastic |
| CN113618966A (en) * | 2021-08-30 | 2021-11-09 | 陕西师范大学 | Method for separating micro plastic and biochar |
| CN114018659A (en) * | 2021-09-24 | 2022-02-08 | 佛山科学技术学院 | Soil micro-plastic separation device |
| CN114308372A (en) * | 2021-12-16 | 2022-04-12 | 江西师范大学 | Method for separating micro-plastic in soil or sediment and recovering waste liquid |
| CN114441428A (en) * | 2022-01-14 | 2022-05-06 | 常州大学 | Metal material hydrogen sulfide corrosion experiment device |
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