CN108432384A - The method for reducing salt-soda soil pH using alkaline pig farm biogas slurry - Google Patents
The method for reducing salt-soda soil pH using alkaline pig farm biogas slurry Download PDFInfo
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- CN108432384A CN108432384A CN201810201875.6A CN201810201875A CN108432384A CN 108432384 A CN108432384 A CN 108432384A CN 201810201875 A CN201810201875 A CN 201810201875A CN 108432384 A CN108432384 A CN 108432384A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B79/00—Methods for working soil
- A01B79/02—Methods for working soil combined with other agricultural processing, e.g. fertilising, planting
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Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of method reducing salt-soda soil pH using alkaline pig farm biogas slurry, including：Biogas slurry stoste is delivered to field storage pool with pipe network；Rice husk biomass carbon is applied to alkaline land soil；Biogas slurry stoste is applied to coastal tidal alkaline land soil, biogas slurry is made to be higher by 15~20cm of earth's surface；After soil exsiccation, 30~40cm is turned over；Apply biogas slurry again, waits for that soil is dried, repeat the above process until soil pH<8.5.The present invention coordinates biomass carbon conditioner and ploughing soil measure, effectively reduces the pH value in salt-soda soil using the soil characteristic of the functional component and salt-soda soil of biogas slurry, improves the soil organism in salt-soda soil, nutrient content improves soil quality.Method implementation is simple and practicable, and at low cost, the period is short, pollution-free, can effectively promote the soil fertility in coastal tidal salt-soda soil, while reducing farmland chemical fertilizer amount of application.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of methods reducing salt-soda soil pH using alkaline pig farm biogas slurry, belong to salt affected soil improving technology
Field.
Background technology
Livestock and poultry breeding industry is fast-developing in recent years, and thing followed livestock and poultry cultivation treatment for cow manure is concerned with disposition.State
The inside and outside processing disposition to biogas slurry can be divided into improvement type and cropland application type up to standard.Improvement type up to standard is a kind of place can consume energy
Measure is set, the strategy of agricultural development planning that national breeding at present combines is not met.Cropland application type is mainly by biogas slurry cropland application.
The nutrients such as biogas slurry N, P, the K abundant because anaerobic fermentation process contains are a kind of speed containing abundant organic matter and trace element
Soil fertility can be improved in the organic fertilizer that effect, slow have both, and improves soil texture.Wang Wei's etc. studies have shown that biogas slurry with fertilizer
Mode enter soil after, soil can be improved.Organic matter in soil can be such that soil has efficient with Liquidity limit
Keeping fertility.Qu Mingshan etc. to different soils studies have shown that biogas slurry in soil the content of organic matter promotion have it is certain
Facilitation, after biogas slurry, total nitrogen (TN), available N, P, K are improved in soil.Previous biogas slurry returning to the field is as fertilizer side
Face effect protrudes, it is particularly possible to increase the soil organism and soil fertility.However, related biogas slurry is applied to salt-soda soil reduction at present
The research and technology method of soil pH has not been reported.
Although the related patents for improveing soil property about biogas slurry in the past are more, these patents are mainly added using acid biogas slurry
The reduction of fast soil pH value, for example, a kind of method (CN201610202877) in vinegar grain biogas slurry improvement alkalescent tea place.More
Then concentrate on biogas slurry increase soil fertility aspect.For example, a kind of method (CN201710224984), one kind of biogas slurry improvement soil
The method (CN201611082266) of bamboo stand soil is improved using biogas slurry.
Currently, pig farm mainly uses 3 kinds of cleaning up excrement techniques：1. dry collection is by mechanically or manually collecting animal dung
Just solid portion, and urine and livestock and poultry cultivation then flow into next processing unit, excrement and sewage point with water by irrigation canals and ditches etc.
Open processing.The technique is mainly characterized by that solid-state dejecta moisture is low, and nutrient component damages are small in excrement, and fertilizer efficiency value is high, just
In other processing modes of progress During High-Temperature Composting and excrement fodder etc..2. it is mainly scale livestock farming waste that water, which rushes excrement technique,
Cleaning technology.The main purpose of the technique be in time, effectively remove animal house in excrement, urine, keep barn environment defend
It is raw, labour's input in waste scale removal process is reduced, farm's automatic management level is improved, still, water rushes excrement technique consumption
Water is relatively large, and after separation of solid and liquid, most of soluble organic matter and trace element etc. are stayed in water, and water pollutant is dense
The very high 3. bubble excrement technique of degree is improved on the basis of water rushes excrement technique, and technological process is in pig house
It injects a certain amount of water in slurry gutte in advance, floor is all entered by slatted floor together with water in fecaluria and feeding process
Under dropping pit in, store a period of time after, when dropping pit is filled or live pig delivers for sale, open valve, liquid dung in ditch is discharged, excrement
Water can flow into underground manure storage pond along excrement hondo.The main purpose of this technique is excrement on time, in effective removing poultry house
Just and urine, while reducing working feature excessive in waste scale removal process and with water consumption, improving the management of animal waste
It is horizontal.
Pig farm biogas slurry character is mainly because aquaculture model and cleaning up excrement mode differ greatly.Distributing cultivates, and small scale is adopted mostly
With dry cleaning up excrement pattern.Excrement can lead to the loss of biomass by aerobic, amphimicrobian form retting, this retting measure,
Also result in the loss of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium.In comparison, large-scale centralization-breeding factory generally rushes excrement or bubble excrement technique using water.
The generation of biogas slurry mainly passes through the biogas engineering of standardized management.For waste through anaerobic fermentation process, carbon conversion is methane, is left big
Measure ammonium nitrogen and small organic molecule.In particular, the biogas slurry that anaerobic fermentation process generates generally is in often alkalinity.
Coastal tidal is the Backup Base of China's Food Security, and the method that researching and developing effectively reduces salt-soda soil pH reduces shore
Cost is improved in extra large salt-soda soil, and improving soil productivity has important value and meaning.
Invention content
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of methods reducing salt-soda soil pH using alkaline pig farm biogas slurry.
The technical scheme is that：
A method of salt-soda soil pH being reduced using alkaline pig farm biogas slurry, step includes：
(1) biogas slurry stoste is delivered to field storage pool with pipe network；
(2) rice husk biomass carbon is applied to alkaline land soil；
(3) biogas slurry stoste is applied to coastal tidal alkaline land soil, biogas slurry is made to be higher by 15~20cm of earth's surface；
(4) after soil exsiccation, 30~40cm is turned over；
(5) apply biogas slurry again, wait for that soil is dried, repeat the above process until soil pH<8.5；
The wherein described biogas slurry stoste is bubble excrement full mixed anaerobic reaction device (CSTR) fermentation at 36~38 DEG C on pig farm
15~20, stablize 1~2 month gained from flowing in holding pond after precipitation, total solid concentration is 0.7~0.8% in biogas slurry stoste,
PH stablizes 8.0 ± 0.5.
Biogas slurry stoste uses PVC material pipeline, the resistance to biogas slurry corrosion of PVC material in above-mentioned steps (1), and is conducive to subtract
Few biogas slurry smell volatilization, avoids the change of biogas slurry characteristic.Caliber is 15~20cm, and too small easy blocking slightly then increases pumping plant very much
Quantity or pressure-volume.
Alkaline land soil described in above-mentioned steps (2), pH<9.0±0.2.If pH>9.0, then reducing effect may be unknown
It is aobvious.
Rice husk charcoal described in above-mentioned steps (2) is to prepare rice husk after 300~450 DEG C of burnings under starvation
It forms, 1~2cm of grain size.Rice hull carbon uniform particle diameter degree is high, is easy to interact with soil and biogas slurry.
Rice husk biomass carbon is applied to alkaline land soil in above-mentioned steps (2), applied amount is 7.5~15t/ha, deep 20~
30cm.Reciprocation, point of the advantageous salt basic ion in soil layer can occur with biogas slurry and soil for suitable rice husk biomass carbon
Cloth is reduced with activity.Applied amount different, soil pH due to soil salt total amount is from the difference of pH<8.5 or soil salt content<
0.5%, apply rice husk biomass carbon 7.5t/ha；If 8.5<pH<9.0 or soil salt content 0.5%~1.0%, applied amount be
15t/ha.It is too high or it is too low be easy to cause reducing effect unobvious, it is too high that improvement cost is caused to increase.Biomass carbon is mixed into soil
Earth it is too deep or it is too shallow it can be caused to change in the soil to the influence of moisture distribution, cause the abnormal accumulation of salt in the surface soil or elution, influence
Improved effect.
The generation flow of biogas slurry stoste is with technique in above-mentioned steps (3):Bubble excrement technique takes back waste in pig house, liquid completely
Waste enters fermentation tank, total solid is dense in feed inlet liquid waste by pipeline to methane station after the mixing heating of homogenate pond
Degree control is 2.0%~3.0%；Full mixed anaerobic reaction device (CSTR) ferments 15~20 days at 36~38 DEG C.The biogas of generation
Power generation, liquid are discharged into biogas slurry sedimentation basin.Sedimentation basin is at the middle and upper levels biogas slurry stoste, and bottom is biogas residue.Biogas slurry stoste is by sedimentation basin
Top connecting pipe is flow in holding pond certainly to be stablized 1~2 month, and total solid concentration is stablized in 0.7~0.8%, pH and exists in biogas slurry
It comes into operation after 8.0 ± 0.5.
The ammonium nitrogen content of biogas slurry stoste in above-mentioned steps (3)>The ammonium nitrogen of 1300mg/L, high level compensate for strand
The deficiency of salt-soda soil organic matter and nutrient.Meanwhile the ammonium nitrogen being manured into soil is converted into the process meeting of nitrate nitrogen by nitrobacteria
Discharge H+, be conducive to soil pH reduction.If ammonium nitrogen content is less than 1300mg/L, improved effect is bad or the improvement period is elongated.
Wherein, biogas slurry reduces pH mechanism and is：1. in ammonium nitrogen oxidation process, H can be discharged+, reduce soil pH2. the small organic molecule and its entrance soil laggard one that are generated in biogas slurry fermentation process
It walks decomposable process and generates all kinds of organic acids；3. various organic mineral complexes, microorganism and salt affected soil, charcoal are handed in biogas slurry
Interaction is conducive to change distribution and activity of the salt basic ion in soil profile, reduces pH and the harm of salt basic ion.
Undiluted biogas slurry stoste is applied in above-mentioned steps (3), is conducive to：1. the maintenance of the original character of biogas slurry；2. stoste
Middle organic mineral complex forms coating in the accumulation of soil surface, it is possible to reduce it is strong to reduce the accumulation of salt in the surface soil for Evapotranspiration of The Soil Water
Degree；3. the characteristic of bacterium and fungi in ratio is conducive to the generation of small molecular organic acid in biogas slurry, accelerate alkaline land soil pH
Decline.
The land unit area for applying biogas slurry in above-mentioned steps (3) is 20~30m × 20~30m, and the area is according to biogas slurry
Hydrodynamic characteristics and field construction cost determine；Area too conference causes improved effect to increase with cost.
Biogas slurry is higher by 15~20cm of soil surface in above-mentioned steps (3), irrigation facility cost can be made to increase higher than 20cm, and
Biogas slurry is easy to be lost in, and less than 15cm, then the efficiency of biogas slurry and soil interaction declines, and is unfavorable for the leaching of base cation in soil
It washes and the interaction of biogas slurry and soil.
It is 10%~15% that soil exsiccation, which refers to soil moisture content, in above-mentioned steps (4), and ploughing soil can be made higher than 15%
It is ineffective, the soil accumulation of salt in the surface soil to a certain degree can be caused less than 10%.
It carries out turning over 30~40cm in above-mentioned steps (4), the biogas slurry in soil layer, biomass carbon is made to be uniformly mixed with soil,
Loose soil property simultaneously, an aerobic environment is provided for soil.Depth, which is more than 40cm, so that cost is increased, the high soil of deep layer salt content
Earth reaches surface layer, and depth, which is less than 30cm, can make the depth of interaction of biogas slurry and soil insufficient, reduces improved effect of the biogas slurry to soil.
Repeat in above-mentioned steps (5) to apply biogas slurry-be dried-turn over process, so that soil be in biogas slurry and is impregnated and turned over exsiccation
Caused by anaerobism replace with aerobic, accelerate soil organic matter decompose, improve soil texture, accelerate maturing process.
The cropping pattern of rice and kernel continuous cropping (also referred to as crop rotation) is implemented in soil suggestion after improvement.This meets Coastal Area of Jiangsu Province
Agricultural cultivating mode, also, floods and droughts is alternated with and is continued to decline conducive to the salt affected soil accumulation of salt in the surface soil and pH.
Rice and kernel continuous cropping plantation biogas slurry, which is matched, applies a small amount of urea and ammonium dihydrogen phosphate chemical fertilizer improved effect more preferably.Specially：
Paddy field application by throwing them biogas slurry 450m3/ ha (base manure:Tillering fertilizer:Ear manuer is 1:2:1), it is unworthy of to fertilize.Wheat paddock applies biogas slurry 45m3/
Ha, with (base manure to fertilize：Composite fertilizer 25kg/ mus, seed manure：12.5kg/ mus of urea, non-irrigated ear manuer：10kg/ mus of urea, biphosphate
7.5kg/ mus of ammonium).Biogas slurry is matched contributes to the crop for meeting different growing to need fertilizer to fertilize, promotes improved effect.
Beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows：
(1) present invention using biogas slurry functional component and salt-soda soil soil characteristic, coordinate biomass carbon conditioner and
Ploughing soil measure effectively reduces the pH value in salt-soda soil, improves the soil organism in salt-soda soil, nutrient content improves soil matter
Amount.Method implementation is simple and practicable, and at low cost, the period is short, pollution-free, can effectively promote the soil fertilizer in coastal tidal salt-soda soil
Power, while reducing farmland chemical fertilizer amount of application.
(2) The present invention reduces the processing costs of biogas slurry, realize biogas slurry recycling and efficiently utilize, and are breeding waste height
One of the mode of effect recycling meets the strategy of agricultural development planning that current national breeding combines, is that one kind is at low cost, environment is friendly
Good, lasts methods.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is that biogas slurry impregnates salt affected soil and clear water impregnates salt affected soil photo.
Fig. 2 is the variation diagram that clear water and biogas slurry impregnate salt affected soil pH after 60 days in embodiment 2.
Fig. 3 is that biogas slurry changes using the field soil pH after wheat after 0,3,5 year, was planted in embodiment 3.
Fig. 4 is that biogas slurry changes using the field soil pH after rice after 0,3,5 year, was planted in embodiment 3.
Specific implementation mode
For a better understanding of the present invention, below with specific example come the technical solution that the present invention will be described in detail, but this
Invention is not limited thereto.
1 biogas slurry stoste of embodiment produces
Bubble excrement technique takes back waste in pig house completely, and liquid waste is by pipeline to methane station, through being homogenized pond mixing heating
Enter fermentation tank afterwards, total solid concentration control is 2.0%~3.0% in feed inlet liquid waste；Mixing is detested entirely at 36~38 DEG C
Oxygen reactor (CSTR) ferments 15~20 days.The marsh gas power generation of generation, liquid are discharged into biogas slurry sedimentation basin.Sedimentation basin is at the middle and upper levels
Biogas slurry stoste, bottom are biogas residue.Biogas slurry stoste is flow in holding pond certainly by sedimentation basin top connecting pipe stablizes 1~2 month, natural pond
Total solid concentration is stablized in 0.7~0.8%, pH and comes into operation after 8.0 ± 0.5 in liquid.
Embodiment 2：Soil-column test
Experiment is in such a way that greenhouse biogas slurry impregnates salt affected soil, and it is control to impregnate salt affected soil with clear water, such as Fig. 1 institutes
Show, two processing are respectively repeated 3 times.Yancheng East Platform coastal saline soil is acquired, is air-dried, scalping is crossed.The initial pH of soil is 9.2.It will
Soil is packed into long 80cm, the pvc pipe of diameter 20cm, earth pillar height 50cm.Pvc pipe is placed in plastic barrel, respectively apply clear water and
Biogas slurry stoste makes the unearthed table 20cm of liquid level height.3 pvc pipes are respectively taken within the 60th day after immersion to open respectively, the layering acquisition per 10cm
Soil sample.Each soil layer pH situations of change are as shown in Figure 2.As can be seen that 0~10cm after biogas slurry treatment and 10~20cm soil layers pH
Substantially less than clear water treated 0~10cm and 10~20cm soil layer pH (P<0.05), other soil layers pH variations are not notable.
Embodiment 3：Field experiment
Following methods pair are used on the coastal tidal salt-soda soil of Yancheng City gold East Platform farm (120.87 ° of E, 32.95 ° of N)
It is improved in soil：
(1) biogas slurry is delivered to field storage pool；
(2) appropriate rice husk biomass carbon is ploughed under into 20~30cm soil；And 20~30m × 20~30m land units are set,
Wide 0.6~1.0m, the gutter of deep 1.0~1.5m is arranged in the high 40~50cm in ridge, wide 50cm, ridge outside；
(4) biogas slurry stoste is applied to land unit, biogas slurry liquid level is made to be higher by 15~20cm of earth's surface；
After (5) 0~20cm soil layer moisture content are reduced to 10%~15%, 30~40cm of plowed soils；
(6) it repeats biogas slurry application-exsiccation-and turns over process 3~4 times.
The initial pH of soil is 9.2, and after the above embodiment, soil pH drops to 8.5, carries out rice and kernel continuous cropping later.
Paddy field application by throwing them biogas slurry 450m3/ ha is unworthy of (base manure to fertilize：Tillering fertilizer：Ear manuer is 1:2:1), wheat paddock applies biogas slurry 45m3/
Ha is with (base manure to fertilize：Composite fertilizer 25kg/ mus, seed manure：12.5kg/ mus of urea, non-irrigated ear manuer：10kg/ mus of urea, biphosphate
7.5kg/ mus of ammonium).After rice and harvesting wheat, the variation (Fig. 3~4) of sampling observation soil pH.As can be seen that rice and kernel continuous cropping can
Persistently reduce soil pH.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of method reducing salt-soda soil pH using alkaline pig farm biogas slurry, step include：
(1) biogas slurry stoste is delivered to field storage pool with pipe network；
(2) rice husk biomass carbon is applied to alkaline land soil；
(3) biogas slurry stoste is applied to coastal tidal alkaline land soil, biogas slurry is made to be higher by 15~20cm of earth's surface；
(4) after soil exsiccation, 30~40cm is turned over；
(5) apply biogas slurry again, wait for that soil is dried, repeat the above process until soil pH<8.5；
The wherein described biogas slurry stoste be pig farm bubble excrement at 36~38 DEG C full mixed anaerobic reaction device ferment 15~20 days, sink
It is flow in holding pond certainly behind shallow lake and stablizes 1~2 month gained, total solid concentration is that 0.7~0.8%, pH stabilizations exist in biogas slurry stoste
8.0±0.5。
2. the method according to claim 1 for reducing salt-soda soil pH using alkaline pig farm biogas slurry, it is characterised in that:The natural pond
COD in liquid stosteCrContent is in 5000~6000mg/L, ammonium nitrogen content>1300mg/L.
3. the method according to claim 2 for reducing salt-soda soil pH using alkaline pig farm biogas slurry, it is characterised in that:Rice husk is given birth to
The mixed volume of substance charcoal is 7.5~15t/ha, 20~30cm of interacting depth.
4. the method according to claim 3 for reducing salt-soda soil pH using alkaline pig farm biogas slurry, it is characterised in that:The pipe
Net uses pvc pipe, 15~20cm of caliber.
5. the method according to claim 4 for reducing salt-soda soil pH using alkaline pig farm biogas slurry, it is characterised in that:Step 4
Middle soil exsiccation refers to that the soil moisture content of 0~20cm is 10%~15%.
6. the method according to claim 1 for reducing salt-soda soil pH using alkaline pig farm biogas slurry, it is characterised in that:Further include
Step (6):Wait for pH<Rice and kernel continuous cropping is carried out after 8.5.
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Application publication date: 20180824 |