CN108396846B - Deep drainage tunnel inflow shaft energy dissipation and energy storage device - Google Patents

Deep drainage tunnel inflow shaft energy dissipation and energy storage device Download PDF

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CN108396846B
CN108396846B CN201810227237.1A CN201810227237A CN108396846B CN 108396846 B CN108396846 B CN 108396846B CN 201810227237 A CN201810227237 A CN 201810227237A CN 108396846 B CN108396846 B CN 108396846B
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energy
shaft
vertical shaft
water flow
water collecting
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CN108396846A (en
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俞晓东
张健
杨秀维
刘熠
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Hohai University HHU
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E03—WATER SUPPLY; SEWERAGE
    • E03F—SEWERS; CESSPOOLS
    • E03F1/00—Methods, systems, or installations for draining-off sewage or storm water
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D29/00—Independent underground or underwater structures; Retaining walls
    • E02D29/10—Tunnels or galleries specially adapted to house conduits, e.g. oil pipe-lines, sewer pipes ; Making conduits in situ, e.g. of concrete ; Casings, i.e. manhole shafts, access or inspection chambers or coverings of boreholes or narrow wells
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03B—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
    • F03B1/00—Engines of impulse type, i.e. turbines with jets of high-velocity liquid impinging on blades or like rotors, e.g. Pelton wheels; Parts or details peculiar thereto
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03B—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
    • F03B13/00—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/20—Hydro energy

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  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
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  • Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
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Abstract

The invention provides an energy dissipation and storage device for an inflow vertical shaft of a deep drainage tunnel, which stores potential energy and kinetic energy of water flow entering the vertical shaft by utilizing a deep tunnel drainage system. The energy conversion device is characterized in that a water collecting plate is arranged in a vertical shaft to concentrate water flow entering the vertical shaft to one side of the vertical shaft, the water flow passes through the water collecting plate and then drives a rotating wheel to rotate through impacting a rotating wheel blade, then two bevel gears drive a force transmission main shaft to rotate, the force transmission main shaft can extend to a well head of the vertical shaft, and the force transmission main shaft is connected with a gear pump near the well head and operates through a gear so as to achieve the purpose of storing hydraulic energy. The invention is based on the working principle of energy conservation, stores the energy passing through the vertical shaft so as to provide energy for the operation of the whole system and has energy dissipation effect.

Description

Deep drainage tunnel inflow shaft energy dissipation and energy storage device
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of urban deep tunnel drainage, in particular to an energy dissipation and storage device for inflow water flow of a vertical shaft, which is used for converting the energy of the water flow entering the vertical shaft into mechanical hydraulic energy and achieving the purposes of energy dissipation and energy storage.
Background
With the acceleration of the urbanization process of China, the prominent rainwater problems of frequent waterlogging, aggravated runoff pollution, water resource loss, deterioration of water ecological environment and the like brought by the traditional urban construction mode become one of the limiting factors restricting the social development. At present, the bearing capacity of the environment is increasingly saturated, and the construction of a sponge city becomes the inevitable requirement of the social development of China at present. Aiming at the characteristics of low water surface rate, high building density, complex underground pipelines, dense population, high flood prevention safety pressure and the like in urban central areas, a large deep storage tunnel is adopted as a foundation supporting project and is assisted with source runoff control, so that the method becomes an effective means for solving urban inland inundation and early rain pollution.
In order to avoid the influence on underground pipelines, subways and other facilities, urban deep tunnel storage and drainage tunnels are generally built at 40-60 m underground, and when rainstorm occurs, a large amount of rainwater collected on the ground flows into the underground tunnels through inflow vertical shafts to store part of the rainwater. Therefore, the height of the inflow vertical shaft is high, if water flow directly falls into the bottom of the vertical shaft from the top of the vertical shaft, potential energy of the water flow is converted into kinetic energy, great impact is inevitably generated on the bottom of the vertical shaft, the structure of the vertical shaft is damaged, the problems that vibration and noise are generated in the vertical shaft, a large amount of gas enters a tunnel and the like are caused, and the safe operation of a project is influenced. In order to solve the energy dissipation problem of water flow, energy dissipation structures such as traditional folded plate type structures, slide way type structures, stepped structures and the like are often built in a vertical shaft in the prior engineering, and when water flows through the structures, energy is dissipated, so that the purpose of energy dissipation is achieved. On one hand, the energy dissipation measures are easy to generate various complex hydraulic flow phenomena such as vortex, cavitation and cavitation erosion, aerated water flow and the like in the vertical shaft, and meanwhile, the structure built in the vertical shaft is washed by the water flow, so that the problem of overlarge structural vibration is brought, and the structural safety is threatened. In addition, the inflow vertical shaft is higher, the fall of water flow is larger, and more potential energy is provided, so how to utilize the energy is not similar in concept and structure in the design of the urban deep tunnel inflow vertical shaft. The invention provides and designs a novel inflow shaft structure of a deep tunnel system, which converts energy originally dissipated by a shaft energy dissipation structure into mechanical energy through a novel device on the premise of ensuring safe inflow of water flow, and further converts the mechanical energy into hydraulic energy to be stored, and is used for supplying energy to mechanical devices in the deep tunnel system, such as gates, maintenance elevators and other equipment.
Disclosure of Invention
The purpose of the invention is as follows: in the current deep tunnel regulating and draining system, the water flow of the inflow vertical shaft is mostly subjected to pure energy dissipation measures to avoid the damage of the water flow to the vertical shaft, but the energy of the partial water flow is wasted, so that the defects in the current vertical shaft energy dissipation are overcome.
The technical scheme is as follows: in order to solve the technical problem, the energy dissipation and storage device for the inflow vertical shaft of the deep drainage tunnel comprises a water collection system, an energy conversion device and a transmission system, wherein the water collection system, the energy conversion device and the transmission system are installed in the vertical shaft; the energy conversion device is provided with semicircular blades; the transmission system comprises a bevel gear and a force transmission main shaft and is used for connecting the energy conversion device and the energy storage device.
Specifically, the energy storage device is a gear pump, the semicircular blades are uniformly arranged on the rotating shaft at intervals of 45 degrees, and the bevel gears are symmetrically arranged at two ends of the rotating shaft.
Specifically, one side of the water collecting plate, which is far away from the main stream, is a curved surface part which is positioned in the vertical shaft after the parabola is stretched along a straight line, and the water collecting plate, which is close to the main stream, is a curved surface obtained by sweeping the parabola along a half circumference of the cross section of the vertical shaft, so that the impact effect on the water collecting plate when water flows down from the wellhead of the vertical shaft is reduced. Wherein be close to mainstream one side water-collecting plate and mainly play and prevent that rivers from flowing down along the shaft side wall, prevent to produce great leakage loss, also prevent that rivers from not passing through the runner energy dissipation with great velocity of flow along the direct effect of damaging that flows down and produce comparatively seriously to the dark tunnel.
Specifically, the part of the water collecting plate at the nozzle is defined by a plane tangent to the water collecting plate at the joint of the water collecting plate at the side far away from the main stream and a curved surface of a semi-cylindrical side surface. On the premise of ensuring certain flow capacity of the vertical shaft, water flow is guided to one side far away from the rotating shaft as far as possible, so that torque as far as possible is generated on the rotating shaft.
Specifically, the water collection sheet nozzle has a certain height, so that water flow passing through the nozzle can have a better flow state, and the water flow can smoothly fall onto the rotor blade after passing through the water collection sheet nozzle.
Specifically, the shape of the blade of the rotating wheel is semicircular, the edge of the blade keeps a certain safe distance from the inner wall of the vertical shaft, and accidents caused by friction collision between the blade and the inner wall of the vertical shaft due to expansion caused by heat and contraction caused by cold or impact deformation and the like are prevented.
Specifically, the configuration of the runner blade is a flat plate type, and according to the energy conservation equation of the runner:
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE002
wherein: gamma is the volume weight of water, QeFor the flow through the rotor, V and r represent the velocity perpendicular to the blades and the corresponding force arm, respectively, subscripts 1 and 2 represent the in-and-out position of the rotor, respectively, and ω represents the angular velocity of the rotor rotation.
As shown in the attached figure 5, when water flows through the water collecting plate 3, the water flow has the speed in the vertical direction with the nearest runner blade from the water flow outlet under the action of the water collecting plate 3, at the moment, part of the water flow collides with the blade, the flow speed direction of the rest water flow gradually changes to be close to vertical direction downwards under the action of gravity, at the moment, the part of the water flow collides with the next blade (the next blade of the blade in clockwise sequence), at the moment, the water flow speed direction is also close to be perpendicular to the blade, namely when a flat blade is adopted, under the correction action of the water flow gravity, the water flow can be enabled to have theV u1 Keep a large value, and when the water flow collides with the blades of the runner, the water flow flowing out direction is basically parallel to the blade direction, so that the use of the flat blades can ensure thatV u2 The smaller value is maintained. According to the conservation of energy, other parameters are fixed values, so that the efficiency of energy conversion can be highest when the flat blade is adopted.
Specifically, the taper angles of the two force transmission bevel gears are 90 degrees, the rotation of the rotating shaft in the horizontal direction is converted into the rotation of the force transmission main shaft in the vertical direction, the force transmission effect of the force transmission main shaft is used for transmitting the rotating force to the gear pump near the wellhead of the vertical shaft, and the gear pump is driven to work, so that the recovery of water flow energy is realized.
In order to accommodate installation tolerances and the displacement of the device shaft during operation, the drive spindles can be composed of several sections which are connected to one another and are connected to one another by elastic couplings.
When the power transmission device is used, water flow entering the vertical shaft is concentrated to one side of the vertical shaft by the four water collecting plates, the gravity and kinetic energy of the water flow are utilized to drive the rotating wheel of the energy conversion device below the water collecting plates to rotate, and therefore the rotating direction of the rotating shaft is changed through the two bevel gears, and the power transmission main shaft is driven to rotate. In addition, the force transmission main shaft can have a higher height (extending out of a vertical shaft wellhead), and the head of the force transmission main shaft at the wellhead is connected with the gear pump, so that the aim of storing water flow energy into hydraulic energy is fulfilled. The position of the water collecting plate can be reasonably determined according to the water flow impact force borne by the water collecting plate and the height of the vertical shaft, so that the water collecting plate is prevented from being impacted greatly due to the fact that the water collecting plate is far away from a well head.
Has the advantages that: in past solutions, the flow through the shaft was only through other energy dissipaters to prevent damage to the shaft and tunnel by the flow, but the energy of the flow was wasted. The invention stores the energy of the vertical shaft water flow into mechanical hydraulic energy, and the kinetic energy of the falling water is absorbed and dumped, thereby avoiding the formation of water hammer in the underground pipeline, and simultaneously providing energy for the operation of various parts such as gates and the like in the regulating and draining system.
Description of the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a top view of the water collection sheet structure of the present invention in the upper portion of a shaft for concentrating water flow;
FIG. 2 is a left side view of the water collection sheet structure of the present invention in the upper portion of the shaft for concentrating water flow;
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the overall structure of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a front view of the overall structure of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is an enlarged partial view of a bevel gear at the intersection of the device spindle and the force transfer spindle of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the invention inside a shaft;
labeled as: the device comprises a first water collecting plate 1, a second water collecting plate 2, a third water collecting plate 3, a fourth water collecting plate 4, an impact type water runner blade 5, a first bevel gear 6, a second bevel gear 7, a rotating shaft 8, a force transmission main shaft 9, a gear pump 10 and a shaft inner wall 11.
The specific implementation mode is as follows:
example (b):
the concrete structure of the energy dissipation and storage device applied to the water collecting vertical shaft of the embodiment is shown in figures 1-5. The device comprises a first water collecting plate 1, a second water collecting plate 2, a third water collecting plate 3, a fourth water collecting plate 4, an impact type water runner blade 5, a first bevel gear 6, a second bevel gear 7, a rotating shaft 8, a force transmission main shaft 9 and a gear pump 10.
Wherein, first water-collecting plate 1 is the parabola and is in the inside curved surface part of shaft after the straight line is stretched, mainly plays and prevents that rivers from flowing down along the shaft boundary wall, prevents to produce great seepage loss, also prevents that rivers from not passing through the runner energy dissipation and directly flowing down along the shaft inner wall with great velocity of flow and produce comparatively serious destruction effect to dark tunnel.
The second water collecting plate 2 is a curved surface obtained by sweeping a parabola along a half circumference of the cross section of the vertical shaft so as to reduce the impact effect on the water collecting plate when water flows down from the well mouth of the vertical shaft.
The third water collecting plate 3 is a plane tangent to the water collecting plate at the joint of the side far away from the main stream, and the fourth water collecting plate 4 is a curved surface of a semi-cylindrical side surface. On the premise of ensuring certain flow capacity of the vertical shaft, water flow is guided to one side far away from the rotating shaft as far as possible, so that torque as far as possible is generated on the rotating shaft.
The first water collection sheet 1, the second water collection sheet 2, the third water collection sheet 3 and the fourth water collection sheet 4 together constitute a water collection system.
The shape of the impact type water runner blade 5 is semicircular, the edge of the blade keeps a certain safe distance with the inner wall 11 of the vertical shaft, and accidents caused by friction and collision between the blade and the inner wall of the vertical shaft due to expansion caused by heat and contraction caused by cold or impact deformation and the like are prevented.
A transmission system is formed by a first bevel gear 6 connected with the rotating shaft, a second bevel gear 7 connected with the force transmission main shaft and the force transmission main shaft 9, and the horizontal rotation is converted into the rotation of the force transmission main shaft in the vertical direction.
When the device is used, as shown in fig. 6, after water flows into a vertical shaft from a wellhead position, the water flows are guided to one side of the vertical shaft under the action of a first water collecting plate 1 far away from one side of a main flow and a second water collecting plate 2 close to one side of the main flow, the water flows are guided to a third water collecting plate 3 close to a side wall by being tangent to the first water collecting plate 1 at a joint and guided to a position farthest from a rotating shaft in a runner blade under the constraint action of a fourth water collecting plate 4 which is perpendicular to a horizontal plane and is connected with the second water collecting plate 2 to guide the water flows, the water flows drive an impact type water runner blade 5 and the rotating shaft 6 to rotate, a force transmission main shaft 9 is driven to rotate under the action of a first bevel gear 6 and a second bevel gear 7, the force transmission main shaft 9 is directly connected with one of gears in a gear pump 10, and.
In the description of the present invention, it is also to be noted that the terms "disposed," "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly unless otherwise specifically stated or limited. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.
It should be noted that: like reference numbers and letters refer to like items in the following figures, and thus, once an item is defined in one figure, it need not be further defined and explained in subsequent figures.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc. indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings or the orientations or positional relationships that the products of the present invention are conventionally placed in use, and are only used for convenience in describing the present invention and simplifying the description, but do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," "third," and the like are used solely to distinguish one from another and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various changes and modifications may be made by those skilled in the art, and various changes, modifications, equivalents and improvements may be made to the embodiments within the scope of the principle and technical idea of the present invention, and are included in the scope of the present invention.

Claims (3)

1. The utility model provides a deep drainage tunnel inflow shaft energy dissipation and energy memory, is including installing water collecting system, energy conversion device and the transmission system in the shaft, its characterized in that:
the water collecting system comprises a first curved surface formed by drawing a parabola along the diameter of the vertical shaft, a plane water collecting plate tangent to the first curved surface at the joint for guiding water flow to one side of the runner blade away from the rotating shaft, a second curved surface formed by sweeping the parabola along a half circle of the vertical shaft, and a cylindrical surface connected with the second curved surface for guiding water flow;
the energy conversion device is provided with a semicircular blade which is a flat plate; the transmission system comprises a bevel gear and a force transmission main shaft and is used for connecting the energy conversion device and the energy storage device; the semicircular blades are uniformly arranged on the rotating shaft at intervals of 45 degrees;
the transmission system comprises a bevel gear and a force transmission main shaft and is used for connecting the energy conversion device and the energy storage device; the water collecting system is used for guiding water flow to reach one side, far away from the rotating shaft, of the rotating wheel blade as smoothly as possible, so that a large moment effect is generated on the rotating shaft, the rotating wheel of the energy conversion device below the water collecting plate is driven to rotate by utilizing the gravity and kinetic energy of the water flow, the rotating shaft drives the bevel gear at the end of the rotating shaft to rotate, the bevel gear drives the gear pump to work through the force transmission main shaft, the energy of the water flow is converted into mechanical hydraulic energy through the operation of the gear pump, and the energy of the water flow of the vertical shaft is recovered while energy is.
2. The deep drainage tunnel inflow shaft energy dissipation and storage device of claim 1, wherein: the energy storage device is a gear pump.
3. The deep drainage tunnel inflow shaft energy dissipation and storage device of claim 2, wherein: the bevel gears are symmetrically arranged at both ends of the rotating shaft.
CN201810227237.1A 2018-03-20 2018-03-20 Deep drainage tunnel inflow shaft energy dissipation and energy storage device Active CN108396846B (en)

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CN1052723A (en) * 1989-12-18 1991-07-03 刘小泉 Flexible wind-driven generator
US7521816B2 (en) * 2007-03-01 2009-04-21 Helfrich Jim C Water current powered motor
JP2013189969A (en) * 2012-03-12 2013-09-26 Shoei:Kk Vertical channel type cross flow turbine
CN204511751U (en) * 2014-12-27 2015-07-29 陈积瞻 A kind of impact water bucket type sewage generating illuminating system
CN106894940A (en) * 2015-12-18 2017-06-27 张家界航空工业职业技术学院 A kind of TRT in waterworks exit
CN107419772A (en) * 2017-08-17 2017-12-01 任静 A kind of agricultural rainwater-collecting and the device to generate electricity

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