CN108383190B - Device for obtaining clean water by utilizing solar energy based on functional material - Google Patents
Device for obtaining clean water by utilizing solar energy based on functional material Download PDFInfo
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- CN108383190B CN108383190B CN201810075910.4A CN201810075910A CN108383190B CN 108383190 B CN108383190 B CN 108383190B CN 201810075910 A CN201810075910 A CN 201810075910A CN 108383190 B CN108383190 B CN 108383190B
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 101
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title abstract description 26
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000008204 material by function Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000002041 carbon nanotube Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910021393 carbon nanotube Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000013535 sea water Substances 0.000 abstract description 9
- 239000011538 cleaning material Substances 0.000 abstract description 8
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000005485 electric heating Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000002384 drinking water standard Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 229910021389 graphene Inorganic materials 0.000 description 12
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 10
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 10
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 8
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 6
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- 230000001580 bacterial effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000012512 characterization method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010612 desalination reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000003651 drinking water Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000020188 drinking water Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000009616 inductively coupled plasma Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008520 organization Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920000742 Cotton Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000003889 chemical engineering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012153 distilled water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/02—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating
- C02F1/04—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating by distillation or evaporation
- C02F1/14—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating by distillation or evaporation using solar energy
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D1/00—Evaporating
- B01D1/0011—Heating features
- B01D1/0029—Use of radiation
- B01D1/0035—Solar energy
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2103/00—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated
- C02F2103/08—Seawater, e.g. for desalination
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A20/00—Water conservation; Efficient water supply; Efficient water use
- Y02A20/20—Controlling water pollution; Waste water treatment
- Y02A20/208—Off-grid powered water treatment
- Y02A20/211—Solar-powered water purification
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A20/00—Water conservation; Efficient water supply; Efficient water use
- Y02A20/20—Controlling water pollution; Waste water treatment
- Y02A20/208—Off-grid powered water treatment
- Y02A20/212—Solar-powered wastewater sewage treatment, e.g. spray evaporation
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Toxicology (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Heat Treatment Of Water, Waste Water Or Sewage (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a device for obtaining clean water by utilizing solar energy based on functional materials, belonging to the technical field of functional material application. In the device, the water guide hose is arranged on a foam bottom plate, the inner partition plate is relatively fixed with the bottom plate of the sealed container, and a water storage tank is formed between the inner partition plate and the shell and used for collecting condensed cleaning water. The device floats on the surface of rivers and seawater, and the lower part in the middle is provided with the electrodes and the solar water cleaning material. The solar cell panel and the accumulator are arranged on the bottom plate of the sealed container, and the solar cell panel and the accumulator are connected with the electrodes through leads. The device for obtaining clean water by solar energy is combined with the solar water cleaning material, so that the photo-thermal and electric heating properties of the material are combined, compared with a device which only uses photo-thermal or electric heat, the device has higher water yield, and can obtain all-weather clean water. The ion removal rate of the prepared clean water is not less than 99.5%, the bacteria removal rate is not less than 99.9%, and the clean water meets the drinking water standard.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a device for obtaining clean water by utilizing solar energy based on functional materials, belonging to the technical field of functional material application.
Background
In human production and life, the effective acquisition of safe and clean water resources is very important. The seawater and the river and lake water are heated and distilled to obtain the drinkable pure water. But the direct heating by a heat source or the electric heating mode can cause great energy waste. Solar energy is a green energy source, and many materials can absorb solar energy and convert the solar energy into heat, so that the solar energy can be used for heating the materials, and further distilling water. Although many advanced functional materials have been used to absorb solar energy to produce hot distilled water, the current production of water under sunlight exposure is limited and can be influenced by weather factors.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a device for obtaining clean water by utilizing solar energy based on a functional material, which improves the structure of the existing device for producing clean water by utilizing solar energy, combines the device for obtaining clean water by utilizing solar energy with the functional material, and improves the production efficiency of the clean water by utilizing the characteristics of the functional material.
The invention provides a device for acquiring clean water by utilizing solar energy based on functional materials, which comprises a transparent shell, a foam bottom plate, an inner partition plate, a solar cell panel, an electric storage device, an electrode, the functional materials and a water absorption hose; the transparent shell is a sealed container, and the top of the sealed container is inclined; the water absorption hose is arranged at the lower part of the foam bottom plate, the water absorption hose and the foam bottom plate are connected into a whole, the inner partition plate is relatively fixed with the bottom plate of the sealed container, and a water storage tank is formed between the inner partition plate and the shell and used for collecting condensed clean water; the electrode is arranged on the foam bottom plate of the sealed container, and the functional material is arranged on the electrode; the solar cell panel and the accumulator are arranged on the foam bottom plate, the accumulator is connected with the solar cell panel, and the solar cell panel is connected with the electrode through a lead.
In the device, the functional material is a graphene composite structure material, graphene foam or carbon nanotube paper.
The device for obtaining clean water by utilizing solar energy based on functional materials has the advantages that:
according to the device for obtaining clean water by solar energy, the water guide hose is arranged on the foam bottom plate, the water absorption cotton is arranged in the water guide hose, the inner partition plate is fixed relative to the bottom plate of the sealed container, and the water storage tank is formed between the inner partition plate and the shell and used for collecting condensed clean water. The bottom plate is a foam bottom plate, so that the device can float on the surface of rivers and seawater, and the middle low-lying part is provided with the electrodes and the solar water cleaning material. The solar cell panel and the accumulator are arranged on a bottom plate of the sealed container, and the solar cell panel and the accumulator are connected with the electrodes through leads. The device for obtaining clean water by solar energy is combined with the solar water cleaning material, so that the photo-thermal and electric heating properties of the material can be combined, compared with a device which only uses photo-thermal or electric heat, the device has higher water yield, and can obtain all-weather clean water. The ion removal rate of the prepared clean water is not less than 99.5%, the bacteria removal rate is not less than 99.9%, and the clean water meets the drinking water standard.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a device for obtaining clean water by using solar energy based on functional materials, wherein in fig. 1, 1 is a transparent shell, 2 is a solar cell panel, 3 is a foam bottom plate, 4 is an inner partition plate, 5 is an electrode, 6 is a water absorption hose, 7 is a functional material, 8 is a water storage tank, and 9 is an electrical storage device.
Fig. 2 is a perspective view of the device of the present invention.
FIG. 3 shows 1 kW. m-2The water evaporation rate curve under the sunlight irradiation.
FIG. 4 is a graph showing ion removal rates of five kinds of ions in the cleaning water obtained in the water storage tank.
In fig. 1 and 2, 1 is a transparent casing, 2 is a solar panel, 3 is a foam bottom plate, 4 is an inner partition plate, 5 is an electrode, 6 is a water absorption hose, 7 is a functional material, 8 is a water storage tank, and 9 is an electrical storage device.
Detailed Description
The device for acquiring clean water by utilizing solar energy based on functional materials is structurally shown in figures 1 and 2, and comprises a transparent shell 1, a foam bottom plate 3, an inner partition plate 4, a solar cell panel 2, an electric storage device 9, electrodes 5, functional materials 7 and a water absorption hose 6. The transparent casing 1 is a sealed container, and the top of the sealed container is inclined. The water absorption hose 6 is arranged at the lower part of the foam bottom plate 3, the water absorption hose 6 and the foam bottom plate 3 are connected into a whole, the inner partition plate 4 is relatively fixed with the foam bottom plate 3 of the sealed container, and a water storage tank 8 is formed between the inner partition plate 4 and the transparent shell 1 and used for collecting condensed cleaning water. The electrode 5 is placed on the foam base plate 3 of the sealed container and the functional material 7 is placed on the electrode 5. The solar electrode plate 2 and the accumulator 9 are arranged on the foam bottom plate 3, the accumulator 9 is connected with the solar electrode plate 2, and the solar electrode plate 2 is connected with the electrode 2 through a lead.
The functional material used in the device can be a graphene composite structure material, graphene foam or carbon nanotube paper. The graphene composite structure material is provided by Qinghua university, the graphene foam is provided by Beijing university of Rich technology, and the carbon nanotube paper can be purchased from chemical engineering material stores.
The invention will now be described with reference to specific examples, which are intended to be illustrative only and not to be limiting in any way.
Example 1
1. The graphene composite structure material is placed on the foam bottom plate 3 as a solar water cleaning material, the bottom of the foam bottom plate is in contact with the water guide hose 6, and the edge of the foam bottom plate is in contact with the electrodes 5 on the two sides. The graphene composite structure material has a double-layer structure, the upper layer is of a gel structure, and the graphene composite structure material has good photo-thermal conversion capability; the lower layer is of a membrane structure and has good electric-heat conversion capability.
2. The device with the solar water cleaning material installed is subjected to solar water evaporation and condensation collection tests, and under the condition of sunlight (utilizing a solar simulator CEL-HXF300 from a gold source in Beijing), the evaporation rate of water in the device is 2.61 kg-m-2·h-1As shown in FIG. 3, the amount of water collected in the water tank by condensation was 2.31kg · m-2·h-1。
3. The light source was turned off after 12 hours of exposure to a sun light. In a dark environment, using the stored electrical energy in the accumulator 9, the water evaporation rate in the device is 1.23kg m-2·h-1The water amount collected in the water tank by condensation is 1.03 kg.m-2·h-1；
4. Seawater (south seawater) desalination test represents five important ions (Na) in the collected water+、Mg2+、Ca2+、K+And B3+) Removal rate>99.5% (inductively coupled plasma spectrometer ICPE-9820, shimadzu, japan), as shown in fig. 4;
5. bacterial number test characterization: after colony culture is carried out on the collected water, no colony can be detected, and the bacteria removal rate is more than 99.9%;
the water collected by the device meets the salinity standard of drinking water regulated by the world health organization and the American environmental protection agency.
Example 2
1. A graphene foam is placed on a foam bottom plate as a solar water cleaning material, the bottom of the graphene foam is in contact with a water guide hose, and the edge of the graphene foam is in contact with an electrode.
2. The apparatus with the mounted material was subjected to solar water evaporation and condensation collection tests, and the evaporation rate of water in the apparatus was 2.26kg m under a sunlight (solar simulator CEL-HXF300, a gold source in Beijing)-2·h-1Condensed in a water tank for collectionThe water collection amount is 2.02 kg.m-2·h-1.
3. The light source was turned off after 12 hours of exposure to a sun light. In a dark environment, using the stored electrical energy in an electrical storage device, the rate of evaporation of water in the device is 1.15kg m-2·h-1The amount of water collected by condensation in the water tank was 0.89kg · m-2·h-1。
4. Seawater (south seawater) desalination test represents five important ions (Na) in the collected water+、Mg2+、Ca2+、K+And B3+) Removal rate>99.5% (inductively coupled plasma spectrometer ICPE-9820, Shimadzu, Japan);
5. bacterial number test characterization: after colony culture is carried out on the collected water, no colony can be detected, and the bacteria removal rate is more than 99.9%;
the water collected by the device meets the salinity standard of drinking water regulated by the world health organization and the American environmental protection agency.
Example 3
1. Placing a carbon nanotube paper as solar water cleaning material on the bottom plate, wherein the bottom of the carbon nanotube paper is in contact with the water guide hose, and the edge of the carbon nanotube paper is in contact with the electrode.
2. The apparatus with the mounted material was subjected to solar water evaporation and condensation collection tests, and the evaporation rate of water in the apparatus was 2.15kg · m under a sunlight (solar simulator CEL-HXF300, beijing zhongzhijin source)-2·h-1The water amount collected in the water tank by condensation is 1.96 kg.m-2·h-1.
3. The light source was turned off after 12 hours of exposure to a sun light. In a dark environment, using the stored electrical energy in an electrical storage device, the rate of evaporation of water in the device is 1.08kg m-2·h-1The amount of water collected by condensation in the water tank was 0.76kg · m-2·h-1。
4. Seawater (south seawater) desalination test represents five important ions (Na) in the collected water+、Mg2+、Ca2+、K+And B3+) Removal rate>99.5% (inductively coupled plasma spectrometer ICPE-9820, Shimadzu, Japan);
5. bacterial number test characterization: after colony culture is carried out on the collected water, no colony can be detected, and the bacteria removal rate is more than 99.9%;
the water collected by the device meets the salinity standard of drinking water regulated by the world health organization and the American environmental protection agency.
Claims (1)
1. A device for obtaining clean water by utilizing solar energy based on functional materials is characterized by comprising a transparent shell, a foam bottom plate, an inner partition plate, a solar cell panel, an electric storage device, an electrode, carbon nanotube paper and a water absorption hose; the transparent shell is a sealed container, and the top of the sealed container is inclined; the water absorption hose is arranged at the lower part of the foam bottom plate, the water absorption hose and the foam bottom plate are connected into a whole, the inner partition plate is relatively fixed with the bottom plate of the sealed container, and a water storage tank is formed between the inner partition plate and the shell and used for collecting condensed clean water; the electrode is arranged on a foam bottom plate of the sealed container, and the carbon nanotube paper is arranged on the electrode; the solar cell panel and the accumulator are arranged on the foam bottom plate, the accumulator is connected with the solar cell panel, and the solar cell panel is connected with the electrode through a lead.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201810075910.4A CN108383190B (en) | 2018-01-26 | 2018-01-26 | Device for obtaining clean water by utilizing solar energy based on functional material |
| PCT/CN2018/112561 WO2019144665A1 (en) | 2018-01-26 | 2018-10-30 | Device for obtaining clean water by using solar energy based on functional material |
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| CN201810075910.4A CN108383190B (en) | 2018-01-26 | 2018-01-26 | Device for obtaining clean water by utilizing solar energy based on functional material |
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| CN108383190A CN108383190A (en) | 2018-08-10 |
| CN108383190B true CN108383190B (en) | 2020-12-01 |
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| CN108383190B (en) * | 2018-01-26 | 2020-12-01 | 清华大学 | Device for obtaining clean water by utilizing solar energy based on functional material |
| CN109354091A (en) * | 2018-12-06 | 2019-02-19 | 张权岳 | A kind of float type is from driving desalination plant and preparation method thereof |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN201395522Y (en) * | 2009-05-01 | 2010-02-03 | 李辉 | Practical solar water purifier |
| CN107338642A (en) * | 2017-06-16 | 2017-11-10 | 江南大学 | A kind of functionalization non-woven cloth desalinization material and its preparation method and application |
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| JP2010064045A (en) * | 2008-09-12 | 2010-03-25 | Kanagawa Acad Of Sci & Technol | Hybrid type water purifying apparatus and water purifying method using the same |
| CN103769072B (en) * | 2012-10-18 | 2015-12-16 | 湘潭大学 | Titania nanotube-carbon composite and its production and use |
| CN103708577A (en) * | 2013-12-23 | 2014-04-09 | 江苏大学 | Comprehensive utilization system of concentrating solar photovoltaic generation and water purification |
| US20160344077A1 (en) * | 2014-04-17 | 2016-11-24 | Farouk Dakhil | Solar desalination and power generation plant |
| US20150353385A1 (en) * | 2014-06-09 | 2015-12-10 | King Abdullah University Of Science And Technology | Hydrophobic photothermal membranes, devices including the hydrophobic photothermal membranes, and methods for solar desalination |
| CN107619079A (en) * | 2016-07-14 | 2018-01-23 | 香港理工大学深圳研究院 | A kind of solar energy purification system and its process for purifying water |
| CN108383190B (en) * | 2018-01-26 | 2020-12-01 | 清华大学 | Device for obtaining clean water by utilizing solar energy based on functional material |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN201395522Y (en) * | 2009-05-01 | 2010-02-03 | 李辉 | Practical solar water purifier |
| CN107338642A (en) * | 2017-06-16 | 2017-11-10 | 江南大学 | A kind of functionalization non-woven cloth desalinization material and its preparation method and application |
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| WO2019144665A1 (en) | 2019-08-01 |
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