CN108383602A - A kind of liquid fertilizer production method - Google Patents
A kind of liquid fertilizer production method Download PDFInfo
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- CN108383602A CN108383602A CN201810315339.9A CN201810315339A CN108383602A CN 108383602 A CN108383602 A CN 108383602A CN 201810315339 A CN201810315339 A CN 201810315339A CN 108383602 A CN108383602 A CN 108383602A
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- Prior art keywords
- wood vinegar
- liquid
- liquid fertilizer
- biomass carbon
- fertilizer production
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F11/00—Other organic fertilisers
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05D—INORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C; FERTILISERS PRODUCING CARBON DIOXIDE
- C05D9/00—Other inorganic fertilisers
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/60—Biocides or preservatives, e.g. disinfectants, pesticides or herbicides; Pest repellants or attractants
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G5/00—Fertilisers characterised by their form
- C05G5/20—Liquid fertilisers
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K17/00—Soil-conditioning materials or soil-stabilising materials
- C09K17/02—Soil-conditioning materials or soil-stabilising materials containing inorganic compounds only
- C09K17/04—Soil-conditioning materials or soil-stabilising materials containing inorganic compounds only applied in a physical form other than a solution or a grout, e.g. as granules or gases
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Plant Pathology (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Fertilizers (AREA)
Abstract
The invention belongs to agricultural technology fields, and in particular to a kind of fertilizer production method.Liquid fertilizer production method provided by the invention, it is initiative in such a way that wood vinegar extracts biomass carbon, the purifying of wood vinegar and one step of nutriment enrichment process are completed.Suspended matter, tar and the unstable material etc. in wood vinegar can be adsorbed using biomass carbon, while reducing the coloration of wood vinegar.It is worth noting that, directly wood vinegar is utilized to extract biomass carbon, the substances such as the water-soluble organic aromatic of small-molecular-weight in biomass carbon conducive to plant growth can be extracted, the soluble humic acid ingredient in wood vinegar is improved, reaches enrichment of the nutriment in wood vinegar.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to agricultural technology fields, and in particular to a kind of production method of fertilizer.
Background technology
How agricultural wastes to be carried out efficiently utilizing the research hotspot in always agricultural technology.By taking stalk as an example, most
Early straw utilization mode is straw-returning.There are two types of traditional straw-returning modes, respectively stalk crush direct returning to farmland and
Stalk on-site incineration is made after plant ash and carries out returning to the field again.But stalk directly crushes and carries out returning to the field and easily lead to pest and disease damage and ask
Topic；And by although returning to the field will not bring pest and disease damage problem, open incineration that can cause organic in stalk again after stalk on-site incineration
The waste of matter, a large amount of dense smokes generated in burning process can also cause serious air pollution.The above problem makes people always
Seek the new way using agricultural wastes, in recent years, it is more as studying to prepare biomass carbon using agricultural wastes
A kind of new method.
Agricultural wastes are pyrolyzed under limit oxygen or anoxic condition, are carbonized, you can obtains biomass carbon, while can also
Obtain the by-products such as stalk oily (or wood tar), wood vinegar.Wherein, wood vinegar contains a variety of active ingredients, including a variety of organic
Matter such as organic acid, aldehyde, ketone, alcohol, phenol etc., also plant growth necessary element such as calcium, magnesium, sodium, iron etc., so wood vinegar is not
Only have effects that desinsection, sterilization, while the growth of plant can also be promoted.It is usually made in the prior art using wood vinegar
Medical material, food additives, soil conditioner, plant growth promoter etc., and be to produce liquid fertilizer using wood vinegar
One of which can make full use of the mode of wood vinegar active ingredient.Cause to usually contain in wood vinegar raw material by preparation process few
Wood tar and suspended matter are measured, these substances are unfavorable for wood vinegar and are directly applied to crop as Liquid Fertilizer, so in the prior art
It is middle using wood vinegar prepare Liquid Fertilizer when, often first using absorption, distillation the methods of to wood vinegar carry out purification process after remake
It uses.
For example, Chinese patent literature CN103724128A discloses a kind of method preparing foliar fertilizer using wood vinegar,
The technology aoxidizes wood vinegar first with hydrogen peroxide, then active carbon adsorption and ion exchange resin is used to adsorb successively
Method by after oxidation macromolecular and other impurity remove, then wood vinegar is concentrated using reverse osmosis membrane so that the wooden vinegar
Nutritional ingredient is enriched in liquid, is subsequently added into the additives such as humic acid, magnesium sulfate as nutritional supplementation, blade face is made in last coating
Fertilizer.
But not only process is complicated, complex steps for the foliar fertilizer technology of preparing, production cost is also higher, it is also necessary to consume
Hydrogen peroxide, ion exchange resin and reverse osmosis membrane；Also, the loss of organic matter will certainly be caused in preparation process, such as
Technical paper《Application of the membrane technology in wood vinegar purifying process》Middle announcement is utilizing the reverse osmosis concentration for carrying out wood vinegar
When, it has nearly 10% small molecule organic matter and is detached from wood vinegar with dilute side.
Therefore, how efficient, simple, low cost using wooden while active ingredient in reservation wood vinegar to greatest extent
Vinegar liquid prepares Liquid Fertilizer and is a problem to be solved by those skilled in the art.
Invention content
Technical problem to be solved by the present invention lies in overcome the process for preparing Liquid Fertilizer using wood vinegar in the prior art
Defect complicated, cumbersome, of high cost, and then a kind of side that Liquid Fertilizer is prepared using wood vinegar efficiently, simple, inexpensive is provided
Method.
The present invention adopts the following technical scheme that in order to achieve the above objectives：
A kind of liquid fertilizer production method, includes the following steps,
Wood vinegar is extracted into biomass carbon, is then detached, liquid phase, as Liquid Fertilizer are collected；
Or nutriment is added into the liquid phase and is used as Liquid Fertilizer.
The weight ratio of the biomass carbon and the wood vinegar is (0.2~0.8)：1.
The time of the extraction is 0.5~3h；And/or
The temperature of the extraction is 50~90 DEG C.
The time of the extraction is 0.5~1h；And/or
The temperature of the extraction is 80~90 DEG C.
The wood vinegar is the wood vinegar stoste prepared obtained by biomass carbon.
The biomass carbon is to be carbonized obtained by biomass under limit oxygen or anoxic condition.
Average cell size >=0.04cm of the biomass carbon3/g。
The biomass carbon that the liquid fertilizer production method is prepared is used as soil conditioner or for producing carbon-based fertilizer
Purposes.
A kind of Liquid Fertilizer process units, including sequentially connected extraction unit, solid-liquid separation unit, liquid storage unit and compound
Fertile reaction member；
The liquid-phase outlet of the solid-liquid separation unit is connected with the entrance of the liquid storage unit.
Biomass carbon and wood vinegar used in the present invention can obtain in same producing line, such as be to stalk
Straw charcoal and wood vinegar obtained from being carbonized；Or obtained in non-same producing line, as long as using agriculture waste
Biomass carbon handles wood vinegar obtained from object charing, and technical solution provided by the present invention can be achieved.The present invention
Described in extraction be sensu lato extraction, refer to by the way that wood vinegar is in contact with biomass carbon so that in biomass carbon
Water-soluble substances be released into the process of wood vinegar.Heretofore described average cell size is to be analyzed using nuclear magnetic resonance nanoaperture
Instrument measures.
Technical scheme of the present invention has the advantages that：
1. liquid fertilizer production method provided by the invention, initiative in such a way that wood vinegar extracts biomass carbon, will
The purifying of wood vinegar and one step of nutriment enrichment process are completed.It can be by suspended matter, the coke in wood vinegar using biomass carbon
Oil and unstable material etc. are adsorbed, while reducing the coloration of wood vinegar.It is worth noting that, directly wood vinegar is utilized to extract
Biomass carbon can extract the substances such as the water-soluble organic aromatic of small-molecular-weight in biomass carbon conducive to plant growth,
The soluble humic acid ingredient in wood vinegar is improved, enrichment of the nutriment in wood vinegar is reached.Divided again by above-mentioned extraction
From process, success between biomass carbon and the interface of wood vinegar realizes mass exchange so that wood vinegar and biomass carbon
Quality be improved simultaneously.
Liquid Fertilizer fertilizer efficiency obtained by method provided by the invention is good, for being applied to tomato after diluting 500 times, by this
Liquid Fertilizer made from application method is compared with directly using wood vinegar as Liquid Fertilizer, the raising of Vitamin C content in tomato
Up to 46%, soluble protein improves 19%, and total output improves 26%, and single fruit weight improves 6%.
The present invention efficiently can prepare Liquid Fertilizer using the by-product wood vinegar in biomass carbon production process, need not disappear
Other materials is consumed, preparation process is efficient, simple, inexpensive.
2. liquid fertilizer production method provided by the invention is handled wood vinegar using biomass carbon, obtained wood
Vinegar liquid have pervasive practicability the formula of Liquid Fertilizer can be adjusted flexibly using it as matrix, while improving fertilizer efficiency also with
Coordinate the demand in various plant growths each stage.In addition, the biomass carbon of present invention gained is due to having adsorbed having in wood vinegar
Ingredient is imitated, while having also obtained the function of sterilization, in this way, liquid fertilizer production method provided by the invention is not only able to significantly improve
The added value of wood vinegar, additionally it is possible to improve the quality of biomass carbon, and production process is simple to operation, green non-pollution is full
Foot diversification agricultural technology demand.
3. utilizing Liquid Fertilizer process units provided by the present invention, liquid can be produced with Optimum utilization biomass carbon and wood vinegar
The production technology of body fertilizer reduces energy consumption, improves production efficiency.It realizes pipeline system production, while obtaining liquid composite fertilizer and soil
Earth modifying agent and carbon-based fertilizer.
Specific implementation mode
Technical scheme of the present invention is clearly and completely described below in conjunction with attached drawing, it is clear that described implementation
Example is a part of the embodiment of the present invention, instead of all the embodiments.Based on the embodiments of the present invention, ordinary skill
The every other embodiment that personnel are obtained without making creative work, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
In addition, technical characteristic involved in invention described below different embodiments is as long as they do not conflict with each other
It can be combined with each other.
Description of the drawings：
1- wood vinegar, 2- biomass carbons, 3- pot for solvent extraction, 4- material outlets, 5- centrifuges, 6- filters, 7- fluid reservoirs, 8-
Reaction kettle, 9- loading hoppers, 10- service hatches, 11- blowdowns, 12- biomass carbons, 13- water, 14- liquid composite fertilizers.
Embodiment 1
A kind of liquid fertilizer production method is present embodiments provided, is included the following steps,
20kg biomass carbons and 100kg wood vinegar are mixed at 80 DEG C, stirring so that wood vinegar is complete by biomass carbon
It impregnates, is kept stirring 1h, operation then is centrifuged to gained solid, liquid mixture, collect liquid phase as Liquid Fertilizer.
Biomass carbon and wood vinegar used by the present embodiment are gained after being carbonized to maize straw.
Embodiment 2
A kind of liquid fertilizer production method is present embodiments provided, is included the following steps,
80kg biomass carbons and 100kg wood vinegar are mixed at 90 DEG C, stirring so that wood vinegar is complete by biomass carbon
It impregnates, is kept stirring 0.5h, operation then is centrifuged to gained solid, liquid mixture, gained liquid carries out at 30 DEG C
It stands, further to remove tiny suspended particulate therein, then collects liquid phase as Liquid Fertilizer.
Embodiment 3
A kind of liquid fertilizer production method is present embodiments provided, is included the following steps,
30kg biomass carbons and 100kg wood vinegar are mixed at 50 DEG C, stirring so that wood vinegar is complete by biomass carbon
It impregnates, is kept stirring 3h, operation then is filtered to gained solid, liquid mixture, to be separated, then collect liquid phase and make
For Liquid Fertilizer.
Embodiment 4
A kind of liquid fertilizer production method is present embodiments provided, is included the following steps,
50kg biomass carbons and 100kg wood vinegar are mixed at 70 DEG C, stirring so that wood vinegar is complete by biomass carbon
It impregnates, is kept stirring 2h, operation then is centrifuged to gained solid, liquid mixture, gained liquid carries out quiet at 50 DEG C
It sets, further to remove tiny suspended particulate therein, then collects liquid phase.The liquid phase being collected into carries out liquid as matrix and answers
The production in Hefei.
Embodiment 5
Liquid Fertilizer provided in this embodiment is prepared using Liquid Fertilizer process units provided by the present invention, Fig. 1
For the schematic diagram of process units, as shown, the device includes sequentially connected pot for solvent extraction, centrifuge, fluid reservoir and reaction kettle.
The pot for solvent extraction is provided with wood vinegar entrance, biomass carbon entrance, material outlet, is additionally provided with agitating device and temperature regulating device.If
The material outlet set on pot for solvent extraction is connected with a centrifuge, the solid-phase outlet of the centrifuge and a helical conveyer device phase
Even, liquid-phase outlet is connected by first filter with fluid reservoir, the liquid-phase outlet of the fluid reservoir and the wooden vinegar of composite fertilizer's reactor
Liquid entrance is connected, and the outlet of composite fertilizer's reactor is additionally provided with the second filter.
In the present embodiment, Liquid Fertilizer respectively will in production by the wood vinegar entrance and biomass carbon entrance of pot for solvent extraction
50kg biomass carbons and 100kg wood vinegar are added, and it is 70 DEG C then to control the temperature in pot for solvent extraction, and is stirred 2.5 hours,
To complete extraction.Material after the completion of extraction is exported by the material outlet of pot for solvent extraction, then enters centrifuge.Pass through the centrifugation
The solid phase that machine is separated sends to packaging by helix transporting device, as soil conditioner or for producing charcoal base manure；It is logical
Liquid phase that the centrifuge is separated is crossed by being delivered to fluid reservoir after first filter, is settled at 40 DEG C, with into one
Step removes fine suspension therein.The solid impurity come out by sedimentation separation in fluid reservoir is discharged by sewage draining exit, through heavy
Liquid phase after drop is squeezed by pumping in composite fertilizer's reaction kettle, and the addition of other nutrients is carried out from feed inlet, carries out composite fertilizer
Preparation, obtained material can be by being pumped to packaging or use after the second filter.
Comparative example 1
The Liquid Fertilizer that this comparative example provides is made from following methods：
The commercially available activated carbons of 20kg and 100kg wood vinegar are mixed at 80 DEG C, stirring so that wood vinegar is by commercially available activated carbon
It is completely soaked, is kept stirring 1h, operation then is centrifuged to gained solid, liquid mixture, collect liquid phase as Liquid Fertilizer.
Effect example
Clear water, commercial liquid fertilizer, wood vinegar stoste, embodiment 1 and 1 gained Liquid Fertilizer of comparative example is respectively adopted and is applied to west
Red persimmon experimental plot.Frequency of administration：It sprays weekly once, sprays 6 weeks altogether, the single amount of spraying is 25L/hm2。
It is harvested when ripe, metering overground part yield, single fruit weight and the sampling analysis index of quality, as a result such as Tables 1 and 2 institute
Show.
Influence of the 1 each Liquid Fertilizer of table to tomato production, single fruit weight and quality
Note：M, wood vinegar stoste used in embodiment 1；M+C, the Liquid Fertilizer that embodiment 1 obtains；D, commercial liquid fertilizer；CK, clearly
Water sprays；Number is extension rate when spraying after processing name；M+AC, comparative example gained Liquid Fertilizer.
From table, it is apparent that wood vinegar dilution spray processing decrease than commercial liquid fertilizer Vc contents, other
Indicator difference is little；And the Liquid Fertilizer being prepared with the method that embodiment 1 provides dilutes 500 times and sprays, yield and quality is equal
It is significantly improved.
It should be noted that the method for the present invention handled to wood vinegar using biomass carbon and traditional activity
Carbon adsorption is different.The production technology of activated carbon includes charing, cooling, washing and activation, and biomass carbon is then straight
It connects and is pyrolyzed agricultural wastes under limit oxygen or anaerobic condition, gained solid phase is biomass carbon.Technical paper《Wood vinegar
The discussion of process for purification》Middle announcement, the operation principle of active carbon adsorption are to adsorb wood using the big specific surface area of activated carbon
Tar, since activated carbon adsorptive capacity is big, the dosage of activated carbon can not be too many, generally the 2%~15% of wood vinegar, to prevent
Required ingredient absorption in wood vinegar is fallen.And the present invention is that the water-soluble organic molecule in biomass carbon is released into wood vinegar
In, and make biomass carbon surface that mass exchange occur by way of first extracting and detaching again.
Obviously, the above embodiments are merely examples for clarifying the description, and does not limit the embodiments.It is right
For those of ordinary skill in the art, can also make on the basis of the above description it is other it is various forms of variation or
It changes.There is no necessity and possibility to exhaust all the enbodiments.And it is extended from this it is obvious variation or
Variation is still in the protection scope of this invention.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of liquid fertilizer production method, which is characterized in that include the following steps,
Wood vinegar is extracted into biomass carbon, is then detached, liquid phase, as Liquid Fertilizer are collected；
Or nutriment is added into the liquid phase and is used as Liquid Fertilizer.
2. liquid fertilizer production method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the biomass carbon and the wood vinegar
Weight ratio is (0.2~0.8)：1.
3. liquid fertilizer production method according to claim 1 or 2, which is characterized in that
The time of the extraction is 0.5~3h；And/or
The temperature of the extraction is 50~90 DEG C.
4. according to claim 1-3 any one of them liquid fertilizer production methods, which is characterized in that
The time of the extraction is 0.5~1h；And/or
The temperature of the extraction is 80~90 DEG C.
5. according to claim 1-4 any one of them liquid fertilizer production methods, which is characterized in that the wood vinegar is to prepare to give birth to
Wood vinegar stoste obtained by substance charcoal.
6. according to claim 1-5 any one of them liquid fertilizer production methods, which is characterized in that the biomass carbon is to limit
It is carbonized obtained by biomass under oxygen or anoxic condition.
7. according to claim 1-6 any one of them liquid fertilizer production methods, which is characterized in that the biomass carbon is averaged
Cell size >=0.04cm3/g。
8. being used as soil improvement according to the biomass carbon that claim 1-7 any one of them liquid fertilizer production methods are prepared
Agent or purposes for producing carbon-based fertilizer.
9. a kind of device for realizing claim 1-7 any one of them liquid fertilizer production methods, which is characterized in that including
Sequentially connected extraction unit, solid-liquid separation unit, liquid storage unit and composite fertilizer's reaction member；
The liquid-phase outlet of the solid-liquid separation unit is connected with the entrance of the liquid storage unit.
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| CN201810315339.9A CN108383602A (en) | 2018-04-10 | 2018-04-10 | A kind of liquid fertilizer production method |
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| CN201810315339.9A CN108383602A (en) | 2018-04-10 | 2018-04-10 | A kind of liquid fertilizer production method |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108586045A (en) * | 2018-05-28 | 2018-09-28 | 南京农业大学 | A kind of charcoal base Water soluble fertilizer, preparation method and its application |
| CN110683920A (en) * | 2019-11-20 | 2020-01-14 | 江苏省农业科学院 | Rhododendron growth promoting carbon-based liquid fertilizer and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN110698278A (en) * | 2019-11-20 | 2020-01-17 | 江苏省农业科学院 | Rhododendron formation promoting charcoal-based liquid fertilizer and preparation method and application thereof |
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| CN110698278A (en) * | 2019-11-20 | 2020-01-17 | 江苏省农业科学院 | Rhododendron formation promoting charcoal-based liquid fertilizer and preparation method and application thereof |
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Application publication date: 20180810 |