CN108385463A - A kind of filler brick being detained facility for biology - Google Patents
A kind of filler brick being detained facility for biology Download PDFInfo
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- CN108385463A CN108385463A CN201810070256.8A CN201810070256A CN108385463A CN 108385463 A CN108385463 A CN 108385463A CN 201810070256 A CN201810070256 A CN 201810070256A CN 108385463 A CN108385463 A CN 108385463A
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- Prior art keywords
- filler
- brick
- matrix
- biology
- polyurethane foam
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-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01C—CONSTRUCTION OF, OR SURFACES FOR, ROADS, SPORTS GROUNDS, OR THE LIKE; MACHINES OR AUXILIARY TOOLS FOR CONSTRUCTION OR REPAIR
- E01C5/00—Pavings made of prefabricated single units
- E01C5/22—Pavings made of prefabricated single units made of units composed of a mixture of materials covered by two or more of groups E01C5/008, E01C5/02 - E01C5/20 except embedded reinforcing materials
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/32—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the animals or plants used, e.g. algae
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/34—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the microorganisms used
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
- C04B28/02—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing hydraulic cements other than calcium sulfates
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B33/00—Clay-wares
- C04B33/02—Preparing or treating the raw materials individually or as batches
- C04B33/13—Compounding ingredients
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01C—CONSTRUCTION OF, OR SURFACES FOR, ROADS, SPORTS GROUNDS, OR THE LIKE; MACHINES OR AUXILIARY TOOLS FOR CONSTRUCTION OR REPAIR
- E01C11/00—Details of pavings
- E01C11/22—Gutters; Kerbs ; Surface drainage of streets, roads or like traffic areas
- E01C11/224—Surface drainage of streets
- E01C11/225—Paving specially adapted for through-the-surfacing drainage, e.g. perforated, porous; Preformed paving elements comprising, or adapted to form, passageways for carrying off drainage
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
- C02F2101/10—Inorganic compounds
- C02F2101/105—Phosphorus compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2103/00—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated
- C02F2103/001—Runoff or storm water
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/00241—Physical properties of the materials not provided for elsewhere in C04B2111/00
- C04B2111/00284—Materials permeable to liquids
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Microbiology (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
- Biotechnology (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Road Paving Structures (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of filler bricks being detained facility for biology, the filler brick includes that hollow top is equipped with the filler brick shell of opening, the filler being filled in the filler brick shell, the bottom plate of the filler brick shell is permeable bottom plate, and the filler contains following component：Filler matrix, hydrophilic polyurethane foam, the filler matrix are mixed by cattail matrix soil with fine sand.By adding hydrophilic polyurethane foam in the filler matrix of cattail matrix soil and fine sand composition, obtained filler filling filler brick shell is obtained into filler brick, the bottom plate of filler brick shell is permeable bottom plate, the close-packed arrays filler brick in packing layer, the effective drainage porosity of packing layer will be effectively improved, the filtration characteristic for improving packing layer, effectively prevent packing layer to block, and so that biology is detained facility and is less likely to occur to block.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to sponge urban rainwater processing technology fields, being detained facility for biology more particularly, to one kind
Filler brick.
Background technology
It is a kind of emerging low influence exploitation runoff rainwater control facility in situ that biology, which is detained facility, has good runoff dirty
Contaminate control effect, runoff volume cuts down achievement and peak flow control effect and economic and practical, can be widely applied to urban afforestation.
But due to randomness and complexity that Runoff, water change, existing biology is detained facility to pollutant in runoff rainwater
Removal rate fluctuation range is larger, not satisfactory to nitrogen, the removal effect of phosphorus in runoff, and filler soil is easy to happen blocking, diafiltration
Effect declines, and constrains the usage time of the facility, just needs soil removal and replacement using the very short time.There is an urgent need for reinforce the performance to filler
Research, design percolation effect is good, be less likely to occur block biology be detained facility.
Invention content
The present invention is the defect overcome described in the above-mentioned prior art, provides a kind of filler brick being detained facility for biology.
In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is：
A kind of filler brick being detained facility for biology, the filler brick include the filler brick that hollow top is equipped with opening
The bottom plate of shell, the filler being filled in the filler brick shell, the filler brick shell is permeable bottom plate, and the filler contains
Following component：Filler matrix, hydrophilic polyurethane foam, the filler matrix are mixed by cattail matrix soil with fine sand.
Biological delaying basin generally comprises packing layer, and filler brick can be positioned over close-packed arrays in packing layer.
In this field, cattail matrix soil is generally cattail clast and is mixed with soil, and cattail is generally cut into long 3cm
The fine strip shape of × wide 1cm, with soil by weight 3:2 are uniformly mixed, and the porosity of the soil is generally 35% ± 5%；Cattail
When matrix soil is mixed with fine sand as filler matrix, the weight ratio of cattail matrix soil and fine sand is generally 2:1, this field skill
Art personnel can reasonably be adjusted on this basis.Cattail matrix soil is detained in facility in biology in use, with de-
The ability of nitrogen dephosphorization.
Hydrophilic polyurethane foam is generally soft polyurethane foam, and the density of hydrophilic polyurethane foam is generally 25~45kg/m3,
The aperture of the hydrophilic polyurethane foam is generally 1.0~100 μm, and hydrophilic polyurethane foam has light, porous, specific surface area
Greatly, the strong and corrosion resistant feature of hydrophily has good water penetration, and filtration characteristic is excellent, effectively improves effective hole of filler
Gap rate improves the filtration characteristic of filler, and hydrophilic polyurethane foam is conducive to keep packing layer oxygen-enriched, and hydrophilic polyurethane foam
The adherency and growth for being conducive to microorganism are strengthened the denitrogenation dephosphorizing ability of packing layer by the effect of microorganism, can effectively reduced
Rainwater COD；
Filler matrix is mixed with the particle of polyurethane foam, is then filled in filler brick shell and obtains filler brick, pass through
The supporting role of filler brick shell so that hydrophilic polyurethane foam can be fully extended, and prevent from leading to hydrophilic poly- ammonia due to pressure
The volume of the particle of ester foam is substantially compressed, and to be conducive to improve the effective drainage porosity of filler, enhances diafiltration ability, and advantageous
In the adherency and growth of microorganism；The top of filler brick shell is equipped with opening, and the bottom plate of filler shell is permeable bottom plate, by filler
When brick is placed in packing layer close-packed arrays, the water of upper layer filler brick can penetrate into the filler brick of lower layer.
Hydrophilic polyurethane foam is mixed in filler matrix, is then added in filler brick shell, the filler brick that will be obtained
It is arranged closely in packing layer, effectively improves the effective drainage porosity of packing layer, it is effectively anti-so as to improve the filtration characteristic of packing layer
Only packing layer blocks, and the rainwater for improving biology delay facility is percolated ability, the blocking probability that biology is detained facility is reduced, makes life
Object is detained facility and is less likely to occur to block, and can improve biology and be detained facility denitrogenation dephosphorizing ability.
Preferably, it is described biology be detained facility be followed successively by from top to bottom plant soil layer, the first permeable geotextile layer, packing layer and
Drainage blanket, surrounding and bottom are equipped with geotextiles, and described filler layer is formed by filler brick close-packed arrays.
It is detained the surrounding of facility in biology and bottom is laid with geotextiles, original soil invasion around can be prevented, which can
To be permeable geotextiles.
Rainwater before this in top layer, plant and soil through planting soil layer tentatively filter, absorb after, penetrate into packing layer,
It further filters, absorb in packing layer, into drainage blanket.When bottom is permeable geotextiles, rainwater enters energy after drainage blanket
Enough it is discharged through permeable geotextiles.
Preferably, the volume of the particle of the hydrophilic polyurethane foam is 0.1~1.0cm3, the hydrophilic polyurethane foam
Weight ratio with the filler matrix is 0.3%~1.2%.
It is 0.1~1.0cm that volume, which is made, in hydrophilic polyurethane foam3Particle, the materials such as hydrophilic polyurethane foam and soil
Material can be sufficiently mixed uniformly, and particle volume is excessive to be unfavorable for mixing, evenly dispersed hydrophilic polyurethane foam；Hdyrophilic polyurethane steeps
The weight ratio of foam and the filler matrix is 0.3%~1.2% so that biology is detained facility and obtains suitable infiltration rate, such as
Fruit hydrophilic polyurethane foam dosage is too small, then effective drainage porosity improve it is less, anti-clogging ability is not good enough, infiltration rate improve compared with
It is few；If hydrophilic polyurethane foam dosage is excessive, effective drainage porosity is excessive, may make rain penetration excessive velocities and lead to rain
Pollutant in water has little time by packing layer absorption, decomposes.
It is highly preferred that the volume of the particle of the hydrophilic polyurethane foam is 0.4~0.8cm3, the Hdyrophilic polyurethane bubble
The weight ratio of foam and the filler matrix is 0.6%~0.8%.
By controlling the volume and usage amount of hydrophilic polyurethane foam, the volume of hydrophilic polyurethane foam is 0.4~
0.8cm3, when the weight ratio of hydrophilic polyurethane foam and filler matrix is 0.6%~0.8%, ensureing that biology is detained facility tool
On the basis of having suitable effective drainage porosity and anti-clogging ability, further obtains preferably absorption, decomposes rain water pollutant
Ability.
Preferably, the filler brick shell is surrounded by several openings.
Preferably, the permeable bottom plate of the filler brick shell is prepared by the raw material calculated by weight as follows：Fine coal
40~45 parts of ash, 20~23 parts of common stone, 15~18 parts of slag, 10~15 parts of haydite, 12~15 parts of waterglass, quartz sand 10
~12 parts.
Preferably, the surrounding of the filler brick shell is made of pervious concrete.
Filler brick shell may be used following method and be prepared：
S1. prepare permeable bottom plate, raw material plus water be mixed into pug, the moisture content of pug be 15wt%~
18wt%；It by the dry-pressing formed slab for obtaining that there is permeable base plate configuration of pug, is then dried, dry temperature is 105
~108 DEG C, moisture content is less than or equal to 6wt% after slab drying；Then slab is sintered, the condition of sintering is：Heating speed
Rate is 3.5~4.0 DEG C/min, is warming up to 1025-1150 DEG C and cools down after keeping the temperature 2.5~3.0h, permeable bottom plate is prepared；
S2. model is built on permeable bottom plate, pervious concrete is filled in model, filler brick shell is obtained after dry,
The surrounding of the filler brick shell is prepared using pervious concrete, the upper opening of the filler brick shell, and permeable bottom plate is saturating
Water coagulation soil is fixed on bottom.
Preferably, the filler also contains iron powder, and the weight ratio of the iron powder and the filler matrix is 2%~4%.Iron
Powder can promote the removal of phosphorus in rainwater, by mixing addition iron powder in filler so that biology is detained facility acquisition and removes for a long time
The ability of phosphorus, to further increase the ability that biology is detained facility dephosphorization.
Preferably, the thickness of described filler layer is 700~900mm.
Preferably, it further includes overflow pipe that the biology, which is detained facility, the upper end of the overflow pipe be higher by plant soil layer 10~
The lower end of 100cm, the overflow pipe are connected to city planting ductwork.When meeting with heavy rain, biology is detained the rainwater that facility has little time processing,
City planting ductwork is then flowed by overflow pipe, biology is avoided to be detained the plant of facility by water submerged.
Preferably, the plant soil layer includes coating and soil horizon.The coating for planting soil layer is generally bark, leaf, covers
It is soil horizon under cap rock.Biology is detained the planting in facility in soil horizon, and when rainwater enters biology delay facility, meeting is native
Earth and plant tentatively filter, absorb, and are further processed later into packing layer.
Preferably, the plant the thickness of the layer is 100~200mm.
Preferably, the drainage blanket is gravel layer.The grain size of gravel is generally 0.5~3.0cm, packing layer can be made to filter
Rainwater afterwards is quickly drained.
Preferably, the thickness of the drainage blanket is 200~300mm.
The geotextiles can be permeable geotextiles.
Compared with prior art, the beneficial effects of the invention are as follows：
The present invention is obtained by adding hydrophilic polyurethane foam in the filler matrix that cattail matrix soil is formed with fine sand
Then filler is added in hollow filler brick shell and obtains filler brick by filler, filler brick close-packed arrays are placed in packing layer,
The effective drainage porosity for effectively improving packing layer improves the filtration characteristic of packing layer, packing layer is effectively prevent to block, and will improve biology
The rainwater for being detained facility is percolated ability, so that biology is detained facility and is less likely to occur to block；
And the peculiar more porous structure of hydrophilic polyurethane foam described in this patent, be conducive to the growth of root system of plant,
In plant and porous structure under the synergistic effect of microorganism, it is would be even more beneficial to being detained the polluters such as COD, N, P in facility
Degradation and absorption.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram for being detained facility using the biology of the filler brick of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram for the filler brick shell that embodiment uses.
Fig. 3 is the upward view for the filler brick shell that embodiment uses.In figure 71 be filler brick shell peripheral portion；In figure
72 be the permeable bottom plate of filler brick shell.
Specific implementation mode
The present invention is further illustrated With reference to embodiment.
1. the cattail matrix soil used in the present invention may be used method commonly used in the art and be prepared.Embodiment
In cattail matrix soil using following preparation method：Cattail is cut into the fine strip shape of long 3cm × wide 1cm, by weight with soil
Than 3:2 are uniformly mixed, and the porosity of the soil is 35% ± 5%.Fine sand uses commercially available common fine sand.Cattail matrix soil and
The weight ratio of fine sand is 2:1, cattail matrix soil and fine sand mixing form filler matrix.
2. filler brick, the filler brick shell that filler brick uses in embodiment is that top is equipped with opening, and bottom is permeable bottom plate,
To get to filler brick, filler is mixed filling filler by filler matrix and hydrophilic polyurethane foam in the filler brick shell；
The preparation of filler brick shell：
S1. permeable bottom plate is prepared, raw material plus water are mixed into pug, the moisture content of pug is 15wt%；By pug
It is put into the dry-pressing formed slab for obtaining that there is permeable base plate configuration in dry-pressing formed machine, the pressure of dry-pressing formed machine is 28MPa, so
After be put into drying box and be dried, dry temperature is 108 DEG C, and moisture content is 5wt% after slab drying；Then by slab into
Row sintering is down to room temperature to 1130 DEG C and after keeping the temperature 3h with the speed of 3.8 DEG C/min heating speed when sintering, permeable bottom is prepared
Plate；
S2. collapsible die assembly is built on permeable bottom plate, fills pervious concrete in mold, each ingredient in pervious concrete
Weight ratio be coarse aggregate：Cement：Reinforcing fiber：Water=10:5:3:2, filler brick shell is obtained after dry solidification, the filler brick
The surrounding of shell is prepared using pervious concrete, and the open upper end of the filler brick shell, surrounding is closed, and permeable bottom plate is saturating
Water coagulation soil is fixed on bottom, filler brick shell is prepared, as shown in Figure 2.
The size of the filler brick used in embodiment is long 20cm × wide 10cm × high 5cm.
3. hydrophilic polyurethane foam
Hdyrophilic polyurethane can also be prepared via a method which to obtain by being commercially available：
In following steps, under conditions of not being specifically noted, control material temperature is 25 DEG C, and mixing speed is
1500rpm；
S1. 0.1g triethanolamines are dissolved in 0.2g deionized waters in 25mL beakers (1#) and 10g trihydroxies polyethers (divides
Son amount 2000~4000) in；
S2. 25g trihydroxies polyethers, 10g toluene di-isocyanate(TDI)s and 0.1g February are sequentially added in 50mL beakers (2#)
Dilaurylate stirs evenly 60s, can be observed have reaction heat releasing；
S3. 0.1~0.2g silicone oil is then added in 1# beakers, 2# beakers are poured into after stirring evenly, are stirred evenly, when anti-
After answering mixture retrogradation, stirring stops, and mixture is smoothly transferred to rapidly foam box (self-control:20cm×20cm×25cm)
In；
S4. it places at room temperature after ten minutes, foam box is placed in baking oven and is cured；Foaming cannot be shaken before this
In case, especially foam uphill process；Foam is placed in 100 DEG C of baking oven and cures 0.5h, obtains hydrophilic polyurethane foam, cuts
Be cut into volume be 0.1,0.4,0.8,1.0cm3Particle.
The density of the hydrophilic polyurethane foam prepared using the above method is 25~45kg/m3, the hydrophilic polyurethane foam
Aperture be 1.0~100 μm.
4. being detained the structure of facility using the biology of the filler brick of the present invention
Packing layer is filled using embodiment 1~11 and 1~3 filler brick of comparative example, corresponding biology is obtained and is detained facility,
The corresponding biological facility that is detained of each embodiment only has packing layer to have differences, other are consistent；Biology is detained the knot of facility
Structure is as follows：
A kind of biology delay facility, as shown in Figure 1, the biology is detained facility is followed successively by plant soil layer 1, first thoroughly from top to bottom
Water geotextiles 2, packing layer 3 and drainage blanket 4, the surrounding which is detained facility are laid with anti-seepage geotextile 5, which is detained facility
Bottom be laid with permeable geotextiles 5, biology delay facility further includes overflow pipe 6, and the upper end 61 of overflow pipe 6 is higher by plant soil layer
The lower end 62 of 20cm, overflow pipe 6 are connected to city planting ductwork；
Drainage blanket 4 is gravel layer 4, and the thickness of gravel layer 4 is 250mm, and the grain size of gravel is 0.5~3.0cm；
The thickness of packing layer 3 is 800mm, and packing layer is formed using filler brick close-packed arrays；
It includes coating and soil horizon to plant soil layer 1, and coating is bark, leaf, is soil horizon, planting under coating
In soil horizon, plant the thickness of the layer is 200mm.Biology is detained a length of 100m, width 1.5m of facility.
5. the method for measuring effective drainage porosity
Effective drainage porosity refers to the outer of total volume and the porous media in the micro-pore being interconnected in porous media
The ratio of surface volume.
(1) sample preparatory phase
1. bulk density sample：It is the sample of 50mm or so to take size；
2. density sample：1000g or so sample is selected, surface is cleaned up, and is crushed to particle and is less than 5mm, with four
Powder sample is fitted into measuring cup, is put into 150g, then with porcelain mortar grind into powder and by 200 mesh standard sieves by point-score division
Dry 4h or more in (105 ± 2) DEG C baking oven, take out it is slightly cold after, be put into drier and be cooled to room temperature.
(2) bulk density measures
It is put into (105 ± 2) DEG C baking oven dry 2h 1. sample is cleaned up with brush, is taken out, is cooled to room temperature, claims it
Quality (m0), it is accurate to 0.02g；
2. sample is put into the distilled water of room temperature, is taken out after impregnating 48h, surface moisture is wiped with the wet towel wrung out,
And quality (m is weighed immediately1), it is accurate to 0.02g；Then sample is hung in mesh basket, mesh basket and sample is immersed to the steaming of room temperature
In distilled water, its quality (m in water is weighed2), it is accurate to 0.02g.
(3) density measurement
Weigh three parts of sample, every part of 50g (m '0), sample is respectively charged into clean density bottle, and pour into distilled water.
The distilled water poured into is no more than the half of density bottle volume, and density bottle is put into distilled water and is boiled 10~15 minutes, sample is made
Middle removal of bubbles, or density bottle is placed in vacuum desiccator and excludes bubble.After removal of bubbles, density bottle is dried, is cooled to room
Temperature is filled to mark with distilled water, weighs quality (m '2).Density bottle is rinsed well again, is filled to label with distilled water
Place, and claim quality (m '1), m '0、m′1、m′2, it is accurate to 0.002g.
(4) experimental analysis and calculating
1. bulk density：Bulk density ρb(g/cm3) be calculated as follows：
ρb=ρw×m0/(m1-m2)
M in formula0--- dry sample is in the quality of air, g
m1--- the aerial quality of water saturation sample, g
m2--- the quality of water saturation sample in water, g
ρw--- the density of room temperature water, g/cm when experiment3
2. density pt(g/cm3) be calculated as follows：
ρt=ρw×m0/(m1+m0-m2)
M in formula0--- dry powder sample is in the quality of air, g
m1--- the only quality of the density bottle of dress distilled water, g
m2--- dress powder sample adds the density bottle quality of water, g
ρw--- the density of room temperature water, g/cm when experiment3
3. porosity：According to the bulk density and density for measuring gained, porosity ρa(%) is calculated as follows
ρa=(1- ρb/ρt) × 100%
ρ in formulab--- the bulk density of sample, g/cm3
ρt--- the density of sample, g/cm3
6. the assay method of rainwater treatment effect
It takes surface rain, biology to be detained the drainage blanket rainwater of facility respectively, measures the content of ammonia nitrogen, total nitrogen, total phosphorus, then
Calculate ammonia nitrogen removal frank, nitrogen removal rate, total tp removal rate；Assay method is as shown in table 1.
After biology delay facility builds up 30 days, after having rained, it is measured.
Table 1
| Location parameter | Assay method | Standard |
| Ammonia nitrogen NH4 +-N | Berthelot spectrophotometry | HJ535-2009 |
| Total nitrogen TN | Potassium persulfate oxidation | GB11894-89 |
| Total phosphorus TP | Molybdenum-antimony anti-spectrophotometric method | GB11893-89 |
7. long-term filtration characteristic monitoring
Test method is：Before test, first it is detained in facility toward biology plus water, the water surface is unlikely to cover overflow port, work as biology
When being detained the infiltration rate stabilization of facility, the facility of biology delay at this time is in saturation state；A part of water is then taken out, biology is made
The supratectal water depth for being detained facility is 5cm, then starts timing, and the supratectal water for recording biology delay facility disappears
The time of mistake；Time is shorter, and infiltration rate is faster.
It is changed with time by monitoring infiltration rate, compares the anti-clogging ability that the different biology of filler is detained facility.
In order to reduce influence of the moisture evaporation to test result, in test, the top that biology is detained facility is covered using film.
Embodiment 1
In filler in the filler brick of the present embodiment, the volume of hydrophilic polyurethane foam particle is 0.1cm3, hydrophilic poly- ammonia
The weight ratio of ester foam beads and filler matrix is 0.3%.
Embodiment 2
In filler in the filler brick of the present embodiment, the volume of hydrophilic polyurethane foam particle is 0.1cm3, hydrophilic poly- ammonia
The weight ratio of ester foam beads and filler matrix is 0.6%.
Embodiment 3
In filler in the filler brick of the present embodiment, the volume of hydrophilic polyurethane foam particle is 0.1cm3, hydrophilic poly- ammonia
The weight ratio of ester foam beads and filler matrix is 1.2%.
Embodiment 4
In filler in the filler brick of the present embodiment, the volume of hydrophilic polyurethane foam particle is 0.4cm3, hydrophilic poly- ammonia
The weight ratio of ester foam beads and filler matrix is 0.6%.
Embodiment 5
In filler in the filler brick of the present embodiment, the volume of hydrophilic polyurethane foam particle is 0.4cm3, hydrophilic poly- ammonia
The weight ratio of ester foam beads and filler matrix is 0.8%.
Embodiment 6
In filler in the filler brick of the present embodiment, the volume of hydrophilic polyurethane foam particle is 0.8cm3, hydrophilic poly- ammonia
The weight ratio of ester foam beads and filler matrix is 0.3%.
Embodiment 7
In filler in the filler brick of the present embodiment, the volume of hydrophilic polyurethane foam particle is 0.8m3, Hdyrophilic polyurethane
The weight ratio of foam beads and filler matrix is 0.6%.
Embodiment 8
In filler in the filler brick of the present embodiment, the volume of hydrophilic polyurethane foam particle is 0.8cm3, hydrophilic poly- ammonia
The weight ratio of ester foam beads and filler matrix is 0.8%.
Embodiment 9
In filler in the filler brick of the present embodiment, the volume of hydrophilic polyurethane foam particle is 1.0cm3, hydrophilic poly- ammonia
The weight ratio of ester foam beads and filler matrix is 0.3%.
Embodiment 10
In filler in the filler brick of the present embodiment, the volume of hydrophilic polyurethane foam particle is 1.0cm3, hydrophilic poly- ammonia
The weight ratio of ester foam beads and filler matrix is 1.2%.
Embodiment 11
The present embodiment and embodiment 4 also contain iron powder difference lies in, the filler in filler brick, iron powder and filler matrix
Weight ratio is 3%.
Comparative example 1
Difference lies in do not use filler brick, use filling out without containing hydrophilic polyurethane foam this comparative example with embodiment 4
Material；It is that packing layer 3 is directly added into filler matrix that corresponding biology, which is detained facility, does not contain hydrophilic polyurethane foam.
Comparative example 2
Difference lies in the filler in filler brick only has filler matrix to this comparative example, without Hdyrophilic polyurethane with embodiment 4
Foam.
Comparative example 3
Difference lies in do not use filler brick, use filling out containing hydrophilic polyurethane foam this comparative example with embodiment 4
Material；The packing layer 3 that biology is detained facility is directly added into filler, does not use filler brick；In packing layer hydrophilic polyurethane foam by
In pressure in the presence of that can be extruded, so when test effective drainage porosity, extruding degree when should refer to use suitably is tamped.
Performance test：
The raw material usage amount for the filler that embodiment 1~11 and comparative example 1~3 use is as shown in table 2；
Filler effective drainage porosity and corresponding biology that embodiment 1~11 and comparative example 1~3 use are detained the property of facility
It can test as shown in table 3；
The long-term filtration characteristic monitoring that embodiment 4 and 1 corresponding biology of comparative example are detained facility is as shown in table 4.
Table 2
Table 3
Table 4
| Test serial number | Test period | Embodiment 4 | Comparative example 1 |
| 1 | Initially | 0.7h | 2.0h |
| 2 | Every 1 week | 0.7h | 2.1h |
| 3 | Every 1 week | 0.8h | 2.4h |
| 4 | Every 1 week | 0.8h | 2.8h |
| 5 | Every January | 1.0h | 3.5h |
| 6 | Every January | 1.1h | 4.3h |
| 7 | Every January | 1.1h | 4.9h |
| 8 | Every January | 1.2h | 5.6h |
| 9 | Every January | 1.3h | 6.0h |
| 10 | Every March | 1.5h | 6.9h |
| 11 | Every March | 1.8h | 7.4h |
According to table 2 and table 3, compared with comparative example 1, the filler that the filler brick of the embodiment of the present invention 1~11 uses is apparent
With higher effective drainage porosity, filler is filled into filler brick shell and obtains filler brick, has good filtration characteristic by obtaining
Filler brick.The close-packed arrays filler brick in the packing layer that biology is detained facility so that the filtration characteristic of packing layer is improved, and is prevented
Only packing layer blocks, to effectively improve the anti-clogging ability that biology is detained facility.Moreover, in long-term experiment the result shows that, such as
Shown in table 4,4 corresponding biology of embodiment is detained facility can keep good filtration characteristic in 1 year, and comparative example 1 corresponds to
Biology be detained facility then filtration characteristic is decreased obviously after 3 months.The filler used in the filler brick of comparative example 2 is without containing parent
Water polyurethane foam, 3 corresponding biology of comparative example are detained facility and filler, embodiment 4 and comparison are then directly added in packing layer
Example 2 is compared with comparative example 3, and embodiment 4 has the effective drainage porosity of bigger, and filtration characteristic is more preferable, and biology will be made to be detained facility
With better anti-clogging ability.
Moreover, the corresponding biology of the embodiment of the present invention 1~11 is detained facility also have ammonia nitrogen in excellent processing rainwater,
The ability of total nitrogen, total phosphorus, it is bright that 1~11 corresponding biology of embodiment is detained ammonia nitrogen, total nitrogen, the effect of total phosphorus in facility processing rainwater
It is aobvious to be better than comparative example 1.Wherein, embodiment 4,5,7,8 corresponding biologies are detained ammonia nitrogen, total nitrogen, total phosphorus in facilities processing rainwater
Effect be better than other embodiment, meanwhile, embodiment 4,5,7,8 have moderate porosity, ensure that certain filtration characteristic and
Anti-clogging ability.
For embodiment 11 relative to embodiment 4, the filler in filler brick is also added with iron powder, can assign biology and be detained facility
The ability of long-term dephosphorization.In table 3,11 corresponding biology of embodiment is detained the dephosphorization ability biology corresponding with embodiment 4 of facility
It is detained facility to be not much different, is because filler brick to give birth to made from the filler of filler matrix and hydrophilic polyurethane foam composition
Object, which is detained facility itself, has excellent dephosphorization ability, and in a short time, biology, which is detained facility, can also keep excellent dephosphorization ability.
Obviously, the above embodiment of the present invention be only to clearly illustrate example of the present invention, and not be pair
The restriction of embodiments of the present invention.For those of ordinary skill in the art, may be used also on the basis of the above description
To make other variations or changes in different ways.There is no necessity and possibility to exhaust all the enbodiments.It is all this
All any modification, equivalent and improvement etc., should be included in the claims in the present invention made by within the spirit and principle of invention
Protection domain within.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of filler brick being detained facility for biology, which is characterized in that the filler brick includes that hollow top is equipped with and opens
The bottom plate of the filler brick shell of mouth, the filler being filled in the filler brick shell, the filler brick shell is permeable bottom plate, institute
It states filler and contains following component：Filler matrix, hydrophilic polyurethane foam, the filler matrix are mixed by cattail matrix soil with fine sand
It closes.
2. filler brick according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the volume of the particle of the hydrophilic polyurethane foam is
0.1~1.0cm3, the weight ratio of the hydrophilic polyurethane foam and the filler matrix is 0.3% ~ 1.2%.
3. filler brick according to claim 2, which is characterized in that the volume of the particle of the hydrophilic polyurethane foam is
0.4~0.8cm3, the weight ratio of the hydrophilic polyurethane foam and the filler matrix is 0.6% ~ 0.8%.
4. filler brick according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the filler brick shell is surrounded by several and opens
Mouthful.
5. filler brick according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the permeable bottom plate of the filler brick shell by pressing weight as follows
The raw material that amount part calculates is prepared：40 ~ 45 parts of flyash, 20 ~ 23 parts of common stone, 15 ~ 18 parts of slag, 10 ~ 15 parts of haydite,
12 ~ 15 parts of waterglass, 10 ~ 12 parts of quartz sand.
6. filler brick according to claim 1 or 5, which is characterized in that the surrounding of the filler brick shell is using permeable mixed
Solidifying soil is made.
7. according to claim 1 ~ 3 any one of them filler brick, which is characterized in that the filler also contains iron powder, the iron
The weight ratio of powder and the filler matrix is 2% ~ 4%.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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Application publication date: 20180810 |