CN113567198A - Extraction device and extraction method for micro-plastic in soil/sediment - Google Patents
Extraction device and extraction method for micro-plastic in soil/sediment Download PDFInfo
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- CN113567198A CN113567198A CN202110909934.7A CN202110909934A CN113567198A CN 113567198 A CN113567198 A CN 113567198A CN 202110909934 A CN202110909934 A CN 202110909934A CN 113567198 A CN113567198 A CN 113567198A
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- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/02—Devices for withdrawing samples
- G01N1/10—Devices for withdrawing samples in the liquid or fluent state
- G01N1/14—Suction devices, e.g. pumps; Ejector devices
Abstract
The invention discloses an extraction device and an extraction method of micro-plastics in soil/sediments, wherein the extraction device comprises the following components: the separation column is divided into an overflow part, a liquid inlet and air flotation part and a blending and settling part from top to bottom and is provided with a liquid inlet and a sludge discharge port; the aeration device comprises an aeration head, a first air pump, a first air pipe and a first flowmeter, wherein the aeration head is arranged inside the blending and settling part; the gas thinning device comprises a gas thinning head, a second air pump, a second air pipe and a second flowmeter, wherein the gas thinning head is arranged inside the liquid inlet and air floating part; the overflow tank is sleeved on the overflow part, the top surface of the overflow tank is higher than that of the separation column, and a liquid outlet is formed in the bottom of the overflow tank; and the collecting device is communicated with the overflow tank through an overflow port. The device is simple, easy to operate, high in separation efficiency and good in separation effect.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of treatment of environmental pollutants, in particular to a device and a method for extracting micro-plastics in soil/sediments.
Background
The plastic is a high molecular polymer with strong corrosion resistance, no acid-base reaction, high plasticity and low manufacturing cost, has great production and living application values, and is widely applied to all industries all over the world. In 2019, the global plastic yield is about 4 hundred million tons, and the production and the life of people cannot leave the use of the plastic. However, plastics bring great convenience to people and also bring environmental risks to people. Due to the difficulty of classification work during plastic recycling and the high economic cost in the recycling process, most enterprises choose to discard the plastic. The discarded plastics can enter the environment and accumulate, influence the normal growth and reproduction of organisms, destroy the ecological system and finally influence the life health of human beings. According to the research, the total amount of the plastic wastes discharged from 192 coastal countries into the sea in 2010 is calculated to be 480-. The existence of plastic wastes is detected in the rare environments of rivers, lakes, seacoasts, even Antarctic glaciers and the like. The plastic product is easy to age by environmental factors such as light and the like in the environment and is decomposed into fine plastics in the environment, however, due to the difficult degradability of the plastics, the fine plastics still exist in the environment for a long time, and are continuously transmitted in environmental media such as water, sea and the like, and tens of thousands of micro plastics are formed in the transmission process. Besides being directly phagocytized to influence harmful organisms, the micro plastic is easy to adsorb pollutants in the environment, generates composite pollution to the environment and is a new pollutant in the environment. The plastic particles having a particle size of 5mm or less are generally called microplastics, which are generally in the form of particles, fibers, foams, films, chips, etc., and commonly used species thereof include polyethylene, polypropylene, polyvinyl chloride, polystyrene, nylon, etc.
Micro plastic pollution in water environments such as oceans, rivers and the like has attracted attention, and a great deal of scientific research has been reported at home and abroad in recent years. Due to the limitation of various factors, the research on the micro-plastic pollution of soil/sediment is relatively slow, and the development of the current research on the micro-plastic separation of soil/sediment still has a great deal of shortages and promotion spaces, which seriously restricts the deep development of the research on the micro-plastic pollution in the environment. At present, a simple, efficient and wide-application-range method for extracting micro-plastics in soil/sediments is urgently needed to be searched, and a basic method is provided for deep research on micro-plastic pollution in the environment.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to make up for the defects of the prior art, the invention provides an extraction device and an extraction method for micro-plastics in soil/sediments.
The technical problem of the invention is solved by the following technical scheme:
an apparatus for extracting micro-plastic from soil/sediment, comprising: the separation column is divided into an overflow part, a liquid inlet and air flotation part and a blending and settling part from top to bottom, wherein the liquid inlet and air flotation part is provided with a liquid inlet, and the bottom of the blending and settling part is provided with a sludge discharge port; the aeration device comprises an aeration head, a first air pump, a first flow meter and a first air pipe, wherein one end of the first air pipe is connected with the aeration head, the other end of the first air pipe is connected with the first air pump, the first flow meter is connected to the first air pipe, and the aeration head is arranged inside the blending and settling part; the gas refining device comprises a gas refining head, a second air pump, a second flow meter and a second air pipe, one end of the second air pipe is connected with the gas refining head, the other end of the second air pipe is connected with the second air pump, the second flow meter is connected onto the second air pipe, and the gas refining head is arranged inside the liquid inlet and air floating part and is lower than the liquid inlet; the overflow tank is sleeved in the overflow part, the top surface of the overflow tank is higher than that of the separation column, and a liquid outlet is formed in the bottom of the overflow tank; a collecting device communicated with the overflow tank through the overflow port.
Preferably, the bottom surface of the overflow tank is an inclined surface, the liquid outlet is located at the lowest point of the inclined surface, and an included angle between the inclined surface and the horizontal plane is 15-30 degrees, preferably 30 degrees.
Preferably, the extraction element still includes liquid storage pot, peristaltic pump, feed liquor pipe and feed liquor valve, the one end of feed liquor pipe is inserted below the liquid level in the liquid storage pot, one end with the inlet is connected, the peristaltic pump is connected on the feed liquor pipe, the feed liquor valve is connected be close to on the feed liquor pipe the position of inlet.
Preferably, the aeration head is arranged in the blending and settling part at a position close to the bottom; the gas refining head is located at the middle position of the inside of the liquid inlet and air floating portion, and the liquid inlet is located at the middle upper position of the liquid inlet and the air floating portion.
Preferably, the collecting device further comprises a liquid outlet pipe, a liquid outlet valve, a filtering part, a recovery bottle and a vacuum suction pump, wherein one end of the liquid outlet pipe is connected with the liquid outlet, the other end of the liquid outlet pipe extends into the recovery bottle, the filtering part is positioned in the recovery bottle and at the lower end of the liquid outlet pipe, and the recovery bottle is connected with the vacuum suction pump through a pipeline; preferably, the filter element is a stainless steel sieve sheet with a pore size of 20 μm.
Preferably, the separation column is a cylinder, and the height-diameter ratio of the separation column is more than or equal to 2: 1; the volumes of the overflow part, the liquid inlet and air floating part and the blending and settling part are equal; preferably, the separation column has a diameter of 5cm and a height of 15 cm; preferably, the overflow tank is an inclined bottom cylinder with an upper opening, the diameter of the inclined bottom cylinder is 9cm, and the top surface of the overflow tank is preferably 2cm higher than the top surface of the separation column.
The method for extracting the micro-plastics in the soil/sediment by using the extraction device comprises the following steps:
s1, adding a sample to be treated into a uniformly mixing and settling part in the separation column, and adding a flotation solution to a position 3-5cm away from the top surface of the separation column to form a mixed solution with the sample to be treated, wherein the sample to be treated is soil and/or sediment containing micro plastic particles;
s2, turning on a first air pump, uniformly stirring the mixed solution through an aerator, and standing until the mixed solution is divided into an upper non-precipitation layer and a lower precipitation layer, wherein the non-precipitation layer contains the micro plastic particles;
s3, opening a second air pump, introducing flotation liquid through the liquid inlet, continuously rising the liquid level in the separation column along with the introduction of the flotation liquid, and bringing the micro plastic suspended in the non-precipitation layer to the top of the separation column under the action of continuously generating fine bubbles by the gas refiner, overflowing the micro plastic and entering the overflow tank;
s4, the liquid in the overflow tank automatically flows into the collecting device through gravity.
Preferably, the first and second electrodes are formed of a metal,the density of the flotation solution in the step S1 and the step S3 is more than or equal to 1.5g/cm3。
Preferably, the intake air flow rate in the step S2 is 0.4 to 2L/S; the intake air flow rate in the step S3 is 0.2-0.5L/S; the liquid inlet flow rate in the step S2 is 0.5-2L/min.
Preferably, the solute in the flotation solution is at least one of zinc chloride, zinc iodide, sodium chloride and sodium iodide.
The beneficial effects of the invention include:
(1) the invention can suspend the micro plastic particles with lighter density mixed in the soil/sediment on the upper layer of the solution and separate the separation column through the tiny bubble belt by utilizing the flotation solution and the gas flotation, while the heavier sediment settles on the bottom layer of the separation column, and the solution in the separation column overflows through the continuously added flotation solution and flows into the collecting device, thereby achieving the purpose of separation. The device of the invention is simple, easy to operate, can shorten the separation time, and has good separation effect.
(2) The invention can be suitable for the soil, sediment and the like with different volume densities, can realize the micro-plastic separation with various densities by adjusting the density of the flotation solution, and the sectional design of the separation column ensures that the extraction device can adapt to the extraction requirements of samples with different volume quantities.
(3) The bottom of the separation column in the device is provided with a sludge discharge port, and the bottom is provided with an aeration device, so that the device is convenient to clean.
(4) In a preferred technical scheme, liquid overflowing from the separation column can be collected by separating micro plastic particles on the sieve sheet through the sieve sheet, and the liquid flowing through the sieve sheet can be recycled by recycling the flotation liquid after being treated by a filter membrane and the like, so that the use cost is reduced.
(5) In the preferred technical scheme, the bottom surface of the overflow tank is an inclined surface, and the included angle between the inclined surface and the horizontal plane is 15-30 degrees, so that liquid can be discharged conveniently, and no liquid is retained at dead angles.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an extraction device for micro-plastics in soil/sediment in an embodiment of the invention.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and preferred embodiments. It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments in the present application may be combined with each other without conflict.
It should be noted that the terms of orientation such as left, right, up, down, top and bottom in the present embodiment are only relative concepts to each other or are referred to the normal use state of the product, and should not be considered as limiting.
The present invention may be understood by those skilled in the art by reference to the following detailed description taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which it is noted that, for the sake of clarity and conciseness of the drawings, certain elements in the drawings are not drawn to scale. In addition, the number and size of the elements in the drawings are merely illustrative and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.
Although the present invention uses the terms first, second, third, etc. to describe various elements, etc., it should be understood that these elements should not be limited by such terms. The term "comprises/comprising" when used in this specification is taken to specify the presence of stated features, integers, steps, operations, elements, components, and/or steps, but does not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers, steps, operations, components, and/or groups thereof. Thus, the first element, component, etc. discussed below can also be represented by the second element, etc. without departing from the scope of the embodiments of the present invention.
The micro plastic in the invention refers to fine plastic which is disintegrated into small plastic products under the influence of environmental factors such as illumination and the like in the environment, the size of the plastic products is less than or equal to 5mm, the shape of the micro plastic usually comprises particles, fibers, foams, films, fragments and the like, and the common types comprise polyethylene, polypropylene, polyvinyl chloride, polystyrene, nylon and the like.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1, an extraction device for micro-plastic in soil/sediment mainly comprises a separation column 7, an overflow tank 10, a collection device a, an aeration device, a gas refiner, a liquid storage tank 1, a peristaltic pump 2, a liquid inlet pipe 16 and a liquid inlet valve 17, wherein: the separation column 7 is divided into an overflow part 71, a liquid inlet and air flotation part 72 and a mixing and settling part 73 from top to bottom, wherein a liquid inlet 3 is arranged on the liquid inlet and air flotation part 72, and a sludge discharge port 6 with a valve is arranged at the bottom of the mixing and settling part. The separation column is a cylinder, in this example, the separation column can be formed by connecting three sections of cylindrical pipes through a threaded interface 8, wherein the threaded interface 8 is arranged to facilitate timely adjustment of the volume of the separation column to meet specific sample quantity requirements, for example, if the volume of the separation column needs to be increased, the separation column can be formed by connecting multiple sections of cylindrical pipes through threaded interfaces, but when micro-plastic extraction is performed, the separation column is still divided into three parts (an overflow part 71, a liquid inlet and air flotation part 72 and a blending and settling part 73), the height-diameter ratio of the separation column is not less than 2:1, the volumes of the overflow part, the liquid inlet and air flotation part and the blending and settling part are equal, in this example, the diameter of the separation column is 5cm, the height of the separation column is 15cm, and the lengths of the overflow part, the liquid inlet and air flotation part and the blending and settling part are all 5 cm. The top surface of the separation column is open, the bottom surface is sealed, and the bottom surface is fixed on a base 4 with a larger diameter, and the diameter of the base 4 is 10 cm.
The aeration device comprises an aeration head 5, a first air pump 12, a first flow meter 11 and a first air pipe 18, wherein one end of the first air pipe 18 is connected with the aeration head 5, the other end of the first air pipe is connected with the first air pump 12, the first flow meter 11 is connected to the first air pipe 18 and is close to the first air pump 12, the aeration head 5 is arranged in the position, close to the bottom, inside the blending and settling part, the height of the aeration head 5 is slightly higher than that of the sludge discharge port 6, and in the embodiment, the first air pump 12 is an air pump. The micro-plastics existing in the environment for a long time are closely combined with soil/sediment particles, and soil/sediment components adhered to the surfaces of the micro-plastics can be quickly impacted and peeled off by the impact of aeration, so that the micro-plastics and the soil/sediment are separated.
The gas refining device comprises a gas refining head 9, a second air pump 19, a second flow meter 20 and a second air pipe 21, wherein one end of the second air pipe 21 is connected with the gas refining head 9, the other end of the second air pipe 21 is connected with the second air pump 19, the second flow meter 20 is connected to the position, close to the second air pump 19, of the second air pipe 21, the gas refining head 9 is arranged inside the liquid inlet and air floating portion, the height of the gas refining head is lower than that of the liquid inlet, preferably, the gas refining head 9 is higher than the settled mud surface by 1-2cm, in the embodiment, the gas refining head 9 is located in the middle of the inside of the liquid inlet and air floating portion 72, and the liquid inlet 3 is located at the upper position of the middle of the liquid inlet and air floating portion 72. In this example, the gas refiner is an air refiner.
The diameter of the overflow tank 10 is larger than that of the separation column, the overflow tank is sleeved with the overflow part 71, the joint of the overflow tank 10 and the overflow part 71 is tight, seamless and smooth in sealing, the top surface of the overflow tank is higher than that of the separation column, and a liquid outlet 13 is arranged at the bottom of the overflow tank; in this example, the overflow tank 10 is a cylinder with an inclined bottom and an open upper part, the inclined plane at the bottom forms an angle of 15-30 degrees with the horizontal plane, the angle is 30 degrees in this example, the liquid outlet 13 is located at the lowest point of the inclined plane, the diameter of the overflow tank is 9cm, and the top surface of the overflow tank is 2cm higher than the top surface of the separation column. The liquid in the overflow tank enters the collecting device A by means of the gravity of the liquid.
The collecting device A comprises a liquid outlet pipe 23, a liquid outlet valve 22, a filtering part 14, a recovery bottle 24 and a vacuum suction and filtration pump 15, one end of the liquid outlet pipe 23 is connected with the liquid outlet 13, the other end of the liquid outlet pipe extends into the recovery bottle 24, the filtering part 14 is positioned in the recovery bottle 24 and positioned at the lower end of the liquid outlet pipe 23, and a suction nozzle of the recovery bottle 24 is connected with the vacuum suction and filtration pump 15 through a pipeline; in this example, the filter member 14 is a stainless steel screen sheet having a pore size of 20 μm. The liquid storage tank 1 is used for storing flotation liquid so as to introduce the flotation liquid into the separation column in the process of extracting the micro-plastics, wherein solute in the flotation liquid is at least one of zinc chloride, zinc iodide, sodium chloride and sodium iodide, and the density of the flotation liquid is more than or equal to 1.5g/cm3。
Example 2
The extraction of the micro-plastics is carried out by using the extraction device of the micro-plastics in the soil/sediment of the embodiment 1, which comprises the following steps:
1. collecting samples: collecting soil and/or sediments in the polluted area;
2. pretreatment: removing impurities from the soil/sediment sample collected in the step 1, air-drying, sieving by a 5mm sieve, and collecting a to-be-treated sample containing micro plastics with the particle size of less than 5 mm; in other examples, the sample to be processed containing the micro plastic with the particle size less than or equal to 1mm can be collected and processed in the subsequent steps after passing through a 5mm sieve and a 1mm sieve;
3. air flotation: adding 100g of the sample to be treated obtained in the step 2 into a uniformly mixing and settling part in a separation column 7, and adding a flotation solution with the same volume as that of the sample to be treated to obtain a mixed solution, wherein the solute of the flotation solution is sodium iodide, the solvent is ultrapure water, and the density of the flotation solution is not less than 1.5g/cm3. And (3) opening the first air pump 12, uniformly stirring the mixed solution through gas, then closing the first air pump 12, and standing for 30 minutes until the mixed solution is divided into an upper non-precipitation layer and a lower precipitation layer, wherein the non-precipitation layer contains micro plastic particles. And opening the second air pump 19, simultaneously opening the liquid inlet 3 and the peristaltic pump 2, continuously introducing the flotation solution into the liquid storage tank, continuously raising the liquid level in the separation column 7 to the top along with the addition of the flotation solution, continuously generating fine bubbles by the gas refining head 9 positioned in the middle of the separation column 7 and above a precipitation layer, bringing the fine plastic suspended in the non-precipitation layer to the top of the separation column 7, overflowing the fine plastic, and entering the overflow tank 10. Wherein, the flow rate of the gas generated by the first air pump 12 is 0.4-2L/s to ensure that the provided gas can fully mix the muddy water in a short time and fully break the soil conglomerate, the specific flow rate can be determined according to the type of soil or sediment, and in the example, the flow rate of aeration is 0.5L/s; the flow rate of the gas generated by the second air pump 19 is 0.2-0.5L/s, the supplied gas should fill the liquid in the column above the precipitation layer as much as possible, and the surface of the precipitated precipitation layer is not disturbed obviously, in this example, the flow rate of the gas generated by the second air pump 19 is 0.2L/s; the liquid inlet flow rate of the liquid inlet 3 is 0.5-2L/min, and the specific liquid inlet flow rate is determined according to the cross-sectional area of the device, so that the liquid is continuously and continuously discharged in the air floatation process, and the micro plastic is smoothly carried out, wherein the liquid inlet flow rate is 0.5L/min in the embodiment.
4. And (3) filtering: the liquid containing the micro plastic particles in the overflow tank 10 automatically flows into the collecting device A by gravity, and passes through the stainless steel sieve plate 14 with the aperture of 20 mu m under the vacuum filtration, so that the micro plastic is trapped and collected, and the quantity of the collected micro plastic in the embodiment is 95/kg dry soil. And collecting the sieved flotation solution, adding ultrapure water for washing, and performing vacuum filtration on a 0.45-micron filter membrane to obtain the recycled flotation solution.
5. Cleaning: and opening a sludge discharge port 6 at the bottom of the separation column 7, and closing the sludge discharge port 6 after the sludge layer is discharged. And then placing the centrifuge tube in a sludge discharge port 6, opening the sludge discharge port 6 again, discharging the non-overflowed suspension, placing the suspension in a centrifuge at 4000rpm for centrifugation for 5min, and performing vacuum filtration on the centrifuged supernatant through a 0.45-micron filter membrane to obtain the recycled flotation solution. After all liquid in the separation column 7 is discharged, the sludge discharge port 6 is closed, ultrapure water is filled into the separation column, the liquid storage tank 1 for flotation liquid is replaced by a storage tank for ultrapure water, and the first air pump 12, the second air pump 19, the liquid inlet 3 and the peristaltic pump 2 are opened to clean the separation column 7, the overflow tank 10 and the collecting device A.
Example 3
The extraction of the micro-plastics is carried out by using the extraction device of the micro-plastics in the soil/sediment of the embodiment 1, which comprises the following steps:
1. adding 60 particles of micro plastic (with the particle size of 0.1-5mm) into 100g of clean soil sample (namely the soil sample containing almost no micro plastic), and mixing to obtain a sample to be treated;
2. same as step 3 of example 2;
3. 59 microplastics were collected in the same manner as in step 4 of example 2, with a recovery of 98.3%.
In practical experiments, the inventor carries out a plurality of experiments through different samples, and the recovery rate of the micro plastic is between 98.3% and 100%.
Example 4
Essentially the same as in example 2, except that the solute of the flotation solution was zinc iodide.
Example 5
Essentially the same as in example 2, except that the solute of the flotation solution was zinc chloride.
Example 6
Essentially the same as in example 2, except that the solutes of the flotation solution were zinc chloride, zinc iodide, sodium iodide and sodium chloride in a ratio of 1: 1: 1: 2 in volume ratio.
The foregoing is a more detailed description of the invention in connection with specific preferred embodiments and it is not intended that the invention be limited to these specific details. For those skilled in the art to which the invention pertains, several equivalent substitutions or obvious modifications can be made without departing from the spirit of the invention, and all the properties or uses are considered to be within the scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. An apparatus for extracting micro-plastic from soil/sediment, comprising:
the separation column is divided into an overflow part, a liquid inlet and air flotation part and a blending and settling part from top to bottom, wherein the liquid inlet and air flotation part is provided with a liquid inlet, and the bottom of the blending and settling part is provided with a sludge discharge port;
the aeration device comprises an aeration head, a first air pump, a first flow meter and a first air pipe, wherein one end of the first air pipe is connected with the aeration head, the other end of the first air pipe is connected with the first air pump, the first flow meter is connected to the first air pipe, and the aeration head is arranged inside the blending and settling part;
the gas refining device comprises a gas refining head, a second air pump, a second flow meter and a second air pipe, one end of the second air pipe is connected with the gas refining head, the other end of the second air pipe is connected with the second air pump, the second flow meter is connected onto the second air pipe, and the gas refining head is arranged inside the liquid inlet and air floating part and is lower than the liquid inlet;
the overflow tank is sleeved in the overflow part, the top surface of the overflow tank is higher than that of the separation column, and a liquid outlet is formed in the bottom of the overflow tank;
a collecting device communicated with the overflow tank through the overflow port.
2. The extraction apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein the bottom surface of the overflow tank is an inclined surface, the liquid outlet is located at the lowest point of the inclined surface, and the inclined surface forms an angle of 15 ° to 30 ° with the horizontal plane, preferably, the angle is 30 °.
3. The extraction apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein the extraction apparatus further comprises a liquid storage tank, a peristaltic pump, a liquid inlet pipe and a liquid inlet valve, wherein one end of the liquid inlet pipe is inserted below the liquid level in the liquid storage tank, the other end of the liquid inlet pipe is connected with the liquid inlet, the peristaltic pump is connected to the liquid inlet pipe, and the liquid inlet valve is connected to the liquid inlet pipe at a position close to the liquid inlet.
4. The extraction apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the aeration head is arranged in the inner part of the blending and settling part and is close to the bottom; the gas refining head is located at the middle position of the inside of the liquid inlet and air floating portion, and the liquid inlet is located at the middle upper position of the liquid inlet and the air floating portion.
5. The extraction apparatus as claimed in claim 3, wherein: the collecting device also comprises a liquid outlet pipe, a liquid outlet valve, a filtering part, a recovery bottle and a vacuum suction pump, wherein one end of the liquid outlet pipe is connected with the liquid outlet, the other end of the liquid outlet pipe extends into the recovery bottle, the filtering part is positioned in the recovery bottle and at the lower end of the liquid outlet pipe, and the recovery bottle is connected with the vacuum suction pump through a pipeline; preferably, the filter element is a stainless steel sieve sheet with a pore size of 20 μm.
6. The extraction apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the separation column is a cylinder, and the height-diameter ratio of the separation column is more than or equal to 2: 1; the volumes of the overflow part, the liquid inlet and air floating part and the blending and settling part are equal; preferably, the separation column has a diameter of 5cm and a height of 15 cm; preferably, the overflow tank is an inclined bottom cylinder with an upper opening, the diameter of the inclined bottom cylinder is 9cm, and the top surface of the overflow tank is preferably 2cm higher than the top surface of the separation column.
7. A method for extracting micro-plastics from soil/sediment by using the extraction device of claim 1, which comprises the following steps:
s1, adding a sample to be treated into a uniformly mixing and settling part in the separation column, and adding a flotation solution to a position 3-5cm away from the top surface of the separation column to form a mixed solution with the sample to be treated, wherein the sample to be treated is soil and/or sediment containing micro plastic particles;
s2, turning on a first air pump, uniformly stirring the mixed solution through an aerator, and standing until the mixed solution is divided into an upper non-precipitation layer and a lower precipitation layer, wherein the non-precipitation layer contains the micro plastic particles;
s3, opening a second air pump, introducing flotation liquid through the liquid inlet, continuously rising the liquid level in the separation column along with the introduction of the flotation liquid, and bringing the micro plastic suspended in the non-precipitation layer to the top of the separation column under the action of continuously generating fine bubbles by the gas refiner, overflowing the micro plastic and entering the overflow tank;
s4, the liquid in the overflow tank automatically flows into the collecting device through gravity.
8. The extraction process according to claim 7, wherein the density of the flotation solution in the steps S1 and S3 is 1.5g/cm or more3。
9. The extraction method as claimed in claim 7, wherein the intake air flow rate in the step S2 is 0.4-2L/S; the intake air flow rate in the step S3 is 0.2-0.5L/S; the liquid inlet flow rate in the step S2 is 0.5-2L/min.
10. The extraction process of claim 7, wherein the solute in the flotation solution is at least one of zinc chloride, zinc iodide, sodium chloride and sodium iodide.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN114308401A (en) * | 2022-01-05 | 2022-04-12 | 澳门大学 | Micro-plastic flotation device and method |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN114308401A (en) * | 2022-01-05 | 2022-04-12 | 澳门大学 | Micro-plastic flotation device and method |
| CN114308401B (en) * | 2022-01-05 | 2023-12-15 | 澳门大学 | Micro-plastic flotation device and method |
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