CN108428699B - 一种具有双向大骤回scr特性超低电容的tvs器件及其制造方法 - Google Patents

一种具有双向大骤回scr特性超低电容的tvs器件及其制造方法 Download PDF

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CN108428699B
CN108428699B CN201711108418.4A CN201711108418A CN108428699B CN 108428699 B CN108428699 B CN 108428699B CN 201711108418 A CN201711108418 A CN 201711108418A CN 108428699 B CN108428699 B CN 108428699B
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张啸
苏海伟
赵德益
赵志方
王允
吕海凤
霍田佳
苏亚兵
蒋骞苑
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Shanghai Wei'an Semiconductor Co ltd
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    • H01L27/0262Particular design considerations for integrated circuits for electrical or thermal protection, e.g. electrostatic discharge [ESD] protection for MOS devices using bipolar transistors as protective elements including a PNP transistor and a NPN transistor, wherein each of said transistors has its base coupled to the collector of the other transistor, e.g. silicon controlled rectifier [SCR] devices
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种具有双向大骤回SCR特性超低电容的TVS器件及其制造方法,其包括:一个GND‑IO路径上横向的PNPN结构和一个IO‑GND路径上纵向的PNPN结构,二者通过深槽隔离,每个PNPN结构都有一个降容二极管并联。本发明分别利用横向和纵向的PNPN结构实现了双向大骤回特性,而且分别串联一个降容二极管D1和D2,实现了降低电容的目的。而且表面只需要引出一个I/01,另外一个I/02从GND引出,封装简单且更容易实现,比表面多IO的打线方式封装成本更低。此特殊结构的设计实现使其具有超低的电容,超低残压,所以在保护高频数据接口电路上的应用优势十分明显。

Description

一种具有双向大骤回SCR特性超低电容的TVS器件及其制造方法
技术领域
本发明涉及半导体保护器件领域,特别涉及一种具有双向大骤回SCR特性超低电容的TVS(TVS,Transient Voltage Suppressors)器件及其制造方法。
背景技术
随着各类ESD电路集成度的不断增高,集成电路的线宽也随之减小。电路中以静电放电(ESD)或其他形式存在的瞬态电压也因此更容易对电子器件造成破坏。各种多功能移动终端设备不断涌现以满足人们日益增加的使用需求,对应的功能接口也在不断的升级,USB作为手机最主要的通信接口,从USB 2.0到现在最新USB3.1对数据传输的要求越来越高,主芯片的升级对端口防护提出更苛刻的要求,传统结构的ESD产品已不能满足客户应用要求。
双向大骤回SCR特性低电容TVS具有超低残压和超低电容的特性,主要是针对目前HMDI2.0和USB3.0/3.1等高速数据接口ESD保护。
双向TVS二极管,能够将来自数据线两端正负极的浪涌脉冲泄放,从而保护系统免于遭受各种形式的瞬态高压的冲击。与普通的双向TVS相比,大骤回特性的TVS采用SCR工艺(可控硅技术)实现ESD和Surge测试时超低残压的目标,其原理是当大电压击穿器件后,TVS电压快速降低到1-3V,达到超低残压的目的,在实际应用过程中具有非常可靠的双向过压保护功能,在EDS器件保护应用中具有更高的灵活性和可靠性。
普通的双向TVS大多是NPN结构,等效电路图如图1所示。双向TVS在N型硅衬底/P-外延上掺杂一层N型杂质,形成NPN结,如图2所示,普通双向TVS包括ALsicu金属层24、SiO2绝缘层23、N型掺杂层22,P-外延21,N+衬底20。目前很多端口的保护都趋于双向保护,但是普通双向TVS已经无法满足高速数据通讯端口的超低残压、超低电容的要求,所以研发出双向低残压的器件显得十分迫切。
发明内容
本发明主要解决的技术问题是提供具有双向大骤回SCR特性超低电容的TVS器件及其制造方法。
为解决上述技术问题,本发明产品的技术方案是:
一种具有双向大骤回SCR特性超低电容TVS的器件,其特征在于,包括:一个GND-IO路径上横向的PNPN结构和一个IO-GND路径上纵向的PNPN结构,二者通过深槽隔离,每个PNPN结构都有一个降容二极管并联。
上述具有双向大骤回SCR特性超低电容TVS的器件的制备方法,包括:
步骤A:在重掺杂N型硅衬底用光刻胶掩膜开出P型掺杂区域窗口,进行P型掺杂形成P埋层;
步骤B:生长一层轻掺杂N型外延层1;
步骤C:在轻掺杂N型外延层1上用光刻胶掩膜开出P型掺杂区域窗口,进行P型掺杂形成Pwell-1层;
步骤D:在轻掺杂N型外延层1上用光刻胶掩膜开出N型掺杂区域窗口,进行N型掺杂形成N埋层;
步骤E:生长一层更轻掺杂N型外延层2;
步骤F:用光刻胶掩膜开出P型掺杂区域窗口,进行P型掺杂离子注入,形成P型掺杂形成Pwell-2层;
步骤G:用光刻胶掩膜开出N型掺杂区域窗口,进行N型掺杂离子注入,形成N型掺杂形成Nwell层;
步骤H:用光刻胶掩膜开出P型掺杂区域窗口,进行P型掺杂离子注入,形成P型掺杂形成P+层;
步骤I:用光刻胶掩膜开出N型掺杂区域窗口,进行N型掺杂离子注入,形成N型掺杂形成N+层;
步骤J:沉积一层1.5-2μm的SiO2膜作为刻深隔离槽的掩蔽层;
步骤K:在步骤J的掩蔽层上进行光刻和二氧化硅腐蚀,刻蚀出深隔离槽的窗口,该窗口作为步骤L中干法刻蚀深隔离槽的参照位置;
步骤L:在外延上干法刻蚀深隔离槽一直延伸到N型衬底;将左边的横向PNPN结构和右边的纵向PNPN结构隔离开来;
步骤M:用二氧化硅膜填充步骤L中形成的深隔离槽;
步骤N:刻蚀孔;
步骤O:淀积金属。
步骤A中,P埋层的注入剂量在1E16到3E16之间,退火的温度在1100-1150℃之间,该层用于阻断I/O到GND的电流通路。
步骤B中,N型外延层1的厚度在3-5um,电阻率在1-20ohm之间。
步骤C中,Pwell-1层的注入剂量在1E12到3E12之间,扩散透整个外延层1。
步骤D中,N埋层的注入剂量在1E16到3E16之间,退火的温度在1100-1150℃之间。
步骤E中外延层2厚度在5-8um,浓度较外延层1更淡,接近为本征外延,电阻率在200ohm以上。
步骤F中Pwell-2层形成后应与Pwell-1层相连,Pwell-1注入剂量在1E11到1E12之间。
步骤L中,深槽的深度为10-15μm,深宽比在15:1和15:2之间。
在步骤J中包括步骤:沉积一层1.5-2μm的SiO2膜作为深隔离槽的掩蔽层,在掩蔽层上进行光刻和SiO2腐蚀,刻蚀出窗口,该定位沟槽窗口作为步骤L中干法刻蚀深槽的参照位置。
本发明分别利用横向和纵向的PNPN结构实现了双向大骤回特性,而且分别串联一个降容二极管D1和D2,实现了降低电容的目的。而且表面只需要引出一个I/01,另外一个I/02从GND引出,封装简单且更容易实现,比表面多IO的打线方式封装成本更低。此特殊结构的设计实现使其具有超低的电容,超低残压,所以在保护高频数据接口(例如HTMI2.0、Type-C接口USB3.0)电路上的应用优势十分明显。
附图说明
图1所示为普通的NPN结构双向TVS的等效电路图。
图2所示为双向TVS在N型硅衬底/P-外延上掺杂一层N型杂质形成的NPN结构。
图3为本发明具有大骤回SCR特性超低电容的TVS器件的结构图。
图4为本发明具有大骤回SCR特性超低电容的TVS器件的等效电路图。
图5-图17为本发明具有大骤回SCR特性超低电容的TVS器件制备方法步骤A到步骤O的状态示意图;图中31为N型衬底,32为P埋层,33为N型外延层1,34为Pwell-1,35为N埋层,36为N型外延层2,37为Pwell-2,38为Nwell,39为N+,40为P+,41为深槽,42为SiO2填充,43为接触孔,44为金属。
具体实施方式
如图3所示,当器件正面I/O1加正电压,I/02加负电压时,由于P埋层的存在,阻断了电流向衬底的路径,电流只能经过P+/Pwell-2/N型外延层2/Nwell/N+形成的正向二极管D1,由于Pwell-2注入剂量较淡,况且N型外延层2的电阻率高达200ohm.cm,所以此二极管由很好的降容作用,然后电流通过金属连接经过P+/Pwell-2/N埋层/Pwell-1形成的纵向的PNPN的SCR结构,由于此结构具有大骤回IV特性,电压可以回扫到1-3v,所以具备了超低残压的性能。
反之当I/02加正电压时,I/01加负电压时,N型衬底与Pwell-1处于反偏状态,电流只能从N型衬底/N型外延层1/N型外延层2/N+/P+/Pwell-2/Nwell/N+流过,Pwell-2/Nwell形成降容二极管D2,然后通过金属连接到达P+/Nwell/N型外延层2/Pwell-2/P+,P+/Nwell/N型外延层2/Pwell-2/P+构成一个横向的SCR结构。
如以上描述,构成了一种具有双向大骤回SCR特性超低电容的TVS器件,图4为其等效电路图,从图中可以看出,每个PNPN结构都有一个降容二极管并联,实现了双向大骤回的功能,能抵抗数据线两端正负极的浪涌脉冲泄放。
图5-图17为本发明的具有大骤回SCR特性超低电容的TVS器件的制备方法步骤A到步骤O的状态示意图。
以上已将本发明做详细说明,但以上所述,仅为本发明的较好的实施例,不应当限定本发明实施的范围。凡是根据本发明申请范围所作的等效变化与修饰等,都应仍然属于本发明的专利涵盖范围内。

Claims (9)

1.一种具有双向大骤回SCR特性超低电容TVS的器件的制造方法,其特征在于,该器件包括:一个GND-IO路径上横向的PNPN结构和一个IO-GND路径上纵向的PNPN结构,二者通过深槽隔离,每个PNPN结构都有一个降容二极管并联;
包括下述制备步骤:
步骤A:在重掺杂N型硅衬底用光刻胶掩膜开出P型掺杂区域窗口,进行P型掺杂形成P埋层;
步骤B:生长一层轻掺杂N型外延层(1);
步骤C:在轻掺杂N型外延层(1)上用光刻胶掩膜开出P型掺杂区域窗口,进行P型掺杂形成第一P阱(Pwell-1)层;
步骤D:在轻掺杂N型外延层(1)上用光刻胶掩膜开出N型掺杂区域窗口,进行N型掺杂形成N埋层;
步骤E:生长一层更轻掺杂N型外延层(2);
步骤F:用光刻胶掩膜开出P型掺杂区域窗口,进行P型掺杂离子注入,形成P型掺杂形成第二P阱(Pwell-2)层;
步骤G:用光刻胶掩膜开出N型掺杂区域窗口,进行N型掺杂离子注入,形成N型掺杂形成N阱(Nwell)层;
步骤H:用光刻胶掩膜开出P型掺杂区域窗口,进行P型掺杂离子注入,形成P型掺杂形成P+层;
步骤I:用光刻胶掩膜开出N型掺杂区域窗口,进行N型掺杂离子注入,形成N型掺杂形成N+层;
步骤J:沉积一层1.5-2μm的SiO2膜作为刻深隔离槽的掩蔽层;
步骤K:在步骤J的掩蔽层上进行光刻和二氧化硅腐蚀,刻蚀出深隔离槽的窗口,该窗口作为步骤L中干法刻蚀深隔离槽的参照位置;
步骤L:在外延上干法刻蚀深隔离槽一直延伸到N型衬底;将左边的横向PNPN结构和右边的纵向PNPN结构隔离开来;
步骤M: 用二氧化硅膜填充步骤L中形成的深隔离槽;
步骤N:刻蚀孔;
步骤O:淀积金属。
2.根据权利要求1所述的具有双向大骤回SCR特性超低电容的TVS器件的制造方法,其特征在于:步骤A中,P埋层的注入剂量在1E16到3E16之间,退火的温度在1100-1150℃之间,该P埋层用于阻断I/O到GND的电流通路。
3.根据权利要求1所述的具有双向大骤回SCR特性超低电容的TVS器件的制造方法,其特征在于:步骤B中,N型外延层(1)的厚度在3-5μm,电阻率在1-20ohm之间。
4.根据权利要求1所述的具有双向大骤回SCR特性超低电容的TVS器件的制造方法,其特征在于:步骤C中,第一P阱(Pwell-1)层的注入剂量在1E12到3E12之间,扩散透整个外延层(1)。
5.根据权利要求1所述的具有双向大骤回SCR特性超低电容的TVS器件的制造方法,其特征在于:步骤D中,N埋层的注入剂量在1E16到3E16之间,退火的温度在1100-1150℃之间。
6.根据权利要求1所述的具有双向大骤回SCR特性超低电容的TVS器件的制造方法,其特征在于:步骤E中外延层(2)厚度在5-8μm,浓度较外延层(1)更淡,接近为本征外延,电阻率在200ohm以上。
7.根据权利要求1所述的具有双向大骤回SCR特性超低电容的TVS器件的制造方法,其特征在于:步骤F中第二P阱(Pwell-2)层形成后应与第一P阱(Pwell-1)层形成纵向相连,第一P阱(Pwell-1)注入剂量在1E11到1E12之间。
8.根据权利要求1所述的具有双向大骤回SCR特性超低电容的TVS器件的制造方法,其特征在于:步骤L中,深槽的深度为10-15μm,深宽比在15:1和15:2之间。
9.根据权利要求1所述的具有双向大骤回SCR特性超低电容的TVS器件的制造方法,其特征在于:在步骤J中包括步骤:沉积一层1.5-2μm的SiO2膜作为深隔离槽的掩蔽层,在掩蔽层上进行光刻和SiO2腐蚀,刻蚀出窗口,该定位沟槽窗口作为步骤L中干法刻蚀深槽的参照位置。
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