CN108407410B - 一种玻璃纤维加强石膏板仿木复合板及其制备方法 - Google Patents
一种玻璃纤维加强石膏板仿木复合板及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种仿木复合板,更具体地说,它涉及一种玻璃纤维加强石膏板仿木复合板及其制备方法。其技术方案要点是包括:玻璃纤维加强石膏板,玻璃纤维加强石膏板包括第一侧面和第二侧面;找平层,所述找平层覆盖在玻璃纤维加强石膏板的至少一个侧面;封闭层,所述封闭层覆盖在所述找平层的表面;防火层,所述防火层覆盖在所述封闭层的表面;防火层,所述防火层包括第一防火侧面和第二防火侧面,所述第一防火侧面通过粘结层与所述封闭层粘结;仿木漆层,所述仿木漆层覆盖在所述防火层的表面。仿木漆具有仿木效果,而且仿木漆环保无毒;消除了施工时火灾危险性,提高了本发明制得的仿木复合板的防火性能。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种仿木复合板,更具体地说,它涉及一种玻璃纤维加强石膏板仿木复合板及其制备方法。
背景技术
饰面板是将天然木材或科技木刨切成一定厚度的薄片,粘附于胶合板表面,然后热压而成的一种用于室内装修或家具制造的表面材料。饰面板采用的材料有石材、瓷板、金属、木材等等,木饰面属于饰面板中的一种。
木饰面在建筑装饰工程中应用非常普遍,木饰面主要由基层板、天然木皮层、加硬底漆层、耐磨底漆层构成。但传统木饰面存在诸多问题:木饰面为木制品,受潮容易发霉、翘曲、变形。木饰面组成全部为易燃材料,防火性能差、不环保。木饰面的安装工艺为基层处理、弹线、饰面板加工、基层安装、饰面板安装,这些步骤导致其安装工艺复杂,基层多为木基层或钢骨架基层,基层平直度不宜控制,导致木饰面面层施工质量不易控制。异型木饰面加工难度大、加工周期长、成本高、浪费材料。
针对上述问题,目前,公开号为CN106150011A的中国专利公开了一种玻璃纤维加强石膏板仿木复合板及其制备方法,其技术方案要点是:包括:玻璃纤维加强石膏板,玻璃纤维加强石膏板包括第一侧面和第二侧面;找平层,找平层覆盖在玻璃纤维加强石膏板的至少一个侧面;封闭层,所述封闭层覆盖在所述找平层的表面;木皮层,所述木皮层包括第一侧面和第二侧面,所述第一侧面通过粘结层与所述封闭层粘结;第一清漆层,所述第一清漆层覆盖在所述木皮层的第二侧面。
上述方案利用找平层消除了玻璃纤维加强石膏板弧形外观曲面不顺畅且板面带有蜂窝麻面的问题。此外,避免了木皮层受潮容易发霉、翘曲、变形的问题;玻璃纤维加强石膏板仿木复合板耐火性强,防火性能良好。
但是上述方案中最外层依然是木皮层,木皮层的防火性能差,依然存在一定的安全隐患。
因此需要提出一种新的方案来解决这个问题。
发明内容
针对现有技术存在的不足,本发明的目的一在于提供一种玻璃纤维加强石膏板仿木复合板,无需使用木皮层,防火性能更好。
本发明的上述技术目的是通过以下技术方案得以实现的:一种玻璃纤维加强石膏板仿木复合板,包括:
玻璃纤维加强石膏板,玻璃纤维加强石膏板包括第一侧面和第二侧面;
找平层,所述找平层覆盖在玻璃纤维加强石膏板的至少一个侧面;
封闭层,所述封闭层覆盖在所述找平层的表面;
防火层,所述防火层覆盖在所述封闭层的表面,所述防火层包括第一防火侧面和第二防火侧面,所述第一防火侧面通过粘结层与所述封闭层粘结;
仿木漆层,所述仿木漆层覆盖在所述防火层的表面。
通过采用上述技术方案,仿木漆具有仿木效果,而且仿木漆是属于水性漆,水性环保无毒,刷时基本无味,干后无味;消除了施工时火灾危险性;降低了对大气污染,也提高了本发明制得的仿木复合板的防火性能。
防火层进一步提高了仿木复合板的防火性能。
找平层消除了玻璃纤维加强石膏板弧形外观曲面不顺畅且板面带有蜂窝麻面的问题。
玻璃纤维加强石膏板耐火性极强,能够起到阻止火势蔓延的作用,防火性能良好。
本发明进一步设置为:所述找平层包括由石膏粉、碳酸氢钠和乳胶混合形成的复合胶层。
通过采用上述技术方案,找平层的原料都不易燃烧,防火性能更好;而且碳酸氢钠高温还能分解产生二氧化碳,具有一定的灭火效果,进一步提高本发明制得的仿木复合板的防火性能。
本发明进一步设置为:所述找平层还包括混合有碳酸氢钠的腻子层,所述腻子层覆盖在所述复合胶层表面。
通过采用上述技术方案,腻子层不易燃烧,防火性能更好;而且碳酸氢钠高温还能分解产生二氧化碳,具有一定的灭火效果,进一步提高本发明制得的仿木复合板的防火性能。
本发明进一步设置为:所述封闭层为清漆层。
通过采用上述技术方案,清漆层对找平层有一定的保护作用,方便后期的施工。
本发明进一步设置为:所述防火层包括玻镁板,玻镁板上开设有孔,所述孔内填充有空心玻璃微珠。
通过采用上述技术方案,玻镁板具有耐高温、阻燃性能,有利于提高仿木复合板的防火性能;此外玻镁板还具有吸声、防震、防虫、防水防潮、轻质防腐、无毒无味无污染、可直接上油漆、直接贴面,表面有较好的着色性,强度高、耐弯曲有韧性、可钉、可锯、可粘,装修方便。
空心玻璃微珠填充后可大大减轻产品的基重,替代及节省更多的生产用树脂,降低产品成本;空心玻璃微珠隔热、隔音、绝缘、吸水率低,大大提高了仿木复合板的多方面性能。
本发明进一步设置为:所述孔靠近仿木漆层的一端封闭,相对另一端开口。
通过采用上述技术方案,玻镁板涂刷仿木漆的一侧相对平整,便于施工;而且开口方便空心玻璃微珠的填充。
本发明进一步设置为:所述玻镁板上孔均匀分布,且所有孔的总体积占玻镁板总体积的1/2-2/3。
通过采用上述技术方案,孔太少效果不明显,太多又会影响仿木复合板的结构强度。
本发明的目的二在于提供一种玻璃纤维加强石膏板仿木复合板的制备方法,制备方法简单易操作,而且制备出的成品无需使用木皮层,防火性能更好。
本发明的上述技术目的是通过以下技术方案得以实现的:一种制备上述玻璃纤维加强石膏板仿木复合板的方法,包括以下步骤:
步骤1,在玻璃纤维加强石膏板的第一侧面和/或第二侧面施工找平层;
步骤2,在找平层的表面施工封闭层;
步骤3,利用粘结剂将防火层粘结到封闭层,粘结剂形成粘结层;
步骤4,在防火层上涂刷仿木漆层。
通过采用上述技术方案,制备方法简单易操作,而且制备出的成品无需使用木皮层,防火性能更好。
本发明进一步设置为:在步骤1中,把石膏粉、碳酸氢钠和白乳胶搅拌均匀形成复合胶浆,对玻璃纤维加强石膏板进行找平,待第一遍复合胶浆的石膏干燥后再进行第二遍找平施工,待第二遍复合胶浆的石膏干燥后在复合胶层表面刮腻子,腻子层干燥后打磨平整。
通过采用上述技术方案,多次找平,效果更好。
本发明进一步设置为:所述封闭层为清漆层,利用辊刷在找平层涂覆两遍形成所述清漆层。
通过采用上述技术方案,操作简单,效果好,有利于提高工作效率。
综上所述,本发明具有以下有益效果:
其一,仿木漆具有仿木效果,而且仿木漆是属于水性漆,水性环保无毒,刷时基本无味,干后无味;消除了施工时火灾危险性;降低了对大气污染,也提高了本发明制得的仿木复合板的防火性能。
玻璃纤维加强石膏板耐火性极强,能够 起到阻止火势蔓延的作用,防火性能良好。
其二,找平层的原料都不易燃烧,防火性能更好;而且碳酸氢钠高温还能分解产生二氧化碳,具有一定的灭火效果,本发明制得的仿木复合板的防火性能。而且找平层消除了玻璃纤维加强石膏板弧形外观曲面不顺畅且板面带有蜂窝麻面的问题。
其三,玻镁板具有耐高温、阻燃性能,有利于提高仿木复合板的防火性能;此外玻镁板还具有吸声、防震、防虫、防水防潮、轻质防腐、无毒无味无污染、可直接上油漆、直接贴面,表面有较好的着色性,强度高、耐弯曲有韧性、可钉、可锯、可粘,装修方便。
空心玻璃微珠填充后可大大减轻产品的基重,替代及节省更多的生产用树脂,降低产品成本;空心玻璃微珠隔热、隔音、绝缘、吸水率低,大大提高了仿木复合板的多方面性能。
附图说明
图1为实施例1的整体示意图;
图2为实施例1中防火层的结构示意图。
图中:1、玻璃纤维加强石膏板;11、第一侧面;12、第二侧面;2、找平层;3、封闭层;4、防火层;41、第一防火侧面;42、第二防火侧面;43、孔;431、进料口;432、盛料槽;5、粘结层;6、仿木漆层。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图和实施例,对本发明进行详细描述。
实施例1
一种玻璃纤维加强石膏板仿木复合板,如图1所示,包括:
玻璃纤维加强石膏板1,玻璃纤维加强石膏板1包括第一侧面11和第二侧面12;
找平层2,找平层2覆盖在玻璃纤维加强石膏板1的至少一个侧面;
封闭层3,封闭层3覆盖在找平层2的表面;
防火层4,防火层4覆盖在封闭层3的表面,进一步提高了仿木复合板的防火性能。防火层4包括第一防火侧面41和第二防火侧面42,第一防火侧面41通过粘结层5与封闭层3粘结;
仿木漆层6,仿木漆层6覆盖在防火层4的表面。
仿木漆具有仿木效果,而且仿木漆是属于水性漆,水性环保无毒,刷时基本无味,干后无味;消除了施工时火灾危险性;降低了对大气污染,也提高了本发明制得的仿木复合板的防火性能。玻璃纤维加强石膏板1耐火性极强,能够起到阻止火势蔓延的作用,防火性能良好。
其中找平层2包括由石膏粉、碳酸氢钠和乳胶混合形成的复合胶层,还包括混合有碳酸氢钠的腻子层,腻子层覆盖在所述复合胶层表面。以上原料都不易燃烧,防火性能更好;而且碳酸氢钠高温还能分解产生二氧化碳,具有一定的灭火效果,进而进一步提高本发明制得的仿木复合板的防火性能。
封闭层3为清漆层,对找平层2有一定的保护作用,方便后期的施工。
如图1和图2所示,防火层4包括玻镁板,玻镁板上开设有孔43,所述孔43内填充有空心玻璃微珠(未画出)。孔43靠近仿木漆层6的一端封闭,相对另一端开口。玻镁板上孔43均匀分布,且所有孔43的总体积占玻镁板总体积的1/2-2/3。孔43太少效果不明显,太多又会影响仿木复合板的结构强度。
玻镁板具有耐高温、阻燃性能,有利于提高仿木复合板的防火性能;此外玻镁板还具有吸声、防震、防虫、防水防潮、轻质防腐、无毒无味无污染、可直接上油漆、直接贴面的性能,玻镁板表面还有较好的着色性,强度高、耐弯曲有韧性、可钉、可锯、可粘,装修方便。
空心玻璃微珠填充后可大大减轻产品的基重,替代及节省更多的生产用树脂,降低产品成本;空心玻璃微珠隔热、隔音、绝缘、吸水率低,大大提高了仿木复合板的多方面性能。
玻镁板涂刷仿木漆的一侧相对平整,便于施工;而且开口方便空心玻璃微珠的填充。孔43太少效果不明显,太多又会影响仿木复合板的结构强度。经测试所有孔43的总体积占玻镁板总体积的1/2-2/3时防火性能、结构强度、成本的综合效果更好。
如图2所示,孔43包括进料口431和盛料槽432,进料口431为多边形,用于放入空心玻璃微珠,盛料槽432为椭球形,用于盛装空心玻璃微珠,进料口431的开口截面积最小,到盛料槽432底部截面积逐渐增大;既可以装入更多的空心玻璃微球还可以尽量限制空心玻璃微珠掉出。在其他实施例中,进料口431还可以为圆形或椭圆形或不规则形状,盛料槽432还可以是球形。
实施例2
一种玻璃纤维加强石膏板仿木复合板,实施例2与实施例1不同之处在于,在盛料槽内空心玻璃微珠的中部盛放有水袋,还填充有氯化钾颗粒,水的比热容比较大,具有一定的保温作用,当火势很大时还可以进行灭火;水袋被高温熔化或者被火烧漏后溶解氯化钾,氯化钾溶解吸热也可以起到一定的降温灭火作用,进一步提高了本发明制得的仿木复合板的防火性能。
实施例3
一种制备实施例1中玻璃纤维加强石膏板仿木复合板的方法,包括以下步骤:
步骤1,室温下把石膏粉、碳酸氢钠和白乳胶搅拌均匀形成复合胶浆备用,将玻璃纤维加强石膏板放置在水平的平台上,对玻璃纤维加强石膏板进行找平,在玻璃纤维加强石膏板的第一侧面和/或第二侧面施工找平层,待第一遍复合胶浆的石膏干燥后再进行第二遍找平施工,待第二遍复合胶浆的石膏干燥后在复合胶层表面刮腻子,腻子层干燥后打磨平整。
步骤2,在找平层的表面施工封闭层,即在腻子层表面利用辊刷在找平层涂覆两遍清漆形成清漆层;
步骤3,制备防火层,在玻镁板上开设孔,放入空心玻璃微珠,然后利用粘结剂将防火层粘结到封闭层,粘结剂形成粘结层;
步骤4,粘结稳固后在防火层上涂刷仿木漆层,干燥后即为成品。
上述制备方法简单易操作,而且制备出的成品无需使用木皮层,还加入了防火层,制得的的仿木复合板防火性能大大提高。
实施例4
一种制备实施例2中玻璃纤维加强石膏板仿木复合板的方法,实施例4与实施例3的不同之处在于在步骤3中在孔内先放入一半的空心玻璃微珠,再放入水袋,之后放入剩下的空心玻璃微珠,最后放入氯化钾,将空心玻璃微珠之间的空隙填满,更不容易掉落,然后利用粘结剂将防火层粘结到封闭层,粘结剂形成粘结层。
实施例5
一种制备实施例2中玻璃纤维加强石膏板仿木复合板的方法,实施例5与实施例4的不同之处在于步骤3中在制作玻镁板的模具上等距放置跟孔大小形状相同的冰块,冰块放置在柔性保温套内,并迅速将玻镁板浆料倒在工作台上,然后室温下制板,养护,养护过程中打开柔性保温套,冰块会缓慢融化,融化到小于孔的进料口时可以取出柔性保温套重复使用,然后脱模,养护,切割,制备过程中可以通过湿度调节器调节空气湿度;接下来在孔内依次装入空心玻璃微珠,水袋,空心玻璃微珠和氯化钾。
通过实施例3-5制备的玻璃纤维加强石膏板仿木复合板防火等级都比较高,达到了A1级,而且还有一定的灭火效果。此外本发明还测试了仿木复合板的其他性能,具体数据见下表。以公开号为CN106150011A的中国专利制备的玻璃纤维加强石膏板仿木复合板作为对比例1进行对比,测试本发明各项性能的提高率,每组取三个样品,取其平均值。
由以上表格可以看出,实施例3-5制得的玻璃纤维加强石膏板仿木复合板各项性能制备都由于对比例1,尤其是实施例5制得的成品各项指标都远远优于对比例1;因此本发明制得的成品不仅仅提高了防火性能,还有一定的灭火效果,并且抗折强度、抗压强度、抗冲击强度和抗弯曲强度都有明显的提高,而且制备方法也相对比较简单,很容易推广。
以上所述仅是本发明的优选实施方式,本发明的保护范围并不仅局限于上述实施例,凡属于本发明思路下的技术方案均属于本发明的保护范围。应当指出,对于本技术领域的普通技术人员来说,在不脱离本发明原理前提下的若干改进和润饰,这些改进和润饰也应视为本发明的保护范围。
Claims (9)
1.一种玻璃纤维加强石膏板仿木复合板,其特征是,包括:
玻璃纤维加强石膏板 (1),玻璃纤维加强石膏板 (1)包括第一侧面 (11)和第二侧面(12);
找平层(2),所述找平层(2)覆盖在玻璃纤维加强石膏板(1)的至少一个侧面;
封闭层(3),所述封闭层(3)覆盖在所述找平层(2)的表面;
防火层(4),所述防火层(4)覆盖在所述封闭层(3)的表面,所述防火层(4)包括第一防火侧面(41)和第二防火侧面(42),所述第一防火侧面(41)通过粘结层(5)与所述封闭层(3)粘结;
仿木漆层(6),所述仿木漆层(6)覆盖在所述防火层(4)的表面;
所述找平层(2)包括由石膏粉、碳酸氢钠和乳胶混合形成的复合胶层;
所述找平层(2)还包括混合有碳酸氢钠的腻子层,所述腻子层覆盖在所述复合胶层表面。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种玻璃纤维加强石膏板仿木复合板,其特征是,所述封闭层(3)为清漆层。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种玻璃纤维加强石膏板仿木复合板,其特征是,所述防火层(4)包括玻镁板,玻镁板上开设有孔(43),所述孔(43)内填充有空心玻璃微珠。
4.根据权利要求3所述的一种玻璃纤维加强石膏板仿木复合板,其特征是,所述孔(43)内设有水袋,并填充有氯化钾。
5.根据权利要求3所述的一种玻璃纤维加强石膏板仿木复合板,其特征是,所述孔(43)靠近仿木漆层(6)的一端封闭,相对另一端开口。
6.根据权利要求3所述的一种玻璃纤维加强石膏板仿木复合板,其特征是,所述玻镁板上孔(43)均匀分布,且所有孔(43)的总体积占玻镁板总体积的1/2-2/3。
7.一种制备权利要求1-6中任意一项所述玻璃纤维加强石膏板仿木复合板的方法,其特征是,包括以下步骤:
步骤1,在玻璃纤维加强石膏板(1)的第一侧面(11)和/或第二侧面(12)施工找平层(2);
步骤2,在找平层(2)的表面施工封闭层(3);
步骤3,利用粘结剂将防火层(4)粘结到封闭层(3),粘结剂形成粘结层(5);
步骤4,在防火层(4)上涂刷仿木漆层(6)。
8.根据权利要求7所述的一种制备玻璃纤维加强石膏板仿木复合板的方法,其特征是,在步骤1中,把石膏粉、碳酸氢钠和白乳胶搅拌均匀形成复合胶浆,对玻璃纤维加强石膏板(1)进行找平,待第一遍复合胶浆的石膏干燥后再进行第二遍找平施工,待第二遍复合胶浆的石膏干燥后在复合胶层表面刮腻子,腻子层干燥后打磨平整。
9.根据权利要求7所述的一种制备玻璃纤维加强石膏板仿木复合板的方法,其特征是,所述封闭层(3)为清漆层,利用辊刷在找平层(2)涂覆两遍形成所述清漆层。
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CN104529367A (zh) * | 2014-12-24 | 2015-04-22 | 深圳市富山厚土建材有限公司 | 一种增强石膏板及其制备方法 |
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CN106150011A (zh) * | 2016-07-05 | 2016-11-23 | 北京港源建筑装饰工程有限公司 | 一种玻璃纤维加强石膏板仿木复合板及其制备方法 |
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JP2000096737A (ja) * | 1998-09-17 | 2000-04-04 | Toray Ind Inc | 耐火部材及びその製造方法 |
CN102852271A (zh) * | 2012-08-10 | 2013-01-02 | 上海理想家园工程营造有限公司 | 一种多样无机复合外壳围盒式包装a级防火的模墙板及其施工方法 |
CN104529367A (zh) * | 2014-12-24 | 2015-04-22 | 深圳市富山厚土建材有限公司 | 一种增强石膏板及其制备方法 |
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CN106150011A (zh) * | 2016-07-05 | 2016-11-23 | 北京港源建筑装饰工程有限公司 | 一种玻璃纤维加强石膏板仿木复合板及其制备方法 |
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