CN108378450A - A kind of perception of blast accident and risk profile early warning Intelligent fire-fighting helmet implementation method - Google Patents

A kind of perception of blast accident and risk profile early warning Intelligent fire-fighting helmet implementation method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN108378450A
CN108378450A CN201810191027.1A CN201810191027A CN108378450A CN 108378450 A CN108378450 A CN 108378450A CN 201810191027 A CN201810191027 A CN 201810191027A CN 108378450 A CN108378450 A CN 108378450A
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fire
data
risk
temperature
module
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CN108378450B (en
Inventor
刘晅亚
陈彦菲
宋晓峰
黄建建
张英豪
陈晔
李晶晶
朱红亚
于年灏
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Tianjin Fire Fighting Institute Ministry of Public Security
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Tianjin Fire Fighting Institute Ministry of Public Security
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A42—HEADWEAR
    • A42B—HATS; HEAD COVERINGS
    • A42B3/00—Helmets; Helmet covers ; Other protective head coverings
    • A42B3/04—Parts, details or accessories of helmets
    • A42B3/18—Face protection devices
    • A42B3/20—Face guards, e.g. for ice hockey
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A42—HEADWEAR
    • A42B—HATS; HEAD COVERINGS
    • A42B3/00—Helmets; Helmet covers ; Other protective head coverings
    • A42B3/04—Parts, details or accessories of helmets
    • A42B3/0406—Accessories for helmets
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A42—HEADWEAR
    • A42B—HATS; HEAD COVERINGS
    • A42B3/00—Helmets; Helmet covers ; Other protective head coverings
    • A42B3/04—Parts, details or accessories of helmets
    • A42B3/0406—Accessories for helmets
    • A42B3/0433—Detecting, signalling or lighting devices
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A42—HEADWEAR
    • A42B—HATS; HEAD COVERINGS
    • A42B3/00—Helmets; Helmet covers ; Other protective head coverings
    • A42B3/04—Parts, details or accessories of helmets
    • A42B3/0406—Accessories for helmets
    • A42B3/0433—Detecting, signalling or lighting devices
    • A42B3/046—Means for detecting hazards or accidents
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A42—HEADWEAR
    • A42B—HATS; HEAD COVERINGS
    • A42B3/00—Helmets; Helmet covers ; Other protective head coverings
    • A42B3/04—Parts, details or accessories of helmets
    • A42B3/06—Impact-absorbing shells, e.g. of crash helmets
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A42—HEADWEAR
    • A42B—HATS; HEAD COVERINGS
    • A42B3/00—Helmets; Helmet covers ; Other protective head coverings
    • A42B3/04—Parts, details or accessories of helmets
    • A42B3/30—Mounting radio sets or communication systems
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
    • G02B27/01—Head-up displays
    • G02B27/017—Head mounted
    • G02B27/0172—Head mounted characterised by optical features
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
    • G08B21/00—Alarms responsive to a single specified undesired or abnormal condition and not otherwise provided for
    • G08B21/02—Alarms for ensuring the safety of persons
    • G08B21/12—Alarms for ensuring the safety of persons responsive to undesired emission of substances, e.g. pollution alarms
    • G08B21/14—Toxic gas alarms
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
    • G08B21/00—Alarms responsive to a single specified undesired or abnormal condition and not otherwise provided for
    • G08B21/02—Alarms for ensuring the safety of persons
    • G08B21/12—Alarms for ensuring the safety of persons responsive to undesired emission of substances, e.g. pollution alarms
    • G08B21/16—Combustible gas alarms

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Toxicology (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
  • Emergency Management (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Alarm Systems (AREA)

Abstract

The present invention relates to a kind of perception of blast accident and risk profile early warning Intelligent fire-fighting helmet implementation method, including the nearly eye display module of fire helmet, remote combustible gas probe, thermal imaging photographing module, wear-type, position indicator, data communication transmission module, embedded core board, earphone, base station, Fire Command Center.Fireman's location technology is combined by the present invention with Building Information Model, outdoor scene thermal imagery information, and information projection and displaying are carried out by the nearly eye display module of wear-type, can be that fireman shows its real-time position in building, fire dangerous and its risk to environment is predicted in real time.When entering circumstances not known place for fireman, potential fire explosion risk can quickly and effectively be predicted, and pass through advanced video and thermal imaging, indoor positioning and communication transfer technology, quick sensing and information communication of the fireman to fire incident scene can be achieved, to improve fireman's fire fighting and rescue scientific level and ability.

Description

A kind of perception of blast accident and risk profile early warning Intelligent fire-fighting helmet implementation method
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of perception of blast accident and risk profile early warning Intelligent fire-fighting helmet implementation method, are used for fire-fighting Member's fire reconnaissance, fire rescue scene explosion accident risk profile and early warning can be that fireman's fire fighting and rescue site safety is disposed Decision provides support or operation center understands scene of a fire situation in depth, carries out science decision commander and provides support.
Background technology
Fireman enter space carry out fire fighting and rescue during, often due to scene of a fire information grasp it is unclear, it is right The fire explosion accident risk understanding that may wherein occur is insufficient so that fireman bears huge during fire fighting and rescue Risk.In building or restricted clearance fire fighting and rescue case, also have occurred a lot of since fireman enters unknown space rashly The secondary detonation occurred leads to the accident of fireman's injures and deaths.At present in terms of Intelligent fire-fighting helmet, the prior art and product are often The equipment such as thermal imaging, detection of gas alarm, communication intercommunication are integrated with, but its detection of gas mostly uses air suction type gas detector, Mainly to the detection analysis of the gas concentration of fireman position, the environment to fireman's remote position also cannot achieve It is detected, fireman can not be made to grasp fire field environment and building facilities layout and relevant information rapidly, it can not be to environment fire Risk of explosion carries out prediction and early warning, cannot achieve the comprehensive intelligent analysis to scene of the accident fire information and judges, and offsets Anti- member carries out visual scene of a fire information and accident risk early warning is shown and the functions such as fireman's rescue path navigation guide.
Invention content
In view of the situation of the prior art, the present invention provides a kind of perception of blast accident and risk profile early warning intelligent fire Helmet implementation method and application method, the present invention is by fireman's location technology and Building Information Model（BIM）, outdoor scene thermal imagery information It is combined, and information projection and displaying is carried out by the nearly eye display module of wear-type, can be that fireman shows it in building Real-time position fires dangerous and its risk to environment and is predicted in real time.
When the present invention enters circumstances not known place for fireman, potential fire explosion risk can be carried out quick It is effectively predicted, and by advanced video and thermal imaging, indoor positioning and communication transfer technology, it can be achieved that fireman is to fire The quick sensing and information communication of the calamity scene of the accident, to improve fireman's fire fighting and rescue scientific level and ability, this hair Bright is a kind of Intelligent fire-fighting helmet having Intellisense and accident risk prediction warning function.
To achieve the above object, used technical solution is the present invention：A kind of blast accident perception is pre- with risk profile Alert Intelligent fire-fighting helmet, including fire helmet, remote combustible gas probe, thermal imaging photographing module, the nearly eye of wear-type are aobvious Show module, position indicator, data communication transmission module, embedded core board, earphone, base station, Fire Command Center；
The fire helmet includes helmet cap shell, cap hoop, hat holder, buffer layer, mask and tippet；The lower end of helmet cap shell is cap The lower end of support, hat holder is tippet, and the front end of helmet cap shell is mask, and cap hoop and buffer layer are respectively equipped in helmet cap shell, It is characterized in that：The helmet cap shell inner face is equipped with one layer of cellular buffer layer of silica gel, and buffer layer is arranged in the cellular damping of silica gel Below layer, two earphones are symmetrically arranged on the two side in helmet cap shell, the nearly eye display module of the wear-type It is arranged in the side of mask inner face, the remote combustible gas probe, thermal imaging photographing module, position indicator, data communication Transmission module and embedded core board are separately positioned on helmet cap shell inner top surface, the camera lens of thermal imaging photographing module and at a distance may be used The sensor of combustion gas bulk detector, which is stretched out respectively outside helmet cap shell, to be arranged in the front of helmet cap shell；
The embedded core board by CPU, MIPI interface, USB interface I, USB interface II, SDIO interfaces, serial communication interface and SD card forms, and CPU is connect with MIPI interfaces, USB interface I, USB interface II, SDIO interfaces and serial communication interface respectively, SD Card insertion enters in SDIO interfaces；
The data communication transmission module is made of wireless processor CPU, radio-frequency module, built-in aerial, radio-frequency module respectively with Wireless processor CPU is connected with built-in aerial；
The thermal imaging photographing module is made of camera chip, video module, thermal imaging sensor, camera chip respectively with video Module is connected with thermal imaging sensor；
The remote combustible gas probe is made of laser/infrared-gas detecting module and the connection of interface chip I；
The nearly eye display module of the wear-type is made of LCOS modules, display chip, prism, display chip respectively with LCOS modules It is connected with prism；
The position indicator is made of gyroscope, wireless module, interface chip II, gyroscope and wireless module respectively with interface chip II connection；
Circuit is connected as, and the display chip of the MIPI interfaces eye display module close with wear-type of embedded core board is connect, and USB connects Mouthful I connect with the wireless processor CPU of data communication transmission module, USB interface II and serial communication interface respectively with thermal imaging The camera chip of photographing module connects, and serial communication interface is visited with the interface chip of position indicator II, remote fuel gas respectively Survey device interface chip I connect, data communication transmission module by built-in aerial send or receive base station signal, base station with disappear Anti- command centre's connection；
Remote combustible gas probe is no less than 30m models by the way that laser/infrared-gas detecting module is detectable apart from fireman Enclose interior combustible hazardous gas concentration；
Thermal imaging photographing module passes through video module, thermal imaging sensor detection and rescue environment and its article temperature distribution situation；
The nearly eye display module of wear-type by realtime graphic, thermal imagery, BIM information, personnel location information and fires risk by prism Warning information projects human eye retina；
Position indicator is determining and transmits fireman present position information；
Data communication transmission module is communicated by base station with Fire Command Center realization；
Embedded core board is realized to combustable gas concentration data, thermal imaging temperature data and personnel location information, blast accident The integrated treatment and transmission of risk profile and warning information.
A kind of perception of blast accident and risk profile early warning Intelligent fire-fighting helmet implementation method, it is characterised in that：
Fire helmet is worn on the head of fire fighters, hat holder fixes face, and the cap hoop in helmet cap shell is according to the head size of people Adjustable elasticity, the cellular buffer layer of silica gel reduce external force and are produced to helmet impacts to protective helmet wear one member head The raw impact force to wear one member head, buffer layer further increase the comfort for wearing the helmet and safety, helmet cap shell The earphone of interior both sides is placed on two ears of fireman, and the headset being connect with earphone is placed in the front of fire fighters mouth, and mask is worn Security protection is provided in the front of fire fighters face, the nearly eye display module of wear-type of mask inner face is arranged in fire fighters eyes The neck of fire fighters is protected in front upper place, piggyback by tippet hasp, tippet；
Before fire fighters enter rescue building, Fire Command Center is given BIM information model data are built by network transmission The embedded core board of fire helmet, embedded core board by BIM data by SDIO interfaces there are in SD card, to reduce fire-fighting war Scholar enters after building through the data volume of network transmission, improves field data real-time exchange response speed；
Position indicator sends location information data to embedded core board by serial communication interface timing, and embedded core board receives Location information is sent to Fire Command Center, base station root by the built-in aerial of data communication transmission module through base station after data According to BIM, that is, Building Information Model of location data and building, in conjunction with the harmful of the position of fire fighters, directional information and front end Detection of gas data and thermal imaging data, show the degree of danger of each region, and by embedded in a manner of three-dimensional map The nearly eye display module of core board, wear-type shows, meanwhile, base station sends information to Fire Command Center, Fire Command Center Control terminal computer calls building BIM information, and generation includes that buildings model information, the scene of the accident fire and dangerous be distributed and disappear The three-dimensional map of anti-member's location information content shows in command centre and is shown on screen；
When needing navigation, fire fighters can carry out voice communication with Fire Command Center, and Fire Command Center can be with It assists fire fighter to set rescue destination and selects optimization rescue planning path, while Fire Command Center is guidance path Information is sent to embedded core board by base station and data communication transmission module, and embedded core board calls SD card storage BIM information generates three-dimensional map, and marks guidance path, and being sent to the nearly eye display module of wear-type by MIPI interfaces shows；
The gas or combustible vapor concentration of the remote combustible gas probe real-time detection rescue scene of the accident, can visit at a distance The gas classification of survey includes methane, propane, ethylene, ethyl alcohol or the inflammable and explosive hazardous gases of CO；
Remote combustible gas probe is embedding by serial communication interface Fa send Give by the hazardous gas concentration data of real-time detection Entering formula core board, the concentration data of the gas received and environment thermal-image data are carried out confluence analysis by embedded core board CPU, Risk computation model and method progress fast prediction assessment are fired using pre-set, calculate analysis corresponding region fires wind Dangerous grade, risk level and the danger early warning prompt of the quasi- blast accident occurred into region are provided for fireman, and are passed through The mode of color lump mark carries out projection by the nearly eye display module of wear-type and shows, fire fighters are it can be seen that the region temperature shown Degree, flammable explosive gas component and concentration distribution, blast accident risk class and early warning content；
Risk computation model and method are fired using pre-set, to the hazardous gas concentration and ambient temperature data acquired It is analyzed, calculates the value-at-risk of search coverage, as value-at-risk R<When 1, it is safety zone, is identified with green；As 2 ＞ of value-at-risk When R >=1, prompts for IV and fire Risk-warning, region is identified with blue；As 3 ＞ R >=2 of value-at-risk, prompts for III and fire risk Early warning, region are identified with yellow；As 4 ＞ R >=3 of value-at-risk, II Risk-warning is prompted for, region is with orange mark；Work as risk When value R >=4, I grade of Risk-warning is prompted for, region is identified with peony；Base station according to the hazardous gas concentration of collection in worksite and Environment thermal imagery, temperature information data are calculated the real-time Risk Results of live different zones, and are marked off after analysis is calculated Danger zone and safety zone beam back embedded core board, and shown by the nearly eye display module of wear-type, fire fighters energy Enough see the content that different zones risk is shown, meanwhile, embedded core board is image, temperature and hazardous gas concentration data It is sent to Fire Command Center through base station by the built-in aerial of data communication transmission module, Fire Command Center is visited according to scene Measured data can make related rescue to risk analysis result and dispose decision, and commanding and decision-making instruction is returned to embedded core in real time Plate, and projection is carried out by the nearly eye display module of wear-type and is shown；
The image scene for being superimposed temperature data and temperature data are sent to embedded core board by thermal imaging photographing module, and USB connects The video data that the video that port transmission has camera chip to synthesize is superimposed with temperature data, video data use H.264 standard compression, Serial communication interface transmits the temperature dot array data that thermal imaging sensor obtains, and the CPU of embedded core board receives video data Decoding is shown to the nearly eye display module of wear-type afterwards, and fire fighters can therefrom understand environment temperature distribution situation, embedded core Combustible gas detecting data, thermal imaging data and the fire fighters location information that core is collected, pass through data communication transmission module It is transferred to command centre through base station radio；
Base station can be with the collected data of each fireman of centralized displaying, the number arrived by deep learning Algorithm Analysis front-end collection According to for Fire Command Center and the use of front end fire fighters decision.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows：The present invention provides one kind at fire incident scene, has Intellisense, information communication The Intelligent fire-fighting helmet of processing and visual display function, flammable, the poisonous and harmful gas that can be adjusted the distance within the scope of 30 meters of fireman Body is detected, fast prediction scene of the accident explosion accident risk, and can carry out Risk-warning prompt, belongs to integrated digital Intelligent individual soldier's equipment.
The present invention using laser/infrared spectrum gas concentration detector, thermal imaging photographing module, indoor Gyro position indicator, The nearly eye microdisplay module of wear-type and wireless networking information communication transmission technology, it is integrated to disappear applied to full shield type or face mask type In the anti-helmet, can be fireman in fire incident scene, to it is flammable in fire field environment temperature, environmental information position, the scene of a fire, have The information such as malicious harmful gas concentration, scene of the accident explosion accident risk carry out Intellisense with judge, to for fireman into Before entering unknown fire field environment, its fire risk and the risk that explosion accident occurs adequately are grasped, are also thing Therefore live fire fighting and rescue commander provides the foundation of scene of a fire real time information and rescue command decision.The helmet, which meets GA44 correlations, to be wanted It asks, has and interconnect with fire fighting and rescue scene fire fighting command car, live fire-fighting command instruction, rescue can be provided for fireman Site environment geography information, building BIM information, while can be according to scene of the accident environment temperature, periphery combustable gas concentration point The measurement and analysis of cloth provide the prediction and warning judgement to scene of the accident fire, explosion accident risk, to be fireman's safety Scientific and effective sue and labour provides multiple information data support.
Present invention combination BIM and position indicator show on the Intelligent fire-fighting helmet that fire fighters are worn and are presently in position Building Information Model include position where corresponding establishment, and plan all possible paths between current location and destination With optimal path of traversal, so that fire fighters make best selection and judgement at the scene.
（1）, using laser/infrared spectrum detection technology, realize dense to fuel gas, toxic and harmful gas within the scope of 30m The detection of degree determines the quasi- risk into the secondary blast accident of generation in region, and carries out effective early warning.
（2）, using endangering risk quantification grade（1-5 grades）Fast prediction is assessed, and is carried out on the video image of the scene of a fire different The mode of color lump mark carries out early warning prompting by wearing nearly eye display module and voice reminder, fireman is prompted to pay attention to rescuing The risk of blast accident occurs for the scene of helping, and fireman may make to be capable of the degree of danger in rapid evaluation region.
（3）, using virtual image shadow casting technique, the support of wireless communication transmission technology and central server, realize to building Build projection imaging of the region BIM information in faceplate so that fireman can more preferably understand the detailed of present position building Information, and can be that fireman carries out rescue progress navigation directions.
（4）, by the combination of virtual image shadow casting technique and thermal imaging, using the pattern displaying scene of augmented reality The profiling temperatures in each region.
（5）, combined with visualized algorithm of the central platform based on deep learning by graphic images, can image retouch The safety zone and danger zone of scene of fire are stated, temperature danger classes is divided.
（6）, in conjunction with different combustable gas concentrations, gas ignition temperature and thermal imaging temperature data, divide comprehensive danger etc. Grade.
（7）, integrate multiple fireman's data by central platform, form comprehensive condition and analyze data, and be sent to each The virtual image optical projection system of fireman so that fireman can understand the real-time overall condition in scene of fire.
（8）, combined with BIM data by fireman's indoor positioning data, can be commanded in a manner of indoor navigation map Front end fireman executes command centre's order.
（9）, helmet internal layer buffer layer using silica gel cellular shock-damping structure design, it is strong to effectively improve Intelligent fire-fighting helmet Degree, and reduce fireman's helmet weight.
The present invention as fireman's integrated digital individual soldier's equipment, can be widely applied to the disposition of fireman's fire fighting and rescue with Aid decision is commanded.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural diagram of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of the cellular buffer layer of silica gel of helmet cap shell inner face of the present invention setting；
Fig. 3 is that the circuit of the present invention connects block diagram；
Fig. 4 is blast accident risk analysis and the flow for displaying figure of the present invention；
Fig. 5 is intelligent helmet data call flow for displaying figure；
Fig. 6 is the detection of gas process chart of the present invention；
Fig. 7 is the graphic images flow for displaying figure of the present invention；
Fig. 8 is the Model fitting curve that the present invention fires risk analysis environment temperature danger RT；
Fig. 9 is the Model fitting curve graph for firing risk analysis heat radiation danger RH of the present invention.
Specific implementation mode
As shown in Figures 1 to 7, a kind of blast accident perception and risk profile early warning Intelligent fire-fighting helmet, including fire-fighting head The nearly eye display module 4 of helmet 1, remote combustible gas probe 2, thermal imaging photographing module 3, wear-type, position indicator 5, data are logical Interrogate transmission module 6, embedded core board 7, earphone 8, base station 9, Fire Command Center 10.
Fire helmet 1 includes helmet cap shell 1-1, cap hoop 1-2, hat holder 1-3, buffer layer 1-4, mask 1-5 and tippet 1-6.
The lower end of helmet cap shell 1-1 is hat holder 1-3, and the lower end of hat holder 1-3 is tippet 1-6, and the front end of helmet cap shell 1-1 is Mask 1-5 is equipped with cap hoop 1-2 in helmet cap shell 1-1, and one layer of cellular buffer layer of silica gel is bonded in helmet cap shell 1-1 inner faces 1-7 is equipped with one layer of buffer layer 1-4 below the cellular buffer layer 1-7 of one layer of silica gel, and by two earphones 8, symmetrically setting exists On two side in helmet cap shell 1-1, the nearly eye display module of wear-type 4 is arranged in the side of mask 1-5 inner faces, remote flammable Gas detector 2, thermal imaging photographing module 3, position indicator 5, data communication transmission module 6 and embedded core board 7 are respectively set In helmet cap shell 1-1 inner top surfaces, the sensor of the camera lens of thermal imaging photographing module 3 and remote combustible gas probe 2 is distinguished It stretches out outside helmet cap shell 1-1 and is arranged in the front of helmet cap shell 1-1.
Embedded core board 7 is by CPU, MIPI interface, USB interface I, USB interface II, SDIO interfaces, serial communication interface It being formed with SD card, CPU is connect with MIPI interfaces, USB interface I, USB interface II, SDIO interfaces and serial communication interface respectively, SD card is inserted into SDIO interfaces.
Data communication transmission module 6 is made of wireless processor CPU, radio-frequency module, built-in aerial, radio-frequency module respectively with Wireless processor CPU is connected with built-in aerial.
Thermal imaging photographing module 3 is made of camera chip, video module, thermal imaging sensor, camera chip respectively with regarding Frequency module is connected with thermal imaging sensor.
Remote combustible gas probe 2 is made of laser/infrared-gas detecting module and the connection of interface chip I.
The nearly eye display module of wear-type 4 is made of LCOS modules, display chip, prism, display chip respectively with LCOS moulds Block is connected with prism.
Position indicator 5 is made of gyroscope, wireless module, interface chip II, gyroscope and wireless module respectively with interface core Piece II connects.
Circuit is connected as, and the display chip of close with the wear-type eye display module of the MIPI interfaces of embedded core board 74 connects It connects, USB interface I is connect with the wireless processor CPU of data communication transmission module 6, USB interface II and serial communication interface difference Connect with the camera chip of thermal imaging photographing module 3, serial communication interface respectively with the interface chip of position indicator 5 II, remote The interface chip I of combustible gas probe 2 connects, and data communication transmission module 6 is sent or received base station 9 by built-in aerial Signal, base station 9 are connect with Fire Command Center 10.
Remote combustible gas probe 2 is no less than by laser/infrared-gas detecting module 3 is detectable apart from fireman Combustible hazardous gas concentration within the scope of 30m.
Thermal imaging photographing module 3 is distributed by video module, thermal imaging sensor detection and rescue environment and its article temperature Situation.
The nearly eye display module 4 of wear-type by realtime graphic, thermal imagery, BIM information, personnel location information and is fired by prism Risk-warning information projection is to human eye retina.
Position indicator 5 determines and transmits fireman present position information.
Data communication transmission module 6 is communicated by base station 9 with the realization of Fire Command Center 10.
Embedded core board 7 is realized to combustable gas concentration data, thermal imaging temperature data and personnel location information, is fired The integrated treatment and transmission of accident risk prediction and warning information.
A kind of perception of blast accident and risk profile early warning Intelligent fire-fighting helmet implementation method are as follows：
Fire helmet 1 is worn on the head of fire fighters, hat holder 1-3 fixes face, and the cap hoop 1-2 in helmet cap shell 1-1 is according to people Head size can adjust elasticity, the cellular buffer layer 1-7 of silica gel reduces external force pair to protective helmet wear one member head To the impact force on wear one member head caused by helmet impacts, buffer layer 1-4 further increases the comfort that people wears the helmet And safety, the earphone 8 of both sides is placed on two ears of fireman in helmet cap shell 1-1, and the headset 8-1 being connect with earphone 8 is placed in The front of fire fighters mouth, the front that mask 1-5 is worn on fire fighters face provide security protection, and mask 1-5 inner faces are worn The nearly eye display module 4 of formula is arranged in fire fighters eyes front upper place, piggyback by tippet 1-6 hasps, tippet 1-6 protection fire-fighting wars The neck of scholar.
Before fire fighters enter rescue building, Fire Command Center 10 passes through network by BIM information model data are built Be transferred to 1 embedded core board 7 of fire helmet, embedded core board 7 by BIM data by SDIO interfaces there are in SD card, with It reduces fire fighters to enter after building through the data volume of network transmission, improves field data real-time exchange response speed.
Position indicator 5 sends location information data to embedded core board 7, embedded core by serial communication interface timing Plate 7 is sent to location information in fire-fighting command through base station 9 by the built-in aerial of data communication transmission module 6 after receiving data The heart 10, base station 9 is according to BIM, that is, Building Information Model of location data and building, position, directional information in conjunction with fire fighters And the pernicious gas detection data and thermal imaging data of front end, the degree of danger of each region is shown in a manner of three-dimensional map, And shown by embedded core board 7, the nearly eye display module 4 of wear-type, meanwhile, base station 9 is sent information in fire-fighting command The heart 10, it includes that buildings model information, accident are existing that 10 control terminal computer of Fire Command Center, which calls building BIM information, generation, Field fires the three-dimensional map of the contents such as dangerous distribution and firefighter locator's information, shows in command centre and is shown on screen.
When needing navigation, fire fighters can carry out voice communication with Fire Command Center 10, in fire-fighting command The heart 10 can assist fire fighter to set rescue destination and select optimization rescue planning path, while Fire Command Center 10 Navigation route information is sent to embedded core board 7 by base station 9 and data communication transmission module 6, embedded core board 7 is adjusted The BIM information stored with SD card generates three-dimensional map, and marks guidance path, and the nearly eye of wear-type is sent to by MIPI interfaces Display module 4 is shown.
The gas or combustible vapor concentration of the remote combustible gas probe 2 real-time detection rescue scene of the accident, Neng Gouyuan The gas classification of distance measurement includes the inflammable and explosive hazardous gas such as methane, propane, ethylene, ethyl alcohol or CO.
Remote combustible gas probe 2 sends the hazardous gas concentration data of real-time detection by serial communication interface The embedded core boards 7 of Give, 7 CPU of embedded core board carry out the concentration data of the gas received with environment thermal-image data whole Analysis is closed, fires risk computation model and method using pre-set, calculate analysis corresponding region fires risk class, is Fireman provides risk level and the danger early warning prompt of the quasi- blast accident occurred into region, and marked by color lump Mode carries out projection by the nearly eye display module of wear-type 4 and shows, fire fighters are it can be seen that the regional temperature of display, inflammable and explosive Gas composition and concentration distribution, blast accident risk class and early warning content.
Risk computation model and method are fired using pre-set, to the hazardous gas concentration and environment temperature acquired Data are analyzed, and the value-at-risk of search coverage is calculated, as value-at-risk R<When 1, it is safety zone, is identified with green；Work as risk When 2 ＞ R >=1 of value, prompts for IV and fire Risk-warning, region is identified with blue；As 3 ＞ R >=2 of value-at-risk, III combustion is prompted for Quick-fried Risk-warning, region are identified with yellow；As 4 ＞ R >=3 of value-at-risk, II Risk-warning is prompted for, region is with orange mark； As value-at-risk R >=4, I grade of Risk-warning is prompted for, region is identified with peony；Base station 9 is according to the hazardous gas of collection in worksite The real-time Risk Results of live different zones are calculated in concentration and environment thermal imagery, temperature information data, and will be after analysis calculating Embedded core board 7 is beamed back in the danger zone and safety zone marked off, and is shown by the nearly eye display module 4 of wear-type, disappears Anti- soldier it can be seen that the content that different zones risk is shown, meanwhile, embedded core board 7 is image, temperature and dangerous gas Bulk concentration data are sent to Fire Command Center 10, fire-fighting command by the built-in aerial of data communication transmission module 6 through base station 9 Center 10 can make related rescue to risk analysis result according to in-situ measurement data and dispose decision, and commanding and decision-making is instructed in fact When return to embedded core board 7, and projection is carried out by the nearly eye display module of wear-type 4 and is shown.
The image scene for being superimposed temperature data and temperature data are sent to embedded core board 7 by thermal imaging photographing module 3, The video data that the video that USB interface transmission has camera chip to synthesize is superimposed with temperature data, video data use H.264 standard Compression, serial communication interface transmit the temperature dot array data that thermal imaging sensor obtains, and the CPU of embedded core board 7, which is received, to be regarded Frequency decoding after is shown to the nearly eye display module 4 of wear-type, and fire fighters can therefrom understand environment temperature distribution situation, embedding Combustible gas detecting data, thermal imaging data and the fire fighters location information for entering the collection of formula core board 7, are passed by data communication Defeated module 6 radios to command centre through base station 9, and base station 9 can be passed through with the collected data of each fireman of centralized displaying The data that deep learning Algorithm Analysis front-end collection arrives are used for Fire Command Center 10 and front end fire fighters decision.
It fires risk class and determines that method is as follows：
The scene of the accident fires risk possibility mainly from the accident, personnel are exposed to frequent degree in hazardous environment, hair Make trouble thus may caused by consequence angle, COMPREHENSIVE CALCULATING, respectively with threshold value comparison, so that it is determined that flammable in related construction area Tri- kinds of gas concentration C, temperature T, heat radiation H Factors on Human bodies are influenced, and assign different score values, then are multiplied with three score values, Determine the Hazard rank in the region.
It is as follows that incident area fires risk class computation model formula：
R=f(C0,T,H)=Max(RC,RT,RH) ×K
=MaxQUOTE
In formula：
RC is combustable gas concentration danger numerical value, dimensionless number, RC=C0/（LEL25*0.25）；
RC= C0/（LEL25*0.25）Indicate the possibility for occurring that fire explosion occurs because of combustable gas concentration.
Explosion limit is the general name of lower explosion limit and upper explosion limit, and the aerial concentration of fuel gas is only under explosion It can just explode between limit and upper explosion limit, when carrying out risk of explosion early warning at present with explosion gas concentration, warning concentration one As be set in the 25% or less of lower explosion limit LEL；
C0For fuel gas volumetric concentration.
LEL25It indicates flammable gas explosion lower limit under normal temperature and pressure, can be known by consulting physicochemical property；
RT be temperature danger numerical value, dimensionless number, RT=| 0.7063e0.0152*T-1|*K1*K2；
RT =| 0.7063e0.0152*T-1|（T≥0℃）It indicates because high ambient temperature, flue-gas temperature, thermal convection current are to the opposite of human body Value-at-risk, high temperature may make up threat to rescue personnel's life in accident environment, the hot-air that flame generates can cause human body burn, Heat collapse, dehydration, unsmooth breath.
About flue-gas temperature to body effect, comprehensive existing document shows：Temperature is more than 45 degree, can influence human normal think of Peacekeeping behavior；At 60 ~ 65 degree, personnel can endure a period of time, and evacuation behavior is unaffected；After 95 degree, skin tolerance Sharp temperature drop；Human body existence limiting atmosphere temperature is 130 degree, is more than this temperature, blood pressure can be made to decline, capillary is broken It is bad, it is serious cranial nerve maincenter to be caused to destroy and dead so that blood cannot recycle；According to GB14200-2008《High temperature is made Industry is classified》Standard define, in productive labor by 25 degree or more operational definitions be high-temperature operation, therefore can set 25 degree as human body compared with Comfort conditions, 60 degree are secure threshold, and 130 degree are highest risk threshold value；Human body can take action the long period in low temperature, high temperature action Time is shorter；Therefore RT is combined to define, it is taken using exponential function（25,0）、（60,1）、（130,4）It carries out curve fitting, obtains Fig. 8 Environment temperature danger RT Model fitting curves, while with（95,2）It is verified as auxiliary magnet, passes through fitting song Line, the regional temperature numerical value of corresponding thermal imaging acquisition can quick temperature dangerous values RT.
Firefighters are by certain fire fighting and rescue training and wear protective garment, and high temperature resistance can obtain to a certain degree To promotion, life threat caused by reduce high temperature；With reference to ICI Mond processes, requirement of the Dow Chemical about penalty coefficient, definition K1 is protecting factor, if rescue personnel wears normal armor, coefficient 0.90；Wear fireman's fire extinguishing clothes, its general fire resisting Temperature is coefficient 0.67 within 200 degree；Generally in 800-1000 degree or so, coefficient is its refractory temperature of high-temperature protective clothes 0.2；It is training coefficient to define K2, if fire-fighting and rescue personnel training is always or usually as specified, is experienced, coefficient 0.95.
T is environment temperature；
K1 is protecting factor；
K2 is personnel training coefficient；
RH is heat radiation danger numerical value, dimensionless number, RH=0.1571*H+0.0952；
RH=0.1571*H+0.0952 indicates the irreversible damage caused by caloradiance is human body.It is ground according to pertinent literature Study carefully, environment thermal radiation flux reaches 37.5 KW/m2, 100% dead after 1% personnel death, 1min in personnel 10s；Reach 25 KW/ m2, 100% dead after burn, 1min in personnel 10s；Reach 12.5 KW/m2, 1% dead after slight wound, 1min in personnel 10s；Reach 6.3KW/m2, personnel can stop 1min when radiationless shielding measure；Reach 4 KW/m2, 20s or more feels pains；Therefore use 5 KW/m2As secure threshold, 25 as highest risk critical values use linear relationship with（0、0）、（5、1）、（25,4）March Line is fitted, and is obtained the Model fitting curve of Fig. 9 heat radiation danger RH, is passed through hot spoke in measuring environment using the matched curve It penetrates flux and just can determine ambient heat radiation danger property numerical value, formula is as RH=1 after fitting, H=5.63, and personnel are non-life-threatening.
H is thermal radiation flux in environment, KW/m2；
K is to influence coefficient, indicates influence of the temperature for the explosion gas limit；
Explosion limit test usually carries out at standard temperature and pressure, and in actual application, explosion limit it is easy by Initial temperature and pressure influence, general its pressure of detection environment is essentially identical to normal pressure state, therefore emphasis considers initial temperature pair Combustible gas explosion limit influences, i.e. COEFFICIENT K.
Since original ambient temperature can influence chemical reaction velocity, therefore influence of the temperature for explosion limit its universal law To be increased with temperature, lower explosion limit reduces, and upper explosion limit increases, under the general context explosion provided according to Zabetakis et al. The correction formula of limit：
LEL（T）=[1-0.000721 (T-25)]*LEL25
Simplify and defines Temperature affection factor：
K=1/[1-0.000721*(T-25)]；
Max is to take big function；
Risk class divides, and is judged according to integrated risk score R；
Process is established according to RC, RH, RT function, personnel face mortality risk when independent risk value takes 4, independent risk value takes 0 When personnel be in be perfectly safe, the influence due to temperature, heat radiation, the fuel gas limit for personnel risk exists parallel, therefore It is maximized according to risk numerical value height；
If R >=4, I grades of red early warnings, personnel face height mortality risk；
If 4 ＞ R >=3, II orange warning, personnel face moderate mortality risk；
If 3 ＞ R >=2, III yellow early warning, personnel face slight mortality risk；
If 2 ＞ R >=1, IV blue early warning, personnel are potential in the environment for a long time to face mortality risk；
If 1 ＞ R, green safe state, personnel are for a long time in the environment without mortality risk.
BIM data implementation methods are as follows：
BIM data related procedures are divided into BIM flow chart of data processing and intelligent helmet data call flow for displaying, and BIM data need It anticipates, because：
(1) BIM data include the details of building, and the complete BIM data of a general building are in hundreds of G or so, in this way The data of rank need a large amount of processing time in fire fighters into fashionable directly invoke.
(2) the storage standard IFC standards of BIM data are a framework standard, and each family has the refinement format of oneself, So needing to call when being uniformly processed to need.
Fire department is as needed, can establish urban architecture fire-fighting BIM databases, includes mainly that building unit model is believed The contents such as breath, fire fighting device data information.
When fire fighters enter fire incident scene, building BIM data can be shown on Intelligent fire-fighting helmet；Specific stream Journey is as follows：
The first step, command centre's BIM processing servers download the special BIM data of fire-fighting in building from fire-fighting BIM databases.
Bis- Walk, command centre staff demarcate fire location according to alarm indication coordinate.
After third step, fire fighters enter, intelligent helmet is connected to BIM netscape messaging server Netscapes by base station, and will disappear Anti- soldier current location is sent to BIM netscape messaging server Netscapes.
4th step, BIM netscape messaging server Netscapes are according to the location informations of fire fighters, by the arrow of treated position Quantify BIM data,（Generally tens K bytes are to hundreds of K bytes）, Intelligent fire-fighting helmet, intelligent fire are sent to by base station Data are shown to the nearly eye display module of wear-type 4 and shown by the vector data interpretive program that the helmet includes；The BIM data packets of transmission Include following information：
A) information of the architecture information of the current locations and periphery fire fighting device；
B) mark of fire locations；
C) safety traffic space paths of the from current location to destination；
D) optimal paths of the to periphery fire fighting device.
5th step, fire fighters movement after, more new location information to BIM netscape messaging server Netscapes, jump to third walk.
6th step, fire fighters find that fire behavior and mark are not inconsistent, and can pass through speech talkback and command centre staff It links up, jumps to second step.
The process flow of laser/infrared-gas detecting module is as follows：
Laser/infrared-gas detecting module can long-range detection gas concentration, the range that can be detected is not less than 30 meters, embedded Formula core board passes through the gas concentration detection for calling the function of laser/infrared-gas detecting module to realize to ambient enviroment, tool Body flow is as follows：
The first step, embedded core board 7 send instructions to laser/infrared-gas detecting module by serial communication interface, it is desirable that Laser/infrared-gas detecting module starts gas detection function.
Bis- Walk, laser/infrared-gas detecting module start the gas composition around detection and concentration, logical after the completion of detection It crosses serial communication interface and sends result of detection to embedded core board 7.
After third step, embedded core board 7 receive data, according to the agreement that both sides arrange, data is parsed, each gas is obtained The concentration of body.
Tetra- Walk, embedded core board 7 obtain danger etc. by being calculated with the preset concentration danger classes table of comparisons Grade.
If the 5th step, danger classes are greater than the set value, alarmed by sound eye display module close with wear-type.
6th step continues to detect if necessary, then jumps to the first step.
Thermal imaging photographing module implementation method is as follows：
The first step, embedded core board 7 start thermal imaging photographing module 3 by USB interface II.
Peripheral temperature and image are obtained by thermal imaging sensor after bis- Walk, the startup of thermal imaging photographing module 3, and will figure As being processed into the image for meeting fire-fighting temperature labeled standards.
The USB that third step, thermal imaging photographing module send data to embedded core board 7 by USB interface II drives.
Tetra- Walk, application call Android MediaPlayer plug-in units from USB driving transmit data to video card Driving.
5th step, video driver send data to the nearly eye display module of wear-type 4 by chip hardware and MIPI interfaces.
The nearly eye display module of 6th step, wear-type 4 shows graphic images by prism.

Claims (6)

1. a kind of blast accident perception and risk profile early warning Intelligent fire-fighting helmet, including fire helmet（1）, remote combustible gas Bulk detector（2）, thermal imaging photographing module（3）, the nearly eye display module of wear-type（4）, position indicator（5）, data communication transmit mould Block（6）, embedded core board（7）, earphone（8）, base station（9）, Fire Command Center（10）；
The fire helmet（1）Including helmet cap shell（1-1）, cap hoop（1-2）, hat holder（1-3）, buffer layer（1-4）, mask（1- 5）And tippet（1-6）；Helmet cap shell（1-1）Lower end be hat holder（1-3）, hat holder（1-3）Lower end be tippet（1-6）, the helmet Cap shell（1-1）Front end be mask（1-5）, in helmet cap shell（1-1）Inside it is respectively equipped with cap hoop（1-2）And buffer layer（1-4）, It is characterized in that：The helmet cap shell（1-1）Inner face is equipped with one layer of cellular buffer layer of silica gel（1-7）, buffer layer（1-4）Setting exists The cellular buffer layer of silica gel（1-7）Below, two earphones（8）It is symmetrical to be arranged in helmet cap shell（1-1）Interior both sides On wall, the nearly eye display module of the wear-type（4）It is arranged in mask（1-5）The side of inner face, the remote fuel gas are visited Survey device（2）, thermal imaging photographing module（3）, position indicator（5）, data communication transmission module（6）With embedded core board（7）Respectively It is arranged in helmet cap shell（1-1）Inner top surface, thermal imaging photographing module（3）Camera lens and remote combustible gas probe（2）'s Sensor stretches out helmet cap shell respectively（1-1）It is outer to be arranged in helmet cap shell（1-1）Front；
The embedded core board（7）It is connect by CPU, MIPI interface, USB interface I, USB interface II, SDIO interfaces, serial communication Mouth and SD card composition, CPU are connect with MIPI interfaces, USB interface I, USB interface II, SDIO interfaces and serial communication interface respectively, SD card is inserted into SDIO interfaces；
The data communication transmission module（6）It is made of wireless processor CPU, radio-frequency module, built-in aerial, radio-frequency module difference It is connect with wireless processor CPU and built-in aerial；
The thermal imaging photographing module（3）Be made of camera chip, video module, thermal imaging sensor, camera chip respectively with Video module is connected with thermal imaging sensor；
The remote combustible gas probe（2）It is made of laser/infrared-gas detecting module and the connection of interface chip I；
The nearly eye display module of the wear-type（4）Be made of LCOS modules, display chip, prism, display chip respectively with LCOS Module is connected with prism；
The position indicator（5）Be made of gyroscope, wireless module, interface chip II, gyroscope and wireless module respectively with interface Chip II connects；
Circuit is connected as, embedded core board（7）MIPI interfaces eye display module close with wear-type（4）Display chip connect It connects, USB interface I and data communication transmission module（6）Wireless processor CPU connections, USB interface II and serial communication interface point Not with thermal imaging photographing module（3）Camera chip connection, serial communication interface respectively with position indicator（5）Interface chip II, Remote combustible gas probe（2）Interface chip I connect, data communication transmission module（6）By built-in aerial send or Receive base station（9）Signal, base station（9）With Fire Command Center（10）Connection；
Remote combustible gas probe（2）Pass through laser/infrared-gas detecting module（3）It is detectable to be no less than apart from fireman Combustible hazardous gas concentration within the scope of 30m；
Thermal imaging photographing module（3）It is distributed feelings by video module, thermal imaging sensor detection and rescue environment and its article temperature Condition；
The nearly eye display module of wear-type（4）By realtime graphic, thermal imagery, BIM information, personnel location information and wind is fired by prism Dangerous warning information projects human eye retina；
Position indicator（5）It determines and transmits fireman present position information；
Data communication transmission module（6）Pass through base station（9）With Fire Command Center（10）Realize communication；
Embedded core board（7）It realizes to combustable gas concentration data, thermal imaging temperature data and personnel location information, fire thing Therefore the integrated treatment and transmission of risk profile and warning information.
2. a kind of using blast accident described in claim 1 perception and risk profile early warning Intelligent fire-fighting helmet implementation method, It is characterized in that：
By fire helmet（1）It is worn on the head of fire fighters, hat holder（1-3）Fixed face, helmet cap shell（1-1）Interior cap hoop（1- 2）Elasticity, the cellular buffer layer of silica gel are can adjust according to the head size of people（1-7）To protective helmet wear one member head, Reduce external force to caused by helmet impacts to the impact force on wear one member head, buffer layer（1-4）Further increase wearing head The comfort of helmet and safety, helmet cap shell（1-1）The earphone of interior both sides（8）It is placed on two ears of fireman, with earphone（8）Even The headset connect（8-1）It is placed in the front of fire fighters mouth, mask（1-5）The front offer safety for being worn on fire fighters face is anti- Shield, mask（1-5）The nearly eye display module of wear-type of inner face（4）It is arranged in fire fighters eyes front upper place, by tippet（1-6）It takes It detains piggyback, tippet（1-6）Protect the neck of fire fighters；
Before fire fighters enter rescue building, Fire Command Center（10）Building BIM information model data are passed by network It is defeated by fire helmet（1）Embedded core board（7）, embedded core board（7）By BIM data, by SDIO interfaces, there are SD cards In, entered after building through the data volume of network transmission with reducing fire fighters, improves field data real-time exchange response speed；
Position indicator（5）Location information data are sent to embedded core board by serial communication interface timing（7）, embedded core Plate（7）Location information is passed through data communication transmission module after reception data（6）Built-in aerial through base station（9）It is sent to fire-fighting Command centre（10）, base station（9）According to BIM, that is, Building Information Model of location data and building, in conjunction with the position of fire fighters It sets, the pernicious gas detection data and thermal imaging data of directional information and front end, each region is shown in a manner of three-dimensional map Degree of danger, and pass through embedded core board（7）, the nearly eye display module of wear-type（4）It has been shown that, meanwhile, base station（9）By information It is sent to Fire Command Center（10）, Fire Command Center（10）Control terminal computer, which calls, builds BIM information, and generation includes Buildings model information, the scene of the accident fire the three-dimensional map of dangerous distribution and firefighter locator's information content, in command centre It is shown on display screen；
When needing navigation, fire fighters can be with Fire Command Center（10）Carry out voice communication, Fire Command Center （10）Fire fighter can be assisted to set rescue destination and select optimization rescue planning path, while Fire Command Center （10）Navigation route information is passed through base station（9）With data communication transmission module（6）It is sent to embedded core board（7）, embedded Formula core board（7）The BIM information of SD card storage is called, three-dimensional map is generated, and mark guidance path, is sent by MIPI interfaces To the nearly eye display module of wear-type（4）Display；
Remote combustible gas probe（2）The gas or combustible vapor concentration of the scene of the accident are rescued in real-time detection, being capable of long distance Gas classification from detection includes methane, propane, ethylene, ethyl alcohol or the inflammable and explosive hazardous gases of CO；
Remote combustible gas probe（2）The hazardous gas concentration data of real-time detection is passed through into serial communication interface Fa send Give Embedded core board（7）, embedded core board（7）CPU carries out the concentration data of the gas received and environment thermal-image data Confluence analysis fires risk computation model and method progress fast prediction assessment using pre-set, calculates analysis respective area Domain fires risk class, provides the risk level of the quasi- blast accident occurred into region for fireman and danger early warning carries Show, and by the nearly eye display module of wear-type by way of color lump mark（4）It carries out projection to show, fire fighters are it can be seen that aobvious Regional temperature, flammable explosive gas component and concentration distribution, blast accident risk class and the early warning content shown；
Risk computation model and method are fired using pre-set, to the hazardous gas concentration and ambient temperature data acquired It is analyzed, calculates the value-at-risk of search coverage, as value-at-risk R<When 1, it is safety zone, is identified with green；As 2 ＞ of value-at-risk When R >=1, prompts for IV and fire Risk-warning, region is identified with blue；As 3 ＞ R >=2 of value-at-risk, prompts for III and fire risk Early warning, region are identified with yellow；As 4 ＞ R >=3 of value-at-risk, II Risk-warning is prompted for, region is with orange mark；Work as risk When value R >=4, I grade of Risk-warning is prompted for, region is identified with peony；Base station（9）According to the hazardous gas concentration of collection in worksite With environment thermal imagery, temperature information data, the real-time Risk Results of live different zones are calculated, and divided after analysis is calculated Embedded core board is beamed back in the danger zone and safety zone gone out（7）, and pass through the nearly eye display module of wear-type（4）It has been shown that, disappears Anti- soldier it can be seen that the content that different zones risk is shown, meanwhile, embedded core board（7）Image, temperature and danger Gas concentration data pass through data communication transmission module（6）Built-in aerial through base station（9）It is sent to Fire Command Center（10）, Fire Command Center（10）Related rescue can be made to risk analysis result according to in-situ measurement data and dispose decision, and will commander Decision instruction returns to embedded core board in real time（7）, and pass through the nearly eye display module of wear-type（4）Projection is carried out to show；
Thermal imaging photographing module（3）The image scene for being superimposed temperature data and temperature data are sent to embedded core board（7）, The video data that the video that USB interface transmission has camera chip to synthesize is superimposed with temperature data, video data use H.264 standard Compression, serial communication interface transmit the temperature dot array data that thermal imaging sensor obtains, embedded core board（7）CPU receive Decoding is shown to the nearly eye display module of wear-type after video data（4）, fire fighters can therefrom understand environment temperature distribution feelings Condition, embedded core board（7）Combustible gas detecting data, thermal imaging data and the fire fighters location information of collection, pass through number According to communication transmission module（6）Through base station（9）Radio to command centre；
Base station（9）It can be arrived by deep learning Algorithm Analysis front-end collection with the collected data of each fireman of centralized displaying Data, for Fire Command Center（10）It is used with front end fire fighters decision.
3. a kind of blast accident perception according to claim 2 and risk profile early warning Intelligent fire-fighting helmet implementation method, It is characterized in that：It fires risk class and determines that method is as follows：
The scene of the accident fires risk possibility mainly from the accident, personnel are exposed to frequent degree in hazardous environment, hair Make trouble thus may caused by consequence angle, COMPREHENSIVE CALCULATING, respectively with threshold value comparison, so that it is determined that flammable in related construction area Tri- kinds of gas concentration C, temperature T, heat radiation H Factors on Human bodies are influenced, and assign different score values, then are multiplied with three score values, Determine the Hazard rank in the region, it is as follows that incident area fires risk class computation model formula：
R=f(C0,T,H)=Max(RC,RT,RH) ×K
=MaxQUOTE
In formula：
RC is combustable gas concentration danger numerical value, dimensionless number, RC=C0/（LEL25*0.25）；
RC= C0/（LEL25*0.25）Indicate the possibility for occurring that fire explosion occurs because of combustable gas concentration；
Explosion limit is the general name of lower explosion limit and upper explosion limit, the aerial concentration of fuel gas only in lower explosion limit and It can just explode between upper explosion limit, when carrying out risk of explosion early warning at present with explosion gas concentration, warning concentration is generally set It is scheduled on the 25% or less of lower explosion limit LEL；
C0For fuel gas volumetric concentration；
LEL25It indicates flammable gas explosion lower limit under normal temperature and pressure, can be known by consulting physicochemical property；
RT be temperature danger numerical value, dimensionless number, RT=| 0.7063e0.0152*T-1|*K1*K2；
RT =| 0.7063e0.0152*T-1|（T≥0℃）It indicates because high ambient temperature, flue-gas temperature, thermal convection current are to the opposite wind of human body Danger value, high temperature may make up threat to rescue personnel's life in accident environment, and the hot-air that flame generates can cause human body burn, heat Collapse, dehydration, unsmooth breath；
About flue-gas temperature to body effect, comprehensive existing document shows：Temperature is more than 45 degree, can influence human normal thinking and Behavior；At 60 ~ 65 degree, personnel can endure a period of time, and evacuation behavior is unaffected；After 95 degree, skin tolerable temperature Drastically decline；Human body existence limiting atmosphere temperature is 130 degree, is more than this temperature, blood pressure can be made to decline, capillary damage, with Cause blood cannot recycle, it is serious can cause cranial nerve maincenter destroy and it is dead；According to GB14200-2008《High-temperature operation point Grade》Standard define, in productive labor by 25 degree or more operational definitions be high-temperature operation, therefore can set 25 degree it is relatively comfortable as human body State, 60 degree are secure threshold, and 130 degree are highest risk threshold value；Human body can take action the long period in low temperature, and high temperature is taken action the time It is shorter；Therefore RC is combined to define, it is carried out curve fitting and is taken using exponential function（25,0）、（60,1）、（130,4）It is quasi- to carry out curve It closes, while with（95,2）It is verified as auxiliary magnet, by the matched curve, the regional temperature number of corresponding thermal imaging acquisition Value, can quick temperature dangerous values RT；
Firefighters are by certain fire fighting and rescue training and wear protective garment, and high temperature resistance can be carried to a certain degree It rises, to reduce high temperature life threat caused by fireman；Reference ICI Mond processes, requirement of the Dow Chemical about penalty coefficient, Definition K1 is protecting factor, if rescue personnel wears normal armor, coefficient 0.90；Fireman is worn to put out a fire clothes, it is general its Refractory temperature is coefficient 0.67 within 200 degree；Its refractory temperature of high-temperature protective clothes is generally in 800-1000 degree or so, coefficient It is 0.2；It is training coefficient to define K2, if fire-fighting and rescue personnel training is always or usually as specified, is experienced, coefficient 0.95；
T is environment temperature；
K1 is protecting factor；
K2 is personnel training coefficient；
RH is heat radiation danger numerical value, dimensionless number, RH=0.1571*H+0.0952；
RH=0.1571*H+0.0952 indicates the irreversible damage caused by caloradiance is human body；It is ground according to pertinent literature Study carefully, environment thermal radiation flux reaches 37.5 KW/m2, 100% dead after 1% personnel death, 1min in personnel 10s；Reach 25 KW/ m2, 100% dead after burn, 1min in personnel 10s；Reach 12.5 KW/m2, 1% dead after slight wound, 1min in personnel 10s；Reach 6.3KW/m2, personnel can stop 1min when radiationless shielding measure；Reach 4 KW/m2, 20s or more feels pains；Therefore use 5 KW/m2As secure threshold, 25 as highest risk critical values use linear relationship with（0、0）、（5、1）、（25,4）March Line is fitted, and environment heat radiation danger property numerical value is determined that by thermal radiation flux in measuring environment using the matched curve, after fitting Formula is as RH=1, H=5.63, and personnel are non-life-threatening；
H is thermal radiation flux in environment, KW/m2；
K is to influence coefficient, indicates influence of the temperature for the explosion gas limit；
Explosion limit test usually carries out at standard temperature and pressure, and in actual application, explosion limit it is easy by Initial temperature and pressure influence, general its pressure of detection environment is equal to normal pressure state, therefore emphasis considers initial temperature to flammable Gas explosion limit influences, i.e. COEFFICIENT K；
Since original ambient temperature can influence chemical reaction velocity, thus influence of the temperature for explosion limit its universal law be with Temperature increases, and lower explosion limit reduces, and upper explosion limit increases, according to Zabetakis et al. general context lower explosion limit provided Correction formula：
LEL（T）=[1-0.000721 (T-25)]*LEL25
Simplify and defines Temperature affection factor：
K=1/[1-0.000721*(T-25)]；
Max is to take big function；
Risk class divides, and is judged according to integrated risk score R；
Process is established according to RC, RH, RT function, personnel face mortality risk when independent risk value takes 4, independent risk value takes 0 When personnel be in be perfectly safe, the influence due to temperature, heat radiation, the fuel gas limit for personnel risk exists parallel, therefore It is maximized according to risk numerical value height；
If R >=4, I grades of red early warnings, personnel face height mortality risk；
If 4 ＞ R >=3, II orange warning, personnel face moderate mortality risk；
If 3 ＞ R >=2, III yellow early warning, personnel face slight mortality risk；
If 2 ＞ R >=1, IV blue early warning, personnel are potential in the environment for a long time to face mortality risk；
If 1 ＞ R, green safe state, personnel are for a long time in the environment without mortality risk.
4. a kind of blast accident perception according to claim 2 and risk profile early warning Intelligent fire-fighting helmet implementation method, It is characterized in that, BIM data implementation methods are as follows：
BIM data related procedures are divided into BIM flow chart of data processing and intelligent helmet data call flow for displaying, and BIM data need It anticipates, because：
(1) BIM data include the details of building, and the complete BIM data of a general building are in hundreds of G or so, in this way The data of rank need a large amount of processing time in fire fighters into fashionable directly invoke；
(2) the storage standard IFC standards of BIM data are a framework standard, and each family has the refinement format of oneself, so It is called when needing to be uniformly processed to need；
Fire department is as needed, establishes urban architecture fire-fighting BIM databases, includes mainly building unit model information, fire-fighting The facility data information content；
When fire fighters enter fire incident scene, building BIM data can be shown on Intelligent fire-fighting helmet；Detailed process is such as Under：
The first step, command centre's BIM netscape messaging server Netscapes download the special BIM data of fire-fighting in building from fire-fighting BIM databases；
Bis- Walk, command centre staff demarcate fire location according to alarm indication coordinate；
After third step, fire fighters enter, intelligent helmet is connected to BIM netscape messaging server Netscapes by base station, and fire-fighting is fought Scholar current location is sent to BIM netscape messaging server Netscapes；
4th step, BIM netscape messaging server Netscapes are according to the location informations of fire fighters, by the vector quantization of treated position BIM data, generally tens K bytes are sent to Intelligent fire-fighting helmet to hundreds of K bytes, by base station, in Intelligent fire-fighting helmet Data are shown to the nearly eye display module of wear-type by the vector data interpretive program contained（4）Display；The BIM data of transmission include with Lower information：
A) information of the architecture information of the current locations and periphery fire fighting device；
B) mark of fire locations；
C) safety traffic space paths of the from current location to destination；
D) optimal paths of the to periphery fire fighting device；
5th step, fire fighters movement after, more new location information to BIM netscape messaging server Netscapes, jump to third walk；
6th step, fire fighters find that fire behavior and mark are not inconsistent, and can be linked up by speech talkback and command centre staff, Jump to second step.
5. a kind of blast accident perception according to claim 2 and risk profile early warning Intelligent fire-fighting helmet implementation method, It is characterized in that, the process flow of laser/infrared-gas detecting module is as follows：
Laser/infrared-gas detecting module can long-range detection gas concentration, the range that can be detected is not less than 30 meters, embedded Formula core board passes through the gas concentration detection for calling the function of laser/infrared-gas detecting module to realize to ambient enviroment, tool Body flow is as follows：
The first step, embedded core board（7）Laser/infrared-gas detecting module is sent instructions to by serial communication interface, Laser/infrared-gas detecting module is asked to start gas detection function；
Bis- Walk, laser/infrared-gas detecting module start the gas composition around detection and concentration, pass through string after the completion of detection Row communication interface sends result of detection to embedded core board（7）；
Third step, embedded core board（7）After receiving data, according to the agreement that both sides arrange, data is parsed, each gas is obtained Concentration；
Tetra- Walk, embedded core board（7）By being calculated with the preset concentration danger classes table of comparisons, danger etc. is obtained Grade；
If the 5th step, danger classes are greater than the set value, alarmed by sound eye display module close with wear-type；
6th step continues to detect if necessary, then jumps to the first step.
6. a kind of blast accident perception according to claim 2 and risk profile early warning Intelligent fire-fighting helmet implementation method, It is characterized in that, thermal imaging photographing module implementation method is as follows：
The first step, embedded core board（7）Start thermal imaging photographing module by USB interface II（3）；
Bis- Walk, thermal imaging photographing module（3）Peripheral temperature and image are obtained by thermal imaging sensor after startup, and by image It is processed into the image for meeting fire-fighting temperature labeled standards；
Third step, thermal imaging photographing module send data to embedded core board by USB interface II（7）USB driving；
Tetra- Walk, application call Android MediaPlayer plug-in units from USB driving transmit data to video driver；
5th step, video driver send data to the nearly eye display module of wear-type by chip hardware and MIPI interfaces（4）；
The nearly eye display module of 6th step, wear-type（4）Graphic images are shown by prism.
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