CN108435132A - 一种提高流化催化裂化产品收率的助剂 - Google Patents
一种提高流化催化裂化产品收率的助剂 Download PDFInfo
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- C10G55/02—Treatment of hydrocarbon oils, in the absence of hydrogen, by at least one refining process and at least one cracking process plural serial stages only
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- C10G2300/00—Aspects relating to hydrocarbon processing covered by groups C10G1/00 - C10G99/00
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Abstract
本发明涉及添加剂技术领域,具体地说,是一种提高流化催化裂化产品收率的助剂,包括载体和活性组分,载体为经过氧化石墨烯修饰过的多孔碳的柴油溶液,活性组分为混合稀土金属氧化物,该助剂可以将流化催化裂化产品收率提高20~30%,且制作方法较为方便,成本较低。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及添加剂技术领域,具体地说,是一种提高流化催化裂化产品收率的助剂。
背景技术
FCC(Fluid Catalytic Cracking,流化催化裂化)是重要的生产石油的方法,该过程将重质原料,例如真空馏分、残留物和脱沥青油转化为富含烯烃和芳烃的轻质产品。FCC催化剂在化学反应中起到了促进反应进行的作用,加快化学反应速率,但是并不会增加产品的收率,而流化催化裂化过程中,由于影响产品收率的因素很多,目前市面上的助剂对提高流化催化裂化产品收率没有太大的帮助。
发明内容
本发明为了克服上述技术问题的不足,提供了一种提高流化催化裂化产品收率的助剂,可以将产品收率提高20~30%。
解决上述技术问题的技术方案如下:
一种提高流化催化裂化产品收率的助剂,包括载体和活性组分,所述的载体为经过氧化石墨烯修饰过的多孔碳的柴油溶液,所述的活性组分为混合稀土金属氧化物。
进一步地说,还包括分散剂和抗氧剂。
所述的分散剂为单丁二酰亚胺,双丁二酰亚胺,多丁二酰亚胺,硼化丁二酰亚胺,无氯丁二酰亚胺,含锌丁二酰亚胺中的一种或者两种以上的混合物;所述抗氧剂为2,6-二叔丁基对甲酚、2,6-二叔丁基苯酚、4,4’-亚甲基双(2,6-二叔丁基苯酚)、N-苯基-α-萘胺或双十二烷基二苯胺中的一种或者两种以上的混合物。
所述的氧化石墨烯修饰过的多孔碳的制备方法是:
(1)通过雾化干燥的方法将单层氧化石墨烯分散液干燥,得到氧化石墨烯微球;
(2)将步骤(1)得到的氧化石墨烯微球与多孔碳混合,质量比为1~2:10,研磨至100目~200目之间。
步骤(1)中所述的雾化干燥温度为130~150℃。
所述的载体的浓度为0.25~10g/L。
所述的混合稀土金属氧化物为环烷酸钒、环烷酸铈、环烷酸镨、环烷酸钕、环烷酸镱、环烷酸铽、异辛酸镧、异辛酸钕的两种以上的混合物。
所述的分散剂的量为氧化石墨烯含量的1.5~2倍(质量),所述的抗氧剂的量为氧化石墨烯含量的0.5~0.8倍(质量)。
本发明的有益效果是:
本发明提供了一种助剂的配方,该助剂可以将流化催化裂化产品收率提高20~30%,且制作方法较为方便,成本较低。这是因为,石墨烯是一种新型的二维碳材料,其具有很出众的力学性能、电学性能、热学性能和独特的电磁学性能,石墨烯超高的比表面积在吸附材料领域具有很大的应用潜力。但是单纯的石墨烯材料强度不高,孔结构较难保持。本发明将氧化石墨烯与多孔碳掺杂,氧化石墨烯表面具有丰富的含氧官能团,在受热条件下基团快速脱除,产生气体,使石墨烯层层堆叠结构撑开得到微孔结构。将其分散在柴油中,作为助剂加入到流化催化裂化反应中,将反应过程中阻碍生成产品的物质牢牢吸附住,间接提高流化催化裂化产品的收率。
下面结合具体实施方式对本发明作进一步详细的说明。
具体实施方式
实施例1:
一种提高流化催化裂化产品收率的助剂,包括载体和活性组分,载体为经过氧化石墨烯修饰过的多孔碳的柴油溶液,活性组分为混合稀土金属氧化物,还包括分散剂和抗氧剂。分散剂为单丁二酰亚胺;抗氧剂为2,6-二叔丁基对甲酚。氧化石墨烯修饰过的多孔碳的制备方法是:
(1)通过雾化干燥的方法将单层氧化石墨烯分散液干燥,得到氧化石墨烯微球;雾化干燥温度为130℃。
(2)将步骤(1)得到的氧化石墨烯微球与多孔碳混合,质量比为1:10,研磨至100目~200目之间。载体的浓度为0.25g/L。
混合稀土金属氧化物为环烷酸钒和环烷酸铈按照质量比为1:1的混合物。
分散剂的量为氧化石墨烯含量的1.5倍(质量),抗氧剂的量为氧化石墨烯含量的0.5倍(质量)。
实施例2:
一种提高流化催化裂化产品收率的助剂,包括载体和活性组分,载体为经过氧化石墨烯修饰过的多孔碳的柴油溶液,活性组分为混合稀土金属氧化物,还包括分散剂和抗氧剂。分散剂为双丁二酰亚胺,多丁二酰亚胺,硼化丁二酰亚胺按照质量比1:1:2的混合物;抗氧剂为2,6-二叔丁基苯酚、4,4’-亚甲基双(2,6-二叔丁基苯酚)、N-苯基-α-萘胺按照质量比为1:1:1的混合物。氧化石墨烯修饰过的多孔碳的制备方法是:
(1)通过雾化干燥的方法将单层氧化石墨烯分散液干燥,得到氧化石墨烯微球;雾化干燥温度为150℃。
(2)将步骤(1)得到的氧化石墨烯微球与多孔碳混合,质量比为1:5,研磨至100目~200目之间。载体的浓度为10g/L。
混合稀土金属氧化物为环烷酸镨、环烷酸钕、环烷酸镱、环烷酸铽按照质量比为1:1:1:1的混合物。
分散剂的量为氧化石墨烯含量的2倍(质量),抗氧剂的量为氧化石墨烯含量的0.8倍(质量)。
实施例3:
一种提高流化催化裂化产品收率的助剂,包括载体和活性组分,载体为经过氧化石墨烯修饰过的多孔碳的柴油溶液,活性组分为混合稀土金属氧化物,还包括分散剂和抗氧剂。分散剂为无氯丁二酰亚胺和含锌丁二酰亚胺中按照质量比为1:1的混合物;抗氧剂为N-苯基-α-萘胺和双十二烷基二苯胺按照质量比为1:1的混合物。氧化石墨烯修饰过的多孔碳的制备方法是:
(1)通过雾化干燥的方法将单层氧化石墨烯分散液干燥,得到氧化石墨烯微球;雾化干燥温度为140℃。
(2)将步骤(1)得到的氧化石墨烯微球与多孔碳混合,质量比为1.5:10,研磨至100目~200目之间。载体的浓度为5g/L。
混合稀土金属氧化物为异辛酸镧、异辛酸钕按照质量比为1:1的混合物。
分散剂的量为氧化石墨烯含量的1.8倍(质量),所述的抗氧剂的量为氧化石墨烯含量的0.6倍(质量)。
将实施例1-3得到的助剂添加到FCC工艺中,同等条件下,测得产品收率与空白试验(不加助剂的状态)做对比,结果如下表所示:
添加量 | 产品收率% | |
对比例1 | 0 | 64 |
实施例1 | 10% | 76.8 |
实施例2 | 10% | 80.9 |
实施例3 | 10% | 83.2 |
由上表可知,本发明制备的助剂添加后,可以明显的将流化催化裂化产品收率提高,20~30%,这是因为,石墨烯是一种新型的二维碳材料,其具有很出众的力学性能、电学性能、热学性能和独特的电磁学性能,石墨烯超高的比表面积在吸附材料领域具有很大的应用潜力。但是单纯的石墨烯材料强度不高,孔结构较难保持。本发明将氧化石墨烯与多孔碳掺杂,氧化石墨烯表面具有丰富的含氧官能团,在受热条件下基团快速脱除,产生气体,使石墨烯层层堆叠结构撑开得到微孔结构。将其分散在柴油中,作为助剂加入到流化催化裂化反应中,将反应过程中阻碍生成产品的物质牢牢吸附住,间接提高流化催化裂化产品的收率。
以上所述,仅是本发明的较佳实施例,并非对本发明做任何形式上的限制,凡是依据本发明的技术实质上对以上实施例所作的任何简单修改、等同变化,均落入本发明的保护范围之内。
Claims (8)
1.一种提高流化催化裂化产品收率的助剂,包括载体和活性组分,其特征在于,所述的载体为经过氧化石墨烯修饰过的多孔碳的柴油溶液,所述的活性组分为混合稀土金属氧化物。
2.根据权利要求1所述的提高流化催化裂化产品收率的助剂,其特征在于:还包括分散剂和抗氧剂。
3.根据权利要求2所述的提高流化催化裂化产品收率的助剂,其特征在于:所述的分散剂为单丁二酰亚胺,双丁二酰亚胺,多丁二酰亚胺,硼化丁二酰亚胺,无氯丁二酰亚胺,含锌丁二酰亚胺中的一种或者两种以上的混合物;所述抗氧剂为2,6-二叔丁基对甲酚、2,6-二叔丁基苯酚、4,4’-亚甲基双(2,6-二叔丁基苯酚)、N-苯基-α-萘胺或双十二烷基二苯胺中的一种或者两种以上的混合物。
4.根据权利要求1所述的提高流化催化裂化产品收率的助剂,其特征在于:所述的氧化石墨烯修饰过的多孔碳的制备方法是:
(1)通过雾化干燥的方法将单层氧化石墨烯分散液干燥,得到氧化石墨烯微球;
(2)将步骤(1)得到的氧化石墨烯微球与多孔碳混合,质量比为1~2:10,研磨至100目~200目之间。
5.根据权利要求4所述的提高流化催化裂化产品收率的助剂,其特征在于:步骤(1)中所述的雾化干燥温度为130~150℃。
6.根据权利要求1所述的提高流化催化裂化产品收率的助剂,其特征在于:所述的载体的浓度为0.25~10g/L。
7.根据权利要求1所述的提高流化催化裂化产品收率的助剂,其特征在于:所述的混合稀土金属氧化物为环烷酸钒、环烷酸铈、环烷酸镨、环烷酸钕、环烷酸镱、环烷酸铽、异辛酸镧、异辛酸钕的两种以上的混合物。
8.根据权利要求2所述的提高流化催化裂化产品收率的助剂,其特征在于:所述的分散剂的量为氧化石墨烯含量的1.5~2倍(质量),所述的抗氧剂的量为氧化石墨烯含量的0.5~0.8倍(质量)。
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