CN108424881B - 一株肠道病毒68型及其在制备ev-d68型感染动物中的应用 - Google Patents
一株肠道病毒68型及其在制备ev-d68型感染动物中的应用 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明提供一株肠道病毒68型(enterovirus D‑68)EV‑D68、其构建方法及在制备肠道病毒68型感染动物中的用途。本发明的肠道病毒68型(enterovirus D‑68)EV‑D68是从KP240936.1全基因序列出发,将全基因序列转染至293T细胞,并通过感染RD细胞获得的病毒株。本发明的EV‑D68病毒P9可有效应用于1日龄Balb/C乳鼠建立EV‑D68的攻毒模型,呈现前肢和后肢麻痹症状,且攻毒后乳鼠全部死亡,满足动物模型的要求。
Description
【技术领域】
本发明涉及病毒学。特别地,本发明涉及一株肠道病毒68型,以及该病毒 在制备新型肠道病毒EV-D68型病毒感染动物模型中的应用。
【背景技术】
1962年美国首次从下呼吸道感染的病人中分离出新型肠道病毒EV-D68。 EV-D68的感染所引起的临床症状多表现为呼吸系统疾病(上呼吸道感染和下呼 吸道感染),严重者可引起中枢神经系统性和脊髓灰质炎病毒感染类似的疾病症 状。目前,EV-D68已经成为全球范围内的传染性疾病。
EV-D68属于小RNA病毒科肠道病毒属。EV-D68的基因组为7.4kb左右单 股正链RNA,包括一个ORF和两端非编码区序列。ORF编码一个多聚蛋白,进 一步剪切翻译生成4个结构蛋白(VP4,VP2,VP3和VP1)和7个非结构蛋白 (2A,2B,2C,3A,3B,3C和3D)。其中2A蛋白酶和3C蛋白酶的功能与EV-71 和CV-A16类似,两者切割结构蛋白,使其包装形成直径约30nm的病毒颗粒, 而亚单位蛋白VP1区序列变异较大,常用来做基因分型。EV-D68可感染粒细胞、 单核细胞、T细胞、B细胞等淋巴细胞,并产生感染性病毒颗粒。EV-D68在淋 巴细胞的复制,可影响其免疫应答反应,进而导致疾病发生和发展,其中3Cpro 可能起到关键性作用。
动物模型是进行病原体致病机理和防治措施研究的重要工具,是评价疫苗有 效性的重要工具。目前,针对新型肠道病毒EV-D68的研究中,通过体外细胞培 养获得的病毒株接种乳鼠及小鼠后未见有完全死亡相关文献的报道。1962年 Schieble等应用Fermon,Franklin,Robinson和Rhyne 4株EV-D68分离的原型株, 通过腹腔和颅内途径传代接种乳鼠,传代继续接种乳鼠后未见乳鼠的死亡。 Alison等用NIH Swiss Webster小鼠建立EV-D68引起麻痹性脊髓炎模型,并且, 研究者应用2日龄乳鼠颅内注射的方式比较了5株2014年流行株(cladeA strain KY/14-18953;clade B strains IL/14-18952和CA/14-4231;clade B1strains MO/14-18947和CA/14-4232)以及2株原型株(Fermon和Rhyne)的神经毒力, 其中clade B1strains为2014年美国暴发中流行最为广泛毒株,但结果都未呈出 现合适的攻毒病毒株。
【发明内容】
本发明的目的是克服现有技术缺陷,通过遗传学手段制备出能够稳定复制和 遗传、能够有效感染乳鼠并致乳鼠死亡的新型肠道病毒毒株,使之能够适合后期 疫苗研究评价,为EV-D68疫苗的有效性评价提供指导意义。
为了实现上述目的,本发明提供一株肠道病毒-68型(enterovirus-D68) EV-D68,所述病毒于2018年2月2日保藏于中国微生物菌种保藏管理委员会普 通微生物中心,其保藏编号为CGMCC No.15296。
本发明还提供上述肠道病毒-68型(enterovirus-D68)EV-D68的构建方法, 所述方法包括以下步骤:
(1)构建表达载体
合成肠道病毒68型病毒株KP240936.1的全基因序列,在空白原核表达载体pBluescript II SK上构建含有所述全基因序列的质粒pBluescript II SK-EV-D68;
(2)制备肠道病毒68型第1代
将步骤(1)得到的质粒pBluescript II SK-EV-D68与含有T7RNA聚合酶的 质粒共转染人肾上皮细胞中,细胞转染3-4天之后,弃去部分上清,重悬细胞, 液氮反复冻融三次,然后以转速8000rpm离心10分钟,再将上清全部加入到人 横纹肌瘤细胞,至人横纹肌瘤细胞病变80%-90%,收获病毒液,所得病毒液内 含有肠道病毒68型,所述病毒为第1代病毒;
(3)连续感染制备第n代病毒
以前述步骤获得的第1代病毒之后,取100μl含有第1代病毒的病毒液感 染人横纹肌瘤细胞,至人横纹肌瘤细胞病变80%-90%,获得含有第2代病毒的 病毒液;重复相同操作,依次获得含有第3-10代病毒的病毒液,并保存于-80℃;
(4)病毒确认
分别将步骤(2)和(3)所得的病毒液按以体积比计1:4加入蛋白变性缓 冲液,沸水加热10分钟,然后12000rpm离心10分钟,依据《分子克隆操作指 南》,确认所得特异性抗体为EV-D68VP1单克隆抗体,蛋白印迹结果显示出 EV-D68VP1特异性条带,其分子量为37kDa,确认所得第1-10代次病毒均为肠 道病毒68型,其中第9代次病毒命名为肠道病毒68型(enterovirus D-68)EV-D68, 即保藏编号为CGMCC No.15296的病毒株。
在本发明中,步骤(3)所述的各代次病毒的滴度为107.5~108TCID50/ml。
本发明还提供上述肠道病毒68型(enterovirus-D68)EV-D68在制备新型肠 道病毒EV-D68型感染动物中的用途。
优选地,所述动物是乳鼠。
特别优选地,所述动物是1日龄Balb/C鼠。
根据一种优选的实施方式,所述感染动物的脑内攻毒后的LD50为 2×106TCID50/ml。
根据另一种优选的实施方式,所述感染动物的腹腔内攻毒后的LD50为 2×107TCID50/ml。
本发明还涉及上述肠道病毒68型EV-D68在制备新型肠道病毒疫苗中的应 用。
本发明的肠道病毒68型EV-D68能够稳定复制和传代,通过对1日龄Balb/C 鼠进行脑内攻毒能够获得呈现前肢和后肢麻痹症状的乳鼠动物模型,通过腹腔内 攻毒能够获得呈现前肢麻痹症状的乳鼠动物模型,且攻毒后乳鼠全部死亡,满足 动物模型的要求,可用于相关疫苗研究,也为EV-D68疫苗的有效性评价提供指 导意义。
本发明的肠道病毒-68型(enterovirus-D68)EV-D68,所述病毒于2018年2 月2日保藏于中国微生物菌种保藏管理委员会普通微生物中心,其保藏编号为 CGMCC No.15296。
【附图说明】
图1为EV-D68全基因序列合成图谱;
图2为EV-D68病毒感染RD细胞;
图3为EV-D68蛋白印迹检测VP1蛋白;
图4为P5代病毒分别脑内及腹腔攻击乳鼠病症(前肢麻痹);
图5为本发明的EV-D68病毒分别脑内及腹腔攻击乳鼠病症;
图6为本发明的EV-D68病毒脑内攻击病毒LD50测定;
图7为本发明的EV-D68病毒腹腔攻击病毒LD50测定。
【具体实施方式】
以下实施例用于非限制性地解释本发明的技术方案。
在本发明中,如无特殊说明,用于解释浓度的“%”均为重量百分比,“:” 均为重量比,“份”均为重量份。
在本发明中,涉及以下培养基:
2%胎牛血清DMEM培养基:由赛默飞世尔科技(中国)有限公司提供。
实施例1肠道病毒68型EV-D68的构建及确认
选用genbank登录号KP240936.1的肠道病毒68型北京株的全基因序列,合 成获得全基因序列。并分别在KP240936.1全基因序列5′UTR和3′UTR引入 NotI(GCGGCCGC)和XhoI(CTCGAG)酶切位点,以及在5′UTR加入T7启动子 基因序列TAATACGACTCACTATAGGG(T7promoter),在3′UTR加入 AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA(Poly A尾巴); TAGCATAACCCCTTGGGGCCTCTAAACGGGTCTTGAGGGGTTTTTTG(T7terminator)。
以中泰美和公司提供的原核表达载体pBluescript II SK构建获得用于制备 EV-D68活病毒的全长pBluescript II SK-EV-D68质粒,该质粒含有基于 KP240936.1的全基因序列。
将含有EV-D68全基因序列的质粒pBluescript II SK-EV-D68与含有T7RNA 聚合酶的质粒共转染293T细胞于6孔板中,细胞转染3-4天之后,重悬细胞, 液氮反复冻融三次,连续传代感染RD细胞致细胞病变80%-90%(如图2所示), 收获病毒液。
将收获的病毒液按以体积比计1:4加入蛋白变性缓冲液(Protein SDS PAGELoading Buffer,Takara),沸水煮样品10分钟,12000rpm离心10分钟。具体实 验步骤依据《分子克隆操作指南》进行操作。结果显示其特异性抗体为EV-D68 VP1单克隆抗体,蛋白印迹结果显示出EV-D68VP1特异性条带,其分子量大约 为37kDa(如图3所示),因此证明通过反向遗传学所制备的病毒为肠道病毒68 型,确认为EV-D68病毒第一代(并标记为P1)。
取100μl含有第1代病毒的病毒液感染人横纹肌瘤细胞,至人横纹肌瘤细 胞病变80%-90%,获得含有第2代病毒的病毒液;重复相同操作,依次获得含 有第3-10代病毒的病毒液,并保存于-80℃,分别标记为P2-P10。
实施例2EV-D68病毒的TCID50测定
为了比较传代之后各代病毒滴度的变化,将实施例1培养获得的P5至P10 代病毒,分别用含2%胎牛血清DMEM培养基10倍系列稀释之后分别加入到96 孔板的3-12列,每孔100μl,1-2列加入2%胎牛血清DMEM培养基100μl,同 时分别加入100μl 1×104细胞/孔的RD细胞33℃培养7天,应用Reed-Muench方 法计算不同病毒代次的TCID50。
表1不同代次病毒TCID50测定(实验重复三次)
结果显示:
P5-P10代病毒的滴度分别为107.8TCID50/ml;108TCID50/ml;107.9TCID50/ml;108TCID50/ml;108TCID50/ml;107.5TCID50/ml,P5-P10代病毒滴度之间无显著 性差异。
实施例3P5代病毒攻击不同品系的1日龄乳鼠
研究表明不同的病毒对于不同品系的乳鼠具有不同的敏感度,因此,本发明 选用不同品系的1日龄乳鼠,品系包括KM、NIH、C57、ICR和Balb/C,分别 通过脑内注射30μl和腹腔注射100μl P5代病毒(病毒原始滴度为 107.8TCID50/ml),每天观察临床症状,最后记录病毒对不同品系乳鼠的敏感性。
表2P5代病毒不同方式攻击不同品系1日龄乳鼠(实验重复三次)
注:动物敏感等级;-:无临床症状;±:极弱的临床症状;+:弱的临床症 状;++:强的临床症状;
结果显示:KM乳鼠、NIH乳鼠分别在脑内和腹腔攻毒之后表现为无明显临 床症状;C57乳鼠在脑内和腹腔攻毒之后,呈现出极弱的临床症状,具体表现为 行动缓慢;ICR乳鼠在脑内和腹腔攻毒之后,呈现出行动缓慢及轻微的前肢麻痹; 而Balb/C乳鼠脑内攻毒之后呈现出前肢和后肢的麻痹,属强临床症状,而腹腔 攻毒之后呈现出前肢麻痹,如图4所示。通过不同品系乳鼠攻毒之后临床症状的 比较,确认Balb/C 1日龄乳鼠适合后续攻毒的实验研究。
实施例4 P5-P10代病毒攻击1日龄Balb/C乳鼠
基于实施例3的P5代病毒在不同品系乳鼠攻毒之后的实验后,对P5传代 至P10代的明度测定TCID50之后,分别采用脑内注射30μl和腹腔注射100μl的 方式攻毒1日龄Balb/C乳鼠,每天观察临床症状,并记录存活率,以确定不同 代病毒对乳鼠的致病性。
表3不同代次病毒脑内攻击1日龄Balb/C乳鼠
表4不同代次病毒腹腔攻击1日龄Balb/C乳鼠
结果显示,脑内注射病毒之后P5-P8代病毒乳鼠的存活率分别为83%,30%, 28%和17%,P9和P10代病毒攻毒之后乳鼠全部死亡。腹腔注射病毒之后P5-P8 代病毒乳鼠的存活率分别为83%,67%,60%和25%,P9和P10代病毒攻毒之 后乳鼠全部死亡。经过不同代次病毒对乳鼠共度之后致病性的研究,选用P9代 病毒作为乳鼠攻击模型病毒毒株。
实施例5P9代病毒攻击1日龄Balb/C乳鼠
为了确定P9代病毒毒株攻击Balb/C 1日龄乳鼠的LD50(半数致死剂量), 对Balb/C1日龄乳鼠分别脑内注射30μl和腹腔注射100μl P9代病毒,每天观察 临床症状,并对临床症状进行了等级划分,同时记录存活率,并用Reed-Muench 方法分别计算出脑内和腹腔攻击P9代病毒之后的LD50(半数致死剂量)。
表5攻毒之后乳鼠临床症状等级的划分
结果显示:应用DMEM新鲜培养基依据体积比将病毒系列稀释为按体积比 1:4和1:8脑内注射1日龄乳鼠之后,乳鼠全部死亡,1:16,1:32和1:64 稀释病毒脑内注射之后,乳鼠的存活率为30%,40%和60%,用Reed-Muench 方法分别计算出脑内攻毒之后的LD50为2×106TCID50/ml。
原倍病毒腹腔注射1日龄乳鼠,乳鼠全部死亡,病毒按1:2,1:4和1:8 稀释腹腔注射1日龄乳鼠之后,乳鼠的存活率分别为20%,30%和60%,用 Reed-Muench方法分别计算出脑内攻毒之后的LD50为2×107TCID50/ml。经过传 代培养之后P9代病毒是可以作为EV-D68乳鼠攻击模型的攻毒株,此攻毒株的 建立为EV-D68疫苗后续的研究奠定基础,并提供一定的指导意义。
综上所述,本发明从KP240936.1全基因序列出发,并在5′UTR的5′端 引入T7启动子基因序列,将引入T7启动子的全基因序列构建到原核表达载体 pBluescript II SK,利用反向遗传学的操作方法,将全基因序列转染至293T细胞, 并通过感染RD细胞获得EV-D68的病毒株。
根据进一步实验证实,本发明的EV-D68病毒P9可有效应用于1日龄Balb/C 乳鼠建立EV-D68的攻毒模型,呈现前肢和后肢麻痹症状,且攻毒后乳鼠全部死 亡,满足动物模型的要求,可用于相关疫苗研究,也为EV-D68疫苗的有效性评 价提供指导意义。
Claims (6)
1.肠道病毒68型(enterovirus D-68)EV-D68,所述病毒于2018年2月2日保藏于中国微生物菌种保藏管理委员会普通微生物中心,其保藏编号为CGMCC No. 15296。
2.权利要求1的肠道病毒68型病毒(enterovirus-D68)EV-D68在制备肠道病毒68型感染动物中的用途。
3.根据权利要求2所述的用途,其特征在于所述动物是乳鼠。
4.根据权利要求2所述的用途,其特征在于所述动物是1日龄Balb/C鼠。
5.根据权利要求3所述的用途,其特征在于所述乳鼠的脑内攻毒后的LD50为2×106TCID50/ml。
6.根据权利要求3所述的用途,其特征在于所述乳鼠的腹腔内攻毒后的LD50为2×107TCID50/ml。
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