CN108422286B - Machining method of Stent roof prism and positioning tool thereof - Google Patents
Machining method of Stent roof prism and positioning tool thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN108422286B CN108422286B CN201810298280.7A CN201810298280A CN108422286B CN 108422286 B CN108422286 B CN 108422286B CN 201810298280 A CN201810298280 A CN 201810298280A CN 108422286 B CN108422286 B CN 108422286B
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 30
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 title claims description 8
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 90
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 62
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 238000003672 processing method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 claims description 65
- 239000011449 brick Substances 0.000 claims description 31
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 24
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000003292 glue Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000005357 flat glass Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000011259 mixed solution Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000004026 adhesive bonding Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000007598 dipping method Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920002120 photoresistant polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims 2
- 229910000019 calcium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 235000010216 calcium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 14
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 2
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- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
- B24B13/00—Machines or devices designed for grinding or polishing optical surfaces on lenses or surfaces of similar shape on other work; Accessories therefor
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
- B24B1/00—Processes of grinding or polishing; Use of auxiliary equipment in connection with such processes
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
- B24B13/00—Machines or devices designed for grinding or polishing optical surfaces on lenses or surfaces of similar shape on other work; Accessories therefor
- B24B13/005—Blocking means, chucks or the like; Alignment devices
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P40/00—Technologies relating to the processing of minerals
- Y02P40/50—Glass production, e.g. reusing waste heat during processing or shaping
- Y02P40/57—Improving the yield, e-g- reduction of reject rates
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Grinding And Polishing Of Tertiary Curved Surfaces And Surfaces With Complex Shapes (AREA)
- Finish Polishing, Edge Sharpening, And Grinding By Specific Grinding Devices (AREA)
- Optical Elements Other Than Lenses (AREA)
Abstract
The application discloses a processing method of a Scott roof prism and a positioning tool thereof, and belongs to the technical field of optical prisms. The positioning tool is provided with a first leaning body positioning block with a first leaning body positioning surface and a second leaning body positioning block with a second leaning body positioning surface, wherein the first leaning body positioning block and the second leaning body positioning block are fixed on the upper surface of the substrate, and the first leaning body positioning surface and the second leaning body positioning surface are perpendicular to the upper surface of the substrate; the prism side positioning block is positioned above the substrate and provided with a prism side positioning surface perpendicular to the upper surface of the substrate. The processing method comprises the following steps: firstly, processing a first side surface of a prism, and then positioning and processing a second side surface of the prism through the positioning tool; then, positioning and primarily processing two roof surfaces through a positioning tool; and finally, grinding the other datum plane by taking one of the roof planes as a datum, so that the roof angle precision is within 1'. The application optimizes the process steps on the basis of not changing the existing processing equipment, ensures that the precision of the ridge angle after processing is within 1', and has higher precision of each surface, lower technical requirement and high productivity.
Description
Technical Field
The application belongs to the technical field of optical prism processing, and particularly relates to a processing method of a Schmidt roof prism and a positioning tool thereof.
Background
The prism is a prism body composed of optical materials, the refraction surface and the reflection surface of all the prisms are collectively called a working surface, the intersection line of the two working surfaces is called a prism, and the section perpendicular to the prism is called a main section. Prisms play a number of different roles in optics, and combinations of prisms can be used as beam splitters, polarizers, etc., but in most applications only the dispersive function of the prism, or the function of changing the direction of the image, the direction of propagation of the beam, etc., is used. The dispersion function makes the prism act as a dispersion element, such as a prism in a spectrometer, a spectrograph, a monochromator, or the like.
The prism has extremely high precision requirements on the working surfaces, and also has extremely high angle precision requirements on the working surfaces, and the two aspects directly determine the quality of the prism. At present, the prism is generally produced in batch at one time, so that parameters (such as smoothness, flatness, angle and the like) of working faces of the prism are guaranteed to meet the requirement of design precision, and the method is a core problem which needs to be solved by each process technical scheme. In the production process of the existing prism, defective products with product precision which cannot meet the requirement can be produced frequently, and the defect products are often produced because the control of the side sag of the upper disc of the prism in the processing process is poor, and the side sag control is most common and is easy to realize through a tool clamp. Therefore, the rationality of the design of the fixture and the precision of the manufacture are important conditions for ensuring the high-efficiency production of the whole manufacturing process and keeping the high qualification rate of the product.
Along with the rapid development of science and technology economy, the times of high efficiency and high precision are spanned, higher requirements are put on the precision of the prism, and how to achieve higher production energy through the existing equipment is the direction of the enterprise to constantly strive for. For example, the domino prism shown in fig. 1 (in a non-chamfering state) is formed by processing two ridge surfaces B on one side surface a of a prism, the angle between the two ridge surfaces B is a ridge angle, generally 90 °, the precision of the ridge angle is controlled strictly in production, the precision of the ridge angle is required to be within 1″ at present, the processing difficulty is greatly improved, the existing processing technology is relatively backward, the precision production efficiency is greatly reduced, the yield is lower, and the production cost is increased.
The name previously filed and authorized by the inventor is: a polishing processing technology of a Stent roof prism comprises the following steps: the application patent ZL 201210275232.9 is an improvement on the control of the ridge angle of a Steud ridge prism. The scheme includes that the prism blank body and the corresponding profiling mold thereof have an included angle of 45 degrees, a face three and a face four have an included angle of 90 degrees, a face five and a face six are mutually parallel, the surfaces of the prism blank body and the profiling mold are glued by an optical cement process in an optical cold processing process, and polishing processing is carried out on the face one, the face two, the face three and the face four of the prism blank body respectively. In the processing process, the product interference fringes are observed and calculated, and the surface flatness and the parallel difference of the product are adjusted by a polishing method, so that the angular precision of the product is ensured. The scheme is relatively coarse, the ridge angle can only be guaranteed to be 2 ", the production efficiency is relatively low due to the fact that the technology is largely based on experience of workers.
In order to meet the requirement of mass and large-scale production, the processing technology of the Steud roof prism is required to be optimally designed, and on the premise of meeting the roof angle precision, the production efficiency and the qualification rate are improved, and the production cost is reduced.
Disclosure of Invention
1. Problems to be solved
The application provides a processing method of a Stert roof prism, which aims to solve the problem that the roof angle precision is difficult to control within 1' in the production of the existing Stert roof prism. The processing method optimizes the process steps on the basis of not changing the existing processing equipment, ensures that the precision of the ridge angle after processing is within 1', and has higher precision on each surface; the processing method has relatively low technical requirements on workers, can improve the production efficiency by about 1.6 times, and has the product percent of pass of more than 99 percent.
The application also provides a positioning tool of the Schmidt roof prism, which is specially matched with the processing method to position the Schmidt roof prism so as to ensure the processing precision.
2. Technical proposal
In order to solve the problems, the application adopts the following technical scheme.
A positioning tool for a Schmitt roof prism comprises a substrate, a first leaning body positioning block, a second leaning body positioning block and a prism side positioning block; the first leaning body positioning block and the second leaning body positioning block are fixed on the upper surface of the substrate, the first leaning body positioning block is provided with a first leaning body positioning surface, the second leaning body positioning block is provided with a second leaning body positioning surface, and the first leaning body positioning surface and the second leaning body positioning surface are perpendicular to the upper surface of the substrate and used for positioning the leaning body; the prism side positioning block is positioned above the substrate and provided with a prism side positioning surface perpendicular to the upper surface of the substrate and used for positioning the Schmidt roof prism.
As a further improvement, the device also comprises a limiting block; the limiting block is arranged on the substrate and is provided with a limiting surface, and the limiting surface is perpendicular to the prism side locating surface of the prism side locating block and is used for limiting the position of the Schmidt roof prism from the other side.
As a further improvement, the prism-side positioning block comprises a support block, wherein the lower end of the support block is glued on the substrate, and the prism-side positioning block is glued on the support block.
As a further improvement, the base plate is provided with a reference inclined plane, and the leaning body positioning block I and the leaning body positioning block II are positioned on the reference inclined plane.
As a further improvement, the smoothness of the base plate reference inclined plane is 40-20, and the surface aperture is 1/8λ; the surface finish degree of the positioning surface I, the positioning surface II and the prism side positioning surface is 20-10, the aperture is 1/8λ, and the vertical precision between the aperture and the base plate reference inclined plane is within 10'; the angle precision between the first leaning body positioning surface and the second leaning body positioning surface is within 10'.
A processing method of a Stent roof prism comprises the following operation steps:
1. first side machining
Taking a square brick leaning body I with the 90-degree precision within 20 ', gluing one end face of a to-be-processed Star roof prism blank onto the square brick leaning body I through optical cement, grinding and polishing, processing one side face, controlling the surface aperture within 1/12 lambda, and the finish within 20-10 and the side sag within 1';
2. second side processing
a, taking a leaning body with the same shape as a to-be-processed Steud roof prism, and using CaCO 3 Wiping the surface of the leaning body by using the aqueous solution, and finely wiping by using the mixed solution of diethyl ether and ethanol;
b, wiping the side surface of the Stent roof prism blank treated in the first step by using 400-500 meshes of polishing powder solution, and wiping by dipping mixed solution of diethyl ether and ethanol with dust-free paper;
c, positioning the processed side photoresist of the to-be-processed Steud roof prism on a leaning body by adopting the positioning tool of the Steud roof prism;
d, gluing the leaning body in the step c onto a light glue plate through light glue, and grinding and polishing the other side face of the Style roof prism;
3. roof preliminary working
Processing two ridge surfaces of the Schmidt ridge prism by adopting the same method as the second step;
4. roof finish machining
(1) Preparing a square brick leaning body II with the 90-degree precision within 0.5', and wiping the surface of the square brick leaning body II with dust-free paper; preparing a piece of flat glass, wherein the surface finish is 40-20, the aperture is 1/4λ, and wiping cleanly with dust-free paper;
(2) firstly, placing a square brick leaning body II on the flat glass, and observing interference fringes; and then, the surface light glue of one ridge of the Stert ridge prism obtained in the step three is applied to the square brick leaning body II, so that interference fringes can be seen from the other ridge surface, and the two interference fringes are ensured to be positioned on the same plane;
(3) and taking down the Style ridge prism and the square brick leaning body II from the plate glass, and polishing the square brick leaning body II on the optical cement plate until the ridge angle precision is within 1'.
As a further improvement, the process of positioning the blank of the to-be-processed domino prism on the leaning body by adopting the positioning tool of the domino prism in the second step is as follows: firstly, placing a leaning body on a substrate between a leaning body positioning block I and a leaning body positioning block II, and enabling two side surfaces of the leaning body to be respectively stuck to a leaning body positioning surface I of the leaning body positioning block I and a leaning body positioning surface II of the leaning body positioning block II; then, the surface to be processed is closely attached to the prism side positioning surface of the prism side positioning block, and the processed surface of the Schmitt roof prism is glued with the optical cement of the leaning body.
As a further improvement, the Stent roof prism and the leaning body optical cement are sent into an oven to be heated for 8 to 8.2 hours at the temperature of 92 to 100 ℃.
As a further improvement, in the fourth step, grinding is divided into coarse grinding and fine grinding, the grain diameter of sand is 320-350 meshes during coarse grinding, the grinding rotating speed is 78-82 revolutions per minute, and the feeding speed is 8-10 mm/min; the grain diameter of the fine grinding sand is 500-520 meshes, the grinding rotating speed is 63-67 revolutions per minute, and the feeding speed is 6-7 mm/min; polishing is divided into rough polishing and finish polishing, wherein 400-460 mesh polishing powder is adopted for circumferential swing grinding during rough polishing, the grinding rotating speed is 55-60 revolutions per minute, and 4-5 Kg pressure is applied; during finish polishing, 500-550 mesh polishing powder solution is adopted for circumferential swing grinding, the grinding speed is 45-50 revolutions per minute, and 2-2.5 Kg of pressure is applied.
As a further improvement, during the grinding, the straightness of the processing surface is controlled to be within 0.001mm, and the flatness is controlled to be within 0.0005 mm; and when the two diaphragms are consistent, and no fringe difference exists, stopping processing.
3. Advantageous effects
Compared with the prior art, the application has the beneficial effects that:
(1) The positioning tool of the Steud roof prism is specially matched with the processing method to position the Steud roof prism so as to ensure that the subsequent processing roof angle can reach the accuracy requirement of 1'; positioning a leaning body through a leaning body positioning block I and a leaning body positioning block II, positioning a to-be-processed Steud roof prism through a prism side positioning block, and ensuring the accuracy of the relative position of the Steud roof prism optical cement on the leaning body so that a processing surface and a grinding surface required in subsequent processing are in the same plane; the fixture is simple and quick to position, the technical requirements on operators can be reduced, and the positioning speed is improved.
(2) According to the positioning tool for the Steud roof prism, the unnecessary positions of the Steud roof prism are limited by the limiting blocks, so that the Steud roof prism is prevented from deviating too much, subsequent upper disc arrangement is facilitated, and batch processing is performed once.
(3) The positioning tool for the Schmitt roof prism limits the flatness and the angle precision of each positioning block, ensures the reliability of the positioning precision and meets the subsequent processing requirements.
(4) According to the processing method of the Stent roof prism, the processing steps are optimized on the basis of not changing the existing processing equipment, the accuracy of the roof angle after processing is ensured to be within 1', and the accuracy of each surface is higher; the processing method has relatively low technical requirements on workers, can improve the production efficiency by about 1.6 times, and has the product percent of pass of more than 99 percent.
(5) According to the processing method of the Schmidt roof prism, the Schmidt roof prism and the leaning body optical cement are sent into the oven and heated for 8-8.2 hours at the temperature of 92-100 ℃, so that the bonding strength of the optical cement between the pentaprism and the leaning body is increased, the prism can be effectively prevented from loosening or falling in the grinding process, and the grinding stability and accuracy are ensured.
(6) The application relates to a processing method of a Schmitt roof prism, which is limited to the working principle of equipment, wherein a grinding surface is a horizontal surface during grinding and polishing, a prism optical cement is arranged on a leaning body, after the leaning body is coiled on a plate, a contact surface of the prism and the leaning body is not a horizontal surface, but a vertical surface, and the prism is provided with downward acting force in the grinding process, so that the combination of the prism and the leaning body is easy to loosen or even fall off; therefore, the inventor searches and summarizes through long-term practice, grinding is divided into grinding and polishing, and two grinding processes are divided into two processes, namely grinding is divided into coarse grinding and fine grinding, polishing is also divided into coarse polishing and fine polishing, and an inverted polishing process is adopted, meanwhile, the particle sizes of sand and polishing powder during grinding, the grinding rotating speed, the feeding speed and the pressure are strictly controlled, and the comprehensive effects of grinding speed, the surface finish of a grinding surface and the angle precision are very good on the premise that the prism and the leaning body are guaranteed to be smooth.
(7) The processing method of the Steud roof prism can ensure that the straightness of the processing surface is controlled within 0.001mm and the flatness is controlled within 0.0005mm under the premise of strictly controlling the grinding and polishing parameters, prepares for polishing, and intermittently adds purified water on the polishing surface during finish polishing, slowly releases polishing powder solution on the grinding surface, can improve the polishing precision, and can meet the precision requirement of 1' of roof angle when detecting that the aperture of the processing surface of the Steud roof prism is consistent with the aperture of a light adhesive plate and has no fringe difference.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a non-chamfered state of a Schmidt roof prism;
FIG. 2 is a perspective view of a positioning tool for a Schmidt roof prism of the present application;
fig. 3 is a view showing a state of the positioning tool for the prism of the smith roof prism in positioning the prism.
In the figure: 1. a substrate; 2. a first leaning body positioning block; 3. a second leaning body positioning block; 4. a prism side positioning block; 5. a limiting block; 6. fixing the adjusting block; 7. a support block; 8. a leaning body.
Detailed Description
The application is further described below in connection with specific embodiments and the accompanying drawings.
Example 1
As shown in FIG. 2, the positioning tool of the Schmidt roof prism is specially designed for controlling and positioning the included angle of the roof surface of the Schmidt roof prism, namely, the 90 DEG angle of the roof surface B of the Schmidt roof prism (before chamfering each ridge) shown in FIG. 1, and the precision is controlled within 1'. The structure of the tool is described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
The positioning tool of the embodiment comprises a substrate 1, a leaning body positioning block I2, a leaning body positioning block II 3, a prism side positioning block 4, a limiting block 5, a fixed adjusting block 6 and a supporting block 7. The substrate 1 is used as a supporting base, the first leaning body positioning block 2, the second leaning body positioning block 3, the limiting block 5, the fixed adjusting block 6 and the supporting block 7 are all fixed on the substrate 1 through optical cement, the upper surface of the substrate 1 is a reference inclined plane, the first leaning body positioning block 2, the second leaning body positioning block 3, the fixed adjusting block 6 and the supporting block 7 are positioned on the reference inclined plane, and the purpose is that the leaning body 8 can be better attached to the first leaning body positioning block 2 and the second leaning body positioning block 3 under the action of gravity when the leaning body 8 is placed between the first leaning body positioning block 2 and the second leaning body positioning block 3 subsequently, so that the positioning accuracy is improved.
Here, the first leaning body positioning block 2 has a first leaning body positioning surface, the second leaning body positioning block 3 has a second leaning body positioning surface, and the first leaning body positioning surface and the second leaning body positioning surface are perpendicular to the upper surface of the substrate 1 and are used for positioning the leaning body 8. The lower end of the supporting block 7 is glued on the base plate 1, and the prism side positioning block 4 is glued on the supporting block 7, so that the prism side positioning block 4 is positioned above the base plate 1, and the prism side positioning block 4 is provided with a prism side positioning surface perpendicular to the upper surface of the base plate 1 and used for positioning the Schmidt roof prism. The limiting block 5 is also fixed on the base plate 1 through optical cement, and is provided with a limiting surface, wherein the limiting surface is perpendicular to the prism side positioning surface of the prism side positioning block 4 and is used for limiting the position of the Schmidt roof prism from the other side. It should be noted that, the first leaning body positioning block 2 is directly fixed on the substrate 1, and the fixed adjusting block 6 leans against the rear side of the second leaning body positioning block 3, so as to facilitate adjusting the position of the fixed adjusting block 6 relative to the first leaning body positioning block 2. Therefore, the first leaning body positioning surface of the first leaning body positioning block 2, the second leaning body positioning surface of the second leaning body positioning block 3, the prism side positioning surface of the prism side positioning block 4 and the limiting surface of the limiting block 5 are surrounded to form a limiting space, and when in use, the relative positions of the prism and the leaning body 8 are limited, so that the subsequent high-precision processing requirement is met.
It should be noted that, because the positioning accuracy requirement is high, the accuracy requirement of the ridge after the subsequent processing can be ensured, so the accuracy requirement on each component of the positioning tool is also relatively high. Specifically, the finish degree of the reference inclined plane of the substrate 1 is 40-20, and the surface aperture is 1/8λ; the surface finish degree of the positioning surface I, the positioning surface II and the prism side positioning surface is 20-10, the aperture is 1/8λ, and the vertical precision of the positioning surface I, the positioning surface II and the prism side positioning surface is within 10' with the reference inclined plane of the substrate 1; the angle precision between the first leaning body positioning surface and the second leaning body positioning surface is within 10'.
In this embodiment, the parameters are selected as follows: the finish degree of the basic inclined plane of the substrate 1 is 30, and the surface aperture is 1/8λ; the surface finish degree of the positioning surface I, the positioning surface II and the prism side positioning surface is 15, the aperture is 1/8λ, and the vertical precision between the aperture and the reference inclined plane of the substrate 1 is within 10'; the angle precision between the first leaning body positioning surface and the second leaning body positioning surface is within 10'.
The positioning tool of the Schmidt roof prism is specially matched with the processing method to position the Schmidt roof prism so as to ensure that the subsequent processing of the roof angle can reach the accuracy requirement of 1'; positioning a leaning body 8 through a leaning body positioning block I2 and a leaning body positioning block II 3, positioning a to-be-processed Steud roof prism by using a prism side positioning block 4, and ensuring the accuracy of the relative position of the Steud roof prism optical cement on the leaning body 8 so that a processing surface and a grinding surface required in subsequent processing are in the same plane; the fixture is simple and quick to position, the technical requirements on operators can be reduced, and the positioning speed is improved.
Example 2
The embodiment provides a processing method of a Schmidt roof prism, which is used for processing a half-finished Schmidt roof prism blank, namely grinding a side surface A and a roof surface B, and ensuring that the roof angle precision is within 1'. As used herein, a blank of a Schmidt roof prism is one that has a preliminary appearance, but that has a rough surface on each side, with a typical surface balance of less than 0.2 mm.
The processing method of the Stent roof prism comprises the following specific operation steps:
1. first side machining
Taking a square brick leaning body I with the 90-degree precision within 20 ', wiping the surface of the square brick leaning body I with dust-free paper, gluing one end face of a blank of a to-be-processed Style roof prism onto the square brick leaning body I through 417# optical cement, adhering 4 prisms on one square brick leaning body I, uniformly and uniformly arranging 40 discs on a glass plate with the diameter of 300mm, bonding by using 417# optical cement, carrying out grinding and polishing treatment normally, processing a first side face A, controlling the surface aperture within 1/12 lambda, and controlling the smoothness within 20-10 and the side sag within 1'.
2. Second side processing
a, taking a leaning body 8 with the same shape as a to-be-processed Steud roof prism, but the outline is about 10mm, and using CaCO 3 The aqueous solution is used for wiping each surface of the leaning body 8, removing surface dust, oil marks, partial watermarks, water ring and the like, and then the mixed solution of diethyl ether and ethanol according to the ratio of 3:1 is used for fine wiping to thoroughly remove the watermarks; it should be noted that the rest 8 takes the same shape as the schmitt roof prism to be machined, taking into account the prism sides a and bThe roof B has different positioning requirements, the same positioning tool can be used for positioning, the grinding side surface A adopts the corresponding side surface of the leaning body 8, and the roof corresponding to the leaning body 8 is adopted when the roof B is ground; the requirements on the precision of the leaning body 8 are high, the surface type error is within 0.001mm, the angle error is within 20', the cleanliness of each surface is detected within 40-20 by using a 6-time magnifying glass, the aperture is detected within 1/10 lambda by using a ZYGO interferometer, and the phenomena of crack and broken edges are avoided;
b, wiping the side surface of the Star roof prism blank treated in the first step by using 400-mesh polishing powder solution, and wiping the side surface by using dust-free paper dipped with a mixed solution of diethyl ether and ethanol according to a ratio of 3:1;
c, positioning the optical cement on the processed side surface A of the to-be-processed Steud roof prism on the corresponding side surface of the leaning body 8 by adopting the positioning tool of the Steud roof prism in the embodiment 1; the glued schmitt roof prism and the rest 8 were removed from the tooling and sent to an oven and heated at 92 ℃ for 8.2 hours.
d40 discs, the leaning body 8 in the step c is glued to a light glue plate with the diameter of 300 by light glue, and the other side surface A of the Schmidt roof prism is ground and polished normally.
Here, the process of positioning the blank of the to-be-processed domino prism on the leaning body 8 by the positioning tool of the domino prism in the step c is as follows: firstly, placing a leaning body 8 on a substrate 1 between a leaning body positioning block I2 and a leaning body positioning block II 3, and enabling two side surfaces of the leaning body 8 to be respectively stuck to a leaning body positioning surface I of the leaning body positioning block I2 and a leaning body positioning surface II of the leaning body positioning block II 3; then, the Schmidt roof prism is placed on the leaning body 8, the surface to be processed is tightly attached to the prism side positioning surface of the prism side positioning block 4, the processed surface of the Schmidt roof prism is glued with the leaning body 8, and the other side of the Schmidt roof prism is limited by the limiting surface of the limiting block 5 to displace.
3. Roof preliminary working
Processing two ridge surfaces B of the Schmidt ridge prism by adopting the same method as the second step; in this step, only the body 8 is used to replace the corresponding positioning surface, and the positioning method and the grinding step are identical, and are not described here again.
4. Roof finish machining
(1) Preparing a square brick leaning body II 10 pieces with the 90-degree precision within 0.5', and wiping the surface of the square brick leaning body II by dust-free paper; preparing a piece of plate glass with the diameter of 100mm, the surface finish degree of 40-20, the aperture of 1/4 lambda, and wiping cleanly by dust-free paper;
(2) firstly, placing a square brick leaning body II on the flat glass, and observing interference fringes; and then, the light glue of one ridge surface B of the Schmidt ridge prism obtained in the step three is applied to the square brick leaning body II, so that interference fringes can be seen when the square brick leaning body II is observed from the other ridge surface, the two interference fringes are ensured to be positioned on the same plane, and the parallelism of the processing surface and the reference surface of the light glue plate is completely consistent;
(3) and taking down the Stent roof prism and the square brick leaning body II from the plate glass, and polishing 10 square bricks leaning body II on a light glue plate with the diameter of 300mm until the roof angle precision is within 1'.
The grinding surface is a horizontal plane when the grinding and polishing device is used for limiting the working principle of the device, the prism optical cement is arranged on the square brick leaning body II, after the square brick leaning body II is coiled, the contact surface of the prism and the square brick leaning body II is not a horizontal plane, but a vertical surface, the prism is provided with downward acting force in the grinding process, and the loosening and even the falling of the combination of the prism and the square brick leaning body II are easy to cause, so that the grinding parameters need to be controlled. In the step (3), grinding is divided into coarse grinding and fine grinding, wherein the grain diameter of the coarse grinding is 320 meshes, the grinding rotating speed is 78 revolutions per minute, and the feeding speed is 8mm per minute; the grain diameter of the fine grinding sand is 500 meshes, the grinding rotating speed is 63 revolutions per minute, and the feeding speed is 6mm/min; polishing is divided into rough polishing and finish polishing, wherein 400-mesh polishing powder is adopted for circumferential swing grinding during rough polishing, the grinding rotating speed is 55 revolutions per minute, and 4Kg of pressure is applied; in the finish polishing, 500 mesh polishing powder solution is adopted for circumferential swing grinding, the grinding speed is 45 revolutions per minute, and 2Kg of pressure is applied. During grinding, the straightness of the processing surface is controlled to be within 0.001mm, and the flatness is controlled to be within 0.0005 mm; when the polishing surface is polished, purified water is intermittently added, the aperture of the processing surface of the Steud roof prism and the aperture of the optical cement plate are detected, and when the aperture of the processing surface is consistent with the aperture of the optical cement plate and has no fringe difference, the processing is stopped, and the processing is stopped.
And detecting 40 finished products of the processed Steud roof prism, wherein the roof angle is within 1', the finish degree of each processing surface is 40-20, the aperture is within 1/10λ, and the uniformity of the sizes of the prisms is good.
Example 3
This example provides a method of processing a stmite roof prism, substantially identical to example 2, except that: in the step B, wiping the side surface of the blank of the Stent roof prism treated in the step I with 500-mesh polishing powder solution, and wiping the side surface with a mixed solution of diethyl ether and ethanol according to a ratio of 3:1 by using dust-free paper; c, conveying the Schmidt roof prism and the leaning body 8 in the working procedure into an oven, and heating for 8 hours at the temperature of 100 ℃;
in the step (3), grinding is divided into coarse grinding and fine grinding, wherein the grain diameter of the coarse grinding is 330 meshes, the grinding rotating speed is 80 revolutions per minute, and the feeding speed is 9mm per minute; the grain diameter of the fine grinding sand is 510 meshes, the grinding rotating speed is 65 revolutions per minute, and the feeding speed is 6.5mm/min; polishing is divided into rough polishing and finish polishing, wherein 450 meshes of polishing powder is adopted for circumferential swing grinding during rough polishing, the grinding rotating speed is 58 revolutions per minute, and 4.5Kg of pressure is applied; in the finish polishing, a 530 mesh polishing powder solution was used for circumferential swing grinding at a grinding speed of 47 revolutions per minute and a pressure of 2.3Kg was applied.
And detecting the finished product of the processed Schmidt roof prism, wherein the roof angle is within 1', the finish degree of each processing surface is 40-20, the aperture is within 1/10λ, and the uniformity of the sizes of the prisms is good.
Example 4
This example provides a method of processing a stmite roof prism, substantially identical to example 2, except that: in the step B, wiping the side surface of the Star roof prism blank treated in the step I with 450 meshes of polishing powder solution, and wiping the side surface with a mixed solution of diethyl ether and ethanol according to a ratio of 3:1 by using dust-free paper; the Schmidt roof prism and the leaning body 8 in the step c are sent into an oven and heated for 8.1 hours at the temperature of 96 ℃.
In the step (3), grinding is divided into coarse grinding and fine grinding, wherein the grain diameter of the coarse grinding is 350 meshes, the grinding rotating speed is 82 revolutions per minute, and the feeding speed is 10mm/min; the grain diameter of the fine grinding sand is 520 meshes, the grinding rotating speed is 67 revolutions per minute, and the feeding speed is 7mm/min; polishing is divided into rough polishing and finish polishing, wherein 460 mesh polishing powder is adopted for circumferential swing grinding during rough polishing, the grinding rotating speed is 60 revolutions per minute, and 5Kg of pressure is applied; in the finish polishing, 550 mesh polishing powder solution is adopted for circumferential swing grinding, the grinding speed is 50 revolutions per minute, and 2.5Kg of pressure is applied.
And detecting the finished product of the processed Schmidt roof prism, wherein the roof angle is within 1', the finish degree of each processing surface is 40-20, the aperture is within 1/10λ, and the uniformity of the sizes of the prisms is good.
The examples of the present application are merely for describing the preferred embodiments of the present application, and are not intended to limit the spirit and scope of the present application, and those skilled in the art should make various changes and modifications to the technical solution of the present application without departing from the spirit of the present application.
Claims (5)
1. A processing method of a Stent roof prism comprises the following operation steps:
1. first side machining
Taking a square brick leaning body I with the 90-degree precision within 20 ', gluing one end face of a to-be-processed Star roof prism blank onto the square brick leaning body I through optical cement, grinding and polishing, processing one side face, controlling the surface aperture within 1/12 lambda, and the finish within 20-10 and the side sag within 1';
2. second side processing
a, taking a leaning body (8) with the same shape as a to-be-processed Steud roof prism, wiping the surface of the leaning body (8) by CaCO3 water solution, and finely wiping by mixed solution of diethyl ether and ethanol;
b, wiping the side surface of the Stent roof prism blank treated in the first step by using 400-500 meshes of polishing powder solution, and wiping by dipping mixed solution of diethyl ether and ethanol with dust-free paper;
c, positioning the processed side photoresist of the to-be-processed Stent roof prism on a leaning body (8) by adopting a positioning tool of the Stent roof prism;
the positioning tool of the Stent roof prism comprises a base plate (1), a first leaning body positioning block (2), a second leaning body positioning block (3), a prism side positioning block (4), a limiting block (5) and a supporting block (7); the first leaning body positioning block (2) and the second leaning body positioning block (3) are fixed on the upper surface of the substrate (1), the first leaning body positioning block (2) is provided with a first leaning body positioning surface, the second leaning body positioning block (3) is provided with a second leaning body positioning surface, and the first leaning body positioning surface and the second leaning body positioning surface are perpendicular to the upper surface of the substrate (1) and used for positioning the leaning body (8); the prism side positioning block (4) is positioned above the substrate (1) and is provided with a prism side positioning surface perpendicular to the upper surface of the substrate (1) and used for positioning the Schmidt roof prism; the limiting block (5) is arranged on the base plate (1) and is provided with a limiting surface, and the limiting surface is perpendicular to the prism side positioning surface of the prism side positioning block (4) and is used for limiting the position of the Schmidt roof prism from the other side; the lower end of the supporting block (7) is glued on the base plate (1), and the prism side positioning block (4) is glued on the supporting block (7); the base plate (1) is provided with a reference inclined plane, and the leaning body positioning block I (2) and the leaning body positioning block II (3) are positioned on the reference inclined plane;
the finish degree of the reference inclined plane of the substrate (1) is 40-20, and the surface aperture is 1/8λ; the surface finish degree of the positioning surface I, the positioning surface II and the prism side positioning surface is 20-10, the aperture is 1/8λ, and the vertical precision between the aperture and the reference inclined plane of the substrate (1) is within 10'; the angle precision between the first leaning body positioning surface and the second leaning body positioning surface is within 10';
d, gluing the leaning body (8) in the step c onto a light glue plate through light glue, and grinding and polishing the other side face of the Schmidt roof prism;
3. roof preliminary working
Processing two ridge surfaces of the Schmidt ridge prism by adopting the same method as the second step;
4. roof finish machining
(1) Preparing a square brick leaning body II with the 90-degree precision within 0.5', and wiping the surface of the square brick leaning body II with dust-free paper; preparing a piece of flat glass, wherein the surface finish is 40-20, the aperture is 1/4λ, and wiping cleanly with dust-free paper;
(2) firstly, placing a square brick leaning body II on the flat glass, and observing interference fringes; and then, the surface light glue of one ridge of the Stert ridge prism obtained in the step three is applied to the square brick leaning body II, so that interference fringes can be seen from the other ridge surface, and the two interference fringes are ensured to be positioned on the same plane;
(3) and taking down the Style ridge prism and the square brick leaning body II from the plate glass, and polishing the square brick leaning body II on the optical cement plate until the ridge angle precision is within 1'.
2. The method for processing a smith roof prism according to claim 1, wherein: in the second step, a positioning tool of the Steud roof prism is adopted to position the blank of the Steud roof prism to be processed on the leaning body (8), and the process is as follows: firstly, placing a leaning body (8) on a substrate (1) between a leaning body positioning block I (2) and a leaning body positioning block II (3), and enabling two side surfaces of the leaning body to be respectively stuck to a leaning body positioning surface I of the leaning body positioning block I (2) and a leaning body positioning surface II of the leaning body positioning block II (3); then, the Stent roof prism is placed on the leaning body (8), the surface to be processed is tightly attached to the prism side positioning surface of the prism side positioning block (4), and the processed surface of the Stent roof prism is glued with the leaning body (8) through optical cement.
3. The method for processing a smith roof prism according to claim 2, wherein: and (3) after the light glue of the Stent roof prism and the leaning body (8), sending the mixture into an oven, and heating the mixture for 8 to 8.2 hours at the temperature of 92 to 100 ℃.
4. The method for processing a smith roof prism according to claim 1, wherein: in the fourth step, grinding is divided into coarse grinding and fine grinding, wherein the grain diameter of sand is 320-350 meshes during coarse grinding, the grinding rotating speed is 78-82 r/min, and the feeding speed is 8-10 mm/min; the grain diameter of the fine grinding sand is 500-520 meshes, the grinding rotating speed is 63-67 revolutions per minute, and the feeding speed is 6-7 mm/min; polishing is divided into rough polishing and finish polishing, wherein 400-460 mesh polishing powder is adopted for circumferential swing grinding during rough polishing, the grinding rotating speed is 55-60 revolutions per minute, and 4-5 Kg pressure is applied; during finish polishing, 500-550 mesh polishing powder solution is adopted for circumferential swing grinding, the grinding speed is 45-50 revolutions per minute, and 2-2.5 Kg of pressure is applied.
5. The method for processing a smith roof prism according to claim 4, wherein: during the grinding, the straightness of the processing surface is controlled to be within 0.001mm, and the flatness is controlled to be within 0.0005 mm; and when the two diaphragms are consistent, and no fringe difference exists, stopping processing.
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