CN108366537A - Outdoor water planting external member, the manufacturing method of outdoor hydroponic system and plant - Google Patents
Outdoor water planting external member, the manufacturing method of outdoor hydroponic system and plant Download PDFInfo
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- CN108366537A CN108366537A CN201680072779.5A CN201680072779A CN108366537A CN 108366537 A CN108366537 A CN 108366537A CN 201680072779 A CN201680072779 A CN 201680072779A CN 108366537 A CN108366537 A CN 108366537A
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- Prior art keywords
- plant
- water
- outdoor
- water planting
- ridging
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G31/00—Soilless cultivation, e.g. hydroponics
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/20—Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions in agriculture, e.g. CO2
- Y02P60/21—Dinitrogen oxide [N2O], e.g. using aquaponics, hydroponics or efficiency measures
Abstract
The present invention technical problem be to provide it is a kind of just can be in the outdoor water planting external member of outdoor carry out water planting without using large scale equipment.Technical problem is solved by a kind of outdoor water planting external member with plant, the plant supporting member of the bearing plant, coated fertilizer and floating member, wherein, the coated fertilizer is stored in the plant storage component, nutrient is provided for the root of plant, the floating member has multiple opening portions that can removably keep the plant storage component, and floatability is on the water surface.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of water planting external member more particularly to it is a kind of for outdoor carry out water planting outdoor water planting external member with
And the outdoor hydroponic system using the external member.In addition, being related to a kind of manufacturing method of plant.
Background technology
In general, indoor progress of the water planting in steelframe booth, vinyl house, prefabricated building etc..Indoors carry out water planting be because
Nutrient solution generation concentration can be made to change because rainwater flows into cultivating container when rainfall, be required for being adjusted to nutrient solution appropriate every time
Concentration, and need the cultivated plant reasons such as being isolated with pest, rainwater.Therefore, generally water planting will not be carried out in outdoor trial,
And in the outdoor water planting scheme proposed, it is to use setting for the large and expensive for having the function of making plant to overturn
Standby (referring to patent document 1 and patent document 2).
In water planting, the cultivation of plant usually is carried out by providing nutrient solution for the root of plant, especially in work
In the case of carrying out water planting in industry, the measure for making nutrient solution recycle using pump etc. while adjusting nutrient solution concentration is taken,
Device trend becomes large-scale (with reference to patent document 3).
Existing technical literature
Patent document
Patent document 1：Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication 2012-024110 bulletins
Patent document 2：Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication 2012-249626 bulletins
Patent document 3：Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication 2013-111046 bulletins
Invention content
Problem to be solved by the invention
Although as described above, there is the scheme for carrying out water planting in outdoor trial, equipment trend becomes large and expensive.It is another
Aspect, for water planting indoors, using pump etc. come in the case of making solution recycle, once solution or plant by bacterium,
Virus pollution, then have that bacterium, virus can diffuse to the entire circulatory system, indiscriminately imitates and is applied to outdoor as former state in reality
On be impossible.In addition, can be easy to grow algae because of making nutrient solution recycle, require a high expenditure of energy to be cleaned
Deng.
On the other hand, in Japan, be forced to lie fallow there are many due to the reduction cultivated area policy of government or even
The paddy field of crop rotation.Moreover, it is contemplated that the conclusion because of TPP, rice import policy can change a lot, probably can be because of import rice
Increase caused by the price of rice drop and further generate fallow paddy field.
The present invention technical problem be, provide it is a kind of just can be in the outdoor of outdoor carry out water planting without using large scale equipment
Water planting external member.
In addition, the technical issues of other aspects of the present invention is, providing one kind just can be in room without using large scale equipment
The method for culturing seedlings of the outer nursery for carrying out plant.
The solution to the problem
The result that the inventors of the present invention are studied in order to solve the above problems is, first, to using the packet for earth culture
The case where film fertilizer, is studied.Then it is found that following situation, and proposes Japanese invention patent application 2015-
030780：Using the pallet for constituting flow path, is continued in a manner of so that water is recycled in flow path or discontinuously flow path supplies water, and
And coated fertilizer is used, thereby, it is possible in outdoor carry out water planting.
The inventors of the present invention are further studied, and are found by using following external member, as long as there is the cultivation that can be filled with water
Train slot, which can carry out outdoor water planting at, which uses a kind of floating member, the floating member have it is multiple can be removable
Dress ground keeps the opening portion of the plants such as basin storage component and floatability is in the water surface.
One embodiment of the present invention is a kind of outdoor water planting external member, is had：Plant；Plant supporting member,
Support the plant；Coated fertilizer, is configured at the plant supporting member, and nutrient is provided for the root of plant；And floating structure
Part has multiple opening portions that can removably keep the plant supporting member, and floatability is on the water surface.
Preferred embodiment is that the plant supporting member is ridging and flowerpot, ridging and mesh tank, ridging and cave
Disk or ridging and non-woven fabrics.
Preferred embodiment is that the preferably described plant supporting member is asbestos, phenol foam or polyurethane sponge.
In addition, other embodiments of the present invention are a kind of outdoor hydroponic system, there is the cultivation bed being filled with water, above-mentioned dew
Its water planting external member is swum in cultivation bed on the water surface.
In addition, other embodiments of the present invention are a kind of plant manufacturing method, including prepare the step of water planting external member
Suddenly the step on the outdoor water surface is configured and by ready water planting external member in above-mentioned steps, wherein the water planting external member has：
Plant；Plant supporting member supports the plant；Coated fertilizer is configured at the plant supporting member, is plant
Root provides nutrient；And floating member, there are multiple opening portions that can removably keep the plant supporting member, and can
It swims on the water surface.
It is preferred that in the preparation process, plant uses germinating plants.
Furthermore it is preferred that further including the steps that spraying insecticide to plant.
In addition, an embodiment of the other aspects of the present invention is a kind of method for culturing seedlings of plant, including：
In the step of sowing plant seed on plant holding member；
In a manner of it can provide nutrient for the root of plant after plant germination, coated fertilizer configuration is being planted
Step on object holder or in plant holding member；
The plant holding member is placed in the step on floating member；And
Make step of the floating member floats for being placed with plant holding member on the sink water surface.
Furthermore it is preferred that embodiment is：The plant holding member is ridging and the ridging is kept by hole tray, also excellent
The embodiment is selected to be：The plant holding member is the holding structure of the solid-like selected from asbestos, phenol foam, polyurethane sponge
Part.
In addition, the floating member preferred embodiment is：The plant holding member is directly or via nursery
Case loads, and the mounting surface of floating member has the opening portion for providing moisture for plant, it is also preferred that floating member
Opening portion be rectangle, the floating member opening portion be roughly circular.Moreover, further preferably embodiment is：With adjustment
The step of opening portion area of the floating member.
Furthermore it is preferred that the plant is selected from the group for including vegetables, foliage plant and flowers, further preferably embodiment
For：Nursery is not carried out without using vinyl house and/or indoors, further preferably embodiment is：It does not contain actually and supports in sink
Point.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the schematic front view for the embodiment for indicating the outdoor water planting external member of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the schematic front view for the embodiment for indicating the outdoor water planting external member of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the schematic front view for the embodiment for indicating the outdoor water planting external member of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is the embodiment (outdoor hydroponic system) for indicating the outdoor water planting external member of the present invention being used for cultivation bed
Schematic front view.
Fig. 5 is to indicate to implement with the component of the plant method for culturing seedlings of the other aspects for present invention configuration relevant one
The concept map of mode.
Fig. 6 is the sectional view for the embodiment for indicating plant holding member.
Fig. 7 is the sectional view for the embodiment for indicating plant holding member.
Fig. 8 is (a) vertical view and (b) front view for the embodiment for indicating floating member.
Fig. 9 is the vertical view for the embodiment for indicating floating member.
Figure 10 is the schematic diagram for the embodiment for indicating floating member.
Figure 11 is the schematic diagram for the embodiment for indicating hole tray.
Specific implementation mode
Hereinafter, the present invention is specifically described using attached drawing, but the present invention is not limited to content described below,
Not changing can arbitrarily change in the range of its purport and implement the present invention.
In addition, the attached drawing for explanation is the figure for schematically showing the water planting apparatus of the present invention, in order to sharpen understanding
And carried out part emphasize, amplify, reduce or omit, do not indicate correctly sometimes each member of formation engineer's scale,
Shape etc..Moreover, the various numerical value used in the explanation for having used attached drawing to carry out are to indicate an exemplary numerical value, energy
It is enough to make various changes as needed.
The outdoor water planting external member (open-field hydroponic kit) of embodiments of the present invention in outdoor by setting
It is placed in cultivation bed and constitutes outdoor hydroponic system.As the plant of cultivation, as long as the plant cultivated by conventional water planting
Body is just not particularly limited.It can be the various ornamental flower classes such as flower, edible flowers, can also be foliage plant class, can also be lettuce
The greengroceries (food plant) such as lettuce, tomato, spinach, husky Tianjin cuisine.
Plant supporting member possessed by outdoor water planting external member is by the structure with opening portion near bottom surface or bottom surface
Part is constituted with the material of water penetration or water imbibition, to be plant configuring the external member when on the water surface
Root supplies water.
In addition, as long as cultivation bed can be filled with water, it is not particularly limited position, size, shape, is not limited to as outdoor water planting
With and prepare cultivation bed.The paddy field in lying fallow, discarded outdoor pool, catch basin, tank etc. can be used for example, it
The preceding water storage facility prepared for other purposes is used as cultivation bed, carries out outdoor water planting.At this point, without using nutrient solution, because
This is not necessarily to consider the water cycle in cultivation bed, is not necessarily to large scale equipment.Therefore, it is possible to which the water storage facility discarded is reused in water
Training.In the case of culturing vegetable class, food shortage can be played it is prodigious contribution and can be with inexpensive supplying food.
Schematic diagram when Fig. 1 is the outdoor water planting external member 100 for being observed from the front embodiments of the present invention.
The food plants such as lettuce 101 are supported in ridging (not shown) and flowerpot 102 as plant supporting member
In.It should be noted that the flowerpot 102 of the part as plant supporting member usually has opening portion, and energy in bottom surface
Enough roots from the opening portion for food plant 101 provide moisture.
In flowerpot 102, ridging (not shown) is loaded to support food plant 101, but polyurethane sea can also be used
The replacements such as silk floss, phenol foam, asbestos earth up to support food plant 101.Furthermore it is possible to without using flowerpot and by with non-woven fabrics
Equal coverings ridging etc. is used as supporting member.
Plant supporting member is specifically earthed up and flowerpot, ridging and mesh tank, ridging and hole tray, asbestos and flower
Basin, phenol foam and flowerpot, polyurethane sponge and flowerpot, cotton fiber and flowerpot or ridging and non-woven fabrics.
It should be noted that by polyurethane sponge, phenol foam, asbestos etc. come the case where supporting food plant 101
Under, it can directly be kept by aftermentioned floating member without using flowerpot 102, therefore, polyurethane sponge, phenol bubble
Foam, asbestos etc. can respectively be separately formed plant supporting member.As its that can be separately formed plant supporting member in this way
Its example can enumerate cotton, non-woven fabrics, ridging etc..It is used as plant in exclusive use cotton, non-woven fabrics, ridging and supports structure
In the case of part, cotton, non-woven fabrics, ridging is preferably made to be molded and make that it includes adhesives in a manner of it can support plant
Deng to keep being molded.
The root that promising food plant 101 is configured in flowerpot 102 provides the coated fertilizer (not shown) of nutrient.Coated fertilizer
Refer to fertilizer by the fertilizer of the claddings such as resin, e.g., as disclosed in Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication 8-59382 bulletins, Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication 2008-
In No. 1550 bulletins, International Publication No. 2012/147668, it can be prepared according to the disclosure, further, since there is also
Commercial goods, therefore commercial goods can also be bought.Using coated fertilizer come in the case of developing plant, when root development is arrived
When to a certain degree, coated fertilizer can surround the root of plant, to which fertilizer efficiency is improved.
In addition, in the case of individually bearing food plant 101 such as polyurethane sponge, phenol foam, asbestos, it can also be
Coated fertilizer is stored in the plants supporting member such as polyurethane sponge, phenol foam, asbestos in advance, or can be in these plants
The side of body supporting member, the attached configuration coated fertilizer of bottom surface note.In the case of note attached coated fertilizer, it can also be covered with aftermentioned
The form progress note for having covered the fertilizer body of coated fertilizer is attached.Note subsidiary formula method is simultaneously not limited, either adhesive, can also use
The fixing pieces such as hinge.
In the present embodiment, nutrient is provided for the root of food plant using coated fertilizer, so, even if not using nutrition
Liquid (liquid fertilizer) can also carry out water planting.Therefore, without the concentration for considering the solution caused by rainwater when outdoor water planting
Variation etc., without rain-proofs facilities such as the vinyl houses that required in the past.
Allocation position of the coated fertilizer in flowerpot 102 be not special as long as it can provide nutrient for the root of food plant 101
It not limiting, still, by configuring coated fertilizer in the position for being always impregnated in water, can inhibit food plant 101 that fertilizer occurs
The case where material burn, development declining trend.Therefore, even the plant for not tolerating fertilizer is also easy to be cultivated.Specifically, it is preferable that
Stored as plant near the bottom surface of flowerpot 102 of component i.e. than the lower end of aftermentioned floating member also than the (water surface down
Side) position configure coated fertilizer.
In addition, when cultivation does not tolerate the plant of fertilizer, moreover it is possible to cover coated fertilizer using the mulch with water penetration.
It can be non-woven fabrics as water penetration mulch, can also be the paper such as thin paper.Embodiment in this way can avoid plant
The root of body is directly contacted with coated fertilizer, even to which the plant for not tolerating fertilizer is also easy to be cultivated.
Styrenic foams 103 as floating member keep food plant 101 and flowerpot 102, and swim on the water surface.
As long as the material on the water surface can be swum in, so that it may to replace styrenic foams 103, such as timber, resin can also be used
Plate etc..
Styrenic foams 103 have multiple opening portions (not shown), which can removably keep flowerpot 102.
It, can be in the shifting for example carried out as plant is developed by making the removable opening portion for being filled to styrenic foams 103 of flowerpot 102
When plant, flowerpot 102 is easily only replaced, the damage to the root of plant, pressure can be substantially mitigated.
The thickness of styrenic foams 103, the size of planar portions, the quantity of opening portion, the mutual distance in opening portion, opening portion
Size etc. be not particularly limited, it can be considered that type, the size of the size of flowerpot, aftermentioned cultivation bed of the plant cultivated
Deng and suitably set.In addition, styrenic foams 103 can abreast be configured with polylith, such as the plant each cultivated can be directed to
Object uses multiple styrenic foams 103.
Using multiple styrenic foams 103, especially when the change of the area of each styrenic foams is small, benzene
Vinyl foam is easy to disperse because of strong wind etc., and the configuration of each styrenic foams can also disperseed.It is therefore preferable that connecting multiple benzene
Vinyl foam.The method of connection is not particularly limited, and can be enumerated and directly styrenic foams is connected to each other with adhesive etc.
Method is attached by connecting elements such as hinges by method that styrenic foams are connected to each other, by band-like cable element
Method etc..It, can be by there is no the position of flowerpot 102 in each styrenic foams using band-like cable element
The hole passed through for cable element is installed, and makes band-like cable element across the hole to be attached.The shape in hole is not special
It does not limit, can be circle, ellipse, rectangle etc..In addition, the material of cable element is also not particularly limited, can be yarn, rubber
Glue, steel wire rope etc., but preferably springy material.Cable element can be used, each benzene will be set in a manner of stitching side by side
The hole of vinyl foam connects.
The thickness of styrenic foams 103 is preferably thinner than the height of flowerpot 102, it is more preferably thinner 3mm than the height of flowerpot 102 with
On, further preferred thin 5mm or more, and it is usually thinner 20mm than the height of flowerpot 102 hereinafter, it is preferred that thin 15mm or less.It is another
Aspect, without using flowerpot 102, for the sight that can stably keep the plants supporting member such as polyurethane sponge
Point, preferably should not be excessively thin.
Furthermore it is preferred that the top of flowerpot 102 is located at the top of the upper end of styrenic foams 103.If the top of flowerpot 102
It is identical as the upper end level of styrenic foams 103, sometimes, in the period of plant is smaller (Seedling Stage), the leaf of plant
Development can be brought a negative impact to which seedling can be made impaired with the contact with moisture that there may be present on styrenic foams.
It is also the same such in the case where using the plants supporting members such as polyurethane sponge without using flowerpot 102.
The top of flowerpot 102 is preferably placed at the position of the top 1mm or more of the upper end of styrenic foams 103, more preferable 3mm
More than, further preferred 5mm or more, usually 20mm is hereinafter, it is preferred that 15mm or less.
Schematic diagram when Fig. 2 is the outdoor water planting external member 200 of other embodiments of the front observation present invention.
In outdoor water planting external member 200, component is stored using mesh tank 202 as plant.Mesh tank refers in water planting
Middle replacement flowerpot is come the component used, sometimes referred to as net tank (net pot), net cup (net cup) etc..Usually by resin structure
At can also have the engaging portion that can be sticked in styrenic foams 203 in its excircle upper end or excircle midriff
202a (in figure with chain-dotted line to indicate).The engaging portion 202a of mesh tank 202 is preferably provided at the upper end of mesh tank 202 down
5mm~15mm or so (excircle midriff), so as to make the top of mesh tank be located at styrenic foams 203 upper end top.
Schematic diagram when Fig. 3 is the outdoor water planting external member 300 of other embodiments of the front observation present invention.
In outdoor water planting external member 300, component is stored using non-woven fabrics 302 as plant.Even if without using flowerpot, net
Hole tank etc. stores the container of plant, also can be by the way that plant configuration is carried out water on the non-woven fabrics with water penetration
Training.Therefore, even if non-woven fabrics can be used if in the case where being unable to get the flowerpot for being suitble to the plant to be cultivated, mesh tank
To substitute.
Fig. 4 be front observation by the outdoor water planting external member 100 of embodiment present invention as described above swim in storage in
Schematic diagram when outdoor hydroponic system 1000 on the water surface of the water in cultivation bed 110.
As long as cultivation bed 110 can be filled with water, it is not particularly limited position, size, shape.It can be used for example in lying fallow
Paddy field, discarded outdoor pool, catch basin, tank etc., the water storage facility prepared before for other purposes is used as cultivation
Slot is trained, outdoor water planting is carried out.
Even if the water in cultivation bed 110 does not contain liquid fertilizer (nutrient) actually, due to the flower of outdoor water planting external member 100
Contain coated fertilizer in basin 102, so water planting can be carried out.In this way, not using liquid fertilizer (nutrient), there is no need to consider to plant
The water cycle etc. in slot is trained, large scale equipment is not necessarily to.It should be noted that actually without containing liquid fertilizer (nutrient) refer in addition to
Make the state other than the state containing liquid fertilizer (nutrient) in water for the purpose of providing nutrition for plant, and not only refers to
The not no state of nutrient completely in water.For example, the concentration of the main component potassium of liquid fertilizer, sodium, phosphorus can be 1ppm hereinafter,
Alternatively, the concentration of all dissolved matters including these ingredients can be 50ppm or less.
Therefore, the water in cultivation bed 110 can also use the drinking water such as tap water other than underground water.
In addition, not making water recycle in the present embodiment, therefore pesticide can be used, so as to significantly improve plant
Production efficiency.
Other embodiments of the present invention are a kind of plant manufacturing methods, including prepare above-mentioned outdoor water planting external member
Step and the water planting external member is configured into step on the outdoor water surface.
As long as the outdoor water planting external member of embodiments of the present invention configures in the outdoor place for being covered with water on the water surface
Water planting can be carried out, plant can be easily manufactured.As long as being covered with the place of water, such as the water in lying fallow
Field, discarded outdoor pool, catch basin, tank etc. can also carry out outdoor water planting.
In addition, when carrying out outdoor water planting using the outdoor water planting external member of embodiments of the present invention, it both can be to plant
The seed of plant is sowed in ridging, sponge in accommodating container etc., can also use the kind after being germinateed by other methods
Son.By using the seed after being germinateed, the development of plant is consistent, and cultivation period is reduced.
The method for carrying out the germination of the seed of plant is not particularly limited.It has been known that there is earthing up on upper, polyurethane sponge
The seed of random sowing plant, and the method germinateed using earth culture or water planting.
On the other hand, the inventors of the present invention are found that obviously germinating method simpler than existing method.
Specifically, be a kind of germinating method of plant seed, have the seed of plant together with being actually free of
There is the water of nutrient to be filled in the step in closed container together and in sombre place's storage by the step of the container loaded
Suddenly.
In this way, can not use the ground such as ridging, polyurethane sponge carries out plant in extremely simple method
Germination.
In loading step, as long as the amount of the water loaded into container makes the degree that the seed whole body in container moistens
Amount.As specific water, the case where loading seed to the container in the height direction with unified sectional area
Under, the ratio between the height of seed loaded in the height and container of the water loaded in container can be 3% or more, can also be 5%
More than, on the other hand, when excessively load water when probably seed can rot, it is possible to be 30% hereinafter, can also be 20% with
Under.At this point, in order to make the ingredients from lossing of sprout inhibition and quality be waited to contain water, it is generally desirable to wash with water for several times.In addition, herein
Described " not containing nutrient actually " is identical as above-mentioned definition, refers in addition to being made for the purpose of providing nutrition for plant
State in water other than the state containing nutrient, and not only refer in water the not no state of nutrient completely.
Different according to the type of plant in the condition of sombre place's storage, preferable temperature is 4 DEG C or so.It is signified herein
" left and right " can be the variation for allowing ± 2 DEG C, can also be the variation for allowing at most ± 1 DEG C.At the moon, when daily illumination
Between be usually two hours hereinafter, it is preferred that 1 hour hereinafter, more preferable 30 minutes hereinafter, further preferred 10 minutes or less.Lower limit is simultaneously
It is unlimited.
Resting period is different according to the type of plant, typically confirms 8 one-tenth or more, preferably 9 one-tenth from range estimation
Above seed take root or germinate within 30 days, within more preferably 7 days.In addition, for ease of carrying out range estimation judgement,
It is transparent vessel to be preferred for the container loaded.
Then the other aspects of the present invention are illustrated.
The method for culturing seedlings of plant of the embodiment of the other aspects of the present invention includes：It is broadcast on plant holding member
The step of kind plant seed；In a manner of it can provide nutrient for the root of plant after plant germination, by coating
Step of the fertilizer management on plant holding member or in plant holding member；The plant holding member is placed in
Step on floating member；And make step of the floating member floats for being placed with plant holding member on the sink water surface.
The relevant embodiment of the configuration of component used in the method for culturing seedlings with plant is shown in Fig. 5.
It should be noted that carrying out nursery using artificial light is considered most efficiently, and people is utilized preferably under enclosed environment
It makes light and carries out nursery.But, the nursery implemented using the method for culturing seedlings as shown below found by the inventors of the present invention is without using big
Type equipment just can carry out the nursery of outdoor plant.
In the present embodiment, so that floating member 2 is floated on the water surface 1a of sink 1, and nursery box 3 is placed in floating structure
Part 2.Hole tray 4 made of being placed with and arranged in length and breadth by multiple cavities 4a in nursery box 3, each cavities 4a are usually filled with ridging (in Fig. 5
It is not shown).The seed that plant is sowed in the ridging carries out nursery.
Fig. 6 shows the enlarged cross-sectional view of hole tray 4.Hole tray 4 is widely used in the component of nursery, usually has in its bottom surface
Opening portion as feed water inlet 4b.Using hole tray 4, the training as plant holding member is loaded to each cavities 4a
Soil 5.The seed of plant 6 is sowed in the ridging 5 loaded to each cavities 4a.Using hole tray 4, plant is kept
Component is not limited to ridging 5, can use polyurethane, phenol foam, asbestos etc..It should be noted that the cavities of hole tray passes through
With the conical by its shape towards bottom surface, the contact area with water can be reduced, is carried out to the plant for not tolerating wet environment
When nursery, preferably such shape.
It in the present embodiment, can be in plant kind by mixing coated fertilizer 7 to the ridging 5 for being filled in hole tray 4
After the germination of son, the nutrient needed for nursery is provided for the root of plant 6.
Coated fertilizer refers to fertilizer by the fertilizer of the claddings such as resin, e.g., as disclosed in Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication 8-59382 bulletins,
In Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication 2008-1550 bulletins, International Publication No. 2012/147668, it can be prepared according to the disclosure, this
Outside, since there is also commercial goods, commercial goods can also be bought.The case where developing plant using coated fertilizer
Under, when root development to a certain degree when, coated fertilizer can surround the root of plant, be improved to fertilizer efficiency.
In the present embodiment, nutrient is provided for the root of food plant using coated fertilizer, so, even if not using nutrition
Liquid (liquid fertilizer) can also carry out nursery.Therefore, even the nursery in outdoor progress causes without consideration because of rainwater
The concentration variation of nutrient solution etc., without the rain-proofs facility such as vinyl house required by the nursery of outdoor progress in the past.
Allocation position of the coated fertilizer 7 in hole tray 4 does not limit especially as long as it can provide nutrient for the root of plant 6
It is fixed, still, by that in the position for being always impregnated in water, can inhibit plant 6 that fertilizer burn, hair occurs coated fertilizer configuration
The case where educating declining trend.Therefore, even the plant for not tolerating fertilizer is also easy to be cultivated.Specifically, it is preferable that coated fertilizer 7
Configuration is near the bottom surface of hole tray 4, i.e. feed water inlet 4b.
In addition, when cultivation does not tolerate the plant of fertilizer, moreover it is possible to cover coat fertilizer using the mulch with water penetration
Material 7.It can be non-woven fabrics as the mulch of water penetration, can also be the paper such as thin paper.By the coated fertilizer of water penetration covering with ground sheeting
Amount be not so limited, as long as being properly selected according to the plant to be developed.In addition, by using biodegradation
Property material, can solve the problems, such as discarded after cultivation.In this way, it can avoid the root of plant directly and coating
Fertilizer contacts, even to which the plant for not tolerating fertilizer is also easy to be cultivated.
In addition, being enough in earth culture using fertilizer physical efficiency made of the covering with ground sheeting coated fertilizer with water penetration like this.
In water planting, due to being the cultural method using a large amount of water, so, coated fertilizer is in the shape for being impregnated in water always
The problem of state, fertilizer burn occurs for the root of plant as a result, less highlights.However, in earth culture, coated fertilizer is configured in root
Near, the fertilizer of very high concentration is provided to root as a result, can highlight the problem of fertilizer burn occurs.
Therefore, it by the way that earth culture will be used for fertilizer body made of the covering with ground sheeting coated fertilizer with water penetration, can keep away
Exempt from the root that high concentration fertilizer ingredient is in direct contact plant, can solve the problems, such as such fertilizer burn.
Moreover, when by earth culture is used for fertilizer body made of the covering with ground sheeting coated fertilizer with water penetration, can make
It sets bed in the field planting position above 200mm or less of 1mm of sowing position or plant seedlings in the horizontal direction away from vegetable seeds
Position, preferably set bed in the positions below 10mm or more 50mm.Alternatively, can also broadcasting away from vegetable seeds in the horizontal direction
Kind position or the field planting position positions below the above 200mm of 1mm of plant seedlings, it is embedding with 1mm or more 200mm depth below
In underground, underground is preferably embedded in 10mm or more 50mm depth below.
Alternatively, when by earth culture is used for fertilizer made of the covering with ground sheeting coated fertilizer with water penetration, it can also be
The sowing position of vegetable seeds or the underface of plant seedlings, are embedded in underground, preferably with 1mm or more 200mm depth below
It is embedded in underground with 10mm or more 50mm depth below.
The coat fertilizer doses needed for one plant of plant is calculated, covers these coated fertilizers with permeable mulching film to make fertilizer
Body, thereby, it is possible to only by developing plant with the fertilizer body of the covering with ground sheeting with water penetration, the energy of fertilizer management is big
Amplitude is reduced.Moreover, with it is implementing in previous earth culture, coated fertilizer is interspersed among to the method phase entirely ploughed with low concentration
Than fertilizer efficiency is very high.
That is, including in one embodiment a kind of earth culture method, the method includes with the covering with ground sheeting with water penetration
The coated fertilizer of amount needed for the development of plant and together with plant the step of manufacture fertilizer body and by the fertilizer body
The step of setting bed or being embedded in soil.
It should be noted that the coated fertilizer of the amount needed for the development of plant can be by those skilled in the art suitably
Estimation.
Typically, hole tray 4 can be plastics.The hole tray of plastics would generally be reused.However recycle when, exist by
Pathogen, pest remaining caused by pest and disease risk, so, there are problems that wanting time-consuming cleaning.
Therefore, under partial picture, it can sometimes use and the material of hole tray and the paper web premised on discarded are used as on paper
(paper pot)。
Hole tray is used as with the material with water penetration in this way, even without bottom outlet is arranged in hole tray, also can
It supplies water, can solve the problems, such as to open bottom outlet and make the leakages such as the soil in hole tray.
In addition, schematic diagram is shown in Figure 11, and in the case where being used as hole tray with the material with water penetration, pass through
The shell of the cavity portion 9 of cavities 4 ' is set as multi-ply construction, to generate space 9 ' by the multi-ply construction, and by the space
Coated fertilizer 7 is loaded, the high concentration fertilizer dissolved out from coated fertilizer 7 can be prevented to be provided to root, fertilizer burn can be solved
The problem of.
In addition, calculate the coat fertilizer doses needed for one plant of plant identically as the method for above description, and by these
Coated fertilizer is stored in the space 9 ' generated by multi-ply construction together, and the energy of fertilizer management can also be greatly reduced as a result,.
In turn, implement perforation between each cavities of hole tray so that can be detached by each cavities, educated as a result,
After seedling in the field planting operation of seedling, the cavities of separation can be directly colonized, homework burden is greatly reduced.
It is stored in by the space 9 ' of the multi-ply construction generation of hole tray by the coated fertilizer 7 of the amount needed for one plant of plant
In the case of, coated fertilizer can be loaded to the entire space, but can also be centered on bottom, such as only into the space
1/2 range below of short transverse of hole tray loads coated fertilizer, can also only load 1/3 range below, can also only fill out
Fill bottom.
Fig. 7 is the example for indicating to substitute hole tray 4 using polyurethane sheet 41.Polyurethane sheet 41 is plant holding member,
There is gap 8 generally for being easy to be cut into blocky, and plant 6 is sowed by each subregion being separated out by the gap 8
Seed.
Using polyurethane sheet 41, the no image of Buddha uses the case where earthing up 5 like that by coated fertilizer 7 and plant
Holding member mixes, and therefore, coated fertilizer 7 configures on polyurethane sheet 41.In this case, coated fertilizer also can
It slowly dissolves out into the moisture contained by polyurethane sheet, the nutrient needed for nursery is provided for the root of the plant after germination.
It is not particularly limited come the plant of nursery by present embodiment, as long as the plant cultivated by conventional water planting
Object is just not particularly limited.It can be various ornamental flowers, the colored classes such as edible flowers, can also be foliage plant class, it can be with
It is the greengroceries (food plant) such as lettuce, tomato, spinach, husky Tianjin cuisine.
In Figure 5, hole tray 4 is positioned in across nursery box 3 on floating member 2.Floating member 2 is in Fig. 1 only by framework structure
At therefore, when directly loading hole tray 4, stability can be damaged sometimes, it is therefore preferable that being positioned in floating member across nursery box 3
On 2.Assuming that the mounting area of the hole tray 4 of floating member is larger, since the hole tray 4 of mounting is stablized, there is no need to
Hole tray 4 can be directly loaded across nursery box 3.
Floating member 2 can be replaced as long as it can swim in the material on the water surface, such as can also use timber, tree
Fat plate etc..
One embodiment of floating member is shown in Fig. 8.(a) of Fig. 8 indicates the vertical view of floating member 21, (b) indicates
Front view.Floating member 21 is composed of the rectangular elements being longitudinally extended in the rectangular elements and figure that are laterally extended in figure
Framework.Also, the floating member 21 has the opening portion 21a of rectangle.Floating member 21 to be placed with plant guarantor on it
Component is held, such as is placed with the state of the hole tray 4 of Fig. 5 and swims on the water surface.Make plant using floating member in this way
Holding member is swum on the water surface, the unified water supply to plant holding member.In addition, floating member 21 has opening portion 21a,
Thereby, it is possible to provide moisture from the feed water inlet for the bottom for being present in hole tray for the root of plant.
Other embodiments that floating member is shown in Fig. 9, in floating member 22, the rectangle that is longitudinally extended in figure
The quantity of component is reduced from five to three.Reduction or vice versa increases the quantity of rectangular elements in this way, can adjust floating
The buoyancy of component 21.In addition, the quantity of rectangular elements also can be according to the size of the plant holding member of mounting come suitably
Adjustment.
Other embodiments of floating member are shown in Figure 10.The opening portion 23a of floating member 23 is roughly circular, is opened
Area other than oral area becomes larger.By being set as such shape, the plants holding member such as hole tray is being placed in floating member
When, it can steadily be loaded not across nursery box.
In addition, for adjusting buoyancy by floating member 23, it can also increase opening portion 23a's in the fabrication stage
Area, the quantity etc. for increasing opening portion 23a.On the other hand, the floating member for being provided with opening portion is adjusted after fabrication
In the case of, can also by with the methods of lid 23b occlusion of openings portion 23a of the size roughly the same with opening portion 23a come into
The Buoyance adjustment of row floating member.
It is placed on the water surface of the floating member configuration of plant holding member in the sink.
As long as sink 1 can be filled with water, it is not particularly limited position, size, shape.Such as the water in lying fallow can also be used
Field, discarded outdoor pool, catch basin, tank etc., the water storage facility prepared before for other purposes is used as water
Slot carries out nursery.
Even if the water in sink 1 does not contain liquid fertilizer (nutrient) actually, due to containing packet in plant holding member
Film fertilizer, so nursery can be carried out.In this way, not using liquid fertilizer (nutrient), there is no need to consider following for the water in sink
Ring etc. is not necessarily to large scale equipment.It should be noted that referring to actually in addition to be carried for plant without containing liquid fertilizer (nutrient)
For making the state in water other than the state containing liquid fertilizer (nutrient) for the purpose of nutrition, and not only refer in water does not have completely
The state of nutrient.For example, the concentration of the main component potassium of liquid fertilizer, sodium, phosphorus can be 1ppm hereinafter, alternatively, including this
The concentration of all dissolved matters of a little ingredients can be 50ppm or less.
Therefore, the water in sink 1 can also use the drinking water such as tap water other than underground water.
In addition, not making water recycle in the present embodiment, therefore pesticide can be used, so as to significantly improve nursery
Production efficiency.
In addition, other embodiments of the present invention are plant nursery external member.Specifically, the plant nursery is used
External member has hole tray and is placed with the floating member of the hole tray, which has opening portion.In addition, with the external member is made
The method for culturing seedlings for not containing the plant for the step of being floated on the water surface of liquid fertilizer (nutrient) actually is also the present invention's
Other embodiment.
Reference sign
100、200、300：Outdoor water planting external member；
101、201、301：Food plant；
102：Flowerpot；
202：Mesh tank；
202a：Engaging portion；
302：Non-woven fabrics；
103、203、303：Styrenic foams；
110：Cultivation bed；
1000：Outdoor hydroponic system；
1：Sink；
1a：The water surface；
2、21、22、23：Floating member；
2a、21a、22a、23a：Opening portion；
23b：Lid；
3：Nursery box；
4：Hole tray；
4a、4′：Cavities；
4b：Feed water inlet；
41：Polyurethane sheet；
5：Ridging；
6：Plant；
6a：Root；
7：Coated fertilizer；
8：Gap；
9：Cavity portion；
9′：Space.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of outdoor water planting external member, has：
Plant；
Plant supporting member supports the plant；
Coated fertilizer, is configured at the plant supporting member, and nutrient is provided for the root of plant；And
Floating member has multiple opening portions that can removably keep the plant supporting member, and floatability is in the water surface
On.
2. outdoor water planting external member according to claim 1, wherein
The plant supporting member is ridging and flowerpot, ridging and mesh tank, ridging and hole tray or ridging and non-woven fabrics.
3. outdoor water planting external member according to claim 1, wherein
The plant supporting member is asbestos, phenol foam or polyurethane sponge.
4. a kind of outdoor hydroponic system, wherein
With the cultivation bed being filled with water, outdoor water planting external member according to any one of claims 1 to 3 swims in water in cultivation bed
On face.
5. a kind of plant manufacturing method, including：
The step of preparing water planting external member；And
Ready water planting external member in above-mentioned steps is configured into the step on the outdoor water surface, wherein
The water planting external member has：
Plant；
Plant supporting member supports the plant；
Coated fertilizer, is configured at the plant supporting member, and nutrient is provided for the root of plant；And
Floating member has multiple opening portions that can removably keep the plant supporting member, and floatability is in the water surface
On.
6. plant manufacturing method according to claim 5, wherein
The plant supporting member is ridging and flowerpot, ridging and mesh tank, ridging and hole tray, asbestos and flowerpot, phenol bubble
Foam and flowerpot, polyurethane sponge and flowerpot, cotton fiber and flowerpot or ridging and non-woven fabrics.
7. plant manufacturing method according to claim 5, wherein
The plant supporting member is asbestos, phenol foam or polyurethane sponge.
8. the plant manufacturing method according to any one of claim 5~7, wherein
In the preparation process, it is used as plant using germinating plants.
9. the plant manufacturing method according to any one of claim 5~8, wherein
Further include the steps that spraying insecticide to plant.
Applications Claiming Priority (5)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2015-243891 | 2015-12-15 | ||
| JP2015243891 | 2015-12-15 | ||
| JP2016009383 | 2016-01-21 | ||
| JP2016-009383 | 2016-01-21 | ||
| PCT/JP2016/087220 WO2017104703A1 (en) | 2015-12-15 | 2016-12-14 | Open-field hydroponic kit, open-field hydroponic system, and plant manufacturing method |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN108366537A true CN108366537A (en) | 2018-08-03 |
Family
ID=59056849
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201680072779.5A Pending CN108366537A (en) | 2015-12-15 | 2016-12-14 | Outdoor water planting external member, the manufacturing method of outdoor hydroponic system and plant |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPWO2017104703A1 (en) |
| CN (1) | CN108366537A (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2017104703A1 (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110235764A (en) * | 2019-06-26 | 2019-09-17 | 安徽省宝景生态农业科技有限公司 | A kind of gourd, fruit and vegetable nursery manual activities hole tray device |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DK180615B1 (en) | 2020-01-20 | 2021-10-14 | Ellepot As | A hydroponic system, and a method for producing a hydroponic system |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS5446741U (en) * | 1977-09-07 | 1979-03-31 | ||
| JPH01171417A (en) * | 1987-12-25 | 1989-07-06 | Asahi Chem Ind Co Ltd | Cultivation bed for plant |
| CN2394429Y (en) * | 1999-11-18 | 2000-09-06 | 蔡晓辉 | Double layer ceramic flower pot |
| CN101564002A (en) * | 2009-06-16 | 2009-10-28 | 向泓潮 | Water borne floating bed and rice planting method |
| JP2013223448A (en) * | 2012-04-20 | 2013-10-31 | Sharp Corp | Hydroponic container |
Family Cites Families (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2009171944A (en) * | 2008-01-28 | 2009-08-06 | Intemu:Kk | Hydroponics float |
-
2016
- 2016-12-14 JP JP2017556097A patent/JPWO2017104703A1/en active Pending
- 2016-12-14 WO PCT/JP2016/087220 patent/WO2017104703A1/en active Application Filing
- 2016-12-14 CN CN201680072779.5A patent/CN108366537A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS5446741U (en) * | 1977-09-07 | 1979-03-31 | ||
| JPH01171417A (en) * | 1987-12-25 | 1989-07-06 | Asahi Chem Ind Co Ltd | Cultivation bed for plant |
| CN2394429Y (en) * | 1999-11-18 | 2000-09-06 | 蔡晓辉 | Double layer ceramic flower pot |
| CN101564002A (en) * | 2009-06-16 | 2009-10-28 | 向泓潮 | Water borne floating bed and rice planting method |
| JP2013223448A (en) * | 2012-04-20 | 2013-10-31 | Sharp Corp | Hydroponic container |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110235764A (en) * | 2019-06-26 | 2019-09-17 | 安徽省宝景生态农业科技有限公司 | A kind of gourd, fruit and vegetable nursery manual activities hole tray device |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPWO2017104703A1 (en) | 2018-12-27 |
| WO2017104703A1 (en) | 2017-06-22 |
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Application publication date: 20180803 |