CN108395231A - 低膨胀耐热陶瓷板及其制作方法 - Google Patents

低膨胀耐热陶瓷板及其制作方法 Download PDF

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CN108395231A
CN108395231A CN201810076119.5A CN201810076119A CN108395231A CN 108395231 A CN108395231 A CN 108395231A CN 201810076119 A CN201810076119 A CN 201810076119A CN 108395231 A CN108395231 A CN 108395231A
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glaze
ceramic wafer
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魏金富
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Foshan Jun Mei Special Ceramics Co Ltd
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种低膨胀耐热陶瓷板及其制作方法，其中，制作板材所需的原料有：高岭土23‑28wt％、滑石3‑6wt％、堇青石23‑28wt％、铝矾土18‑21wt％、废坯回收料4‑6wt％、硼板匣钵废料18‑20％，制作釉料所需的原料有：透锂长石65‑70wt％、钾长石10‑13wt％、氧化锌5‑7wt％、高岭土4‑6wt％、烧滑石6‑7wt％、碳酸锂1‑3wt％，釉料涂覆在板材的表面，然后进行烧制和抛光，即得。本发明的有益之处在于：(1)通过改变釉料配方、加厚釉层并对釉层加以抛光，使得陶瓷板更美观、膨胀系数更小、耐热性能更好、不渗水，性能更接近微晶玻璃；(2)制作工艺相对简单，能实现机械化全自动加工，成本可控制，比微晶玻璃价格更低廉。

Description

低膨胀耐热陶瓷板及其制作方法
技术领域
本发明涉及陶瓷板及其制作方法，具体涉及低膨胀耐热陶瓷板及其制作方法，属于化学材料技术领域。
背景技术
目前，市面上的电磁炉面板大多数使用的是微晶玻璃板，也有少数使用的是耐热陶瓷板。
微晶玻璃板的优势在于膨胀系数小，耐热性能好，美观且不渗水，但微晶玻璃熔点高、相对较脆，无法实施机械化全自动抛光，只能由小型企业半机械化或纯手工加工，因此价格偏高。
耐热陶瓷板的制作方法是：在瓷质板面上简单的上釉。因此，耐热陶瓷板的膨胀系数相对略大，有吸水性，使用性能差，并且外观粗糙，但优点在于价格低廉。
耐热陶瓷板若能克服自身缺陷，并接近微晶玻璃板的性能，同时发挥自身廉价的优势，将会获得极大的市场空间。
发明内容
为解决现有技术的不足，本发明的目的在于提供一种膨胀系数小、耐热性能好、美观、不渗水、价格低廉的陶瓷板及其制作方法。
为了实现上述目标，本发明采用如下的技术方案：
低膨胀耐热陶瓷板的制作方法，其特征在于，包括以下步骤：
Step1：制板材
按配方称取制作板材所需的原料：高岭土23-28wt％、滑石3-6wt％、堇青石23-28wt％、铝矾土18-21wt％、废坯回收料4-6wt％、硼板匣钵废料18-20％，将这些原料混合搅拌，置于压机内压成方片；
Step2：制釉料
按配方称取制作釉料所需的原料：透锂长石65-70wt％、钾长石10-13wt％、氧化锌5-7wt％、高岭土4-6wt％、烧滑石6-7wt％、碳酸锂1-3wt％，将这些原料混合搅拌，然后加入适量水继续混合搅拌；
Step3：上釉和烧制
将釉料涂覆在板材的表面，然后在辊道窑中进行烧制；
Step4：抛光
对釉面进行抛光，即得。
前述的低膨胀耐热陶瓷板的制作方法，其特征在于，在Step1中，按以下配方称取制作板材所需的原料：
高岭土25wt％、滑石5wt％、堇青石25wt％、铝矾土20wt％、废坯回收料5wt％、硼板匣钵废料20％。
前述的低膨胀耐热陶瓷板的制作方法，其特征在于，在Step2中，前述方片的规格为：长250mm、宽250mm、厚6mm-10mm。
前述的低膨胀耐热陶瓷板的制作方法，其特征在于，在Step2中，按以下配方称取制作釉料所需的原料：
透锂长石70wt％、钾长石10wt％、氧化锌5wt％、高岭土5wt％、烧滑石7wt％、碳酸锂3wt％。
前述的低膨胀耐热陶瓷板的制作方法，其特征在于，在Step2中，所加水的量为制作釉料所需的原料的总质量的50％。
前述的低膨胀耐热陶瓷板的制作方法，其特征在于，在Step3中，每片方片上涂覆釉料70g-75g。
前述的低膨胀耐热陶瓷板的制作方法，其特征在于，在Step3中，烧制的温度为1280℃，烧制的时间为20min。
本发明的有益之处在于：
(1)通过改变釉料配方、加厚釉层并对釉层加以抛光，使得陶瓷板更美观、膨胀系数更小、耐热性能更好、不渗水，性能更接近微晶玻璃；
(2)制作工艺相对简单，能实现机械化全自动加工，成本可控制，比微晶玻璃价格更低廉。
具体实施方式
以下结合具体实施例对本发明作具体的介绍。
一、制板材
制作板材所需的原料：高岭土23-28wt％、滑石3-6wt％、堇青石23-28wt％、铝矾土18-21wt％、废坯回收料4-6wt％、硼板匣钵废料18-20％。
经试验验证，按照以下配方称取所制作得到的陶瓷板各项性能最佳：
高岭土25wt％、滑石5wt％、堇青石25wt％、铝矾土20wt％、废坯回收料5wt％、硼板匣钵废料20％。
本实施例即以该最佳配方进行试验和研究。
按最佳配方称取制作板材所需的原料：高岭土25wt％、滑石5wt％、堇青石25wt％、铝矾土20wt％、废坯回收料5wt％，然后将这些原料混合搅拌10min，再置于压机内压成方片，方片的规格为：长250mm、宽250mm、厚6mm-10mm。
二、制釉料
制作釉料所需的原料：透锂长石65-70wt％、钾长石10-13wt％、氧化锌5-7wt％、高岭土4-6wt％、烧滑石6-7wt％、碳酸锂1-3wt％。
经试验验证，按照以下配方称取所制作得到的陶瓷板各项性能最佳：
透锂长石70wt％、钾长石10wt％、氧化锌5wt％、高岭土5wt％、烧滑石7wt％、碳酸锂3wt％。
本实施例即以该最佳配方进行试验和研究。
按最佳配方称取制作釉料所需的原料：透锂长石70wt％、钾长石10wt％、氧化锌5wt％、高岭土5wt％、烧滑石7wt％、碳酸锂3wt％，然后将这些原料混合搅拌，再加入适量水继续混合搅拌，所加水的量为制作釉料所需的原料的总质量的50％。
在制作该釉料所需的原料中：钾长石和烧滑石用来降温，碳酸锂用来调节膨胀系数，透锂长石用来降温和调节膨胀系数，氧化锌用来降温和改善釉面铺展性能，高岭土用作悬浮剂和结合剂。
三、上釉和烧制
将釉料涂覆在方片的表面，每片方片上涂覆釉料70g-75g，然后在1280℃辊道窑中进行烧制，烧制的时间为20min。
我们对釉层进行了加厚设计，一方面釉面加厚，结晶变多，更接近微晶玻璃性能，另一方面便于抛光。
四、抛光
烧制结束后，对釉面进行抛光，即得本发明的陶瓷板。
不同于以往传统的陶瓷板，本发明在原陶瓷板的表面涂了一层厚度较大的釉，烧成后再进行釉面抛光，在温度不需要过于升高的情况下，做出了与微晶玻璃板性能相同的陶瓷膜。
五、外观、性能和成本测评
1、外观
抛光后的微晶玻璃和陶瓷板釉面都有镜面效果，视觉效果相同，易清洁。
2、强度
将5kg平底锅放置在陶瓷板的正上方，从距陶瓷板垂直距离30cm处掉落，板面未碎裂。
3、耐热性
微晶玻璃边缘温度与中心点可承受600℃左右温差，陶瓷板边缘温度与中心点温差可达450℃以上，所以1.5kw左右的电磁炉可使用陶瓷板，1.5kw以上的电磁炉暂时只能使用微晶玻璃。
4、膨胀系数
温度在150℃以下时，微晶玻璃的膨胀系数为负膨胀系数；温度在600℃以上时，微晶玻璃的膨胀系数最多不超过2×10-6。
温度在450℃以下时，陶瓷板的膨胀系数为2.5×10-6左右，由于自身强度较弱，破损温度较低。
5、渗水性
不渗水。
6、使用寿命
可长期使用。
7、成本
规格：长250mm、宽250mm、厚6mm，微晶玻璃的成本在20元左右，陶瓷板的成本在8元左右。
由此可见，采用本发明的方法制作得到的陶瓷板，其不仅釉面光滑易清洁，更美观，而且强度大、膨胀系数小、耐热性能好、不渗水，性能更接近微晶玻璃。
此外，由于本发明的制作工艺(与微晶玻璃的制作工艺相比)相对简单，能实现机械化全自动加工(抛光)，成本可控制，所以比微晶玻璃价格更低廉。
需要说明的是，上述实施例不以任何形式限制本发明，凡采用等同替换或等效变换的方式所获得的技术方案，均落在本发明的保护范围内。

Claims (8)

1.低膨胀耐热陶瓷板的制作方法，其特征在于，包括以下步骤：
Step1：制板材
按配方称取制作板材所需的原料：高岭土23-28wt％、滑石3-6wt％、堇青石23-28wt％、铝矾土18-21wt％、废坯回收料4-6wt％、硼板匣钵废料18-20％，将这些原料混合搅拌，置于压机内压成方片；
Step2：制釉料
按配方称取制作釉料所需的原料：透锂长石65-70wt％、钾长石10-13wt％、氧化锌5-7wt％、高岭土4-6wt％、烧滑石6-7wt％、碳酸锂1-3wt％，将这些原料混合搅拌，然后加入适量水继续混合搅拌；
Step3：上釉和烧制
将釉料涂覆在板材的表面，然后在辊道窑中进行烧制；
Step4：抛光
对釉面进行抛光，即得。
2.根据权利要求1所述的低膨胀耐热陶瓷板的制作方法，其特征在于，在Step1中，按以下配方称取制作板材所需的原料：
高岭土25wt％、滑石5wt％、堇青石25wt％、铝矾土20wt％、废坯回收料5wt％、硼板匣钵废料20％。
3.根据权利要求2所述的低膨胀耐热陶瓷板的制作方法，其特征在于，在Step2中，所述方片的规格为：长250mm、宽250mm、厚6mm-10mm。
4.根据权利要求3所述的低膨胀耐热陶瓷板的制作方法，其特征在于，在Step2中，按以下配方称取制作釉料所需的原料：
透锂长石70wt％、钾长石10wt％、氧化锌5wt％、高岭土5wt％、烧滑石7wt％、碳酸锂3wt％。
5.根据权利要求4所述的低膨胀耐热陶瓷板的制作方法，其特征在于，在Step2中，所加水的量为制作釉料所需的原料的总质量的50％。
6.根据权利要求5所述的低膨胀耐热陶瓷板的制作方法，其特征在于，在Step3中，每片方片上涂覆釉料70g-75g。
7.根据权利要求6所述的低膨胀耐热陶瓷板的制作方法，其特征在于，在Step3中，烧制的温度为1280℃，烧制的时间为20min。
8.由权利要求1至7任意一项所述方法制作得到的低膨胀耐热陶瓷板。
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