CN108274339B - Positioning and checking tool for optical prism side sag control and processing method - Google Patents
Positioning and checking tool for optical prism side sag control and processing method Download PDFInfo
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- CN108274339B CN108274339B CN201810278438.4A CN201810278438A CN108274339B CN 108274339 B CN108274339 B CN 108274339B CN 201810278438 A CN201810278438 A CN 201810278438A CN 108274339 B CN108274339 B CN 108274339B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
- B24B13/00—Machines or devices designed for grinding or polishing optical surfaces on lenses or surfaces of similar shape on other work; Accessories therefor
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
- B24B1/00—Processes of grinding or polishing; Use of auxiliary equipment in connection with such processes
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
- B24B13/00—Machines or devices designed for grinding or polishing optical surfaces on lenses or surfaces of similar shape on other work; Accessories therefor
- B24B13/005—Blocking means, chucks or the like; Alignment devices
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P40/00—Technologies relating to the processing of minerals
- Y02P40/50—Glass production, e.g. reusing waste heat during processing or shaping
- Y02P40/57—Improving the yield, e-g- reduction of reject rates
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Abstract
The invention discloses a positioning and checking tool for controlling side sag of an optical prism and a processing method, and belongs to the technical field of optical prism processing. The positioning tool comprises a substrate, a positioning triangular prism, an end surface positioning block and a side surface positioning block; the positioning triple prism is provided with two positioning triple prisms which are oppositely arranged on the substrate to form a V-shaped positioning groove; the end face positioning block is arranged on the substrate at one side of the positioning triangular prism and is provided with an end positioning surface, the end positioning surface is vertical to the upper surface of the substrate, and the end positioning surface is vertical to the projection surface of the groove surface of the V-shaped positioning groove on the substrate; the side positioning block is arranged above the V-shaped positioning groove and is provided with a side positioning surface, and the side positioning surface is perpendicular to the groove surface of the V-shaped positioning groove and the end positioning surface of the end positioning block. The processing method comprises the following steps: firstly, assembling a positioning tool through a checking tool; positioning the side sag of the tetragonal prism by using a positioning tool; and finally grinding the inclined planes at the two ends of the tetragonal prism. The invention can conveniently and quickly position the tetragonal prism and ensure that the side sagging precision of the inclined planes at two ends is within 20'.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of optical prism processing, and particularly relates to a positioning and checking tool for optical prism side sag control and a processing method.
Background
The prism is a prism body composed of optical materials, the refraction surface and the reflection surface of all the prisms are collectively called a working surface, the intersection line of the two working surfaces is called a prism, and the section perpendicular to the prism is called a main section. Prisms play a number of different roles in optics, and combinations of prisms can be used as beam splitters, polarizers, etc., but in most applications only the dispersive function of the prism, or the function of changing the direction of the image, the direction of propagation of the beam, etc., is used. The dispersion function makes the prism act as a dispersion element, such as a prism in a spectrometer, a spectrograph, a monochromator, or the like.
The prism has extremely high precision requirements on the working surfaces, and also has extremely high angle precision requirements on the working surfaces, and the two aspects directly determine the quality of the prism. At present, the prism is generally produced in batch at one time, so that parameters (such as smoothness, flatness, angle and the like) of working faces of the prism are guaranteed to meet the requirement of design precision, and the method is a core problem which needs to be solved by each process technical scheme. In the production process of the existing prism, defective products with product precision which cannot meet the requirement can be produced frequently, and the defect products are often produced because the control of the side sag of the upper disc of the prism in the processing process is poor, and the side sag control is most common and is easy to realize through a tool clamp. Therefore, the rationality of the design of the fixture and the precision of the manufacture are important conditions for ensuring the high-efficiency production of the whole manufacturing process and keeping the high qualification rate of the product.
Along with the rapid development of science and technology economy, the times of high efficiency and high precision are spanned, higher requirements are put on the precision of the prism, and how to achieve higher production energy through the existing equipment is the direction of the enterprise to constantly strive for. For example, the four large sides of the tetragonal prism shown in fig. 1 are processed in place, two inclined planes need to be processed at two ends of the tetragonal prism, and generally the inclined planes form 45 degrees with the bottom surface, as shown in fig. 2, how to ensure the accuracy of the vertical angles of the two inclined planes and the side surfaces is the key of production, when the conventional vertical accuracy is not high, the general vertical accuracy is 30 "to 50", but the two inclined planes are required to be simultaneously satisfied within 20 ", so that the processing difficulty is greatly improved.
The applicant has previously filed and has issued the name: frock that dish control side hangs down on little prism, patent number is: the invention patent ZL201410852971.9 relates to the side sag control of a small prism (generally referred to as a product with the specification of 30mm or less) upper disc. The tool for controlling the side sag of the upper disc of the small prism comprises a base, a horizontal positioning block, a stop block, a horizontal leaning body and a V-shaped limiting block, wherein the V-shaped limiting block is of a V-shaped groove structure with an opening angle of 90 degrees, and the tool comprises the following components: the base is of a square flat plate-shaped structure; the rectangular block structure of the horizontal positioning block is provided with a square groove, and a notch which is in the shape of the groove is upwards and vertically arranged on the upper surface of the base and is close to the edge of the base; the stop block is also of a cuboid block structure, one end of the stop block is embedded into the groove of the horizontal positioning block in a matching way, and the other end of the stop block is vertically and reversely arranged on the V-shaped notch of the V-shaped limiting block; the horizontal leaning body is of a 90 ℃ right-angle triangle structure and is matched with the V-shaped groove of the 90 DEG of the V-shaped limiting block. According to the scheme, the small prism is positioned on the horizontal leaning body through the combination of the horizontal positioning block, the stop block and the V-shaped limiting block, so that the requirement of sidewise sagging during processing is met, the sidewise sagging precision can be ensured to be not more than 30', and the processing surface is formed. In addition, the tool is low in self precision, the V-shaped limiting block is aligned with the positioning mark line by naked eyes for positioning, the precision is poor, and the positioning mark line is difficult to be accurate; the combined installation difficulty of the horizontal positioning block, the limiting block and the stop block is high, the vertical precision between the horizontal positioning block, the limiting block and the upper surface of the horizontal leaning body is difficult to ensure, and the positioning of the small prism is inevitably influenced. Meanwhile, the tool is only used for positioning the upper disc of the small prism, and the precision control in the subsequent processing is not specifically given.
Disclosure of Invention
1. Problems to be solved
The invention provides a positioning tool for controlling side sag of an optical prism, and aims to solve the problem that the side sag positioning precision is difficult to reach within 20' in the existing prism processing. The positioning tool is specially designed for grinding inclined planes at two ends of a tetragonal prism shown in the drawing, so that the vertical precision of the inclined planes at two ends and the side surface is within 20', and the positioning is simple and quick.
The invention also provides a verification tool for controlling the side sag of the optical prism, which is specially designed for the positioning tool and is matched with the positioning tool for use, so that the positioning precision of the positioning tool can be improved, and the requirement of 20' positioning precision of the side sag is met.
The invention also provides a processing method for controlling the side sag of the optical prism, which can process the inclined planes at the two ends of the square prism positioned by the positioning tool on the premise of not influencing the positioning precision, and can ensure that the two processed inclined planes meet the 20' precision of the side sag.
2. Technical proposal
In order to solve the problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme.
The utility model provides a location frock of optical prism side sag control, includes base plate, location prism, terminal surface locating piece and side locating piece; the positioning triple prisms are arranged on the substrate oppositely to form V-shaped positioning grooves; the end face positioning block is arranged on the substrate at one side of the positioning triangular prism and is provided with an end positioning surface, the end positioning surface is vertical to the upper surface of the substrate, and the end positioning surface is vertical to the projection surface of the groove surface of the V-shaped positioning groove on the substrate; the side positioning block is arranged above the V-shaped positioning groove and is provided with a side positioning surface, and the side positioning surface is perpendicular to the groove surface of the V-shaped positioning groove and the end positioning surface of the end positioning block.
As a further improvement, the device also comprises a connecting block and a supporting block; the supporting block is vertically arranged on the substrate, and one end of the side positioning block is connected with the supporting block through the connecting block.
As a further improvement, the positioning triangular prism and the side positioning block are isosceles right triangular prisms, and the end surface positioning block and the supporting block are cuboid prisms.
As a further improvement, the surface shape accuracy of the upper surface of the substrate is 1/10λ; the finish degree of three side surfaces of the positioning triangular prism is three-level in national standard, the surface aperture is within 1/10λ, and the angle precision is within 5'; the V-shaped positioning groove forms an angle of 90 degrees, and the angle precision is within 10'; the finish degree of the side positioning surface of the side positioning block and the finish degree of the end positioning surface of the end positioning block are both national standard three-level, and the surface aperture is within 1/10 lambda; the vertical precision of the side positioning surface of the side positioning block and the groove surface of the V-shaped positioning groove, and the vertical precision of the side positioning surface of the side positioning block and the end positioning surface of the end positioning block are all within 10'.
The utility model provides a calibration fixture of optical prism side sag control, is used for the location installation of above-mentioned optical prism side sag control's location frock, and it includes benchmark prism and benchmark tetragonal prism; the reference prism is an isosceles right prism, and the reference prism is fixed on the inclined plane of the reference prism.
As a further improvement, the three side surface finish degrees of the reference triple prism are national standard three-level, the surface aperture is within 1/10λ, and the angle precision is within 5'; the lower surface of the reference square prism is attached to the inclined surface of the reference square prism, two adjacent side surfaces are detection surfaces, the two detection surfaces and the lower surface are perpendicular to each other, the precision is within 5', the light cleanliness of each surface is three-level in national standard, and the surface aperture is within 1/10 lambda.
The processing method for controlling the side sag of the optical prism comprises the following operation steps:
1. assembly of location frock
The optical prism side sag control checking fixture is adopted to assemble the optical prism side sag control positioning fixture;
2. prism side sag positioning
Firstly, placing a leaning body into a V-shaped positioning groove formed by two positioning triple prisms, wherein the V-shaped bottom of the leaning body is matched with the groove surface photoresist of the V-shaped positioning groove to form stable interference fringes; then, placing the square prism to be processed on the upper surface of the leaning body, and forming stable interference fringes; then, the end face of the square prism to be processed is matched with the end positioning surface photoresist of the end face positioning block to form stable interference fringes, and the rear side face of the square prism is matched with the side positioning surface photoresist of the side face positioning block to form stable interference fringes; finally, taking out the square prism to be processed along with the leaning body;
3. prism grinding
Firstly, a leaning body is put on a disc, and one surface of the V-shaped bottom of the leaning body is glued on a tray, so that a required grinding surface is in a horizontal state; then, grinding and polishing the tetragonal prism to grind an inclined plane at one end of the tetragonal prism; when in grinding, the tray is arranged at the bottom, the tetragonal prism is arranged at the top, and sand grinding is carried out from the top; when polishing, the tray is arranged on the upper part, the tetragonal prism is arranged on the lower part, and polishing powder solution is adopted for grinding from the lower part; and finally, gluing the other surface of the V-shaped bottom of the leaning body on the tray, and grinding the inclined surface at the other end of the square prism to finish the processing of the inclined surfaces at the two ends of the square prism.
As a further improvement, the assembling step of the positioning tool in the first step is as follows:
(1) a positioning triangular prism is taken and pressed on the upper surface of the substrate to generate interference fringes, and the interference fringes are glued through optical cement; one surface of the V-shaped bottom of the reference prism of the checking fixture is glued with the surface of the positioning prism to form interference fringes, and the other positioning prism is taken to be simultaneously attached to the upper surface of the substrate and the other surface of the V-shaped bottom of the reference prism to generate two interference fringes, and the positioning prism is glued with the substrate through optical glue; the two positioning triple prisms form a V-shaped positioning groove;
(2) placing the end face positioning block on the upper surface of the substrate, attaching the end positioning surface of the end face positioning block to one detection surface of a reference square prism of a checking tool, enabling the two contact surfaces to generate interference fringes, and gluing the end face positioning block on the substrate through optical cement;
(3) firstly, gluing a supporting block on the upper surface of a substrate through optical cement; bonding the connecting block on the supporting block through optical cement; finally, the side positioning surface of the side positioning block and the other detection surface of the reference square prism of the checking fixture are subjected to optical cement, interference fringes are generated, and one end of the side positioning block is glued to the connecting block through the optical cement;
(4) and taking out the checking fixture to complete the assembly of the positioning fixture.
In the second step, the tetragonal prism to be processed is taken out together with the leaning body and then is sent into an oven to be heated for 8 to 8.2 hours at the temperature of 92 to 100 ℃.
As a further improvement, in the third step, grinding is divided into coarse grinding and fine grinding, wherein the grain diameter of sand is 320-350 meshes during coarse grinding, the grinding rotating speed is 76-80 revolutions per minute, and the feeding speed is 7-9 mm/min; the grain diameter of the sand is 500-520 meshes during finish grinding, the grinding rotating speed is 60-65 revolutions per minute, and the feeding speed is 5-6 mm per minute; polishing is divided into rough polishing and finish polishing, wherein 400-460 mesh polishing powder is adopted for circumferential swing grinding during rough polishing, the grinding rotating speed is 55-60 revolutions per minute, and 5-6 Kg pressure is applied; during finish polishing, 500-550 mesh polishing powder is adopted for circumferential swing grinding, the grinding speed is 47-51 revolutions per minute, and 3-3.5 Kg of pressure is applied.
3. Advantageous effects
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) The positioning tool for controlling the side sag of the optical prism is specially designed for grinding inclined planes at two ends of the square prism, positions the leaning body through the V-shaped positioning grooves formed by the two positioning triple prisms, and is matched with the end positioning surface of the end surface positioning block and the side positioning surface of the side surface positioning block to accurately position the end surface, the rear side surface and the bottom surface of the square prism, so that the vertical precision of the inclined planes at the two ends of the leaning body, which are ground after being put on a disc, and the front side surface and the rear side surface of the leaning body, and the angle precision of the inclined planes and the bottom surface are simultaneously within 20', and the positioning of the tool is simple and quick, and the production efficiency is improved.
(2) The verification tool for the side sag control of the optical prism is specially designed for the positioning tool for the side sag control of the optical prism, is matched with the positioning tool for use, can be assembled and calibrated, ensures the positioning accuracy of the positioning tool on the tetragonal prism, and meets the 20' positioning accuracy requirement of the side sag.
(3) According to the processing method for controlling the side sag of the optical prism, the positioning tool is adopted to glue the tetragonal prism on the leaning body, and the grinding process is optimized, so that the inclined planes at two ends of the tetragonal prism can be ground on the premise of not affecting the positioning precision, and the two processed inclined planes can meet the 20' precision of the side sag.
(4) According to the processing method for controlling the side sag of the optical prism, the tetragonal prism to be processed is taken out along with the leaning body and then is sent into the oven, and is heated for 8-8.2 hours at the temperature of 92-100 ℃, so that the bonding strength of the optical cement between the tetragonal prism and the leaning body can be increased, the tetragonal prism can be effectively prevented from loosening or falling in the grinding process, and the grinding stability and the grinding precision are ensured.
(5) Because the grinding plane is a horizontal plane, when the inclined planes at the two ends of the tetragonal prism are ground, the inclined planes are required to be adjusted to be parallel to the horizontal plane, namely, one surface of the V-shaped bottom close to the lower part of the body is attached to the workbench, which is also the function of the body, at the moment, the bottom surface of the tetragonal prism and the joint surface of the body form an included angle with the horizontal plane, and when the tetragonal prism is ground and fed, horizontal component force is provided for the tetragonal prism, so that the tetragonal prism and the joint of the body are easy to loosen and even fall off; therefore, the inventor searches and summarizes through long-term practice, grinding is divided into grinding and polishing, and two grinding processes are divided into two grinding processes, namely grinding is divided into coarse grinding and fine grinding, polishing is also divided into coarse polishing and fine polishing, and an inverted grinding process is adopted, meanwhile, the grain sizes of sand and polishing powder during grinding, the grinding rotating speed, the feeding speed and the pressure are strictly controlled, the reliability of a tetragonal prism and a leaning body photoresist is ensured, and the comprehensive effects of the grinding speed, the surface finish of a grinding surface and the side sagging precision are very good.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a tetragonal prism;
FIG. 2 is a perspective view of the square prism with inclined surfaces formed at both ends thereof;
FIG. 3 is a perspective view of a fixture for controlling the lateral sag of an optical prism according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a perspective view of a verification tool for controlling the side sag of an optical prism of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a view showing the calibration of the positioning fixture using the verification fixture controlled by the optical prism side sag;
fig. 6 is a state view of the side sag positioning of the tetragonal prism by using the positioning tool for the side sag control of the optical prism.
In the figure: 1. a substrate; 2. positioning a triangular prism; 3. an end face positioning block; 4. a side positioning block; 5. a connecting block; 6. a support block; 7. a reference prism; 8. a reference tetragonal prism; 9. a reinforcing block; 10. a leaning body.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below in connection with specific embodiments and the accompanying drawings.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 3, the positioning tool for controlling the side sag of the optical prism in this embodiment is specially designed for grinding the inclined surfaces at two ends of the tetragonal prism, i.e. grinding the semi-finished tetragonal prism shown in fig. 1 into the finished product shown in fig. 2. The square prism requires that the inclined planes at two ends of the square prism form an included angle of 45 degrees with the upper bottom surface and the lower bottom surface, and the verticality precision between the square prism and the front side surface and the rear side surface is within 20'. The positioning tool structure is described below.
The positioning tool of the embodiment comprises a base plate 1, a positioning triangular prism 2, an end surface positioning block 3, a side surface positioning block 4, a connecting block 5 and a supporting block 6. Wherein, the positioning triangular prism 2, the end face positioning block 3 and the supporting block 6 are arranged on the base plate 1; the positioning triangular prism 2 and the side positioning block 4 are isosceles right triangular prisms, the end surface positioning block 3 and the supporting block 6 are cuboid prisms, and the connecting block 5 is an isosceles trapezoid prism.
The positioning triangular prism 2 is provided with two positioning triangular prisms which are oppositely arranged on the base plate 1, the right-angle surface is contacted with the base plate 1, and a V-shaped positioning groove is formed between the inclined surfaces of the two positioning triangular prisms. The end face positioning block 3 is arranged on the substrate 1 at one side of the positioning triangular prism 2 and is provided with an end positioning surface, the end positioning surface is perpendicular to the upper surface of the substrate 1, and the end positioning surface is perpendicular to the projection surface of the groove surface of the V-shaped positioning groove on the substrate 1. The support block 6 is vertically arranged on the base plate 1, and the connecting block 5 is glued on the support block 6; the side positioning block 4 is arranged above the V-shaped positioning groove and is provided with a side positioning surface which is a right angle surface, the side positioning surface is perpendicular to the groove surface of the V-shaped positioning groove and the end positioning surface of the end positioning block 3, and the inclined surface at one end of the side positioning block 4 is glued to the connecting block 5 to support the connecting block.
The requirement on positioning accuracy is high, and the side sag is within 20 ", so that the requirement on the accuracy of each component of the positioning tool is relatively high. In the present embodiment, the surface shape accuracy of the upper surface of the substrate 1 is 1/10λ; the finish degree of three side surfaces of the positioning triangular prism 2 is national standard three-level, the surface aperture is within 1/10λ, and the angle precision is within 5'; the V-shaped positioning groove forms an angle of 90 degrees, and the angle precision is within 10'; each surface of the side positioning block 4 comprises a side positioning surface, each surface of the end positioning block 3 comprises an end positioning surface and each surface of the supporting block 6, the finish degree of the surfaces is three-level in national standard, and the surface aperture is within 1/10 lambda; the vertical precision of the side positioning surface of the side positioning block 4 and the groove surface of the V-shaped positioning groove, and the vertical precision of the side positioning surface of the side positioning block 4 and the end positioning surface of the end positioning block 3 are all within 10'.
The positioning tool for controlling the side sag of the optical prism is specially designed for grinding inclined planes at two ends of the square prism, the V-shaped positioning groove formed by the two positioning triple prisms 2 is used for positioning the leaning body 10, and is matched with the end positioning surface of the end surface positioning block 3 and the side positioning surface of the side surface positioning block 4 to accurately position the end surface, the rear side surface and the bottom surface of the square prism, so that the vertical precision of the inclined planes at the two ends of the leaning body, which are ground after being put on a disc, and the vertical precision of the inclined planes and the front side surface and the rear side surface of the leaning body are within 20' and the angle precision of the inclined planes and the bottom surface are ensured.
Example 2
As shown in fig. 4, a verification tool for controlling the side sag of an optical prism in this embodiment is specifically designed for positioning and installing the positioning tool for controlling the side sag of the optical prism in embodiment 1. It mainly comprises a reference triple prism 7 and a reference tetragonal prism 8; the reference prism 7 is an isosceles right prism, the reference square prism 8 is fixed on the inclined plane of the reference prism 7, and the reference square prism 8 is a regular hexagonal body. The reference prism 7 is matched with a V-shaped positioning groove formed by the two positioning prisms 2, and two adjacent side surfaces of the reference square prism 8 are used as detection surfaces and are respectively matched with an end positioning surface of the end surface positioning block 3 and a side positioning surface of the side surface positioning block 4.
The reference prism 7 and the reference prism 8 are combined by optical cement, and a reinforcing block 9 is arranged between the reference prism 7 and the reference prism 8 to increase the reliability and the connection strength.
The checking fixture is used as a reference piece, and has higher precision requirement. Therefore, the three side surface finishes of the reference triple prism 7 are of national standard three-level, the surface aperture is within 1/10λ, and the angle precision is within 5'; the lower surface of the reference square prism 8 is attached to the inclined surface of the reference square prism 7, two adjacent side surfaces are detection surfaces, the two detection surfaces and the lower surface are perpendicular to each other, the precision is within 5', the light cleanliness of each surface is three-level in national standard, and the surface aperture is within 1/10 lambda.
The verification tool for controlling the side sag of the optical prism of the embodiment is specially designed for the positioning tool for controlling the side sag of the optical prism of the embodiment 1, is matched with the verification tool for use, can be assembled and calibrated, ensures the positioning precision of the positioning tool on the tetragonal prism, and meets the requirement of 20' positioning precision of the side sag.
Example 3
The processing method for controlling the side sag of the optical prism in this embodiment is used for processing the semi-finished square prism shown in fig. 1 into the finished square prism shown in fig. 2, that is, grinding the inclined planes at two ends, so as to ensure that the side sag precision of the inclined planes and the front and rear side surfaces of the square prism is within 20 ".
The processing method for controlling the side sag of the optical prism comprises the following operation steps:
1. assembly of location frock
Assembling the positioning tool for the optical prism side sag control in the embodiment 1 by adopting the checking tool for the optical prism side sag control in the embodiment 2; as shown in fig. 5, the specific assembly steps are:
(1) a positioning triangular prism 2 is taken and pressed on the upper surface of the substrate 1 to generate interference fringes, and is glued by optical cement; one surface of the V-shaped bottom of the reference prism 7 of the checking fixture is glued with the surface of the positioning prism 2 to form interference fringes, the other positioning prism 2 is taken out to be simultaneously attached to the upper surface of the substrate 1 and the other surface of the V-shaped bottom of the reference prism 7 to generate two interference fringes, and the positioning prism 2 is glued with the substrate 1 through optical glue; the two positioning triple prisms 2 form a V-shaped positioning groove;
(2) placing the end face positioning block 3 on the upper surface of the substrate 1, attaching the end positioning surface of the end face positioning block 3 to a detection surface of a reference square prism 8 of a checking fixture, enabling both contact surfaces to generate interference fringes, and gluing the end face positioning block 3 on the substrate 1 through optical cement;
(3) firstly, gluing a supporting block 6 on the upper surface of a substrate 1 through optical cement; then the connecting block 5 is glued on the supporting block 6 through optical cement; finally, the side positioning surface of the side positioning block 4 and the other detection surface of the reference square prism 8 of the checking fixture are subjected to optical cement, interference fringes are generated, and one end of the side positioning block 4 is glued to the connecting block 5 through the optical cement;
(4) and taking out the checking fixture to complete the assembly of the positioning fixture.
In this step, the accuracy of the calibration fixture for controlling the side sag of the optical prism directly determines the assembly accuracy of the positioning fixture, and the key requirement is to ensure that the vertical accuracy of the detection surface of the reference square prism 8 and the inclined plane of the reference square prism 7 is within 5 ". For this purpose, a second-level optical goniometer is adopted to assemble the calibration fixture, and when the calibration fixture is assembled, one right-angle surface of the reference prism 7 is placed on a workbench of the goniometer; then, one edge of the reference square prism 8 is contacted with a workbench, and the reference square prism 8 is moved to approach the inclined plane of the reference square prism 7 until the two prisms are attached, and interference fringes are generated; then, observing through a goniometer, and finely adjusting the reference square prism 8 to enable a reflection line observed by a detection surface of the reference square prism 8 in the goniometer to be positioned at a zero position, and checking that the fixture is positioned and assembled; finally, the reinforcing block 9 is installed and fixed through optical cement. In this way, the reference triangular prism 7 and the reference square prism 8 can be positioned quickly, and the number of fine adjustments is minimized.
2. Prism side sag positioning
As shown in fig. 6, firstly, the leaning body 10 is put into a V-shaped positioning groove formed by two positioning prisms 2, and the V-shaped bottom of the leaning body 10 is matched with the V-shaped positioning groove surface photoresist to form stable interference fringes; then, a tetragonal prism to be processed is placed on the upper surface of the backrest 10, and stable interference fringes are formed; then, the end face of the square prism to be processed is matched with the end positioning face photoresist of the end face positioning block 3 to form stable interference fringes, and the rear side face of the square prism is matched with the side positioning face photoresist of the side face positioning block 4 to form stable interference fringes; finally, the tetragonal prism to be processed is taken out together with the leaning body 10 and sent into an oven to be heated for 8.2 hours at 92 ℃.
3. Prism grinding
Firstly, a leaning body is arranged on a disc, one surface of the V-shaped bottom of the leaning body 10 is glued on a tray, so that a required grinding surface is in a horizontal state; then, grinding and polishing the tetragonal prism to grind an inclined plane at one end of the tetragonal prism; when in grinding, the tray is arranged at the bottom, the tetragonal prism is arranged at the top, and sand grinding is carried out from the top; when polishing, the tray is arranged on the upper part, the tetragonal prism is arranged on the lower part, and polishing powder solution is adopted for grinding from the lower part; finally, the other surface of the V-shaped bottom of the leaning body 10 is glued on the tray, and the inclined surfaces at the other end of the square prism are ground, so that the processing of the inclined surfaces at the two ends of the square prism is completed.
In the third step, grinding is divided into coarse grinding and fine grinding, wherein the grain diameter of the coarse grinding is 320 meshes, the grinding rotating speed is 76 revolutions per minute, and the feeding speed is 7mm/min; the grain diameter of the fine grinding is 500 meshes, the grinding rotating speed is 60 revolutions per minute, and the feeding speed is 5mm/min; polishing is divided into rough polishing and finish polishing, wherein 400 meshes of polishing powder solution is adopted for circumferential swing grinding during rough polishing, the grinding rotating speed is 55 revolutions per minute, and 5Kg of pressure is applied; in the finish polishing, 500 mesh polishing powder solution is adopted for circumferential swing grinding, the grinding speed is 47 revolutions per minute, and 3Kg of pressure is applied.
And detecting inclined planes at two ends of the square prism after grinding, wherein the side sagging precision of the inclined planes is within 20 ', 100% of the inclined planes are qualified, and the included angle precision of the inclined planes and the bottom surface is within 30', so that the design requirements are met.
Example 4
The processing method of the optical prism side sag control of this embodiment is basically the same as that of embodiment 3, except that: step two, taking out the square prism to be processed along with the leaning body 10, and then sending the square prism to an oven, and heating the square prism at the temperature of 95 ℃ for 8.1 hours; grinding is divided into coarse grinding and fine grinding, wherein the grain diameter is 340 meshes during coarse grinding, the grinding rotating speed is 78 revolutions per minute, and the feeding speed is 8mm per minute; the grain diameter of the fine grinding is 510 meshes, the grinding rotating speed is 63 revolutions per minute, and the feeding speed is 5.5mm/min; polishing is divided into rough polishing and finish polishing, wherein 450 meshes of polishing powder solution is adopted for circumferential swing grinding during rough polishing, the grinding rotating speed is 58 revolutions per minute, and 5.5Kg of pressure is applied; in the finish polishing, a 530 mesh polishing powder solution was used for circumferential swing grinding at a grinding speed of 49 rpm, and a pressure of 3.4Kg was applied.
And detecting inclined planes at two ends of the square prism after grinding, wherein the side sagging precision of the inclined planes is within 20 ', 100% of the inclined planes are qualified, and the included angle precision of the inclined planes and the bottom surface is within 30', so that the design requirements are met.
Example 5
The processing method of the optical prism side sag control of this embodiment is basically the same as that of embodiment 3, except that: step two, taking out the square prism to be processed along with the leaning body 10, and then sending the square prism to an oven, and heating the square prism for 8 hours at the temperature of 100 ℃; in the third step, grinding is divided into coarse grinding and fine grinding, wherein the grain diameter of sand is 350 meshes during coarse grinding, the grinding rotating speed is 80 revolutions per minute, and the feeding speed is 9mm per minute; the grain diameter of the fine grinding is 520 meshes, the grinding rotating speed is 65 revolutions per minute, and the feeding speed is 6mm/min; polishing is divided into coarse polishing and fine polishing, wherein during the coarse polishing, 460-mesh polishing powder solution is adopted for circumferential swing grinding, the grinding speed is 60 revolutions per minute, and 6Kg of pressure is applied; in the finish polishing, 550 mesh polishing powder solution is adopted for circumferential swing grinding, the grinding speed is 51 revolutions per minute, and 3.5Kg of pressure is applied.
And detecting inclined planes at two ends of the square prism after grinding, wherein the side sagging precision of the inclined planes is within 20 ', 100% of the inclined planes are qualified, and the included angle precision of the inclined planes and the bottom surface is within 30', so that the design requirements are met.
The examples of the present invention are merely for describing the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the spirit and scope of the present invention, and those skilled in the art should make various changes and modifications to the technical solution of the present invention without departing from the spirit of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. The processing method for controlling the side sag of the optical prism comprises the following operation steps:
1. assembly of location frock
Assembling a positioning tool for controlling the side sag of the optical prism by adopting a checking tool for controlling the side sag of the optical prism;
the verification tool for the optical prism side sag control comprises a reference prism (7) and a reference tetragonal prism (8); the reference prism (7) is an isosceles right prism, and the reference square prism (8) is fixed on the inclined plane of the reference prism (7);
the positioning tool for controlling the side sag of the optical prism comprises a substrate (1), a positioning prism (2), an end surface positioning block (3), a side surface positioning block (4), a connecting block (5) and a supporting block (6); the positioning triple prisms (2) are arranged on the substrate (1) oppositely to form V-shaped positioning grooves; the end face positioning block (3) is arranged on the substrate (1) at one side of the positioning triangular prism (2) and is provided with an end positioning surface, the end positioning surface is vertical to the upper surface of the substrate (1), and the end positioning surface is vertical to the projection surface of the groove surface of the V-shaped positioning groove on the substrate (1); the side positioning block (4) is arranged above the V-shaped positioning groove and is provided with a side positioning surface, and the side positioning surface is perpendicular to the groove surface of the V-shaped positioning groove and the end positioning surface of the end positioning block (3); the support block (6) is vertically arranged on the base plate (1), and one end of the side surface positioning block (4) is connected with the support block (6) through the connecting block (5); the positioning triangular prism (2) and the side positioning block (4) are isosceles right-angle triangular prisms, and the end surface positioning block (3) and the supporting block (6) are cuboid prisms;
2. prism side sag positioning
Firstly, a leaning body (10) is put into a V-shaped positioning groove formed by two positioning triple prisms (2), and the V-shaped bottom of the leaning body (10) is matched with the groove surface photoresist of the V-shaped positioning groove to form stable interference fringes; then, placing the tetragonal prism to be processed on the upper surface of the leaning body (10) and forming stable interference fringes; then, the end face of the square prism to be processed is matched with the end positioning face photoresist of the end face positioning block (3) to form stable interference fringes, and the rear side face of the square prism is matched with the side positioning face photoresist of the side face positioning block (4) to form stable interference fringes; finally, taking out the square prism to be processed along with the leaning body (10);
3. prism grinding
Firstly, a leaning body is arranged on a disc, and one surface of the V-shaped bottom of the leaning body (10) is glued on a tray, so that a required grinding surface is in a horizontal state; then, grinding and polishing the tetragonal prism to grind an inclined plane at one end of the tetragonal prism; when in grinding, the tray is arranged at the bottom, the tetragonal prism is arranged at the top, and sand grinding is carried out from the top; when polishing, the tray is arranged on the upper part, the tetragonal prism is arranged on the lower part, and polishing powder solution is adopted for grinding from the lower part; and finally, gluing the other surface of the V-shaped bottom of the leaning body (10) on the tray, and grinding the inclined surface at the other end of the square prism to finish the processing of the inclined surfaces at the two ends of the square prism.
2. The method for processing the side sag control of the optical prism according to claim 1, wherein: the assembly steps of the positioning tool in the first step are as follows:
(1) a positioning triple prism (2) is taken and pressed on the upper surface of the substrate (1) to generate interference fringes, and the interference fringes are glued by optical cement; one surface of the V-shaped bottom of a reference prism (7) of the checking fixture is glued with the surface of a positioning prism (2) to form interference fringes, the other positioning prism (2) is taken to be simultaneously attached to the upper surface of a substrate (1) and the other surface of the V-shaped bottom of the reference prism (7), two interference fringes are generated, and the positioning prism (2) is glued with the substrate (1) through optical glue; the two positioning triple prisms (2) form a V-shaped positioning groove;
(2) placing an end face positioning block (3) on the upper surface of a substrate (1), attaching an end positioning surface of the end face positioning block (3) to a detection surface of a reference square prism (8) of a checking tool, enabling both contact surfaces to generate interference fringes, and gluing the end face positioning block (3) on the substrate (1) through optical cement;
(3) firstly, gluing a supporting block (6) on the upper surface of a substrate (1) through optical cement; then the connecting block (5) is glued on the supporting block (6) through optical cement; finally, the side positioning surface of the side positioning block (4) and the other detection surface of the reference square prism (8) of the checking fixture are subjected to optical cement, interference fringes are generated, and one end of the side positioning block (4) is glued to the connecting block (5) through the optical cement;
(4) and taking out the checking fixture to complete the assembly of the positioning fixture.
3. The method for processing the side sag control of the optical prism according to claim 1, wherein: in the second step, the tetragonal prism to be processed is taken out together with the leaning body (10) and then is sent into an oven to be heated for 8 to 8.2 hours at the temperature of 92 to 100 ℃.
4. The method for processing the side sag control of the optical prism according to claim 1, wherein: in the third step, grinding is divided into coarse grinding and fine grinding, wherein the grain diameter of sand is 320-350 meshes during coarse grinding, the grinding rotating speed is 76-80 revolutions per minute, and the feeding speed is 7-9 mm per minute; the grain diameter of the sand is 500-520 meshes during finish grinding, the grinding rotating speed is 60-65 revolutions per minute, and the feeding speed is 5-6 mm per minute; polishing is divided into rough polishing and finish polishing, wherein 400-460 mesh polishing powder is adopted for circumferential swing grinding during rough polishing, the grinding rotating speed is 55-60 revolutions per minute, and 5-6 Kg pressure is applied; during finish polishing, 500-550 mesh polishing powder is adopted for circumferential swing grinding, the grinding speed is 47-51 revolutions per minute, and 3-3.5 Kg of pressure is applied.
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| CN109249296B (en) * | 2018-11-06 | 2023-06-13 | 西安北方光电科技防务有限公司 | Optical processing method for small-caliber pyramid prism |
| CN110286458A (en) * | 2019-07-24 | 2019-09-27 | 嘉兴旭锐电子科技有限公司 | It is a kind of to realize restructural optical positioning system and method using box structure |
| CN112720080B (en) * | 2020-12-22 | 2022-05-24 | 北京航天时代激光导航技术有限责任公司 | Special processing method for multiple surface mount devices of triangular laser gyroscope |
| CN113084682B (en) * | 2021-03-22 | 2022-04-22 | 北京航天时代激光导航技术有限责任公司 | Rapid disc loading device and method for polishing cavity of unconventional laser gyroscope |
| CN114619297B (en) * | 2022-04-21 | 2023-11-03 | 马鞍山市江南光学有限公司 | Processing technology of right-angle prism side sag 10' |
| CN115847230B (en) * | 2022-10-20 | 2023-11-21 | 张家港市光学仪器有限公司 | Grinding processing method of roof prism |
| CN116699781B (en) * | 2023-05-15 | 2024-01-30 | 北京创思工贸有限公司 | Processing method of optical glued piece |
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| JP2004279892A (en) * | 2003-03-18 | 2004-10-07 | Japan Aviation Electronics Industry Ltd | Bidirectional optical module |
| US7110630B2 (en) * | 2003-03-27 | 2006-09-19 | Japan Aviation Electronics Industry Limited | Optical element assembly and method of making the same |
| CN102928954B (en) * | 2012-09-27 | 2015-02-11 | 上海兆九光电技术有限公司 | Tool for gluing prisms |
| CN204366791U (en) * | 2014-12-31 | 2015-06-03 | 马鞍山市江南光学有限公司 | On a kind of little prism, dish controls the frock hung down in side |
| CN105798804B (en) * | 2014-12-31 | 2018-01-16 | 马鞍山市江南光学有限公司 | The vertical frock in disk control side on a kind of small prism |
| CN205799140U (en) * | 2016-07-21 | 2016-12-14 | 马鞍山市江南光学有限公司 | A kind of half pentagonal prism processing tool |
| CN208005360U (en) * | 2018-03-30 | 2018-10-26 | 马鞍山市江南光学有限公司 | A kind of optical prism side hang down control positioning and checking tool |
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