CN108395917A - 一种用于石油防爆剂的助剂 - Google Patents

一种用于石油防爆剂的助剂 Download PDF

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CN108395917A
CN108395917A CN201810135370.4A CN201810135370A CN108395917A CN 108395917 A CN108395917 A CN 108395917A CN 201810135370 A CN201810135370 A CN 201810135370A CN 108395917 A CN108395917 A CN 108395917A
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黄帮义
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Anhui Haide Chemical Technology Co Ltd
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Abstract

一种用于石油防爆剂的助剂，涉及石油加工生产技术领域，其特征在于：包括以下重量份的材料制成，甘油硬脂酸酯5‑10份、聚乙烯蜡2‑7份、烷基苯磺酸钠1‑5份、乙酰柠檬酸三乙酯2‑9份、改性云母粉8‑14份、柠檬酸三钠1‑4份、甲基环戊二烯三羰基锰2‑7份、阻焦剂8‑14份。本发明方法合理、污染小、成本低。

Description

一种用于石油防爆剂的助剂
技术领域
本发明涉及石油加工生产技术领域，具体涉及一种用于石油防爆剂的助剂。
背景技术
辛烷值是车用汽油最重要的质量指标，它综合反映一个国家炼油工业水平和车辆设计水平，采用抗爆剂是提高车用汽油辛烷值的重要手段。添加汽油抗爆剂可提高汽油的抗爆性能，即车用汽油国家标准《GB17930-2013》的研究法辛烷值和抗爆指数，是生产高标号汽油的主要手段。
汽油抗爆剂根据其化学性质可分为不同种类，当前常见的主要有:醇类、醚类、金属类、胺类、脂类和复配类。按应用特性又可分为金属有灰和有机无灰型。
醇类抗爆剂由于和汽油的互溶性较差、氧含量大和国标限制等原因，当前很少应用于汽油的调合生产。
醚类抗爆剂的应用较为普及，MTBE(甲基叔丁基醚)为其主要代表，但受限于氧含量过高和热值较低，在汽油中的掺兑量通常不超过10％。MTBE在国内多数炼厂具有生产。
金属类抗爆剂常见的主要有四乙基铅、二茂铁、MMT(甲基环戊二烯三羰基锰)或CMT，由于在发动机内部会产生金属沉积物，导致汽缸磨损、火花塞点火不良、氧传感器和三元催化器中毒等严重故障，当前已被禁止或限制。其中四乙基铅和二茂铁的添加列为国标明确禁止，锰系抗爆剂则被加以严格限制使用(检出限量低于0.018g/L)。当前，市场上容易见到的主要是锰系抗爆剂，亦有少量二茂铁抗爆剂。其中，MMT的供货商主要为美国乙基公司。
胺类抗爆剂则碱性较强，容易产生腐蚀，同时由于价格较高，较少有市场应用；脂类抗爆剂单独使用抗爆效率低，多作为抗暴助剂复配使用。
复配类抗爆剂系采用不同高辛烷值物质复配，形成良性协同效应的复合抗爆剂产品。抗爆效能较金属抗爆剂弱，但比其他几类抗爆剂更强，添加量不受限制，且不对其他质量指标产生负效应，为各类抗爆剂中最具前景的新型抗爆剂。典型代表为北京石油化工学院开发的F2-1非金属无灰抗爆剂。
发明内容
本发明所要解决的技术问题在于克服现有的技术缺陷提供一种方法合理、污染小、成本低的一种用于石油防爆剂的助剂。
本发明所要解决的技术问题采用以下的技术方案来实现：
一种用于石油防爆剂的助剂，其特征在于：包括以下重量份的材料制成，
甘油硬脂酸酯5-10份、聚乙烯蜡2-7份、烷基苯磺酸钠1-5份、乙酰柠檬酸三乙酯2-9份、改性云母粉8-14份、柠檬酸三钠1-4份、甲基环戊二烯三羰基锰2-7份、阻焦剂8-14份；
所述改性云母粉的制备方式为：将云母研磨且过300-400目筛，然后加入1，2-丙二醇二丙烯酸酯在常温下搅拌混合10min，然后升温至80-85℃保温研磨30min，再加水搅拌制成固含量达到25-35％的溶液，所得混合液送入喷雾干燥机中干燥，制得20-40目的球形颗粒，并于100-110℃下烘干；
所述1，2-丙二醇二丙烯酸与云母的质量比未1：4.1；
所述阻焦剂由以下重量份的材料制成，
十八烷基甲基丙烯酸酯4份、邻苯二甲酸烷基酯4份、高碳烷2份、羧甲基纤维素6份、亚铁氰化钾6份、乙醇15份；
制备方式为：将十八烷基甲基丙烯酸酯加入乙醇中浸泡1-8小时，然后送入搅拌机机充分搅拌，经过加热后加入邻苯二甲酸烷基酯、高碳烷、羧甲基纤维素、亚铁氰化钾，然后降温至室温，启动搅拌装置，60-200rpm/min，搅拌20min，后放置室温自然冷却后即得；
所述一种用于石油防爆剂的助剂的制备方式为，
Ⅰ将甘油硬脂酸酯、聚乙烯蜡、烷基苯磺酸钠、乙酰柠檬酸三乙酯、改性云母粉放入反应釜中，在55-65℃的温度下混合1个小时；
Ⅱ将其余的材料放入反应釜中，升温到85-95℃，继续反应1.5个小时；
Ⅲ将材料充分混合后静置30min，并于微波频率2450MHz、输出功率700W下微波回流处理5min，然后再加水搅拌制成固含量达到25-35％的溶液，所得混合液送入喷雾干燥机中干燥，制得20-40目的球形颗粒，并于100-110℃下烘干。
本发明的有益效果为：本发明所制备的助剂能够辅助抗暴击提高汽油辛烷值高，抗爆指数较高，且在发动机内部不会产生金属沉积物，不会导致汽缸磨损、火花塞点火不良、氧传感器和三元催化器中毒等严重故；其成分对汽油罐不会产生腐蚀，不会影响油质，且不对其他质量指标产生负效应，同时由于该抗爆剂价格较市场抗爆剂不高，且该抗爆剂产生污染物少，对环境污染小，不用担心该抗爆剂对环境的污染，可以很好应用于市场。
具体实施方式
为了使本发明实现的技术手段、创作特征、达成目的与功效易于明白了解，下面进一步阐述本发明。
实施例1
一种用于石油防爆剂的助剂，其特征在于：包括以下重量份的材料制成，
甘油硬脂酸酯5份、聚乙烯蜡2份、烷基苯磺酸钠1份、乙酰柠檬酸三乙酯2份、改性云母粉8份、柠檬酸三钠1份、甲基环戊二烯三羰基锰2份、阻焦剂8份；
所述改性云母粉的制备方式为：将云母研磨且过300-400目筛，然后加入1，2-丙二醇二丙烯酸酯在常温下搅拌混合10min，然后升温至80-85℃保温研磨30min，再加水搅拌制成固含量达到25-35％的溶液，所得混合液送入喷雾干燥机中干燥，制得20-40目的球形颗粒，并于100-110℃下烘干；
所述1，2-丙二醇二丙烯酸与云母的质量比未1：4.1；
所述阻焦剂由以下重量份的材料制成，
十八烷基甲基丙烯酸酯4份、邻苯二甲酸烷基酯4份、高碳烷2份、羧甲基纤维素6份、亚铁氰化钾6份、乙醇15份；
制备方式为：将十八烷基甲基丙烯酸酯加入乙醇中浸泡1-8小时，然后送入搅拌机机充分搅拌，经过加热后加入邻苯二甲酸烷基酯、高碳烷、羧甲基纤维素、亚铁氰化钾，然后降温至室温，启动搅拌装置，60-200rpm/min，搅拌20min，后放置室温自然冷却后即得；
所述一种用于石油防爆剂的助剂的制备方式为，
Ⅰ将甘油硬脂酸酯、聚乙烯蜡、烷基苯磺酸钠、乙酰柠檬酸三乙酯、改性云母粉放入反应釜中，在55-65℃的温度下混合1个小时；
Ⅱ将其余的材料放入反应釜中，升温到85-95℃，继续反应1.5个小时；
Ⅲ将材料充分混合后静置30min，并于微波频率2450MHz、输出功率700W下微波回流处理5min，然后再加水搅拌制成固含量达到25-35％的溶液，所得混合液送入喷雾干燥机中干燥，制得20-40目的球形颗粒，并于100-110℃下烘干。
实施例2
一种用于石油防爆剂的助剂，其特征在于：包括以下重量份的材料制成，
甘油硬脂酸酯10份、聚乙烯蜡7份、烷基苯磺酸钠5份、乙酰柠檬酸三乙酯9份、改性云母粉14份、柠檬酸三钠4份、甲基环戊二烯三羰基锰7份、阻焦剂14份；
所述改性云母粉的制备方式为：将云母研磨且过300-400目筛，然后加入1，2-丙二醇二丙烯酸酯在常温下搅拌混合10min，然后升温至80-85℃保温研磨30min，再加水搅拌制成固含量达到25-35％的溶液，所得混合液送入喷雾干燥机中干燥，制得20-40目的球形颗粒，并于100-110℃下烘干；
所述1，2-丙二醇二丙烯酸与云母的质量比未1：4.1；
所述阻焦剂由以下重量份的材料制成，
十八烷基甲基丙烯酸酯4份、邻苯二甲酸烷基酯4份、高碳烷2份、羧甲基纤维素6份、亚铁氰化钾6份、乙醇15份；
制备方式为：将十八烷基甲基丙烯酸酯加入乙醇中浸泡1-8小时，然后送入搅拌机机充分搅拌，经过加热后加入邻苯二甲酸烷基酯、高碳烷、羧甲基纤维素、亚铁氰化钾，然后降温至室温，启动搅拌装置，60-200rpm/min，搅拌20min，后放置室温自然冷却后即得；
所述一种用于石油防爆剂的助剂的制备方式为，
Ⅰ将甘油硬脂酸酯、聚乙烯蜡、烷基苯磺酸钠、乙酰柠檬酸三乙酯、改性云母粉放入反应釜中，在55-65℃的温度下混合1个小时；
Ⅱ将其余的材料放入反应釜中，升温到85-95℃，继续反应1.5个小时；
Ⅲ将材料充分混合后静置30min，并于微波频率2450MHz、输出功率700W下微波回流处理5min，然后再加水搅拌制成固含量达到25-35％的溶液，所得混合液送入喷雾干燥机中干燥，制得20-40目的球形颗粒，并于100-110℃下烘干。
实施例3
一种用于石油防爆剂的助剂，其特征在于：包括以下重量份的材料制成，
甘油硬脂酸酯7份、聚乙烯蜡5份、烷基苯磺酸钠3份、乙酰柠檬酸三乙酯5份、改性云母粉11份、柠檬酸三钠3份、甲基环戊二烯三羰基锰6份、阻焦剂11份；
所述改性云母粉的制备方式为：将云母研磨且过300-400目筛，然后加入1，2-丙二醇二丙烯酸酯在常温下搅拌混合10min，然后升温至80-85℃保温研磨30min，再加水搅拌制成固含量达到25-35％的溶液，所得混合液送入喷雾干燥机中干燥，制得20-40目的球形颗粒，并于100-110℃下烘干；
所述1，2-丙二醇二丙烯酸与云母的质量比未1：4.1；
所述阻焦剂由以下重量份的材料制成，
十八烷基甲基丙烯酸酯4份、邻苯二甲酸烷基酯4份、高碳烷2份、羧甲基纤维素6份、亚铁氰化钾6份、乙醇15份；
制备方式为：将十八烷基甲基丙烯酸酯加入乙醇中浸泡1-8小时，然后送入搅拌机机充分搅拌，经过加热后加入邻苯二甲酸烷基酯、高碳烷、羧甲基纤维素、亚铁氰化钾，然后降温至室温，启动搅拌装置，60-200rpm/min，搅拌20min，后放置室温自然冷却后即得；
所述一种用于石油防爆剂的助剂的制备方式为，
Ⅰ将甘油硬脂酸酯、聚乙烯蜡、烷基苯磺酸钠、乙酰柠檬酸三乙酯、改性云母粉放入反应釜中，在55-65℃的温度下混合1个小时；
Ⅱ将其余的材料放入反应釜中，升温到85-95℃，继续反应1.5个小时；
Ⅲ将材料充分混合后静置30min，并于微波频率2450MHz、输出功率700W下微波回流处理5min，然后再加水搅拌制成固含量达到25-35％的溶液，所得混合液送入喷雾干燥机中干燥，制得20-40目的球形颗粒，并于100-110℃下烘干。
将实施例1和实施例2所制汽油抗爆剂的助剂分别进行试验考察，并与市场MMT抗爆剂为参考，检测结果如表1所示。
以上显示和描述了本发明的基本原理和主要特征和本发明的优点。本行业的技术人员应该了解，本发明不受上述实施例的限制，上述实施例和说明书中描述的只是说明本发明的原理，在不脱离本发明精神和范围的前提下，本发明还会有各种变化和改进，这些变化和改进都落入要求保护的本发明范围内。本发明要求保护范围由所附的权利要求书及其等效物界定。

Claims (4)

1.一种用于石油防爆剂的助剂，其特征在于：包括以下重量份的材料制成，
甘油硬脂酸酯5-10份、聚乙烯蜡2-7份、烷基苯磺酸钠1-5份、乙酰柠檬酸三乙酯2-9份、改性云母粉8-14份、柠檬酸三钠1-4份、甲基环戊二烯三羰基锰2-7份、阻焦剂8-14份。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种用于石油防爆剂的助剂，其特征在于：所述改性云母粉的制备方式为：将云母研磨且过300-400目筛，然后加入1，2-丙二醇二丙烯酸酯在常温下搅拌混合10min，然后升温至80-85℃保温研磨30min，再加水搅拌制成固含量达到25-35％的溶液，所得混合液送入喷雾干燥机中干燥，制得20-40目的球形颗粒，并于100-110℃下烘干。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种用于石油防爆剂的助剂，其特征在于：所述阻焦剂由以下重量份的材料制成，
十八烷基甲基丙烯酸酯4份、邻苯二甲酸烷基酯4份、高碳烷2份、羧甲基纤维素6份、亚铁氰化钾6份、乙醇15份。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种用于石油防爆剂的助剂，其特征在于：所述一种用于石油防爆剂的助剂的制备方式为，
Ⅰ将甘油硬脂酸酯、聚乙烯蜡、烷基苯磺酸钠、乙酰柠檬酸三乙酯、改性云母粉放入反应釜中，在55-65℃的温度下混合1个小时；
Ⅱ将其余的材料放入反应釜中，升温到85-95℃，继续反应1.5个小时；
Ⅲ将材料充分混合后静置30min，并于微波频率2450MHz、输出功率700W下微波回流处理5min，然后再加水搅拌制成固含量达到25-35％的溶液，所得混合液送入喷雾干燥机中干燥，制得20-40目的球形颗粒，并于100-110℃下烘干。
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CN109777530A (zh) * 2019-01-31 2019-05-21 中实投石化科技有限公司 一种柴油发动机尾气净化液
CN110184100A (zh) * 2019-06-12 2019-08-30 通辽市燊德新能源科技有限公司 一种民用醇基液体燃料添加剂
CN111635791A (zh) * 2020-05-27 2020-09-08 上海中太行之光能源有限公司 一种甲醇燃料用防爆剂及其制备方法

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