CN108558021A - A kind of filler for biological delaying basin - Google Patents
A kind of filler for biological delaying basin Download PDFInfo
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- CN108558021A CN108558021A CN201810069725.4A CN201810069725A CN108558021A CN 108558021 A CN108558021 A CN 108558021A CN 201810069725 A CN201810069725 A CN 201810069725A CN 108558021 A CN108558021 A CN 108558021A
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- Prior art keywords
- ceramic particle
- filler
- biological
- biological ceramic
- polyurethane
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- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 83
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 95
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 89
- 229920002635 polyurethane Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 65
- 239000004814 polyurethane Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 65
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 54
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 48
- 241000233948 Typha Species 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 229920005830 Polyurethane Foam Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 239000011496 polyurethane foam Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- BVPWJMCABCPUQY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-amino-5-chloro-2-methoxy-N-[1-(phenylmethyl)-4-piperidinyl]benzamide Chemical compound COC1=CC(N)=C(Cl)C=C1C(=O)NC1CCN(CC=2C=CC=CC=2)CC1 BVPWJMCABCPUQY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 abstract description 32
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 abstract description 12
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 23
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 16
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 13
- 239000004746 geotextile Substances 0.000 description 12
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 11
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 9
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 239000012153 distilled water Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 description 8
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 8
- XKMRRTOUMJRJIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonia nh3 Chemical compound N.N XKMRRTOUMJRJIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000008595 infiltration Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000001764 infiltration Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 description 5
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000010802 sludge Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 4
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000003556 assay Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000011026 diafiltration Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010881 fly ash Substances 0.000 description 2
- RBTARNINKXHZNM-UHFFFAOYSA-K iron trichloride Chemical compound Cl[Fe](Cl)Cl RBTARNINKXHZNM-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 2
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 description 2
- 229920000570 polyether Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920006327 polystyrene foam Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002798 spectrophotometry method Methods 0.000 description 2
- VZSRBBMJRBPUNF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2,3-dihydro-1H-inden-2-ylamino)-N-[3-oxo-3-(2,4,6,7-tetrahydrotriazolo[4,5-c]pyridin-5-yl)propyl]pyrimidine-5-carboxamide Chemical compound C1C(CC2=CC=CC=C12)NC1=NC=C(C=N1)C(=O)NCCC(N1CC2=C(CC1)NN=N2)=O VZSRBBMJRBPUNF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JOYRKODLDBILNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl urethane Chemical compound CCOC(N)=O JOYRKODLDBILNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GSEJCLTVZPLZKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Triethanolamine Chemical class OCCN(CCO)CCO GSEJCLTVZPLZKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WYWFMUBFNXLFJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Mo].[Sb] Chemical compound [Mo].[Sb] WYWFMUBFNXLFJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001739 density measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005187 foaming Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009545 invasion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012948 isocyanate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004570 mortar (masonry) Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005325 percolation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011056 performance test Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052573 porcelain Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- USHAGKDGDHPEEY-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium persulfate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-]S(=O)(=O)OOS([O-])(=O)=O USHAGKDGDHPEEY-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920002545 silicone oil Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000010025 steaming Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002195 synergetic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003643 water by type Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003403 water pollutant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000010148 water-pollination Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/34—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the microorganisms used
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/30—Aerobic and anaerobic processes
- C02F3/308—Biological phosphorus removal
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/32—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the animals or plants used, e.g. algae
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2103/00—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated
- C02F2103/001—Runoff or storm water
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2203/00—Apparatus and plants for the biological treatment of water, waste water or sewage
- C02F2203/006—Apparatus and plants for the biological treatment of water, waste water or sewage details of construction, e.g. specially adapted seals, modules, connections
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2209/00—Controlling or monitoring parameters in water treatment
- C02F2209/08—Chemical Oxygen Demand [COD]; Biological Oxygen Demand [BOD]
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2209/00—Controlling or monitoring parameters in water treatment
- C02F2209/14—NH3-N
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2209/00—Controlling or monitoring parameters in water treatment
- C02F2209/16—Total nitrogen (tkN-N)
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Microbiology (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Biotechnology (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Biological Treatment Of Waste Water (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of fillers for biological delaying basin, contain following component：Filler matrix, polyurethane biological ceramic particle, the filler matrix is mixed by cattail matrix soil with fine sand, the polyurethane biological ceramic particle includes hollow biological ceramic particle shell, the hydrophilic polyurethane foam being filled in the biological ceramic particle shell, and the biological ceramic particle shell is equipped at least part of opening that can expose the hydrophilic polyurethane foam.By adding polyurethane biological ceramic particle in the filler matrix of cattail matrix soil and fine sand composition, effectively improve the effective drainage porosity of packing layer, improve the filtration characteristic of packing layer, it effectively prevent packing layer to block, the rainwater for improving biological delaying basin is percolated ability, biological delaying basin is made to be less likely to occur to block.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to sponge urban rainwater processing technology field, more particularly, to a kind of for biological delaying basin
Filler.
Background technology
It is a kind of emerging low influence exploitation runoff rainwater control facility in situ that biology, which is detained facility, has good runoff dirty
Contaminate control effect, runoff volume cuts down achievement and peak flow control effect and economic and practical, can be widely applied to urban afforestation.
But due to randomness and complexity that Runoff, water change, existing biology is detained facility to pollutant in runoff rainwater
Removal rate fluctuation range is larger, not satisfactory to nitrogen, the removal effect of phosphorus in runoff, and filler soil is easy to happen blocking, diafiltration
Effect declines, and constrains the usage time of the facility, just needs soil removal and replacement using the very short time.There is an urgent need for reinforce the performance to filler
Research, design percolation effect is good, be less likely to occur block biology be detained facility.
Invention content
The present invention is the defect overcome described in the above-mentioned prior art, provides a kind of filler for biological delaying basin.
In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is：
A kind of filler for biological delaying basin contains following component：Filler matrix, polyurethane biological ceramic particle, it is described to fill out
Material matrix is mixed by cattail matrix soil with fine sand, and the polyurethane biological ceramic particle includes hollow biological ceramic particle shell, fills out
The hydrophilic polyurethane foam in the biological ceramic particle shell is filled, the biological ceramic particle shell, which is equipped with, can expose the Hdyrophilic polyurethane
At least part of opening of foam.
Biological delaying basin generally comprises packing layer, and filler is filled in packing layer.
In this field, cattail matrix soil is generally cattail clast and is mixed with soil, and cattail is generally cut into long 3cm
The fine strip shape of × wide 1cm, with soil by weight 3:2 are uniformly mixed, and the porosity of the soil is generally 35% ± 5%；Cattail
When matrix soil is mixed with fine sand as filler matrix, the weight ratio of cattail matrix soil and fine sand is generally 2:1, this field skill
Art personnel can reasonably be adjusted on this basis.Cattail matrix soil is in biological delaying basin in use, having denitrogenation
The ability of dephosphorization.
Polyurethane biological ceramic particle includes biological ceramic particle shell and hydrophilic polyurethane foam, and hydrophilic polyurethane foam is generally poly- ammonia
The soft bubble of ester, the density of hydrophilic polyurethane foam are generally 25~45kg/m3, the aperture of the hydrophilic polyurethane foam is generally 1.0
~100 μm, hydrophilic polyurethane foam has the characteristics that light, porous, large specific surface area, hydrophily are strong and corrosion resistant, has good
Good water penetration, filtration characteristic is excellent, effectively improves the effective drainage porosity of packing layer, improves the filtration characteristic of packing layer, and
Hydrophilic polyurethane foam is conducive to keep packing layer oxygen-enriched, and hydrophilic polyurethane foam is conducive to the adherency and growth of microorganism, leads to
The denitrogenation dephosphorizing ability of packing layer is strengthened in the effect for crossing microorganism, can effectively reduce rainwater COD；Made by the support of hollow haydite
With, hydrophilic polyurethane foam can be fully extended, and reduce volume compression, to be conducive to improve the effective drainage porosity of packing layer,
Enhance diafiltration ability, and be conducive to the adherency and growth of microorganism, and hydrophilic polyurethane foam can pass through opening and filler
Matrix contacts；Biological ceramic particle shell of polyurethane biological ceramic particle itself has porous structure, is suitble to the breeding and growth of microorganism, and
It is percolated ability with good rainwater.
Polyurethane biological ceramic particle is mixed in filler matrix and obtains filler, is then added in packing layer, is effectively improved and fill out
The effective drainage porosity of the bed of material effectively prevent packing layer to block so as to improve the filtration characteristic of packing layer, will improve biological delaying basin
Rainwater be percolated ability, reduce the blocking probability of biological delaying basin, make biological delaying basin be less likely to occur to block, and can carry
High biology delaying basin denitrogenation dephosphorizing ability.
Polyurethane biological ceramic particle can first prepare the hollow biological ceramic particle shell equipped with opening, then in hollow biology pottery
Fill in the hydrophilic polyurethane foam prepared in grain shell, or carry out directly in hollow biological ceramic particle shell polyurethane foam from
And polyurethane biological ceramic particle is prepared in situ.Being used to prepare the wet feed of biological ceramic particle can be obtained by reference to prior art preparation,
Then wet haydite shell is prepared using template, which is equipped with opening, and then high-temperature firing is obtained equipped with opening
Hollow biological ceramic particle shell.
Preferably, the biological delaying basin is followed successively by from top to bottom plants soil layer, the first permeable geotextile layer, packing layer, the
Two permeable geotextile layers and drainage blanket, the surrounding of the biology delaying basin and bottom are equipped with geotextiles, and described filler layer is filled with
The filler.
Geotextiles are laid in the surrounding of biological delaying basin and bottom, can prevent original soil invasion around, which can be with
It is permeable geotextiles.
Rainwater before this in top layer, plant and soil through planting soil layer tentatively filter, absorb after, penetrate into packing layer,
It further filters, absorb in packing layer, into drainage blanket.When bottom is permeable geotextiles, rainwater enters energy after drainage blanket
Enough it is discharged through permeable geotextiles.
Preferably, the volume of the polyurethane biological ceramic particle is 0.1~1.0cm3, the thickness of the biological ceramic particle shell is
The weight ratio of 1.0~2.0mm, the polyurethane biological ceramic particle and the filler matrix is 0.8%~1.5%.
It is 0.1~1.0cm that volume, which is made, in polyurethane biological ceramic particle3Particle, the materials such as polyurethane biological ceramic particle and soil
Material can be sufficiently mixed uniformly, and particle volume is excessive to be unfavorable for mixing, evenly dispersed polyurethane biological ceramic particle；Biological ceramic particle shell
Thickness is 1.0~2.0mm, and thickness is unsuitable excessively thin, and biological ceramic particle shell needs enough voltage endurance capabilities, will not rupture, and thickness
It is unsuitable blocked up, when same volume, need to fill more hydrophilic polyurethane foams；Polyurethane biological ceramic particle and the filler base
The weight ratio of matter is 0.8%~1.5% so that biological delaying basin obtains suitable infiltration rate, if polyurethane biological ceramic particle
Dosage is too small, then effective drainage porosity improves less, and anti-clogging ability is not good enough, and infiltration rate raising is less, if polyurethane is given birth to
Object haydite dosage is excessive, then effective drainage porosity is excessive, may make rain penetration excessive velocities and the pollutant in rainwater is caused
Not as good as by packing layer absorption, decomposition.
It is highly preferred that the volume of the polyurethane biological ceramic particle is 0.3~0.7cm3, the thickness of the biological ceramic particle shell is
The weight ratio of 1.0~2.0mm, the polyurethane biological ceramic particle and the filler matrix is 1.0%~1.2%.It is poly- by controlling
The volume of the volume and usage amount of urethane biological ceramic particle, polyurethane biological ceramic particle is 0.3~0.7cm3, polyurethane biological ceramic particle with
When the weight ratio of filler matrix is 1.0%~1.2%, ensureing that biological delaying basin has suitable effective drainage porosity and anti-blocking
On the basis of plug ability, the ability for preferably adsorbing, decomposing rain water pollutant is further obtained.
Preferably, the biological ceramic particle shell is the hollow tubular structure that both ends are equipped with opening.
Preferably, the biological ceramic particle shell is the Hollow spheres equipped with multiple openings.
Preferably, the filler also contains iron powder, and the weight ratio of the iron powder and the filler matrix is 2%~4%.Iron
Powder can promote the removal of phosphorus in rainwater, by mixing addition iron powder in packing layer so that biological delaying basin acquisition removes for a long time
The ability of phosphorus, to further increase the ability of biological delaying basin dephosphorization.
Preferably, the filler matrix is by cattail matrix soil and fine sand by weight 5:2~3 mix.
It is highly preferred that the filler matrix is by cattail matrix soil and fine sand by weight 2:1 mixes.
Preferably, the cattail matrix soil is by cattail clast and soil by weight 7:3~5 mix.
It is highly preferred that the cattail matrix soil is by cattail clast and soil by weight 3:2 mix.
Preferably, the thickness of described filler layer is 700~900mm.
Preferably, the biological delaying basin further includes overflow pipe, the upper end of the overflow pipe be higher by plant soil layer 10~
The lower end of 100cm, the overflow pipe are connected to city planting ductwork.When meeting with heavy rain, biological delaying basin has little time the rainwater of processing, then
City planting ductwork is flowed by overflow pipe, avoids the plant of biological delaying basin by water submerged.
Preferably, the plant soil layer includes coating and soil horizon.The coating for planting soil layer is generally bark, leaf, covers
It is soil horizon under cap rock.Planting in biological delaying basin is in soil horizon, when rainwater enters biological delaying basin, can by soil and
Plant tentatively filters, absorbs, and is further processed later into packing layer.
Preferably, the plant the thickness of the layer is 100~200mm.
Preferably, the drainage blanket is gravel layer.The grain size of gravel is generally 0.5~3.0cm, packing layer can be made to filter
Rainwater afterwards is quickly drained.
Preferably, the thickness of the drainage blanket is 200~300mm.
The geotextiles are permeable geotextiles.
Compared with prior art, the beneficial effects of the invention are as follows：
The present invention is obtained by adding polyurethane biological ceramic particle in the filler matrix that cattail matrix soil is formed with fine sand
Filler is filled the packing layer of biological delaying basin using the filler, effectively improves the effective drainage porosity of packing layer, improve packing layer
Filtration characteristic effectively prevent packing layer to block, and the rainwater for improving biological delaying basin is percolated ability, biological delaying basin is made to be not easy
It blocks；
And the peculiar more porous structure of hydrophilic polyurethane foam described in this patent, be conducive to the growth of root system of plant,
In plant and porous structure under the synergistic effect of microorganism, it is would be even more beneficial to being detained the polluters such as COD, N, P in facility
Degradation and absorption.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram using the biological delaying basin of the filler of the present invention.
Specific implementation mode
The present invention is further illustrated With reference to embodiment.
1. the cattail matrix soil used in the present invention may be used method commonly used in the art and be prepared.Embodiment
In cattail matrix soil using following preparation method：Cattail is cut into the fine strip shape of long 3cm × wide 1cm, by weight with soil
Than 3:2 are uniformly mixed, and the porosity of the soil is 35% ± 5%.Fine sand uses commercially available common fine sand.Cattail matrix soil and
The weight ratio of fine sand is 2:1, cattail matrix soil and fine sand mixing form filler matrix.
2. polyurethane biological ceramic particle, using setting, there are two openings in the biological ceramic particle shell of polyurethane biological ceramic particle in embodiment
Hollow spherical shell, then directly foam in spherical shell, polyurethane biological ceramic particle be prepared in situ；
(1) biological ceramic particle shell is prepared with the following method：
S1. powder is mixed to get using municipal dewatered sludge, ferric trichloride, flyash and clay, ferric trichloride is that municipal administration is dry
The 1.0% of sludge weight, flyash are the 120% of municipal dewatered sludge weight, and clay is the 50% of municipal dewatered sludge weight, powder
Grain size be less than or equal to 0.09mm；Use polystyrene foam particles for template, polystyrene foam is sphere, the grain size of template
For 2~8mm；The moisture content of municipal dewatered sludge is 7.0%~9.0%；
S2. the cmc soln that one layer of mass concentration is 1.2% is soaked in template；
S3. then the template of S2. is put into powder, is allowed to surface and speckles with the powder that a layer thickness is 0.3~0.5mm；
S4. the template of S3. is then put into pan-pelletizer, and powder is added, needed to squirt powder therebetween, matter may be used
A concentration of 1.2% cmc soln is measured to squirt powder, be prepared in the wet haydite shell containing template, the wet pottery
Grain shell has 0.5~2.5mm thickness, and the wet haydite shell is then cut out two openings；
S5. by the dry 6min that sets that there are two the wet haydite shells being open at 100 DEG C of S4.；Then at 1000~1100 DEG C
20~25min of lower drying, cooling obtain biological ceramic particle shell；
(2) polyurethane biological ceramic particle is prepared：
In following steps, under conditions of not being specifically noted, control material temperature is 25 DEG C, and mixing speed is
1500rpm；
S1. 0.1g triethanolamines are dissolved in 0.2g deionized waters in 25mL beakers (1#) and 10g trihydroxies polyethers (divides
Son amount 2000~4000) in；
S2. 25g trihydroxies polyethers, 10g toluene di-isocyanate(TDI)s and 0.1g February are sequentially added in 50mL beakers (2#)
Dilaurylate stirs evenly 60s, can be observed have reaction heat releasing；
S3. 0.1~0.2g silicone oil is then added in 1# beakers, 2# beakers are poured into after stirring evenly, are stirred evenly, when anti-
After answering mixture retrogradation, stirring stops, and rapidly instills mixture in the biological ceramic particle shell prepared in multiple (1), then will give birth to
Object haydite shell is smoothly transferred to foam box (self-control:20cm × 20cm × 25cm) in；
S4. it places at room temperature after ten minutes, foam box is placed in baking oven and is cured；Foaming cannot be shaken before this
In case, especially foam uphill process；Foam is placed in 100 DEG C of baking oven and cures 0.5h, obtained polyurethane biological ceramic particle
In might have some polyurethanes foam from opening protrude, the polyurethane that the slave opening of polyurethane biological ceramic particle is protruded
To get to polyurethane biological ceramic particle, screening volume is 0.1~1.0cm for foam segment excision3, thickness of the shell be 1.0~2.0mm
Polyurethane biological ceramic particle.
The density of the hydrophilic polyurethane foam prepared using the above method is 25~45kg/m3, the hydrophilic polyurethane foam
Aperture be 1.0~100 μm.
3. the structure of the biological delaying basin using the filler of the present invention
Packing layer is filled using the filler of embodiment 1~11 and comparative example 1~3, obtains corresponding biological delaying basin, respectively
The corresponding biological delaying basin of a embodiment only has packing layer to have differences, other are consistent；The structure of biological delaying basin is as follows：
A kind of biology delaying basin, as shown in Figure 1, the biology delaying basin is followed successively by from top to bottom plants soil layer 1, the first permeable soil
The surrounding of work cloth 2, packing layer 3, the second permeable geotextiles 4 and drainage blanket 5, the biology delaying basin is laid with anti-seepage geotextile 6, the life
The bottom of object delaying basin is laid with permeable geotextiles 6, which further includes overflow pipe 7, and the upper end 71 of overflow pipe 7 is higher by plant
The lower end 72 of soil layer 20cm, overflow pipe 7 are connected to city planting ductwork；
Drainage blanket 5 is gravel layer 5, and the thickness of gravel layer 5 is 250mm, and the grain size of gravel is 0.5~3.0cm；
The thickness of packing layer 3 is 800mm, and packing layer fills filler；
It includes coating and soil horizon to plant soil layer 1, and coating is bark, leaf, is soil horizon, planting under coating
In soil horizon, plant the thickness of the layer is 200mm.A length of 100m of biological delaying basin, width 1.5m.
4. the method for measuring effective drainage porosity
Effective drainage porosity refers to the outer of total volume and the porous media in the micro-pore being interconnected in porous media
The ratio of surface volume.
(1) sample preparatory phase
1. bulk density sample：It is the sample of 50mm or so to take size；
2. density sample：1000g or so sample is selected, surface is cleaned up, and is crushed to particle and is less than 5mm, with four
Powder sample is fitted into measuring cup, is put into 150g, then with porcelain mortar grind into powder and by 200 mesh standard sieves by point-score division
Dry 4h or more in (105 ± 2) DEG C baking oven, take out it is slightly cold after, be put into drier and be cooled to room temperature.
(2) bulk density measures
It is put into (105 ± 2) DEG C baking oven dry 2h 1. sample is cleaned up with brush, is taken out, is cooled to room temperature, claims it
Quality (m0), it is accurate to 0.02g；
2. sample is put into the distilled water of room temperature, is taken out after impregnating 48h, surface moisture is wiped with the wet towel wrung out,
And quality (m is weighed immediately1), it is accurate to 0.02g；Then sample is hung in mesh basket, mesh basket and sample is immersed to the steaming of room temperature
In distilled water, its quality (m in water is weighed2), it is accurate to 0.02g.
(3) density measurement
Weigh three parts of sample, every part of 50g (m '0), sample is respectively charged into clean density bottle, and pour into distilled water.
The distilled water poured into is no more than the half of density bottle volume, and density bottle is put into distilled water and is boiled 10-15 minutes, is made in sample
Removal of bubbles, or density bottle is placed in vacuum desiccator and excludes bubble.After removal of bubbles, density bottle is dried, is cooled to room temperature,
It is filled to mark with distilled water, weighs quality (m '2).Density bottle is rinsed well again, is filled to mark with distilled water, and
Claim quality (m '1), m '0、m′1、m′2, it is accurate to 0.002g.
(4) experimental analysis and calculating
1. bulk density：Bulk density ρb(g/cm3) be calculated as follows：
ρb=ρw×m0/(m1-m2)
M in formula0--- dry sample is in the quality of air, g
m1--- the aerial quality of water saturation sample, g
m2--- the quality of water saturation sample in water, g
ρw--- the density of room temperature water, g/cm when experiment3
2. density pt(g/cm3) be calculated as follows：
ρt=ρw×m0/(m1+m0-m2)
M in formula0--- dry powder sample is in the quality of air, g
m1--- the only quality of the density bottle of dress distilled water, g
m2--- dress powder sample adds the density bottle quality of water, g
ρw--- the density of room temperature water, g/cm when experiment3
3. porosity：According to the bulk density and density for measuring gained, porosity ρa(%) is calculated as follows
ρa=(1- ρb/ρt) × 100%
ρ in formulab--- the bulk density of sample, g/cm3
ρt--- the density of sample, g/cm3
5. the assay method of rainwater treatment effect
The drainage blanket rainwater for taking surface rain, biological delaying basin respectively, measures the content of ammonia nitrogen, total nitrogen, total phosphorus, then counts
Calculate ammonia nitrogen removal frank, nitrogen removal rate, total tp removal rate；Assay method is as shown in table 1.
After biological delaying basin builds up 30 days, after having rained, it is measured.
Table 1
| Location parameter | Assay method | Standard |
| Ammonia nitrogen NH4 +-N | Berthelot spectrophotometry | HJ535-2009 |
| Total nitrogen TN | Potassium persulfate oxidation | GB11894-89 |
| Total phosphorus TP | Molybdenum-antimony anti-spectrophotometric method | GB11893-89 |
6. long-term filtration characteristic monitoring
Test method is：Before test, first water, the water surface is added to be unlikely to cover overflow port into biological delaying basin, when biology is stagnant
When the infiltration rate in pond being stayed to stablize, biological delaying basin is in saturation state at this time；A part of water is then taken out, biological delaying basin is made
Supratectal water depth be 5cm, then start timing, record the time that the supratectal water of biological delaying basin disappears；
Time is shorter, and infiltration rate is faster.
It is changed with time by monitoring infiltration rate, compares the anti-clogging ability of the different biological delaying basin of filler.For
Influence of the moisture evaporation to test result is reduced, in test, the top of biological delaying basin is using film covering.
Embodiment 1
The volume of polyurethane biological ceramic particle is 0.1cm in the filler of the present embodiment3, polyurethane biological ceramic particle and filler matrix
Weight ratio be 0.8%.
Embodiment 2
The volume of polyurethane biological ceramic particle is 0.1cm in the filler of the present embodiment3, polyurethane biological ceramic particle and filler matrix
Weight ratio be 1.0%.
Embodiment 3
The volume of polyurethane biological ceramic particle is 0.1cm in the filler of the present embodiment3, polyurethane biological ceramic particle and filler matrix
Weight ratio be 1.5%.
Embodiment 4
The volume of polyurethane biological ceramic particle is 0.3cm in the filler of the present embodiment3, polyurethane biological ceramic particle and filler matrix
Weight ratio be 1.0%.
Embodiment 5
The volume of polyurethane biological ceramic particle is 0.3cm in the filler of the present embodiment3, polyurethane biological ceramic particle and filler matrix
Weight ratio be 1.2%.
Embodiment 6
The volume of polyurethane biological ceramic particle is 0.7cm in the filler of the present embodiment3, polyurethane biological ceramic particle and filler matrix
Weight ratio be 0.8%.
Embodiment 7
The volume of polyurethane biological ceramic particle is 0.7m in the filler of the present embodiment3, polyurethane biological ceramic particle and filler matrix
Weight ratio be 1.0%.
Embodiment 8
The volume of polyurethane biological ceramic particle is 0.7cm in the filler of the present embodiment3, polyurethane biological ceramic particle and filler matrix
Weight ratio be 1.2%.
Embodiment 9
The volume of polyurethane biological ceramic particle is 1.0cm in the filler of the present embodiment3, polyurethane biological ceramic particle and filler matrix
Weight ratio be 0.8%.
Embodiment 10
The volume of polyurethane biological ceramic particle is 1.0cm in the filler of the present embodiment3, polyurethane biological ceramic particle and filler matrix
Weight ratio be 1.5%.
Embodiment 11
The present embodiment and embodiment 4 also contain iron powder difference lies in, filler, and the weight ratio of iron powder and filler matrix is
3%.
Comparative example 1
Difference lies in filler contains only filler matrix to this comparative example, does not add polyurethane biological ceramic particle with embodiment 4.
Comparative example 2
Difference lies in hollow biological ceramic particle shell is not filled with hydrophilic polyurethane foam to this comparative example with embodiment 4.
Comparative example 3
Difference lies in replace polyurethane life to this comparative example in filler using hydrophilic polyurethane foam particle with embodiment 4
Object haydite；The size and usage quantity of the hydrophilic polyurethane foam particle uncompressed state are made pottery with the polyurethane biology of embodiment 4
The size of grain is identical with usage quantity.
Performance test：
The raw material usage amount of embodiment 1~11 and comparative example 1 is as shown in table 2；
The performance of the effective drainage porosity of the filler of embodiment 1~11 and comparative example 1~3 and corresponding biological delaying basin is surveyed
Examination is as shown in table 3；
The long-term filtration characteristic monitoring of the biological delaying basin corresponding with the filler of comparative example 1 of embodiment 4 is as shown in table 4.
Table 2
Table 3
Table 4
| Test serial number | Test period | Embodiment 4 | Comparative example 1 |
| 1 | Initially | 0.6h | 2.0h |
| 2 | Every 1 week | 0.6h | 2.1h |
| 3 | Every 1 week | 0.7h | 2.4h |
| 4 | Every 1 week | 0.7h | 2.8h |
| 5 | Every January | 0.9h | 3.5h |
| 6 | Every January | 1.0h | 4.3h |
| 7 | Every January | 1.1h | 4.9h |
| 8 | Every January | 1.1h | 5.6h |
| 9 | Every January | 1.2h | 6.0h |
| 10 | Every March | 1.3h | 6.9h |
| 11 | Every March | 1.5h | 7.4h |
By table 2 and table 3 it is found that the embodiment of the present invention 1~11 is compared with comparative example 1, the filler of embodiment 1~11 is effective
Porosity significantly increases, and improves the filtration characteristic of packing layer, packing layer is effectively prevent to block, this will improve biological delaying basin rainwater
Penetrating power makes biological delaying basin be not easy to block.Moreover, as shown in table 4, subsequent long-term experiment the result shows that, embodiment 4
Corresponding biology delaying basin can keep good filtration characteristic in 1 year, and the corresponding biological delaying basin of comparative example 1 is at 3
After month, filtration characteristic is decreased obviously.Moreover, by table 2 and table 3 it is found that embodiment 4 is compared with comparative example 2 and comparative example 3, implement
Example 4 has the effective drainage porosity of bigger, and filtration characteristic is more preferable, will have better anti-clogging ability, it is seen that added in filler
Polyurethane the biological ceramic particle biological ceramic particle or hydrophilic polyurethane foam hollow better than addition.
In addition, the corresponding biological delaying basin of the embodiment of the present invention 1~11 also has ammonia nitrogen in excellent processing rainwater, total
The ability of nitrogen, total phosphorus, ammonia nitrogen in the corresponding biological delaying basin processing rainwater of embodiment 1~11, total nitrogen, total phosphorus it is with obvious effects excellent
In comparative example 1.
Wherein, ammonia nitrogen in embodiment 4,5,7,8 corresponding biological delaying basins processing rainwater, total nitrogen, total phosphorus effect be better than
Other embodiment, meanwhile, embodiment 4,5,7,8 has moderate porosity, ensure that certain filtration characteristic and anti-clogging energy
Power.
Embodiment 11 is also added with iron powder, can assign the energy of the long-term dephosphorization of biological delaying basin relative to embodiment 4, filler
Power.In table 3, the dephosphorization ability biological delaying basin corresponding with embodiment 4 of the corresponding biological delaying basin of embodiment 11 is not much different,
It is because of the packing layer itself of filler matrix and polyurethane biological ceramic particle composition has excellent dephosphorization ability, in a short time, biological
Delaying basin can also keep excellent dephosphorization ability.
Obviously, the above embodiment of the present invention be only to clearly illustrate example of the present invention, and not be pair
The restriction of embodiments of the present invention.For those of ordinary skill in the art, may be used also on the basis of the above description
To make other variations or changes in different ways.There is no necessity and possibility to exhaust all the enbodiments.It is all this
All any modification, equivalent and improvement etc., should be included in the claims in the present invention made by within the spirit and principle of invention
Protection domain within.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of filler for biological delaying basin, which is characterized in that contain following component：Filler matrix, polyurethane biology pottery
Grain, the filler matrix mixes by cattail matrix soil with fine sand, and the polyurethane biological ceramic particle includes hollow biology
Haydite shell, the hydrophilic polyurethane foam being filled in the biological ceramic particle shell, the biological ceramic particle shell are described equipped with that can expose
At least part of opening of hydrophilic polyurethane foam.
2. filler according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the volume of the polyurethane biological ceramic particle is 0.1 ~ 1.0cm3,
The thickness of the biological ceramic particle shell is 1.0 ~ 2.0mm, and the weight ratio of the polyurethane biological ceramic particle and the filler matrix is
0.8%~1.5%。
3. filler according to claim 2, which is characterized in that the volume of the polyurethane biological ceramic particle is 0.3 ~ 0.7cm3,
The thickness of the biological ceramic particle shell is 1.0 ~ 2.0mm, and the weight ratio of the polyurethane biological ceramic particle and the filler matrix is
1.0%~1.2%。
4. according to claim 1 ~ 3 any one of them filler, which is characterized in that the biological ceramic particle shell is that both ends are equipped with opening
Hollow tubular structure.
5. according to claim 1 ~ 3 any one of them filler, which is characterized in that the biological ceramic particle shell is equipped with multiple openings
Hollow spheres.
6. according to claim 1 ~ 3 any one of them filler, which is characterized in that the filler also contains iron powder, the iron powder
Weight ratio with the filler matrix is 2% ~ 4%.
7. filler according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the filler matrix is by cattail matrix soil and fine sand by weight
Measure ratio 5:2 ~ 3 mix.
8. filler according to claim 1 or claim 7, which is characterized in that the cattail matrix soil is by cattail clast and soil
By weight 7:3 ~ 5 mix.
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| CN201810069725.4A CN108558021A (en) | 2018-01-24 | 2018-01-24 | A kind of filler for biological delaying basin |
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Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN2761594Y (en) * | 2005-01-21 | 2006-03-01 | 贵州绿色环保设备工程有限责任公司 | Program control pulse flushing type high turbidity integrated water purifier |
| CN201201918Y (en) * | 2008-03-17 | 2009-03-04 | 河北科技大学 | Composite filler for biofilter |
| CN107100261A (en) * | 2017-05-19 | 2017-08-29 | 广西益江环保科技股份有限公司 | A kind of novel rainwater is detained filtration system |
-
2018
- 2018-01-24 CN CN201810069725.4A patent/CN108558021A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN2761594Y (en) * | 2005-01-21 | 2006-03-01 | 贵州绿色环保设备工程有限责任公司 | Program control pulse flushing type high turbidity integrated water purifier |
| CN201201918Y (en) * | 2008-03-17 | 2009-03-04 | 河北科技大学 | Composite filler for biofilter |
| CN107100261A (en) * | 2017-05-19 | 2017-08-29 | 广西益江环保科技股份有限公司 | A kind of novel rainwater is detained filtration system |
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Application publication date: 20180921 |