CN108353935A - 侧柏扦插生根剂的制备方法 - Google Patents

侧柏扦插生根剂的制备方法 Download PDF

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CN108353935A
CN108353935A CN201711474749.XA CN201711474749A CN108353935A CN 108353935 A CN108353935 A CN 108353935A CN 201711474749 A CN201711474749 A CN 201711474749A CN 108353935 A CN108353935 A CN 108353935A
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任倩妍
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Pujiang County Hong Hung Horticulture Research And Development Co Ltd
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Abstract

本发明公开了侧柏扦插生根剂的制备方法，包括：制备嫩柳汁、复配、制备生根剂，首先将柳枝嫩枝经剪短、割伤、淹没浸泡后制得嫩柳汁，然后将聚天冬氨酸、米醋、嫩柳汁、3‑吲哚丁酸钾盐、阿司匹林、蔗糖、3‑溴代樟脑‑8‑磺酸溶解于蒸馏水中，再缓慢加入吲哚乙酸、胺鲜脂、水杨酸、普鲁兰多糖、萘乙酸即得生根剂溶液，将生根剂溶液缓慢滴加入羧甲基壳聚糖溶液中并混合均匀即得生根剂。有益效果为：生根剂的制备方法简单易行，生根剂中的生长激素的生物学功效能够得到有效保存，同时生根剂还具有缓释作用、防蒸腾、防失水的作用，促进生根，提高成活率。

Description

侧柏扦插生根剂的制备方法
技术领域
本发明涉及植物繁殖领域，尤其是涉及侧柏扦插生根剂的制备方法。
技术背景
侧柏属常绿乔木。树冠广卵形，小枝扁平，排列成1个平面。叶小，鳞片状，紧贴小枝上，呈交叉对生排列，叶背中部具腺槽。雌雄同株，花单性。雄球花黄色，由交互对生的小孢子叶组成，每个小孢子叶生有3个花粉囊，珠鳞和苞鳞完全愈合。球果当年成熟，种鳞木质化，开裂，种子不具翅或有棱脊。侧柏为中国特产，除青海、新疆外，全国均有分布。寿命很长，常有百年和数百年以上的古树。已被选为北京市的市树。侧柏耐旱，常为阳坡造林树种，也是常见的庭园绿化树种，木材可供建筑和家具等用材，叶和枝入药，可收敛止血、利尿健胃、解毒散瘀；种子有安神、滋补强壮之效。侧柏栽培、野生均有。喜生于湿润肥沃排水良好的钙质土壤耐寒、耐旱、抗盐碱，在平地或悬崖峭壁上都能生长；在干燥、贫脊的山地上，生长缓慢，植株细弱。浅根性，但侧根发达，萌芽性强、耐修剪、寿命长，抗烟尘，抗二氧化硫、氯化氢等有害气体，分布广，为中国应用最普遍的观赏树木之一。
现有技术如授权公众号为CN 10462832 B的中国发明专利，公开了古侧柏扦插繁殖方法，该发明方法将来源于古侧柏的插穗依次用高锰酸钾、木质素酸钠和激素处理，得到处理后的插穗，将处理后的插穗在基质中扦插，培育，实现古侧柏扦插繁殖，缩短侧柏古树生根时间，同时对其他古树克隆繁殖提供借鉴。但是该发明方法以600-4000mg/L的萘乙酸、吲哚丁酸作为激素处理插穗，其浓度大大超出了适合浓度，高浓度生长素会干扰插穗正常的蛋白质和核酸代谢过程，从而使机体生长减缓甚至停止，会造成死苗，而且其生长素会被光氧化分解，从而导致插穗在初始阶段骤然接触大浓度量的生长素，造成机体生长缓慢，而后期没有生长素可用，因此该发明方法的扦插成活率不高。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供侧柏扦插生根剂的制备方法，侧柏扦插生根剂制备方法简单易行，生根剂中的生长激素的生物学功效能得到有效保存，同时生根剂还具有缓释作用、防蒸腾、防失水的作用，促进生根，提高成活率。
本发明针对背景技术中提到的问题，采取的技术方案为：侧柏扦插生根剂的制备方法，包括：制备嫩柳汁、复配、制备生根剂，具体包括以下步骤：
制备嫩柳汁：将新绿展叶的柳枝嫩枝去叶剪成5-10cm的短枝，将短枝置于容器中，将短枝沿长度方向割伤，加水至淹没柳枝，浸泡2-3天即为嫩柳汁；嫩柳汁具有一定的促进愈伤组织形成的功能，可以用于生根剂；
复配：将0.3-0.4份聚天冬氨酸、3-4份米醋、5-7份嫩柳汁、1-1.2份3-吲哚丁酸钾盐、0.1-0.2份阿司匹林、10-15份蔗糖、0.2-0.23份3-溴代樟脑-8-磺酸溶解于200-230份蒸馏水中，充分溶解后置于暗光、2-4℃温度条件下，边搅拌边缓慢加入0.07-0.08份吲哚乙酸、0.03-0.05份胺鲜脂、2-3份水杨酸、1-2份普鲁兰多糖、0.05-0.06份萘乙酸，混合均匀后置于1-2℃低温保存得生根剂溶液；生根剂溶液具有较高的抗菌抗病作用，可以有效防止插穗基部病患、腐烂，增强桃树幼苗的免疫能力，提高成活率；生根剂可增厚形成层，促进分生组织细胞团的产生，进而促使根原基初始细胞发生，然后形成根原基，发育出不定根，外部形态表现为增粗、开裂，进而冒出不定根；吲哚乙酸在光下会被氧化为玫瑰红色，其生物活性会显著下降，而体系中的3-溴代樟脑-8-磺酸可以与生长素生成稳定的复合物，然后被植物吸收成为吲哚乙酸的一种储存形式，在植物体内经解离即可以产生游离态吲哚乙酸供植物体吸收利用，防止了吲哚乙酸的降解；
制备生根剂：取3.5-4.0份羧甲基壳聚糖，羧甲基壳聚糖的分子量为50000-80000，加400-500份超纯水完全溶涨，在暗光环境下控制温度为2-4℃，边以80-100r/min转速搅拌羧甲基壳聚糖溶液，边将生根剂溶液缓慢滴加入羧甲基壳聚糖溶液中，混合均匀后即得生根剂；生根剂载体羧甲基壳聚糖具有水溶性、胶凝性、促渗透性、生物相容性和可降解性等特点有关；将插穗除叶片外整体短暂浸泡过生根剂载体羧甲基壳聚糖溶液后，插穗的表面会形成一层生根剂薄膜，扦插后，位于基质中的生根剂薄膜具有保水持水的效果，从基质中吸附水分供插穗吸收利用，而且，生根剂薄膜对生根剂具有缓释效果，从而可以延长生根剂的生效时限，持续发挥药效，位于基质外的生根剂薄膜对插穗具有较强的防蒸腾作用，可以有效防止插穗因失水枯萎，提高插穗活力，提高成活率。
与现有技术相比，本发明的优点在于：1）体系中的3-溴代樟脑-8-磺酸可以与生长素生成稳定的复合物，然后被植物吸收成为吲哚乙酸的一种储存形式，在植物体内经解离即可以产生游离态吲哚乙酸供植物体吸收利用，防止了吲哚乙酸的降解；2）扦插后，在插穗的表面会形成一层生根剂薄膜，位于基质内部的生根剂薄膜具有保水持水的效果，从基质中吸附水分供插穗吸收利用，而且，生根剂薄膜对生根剂具有缓释效果，从而可以延长生根剂的生效时限，持续发挥药效，位于基质外的生根剂薄膜对插穗具有较强的防蒸腾作用，可以有效防止插穗因失水枯萎，提高插穗活力，提高成活率。
具体实施方式
下面通过实施例对本发明方案作进一步说明：
实施例1：
侧柏扦插生根剂的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
1）将新绿展叶的柳枝嫩枝去叶剪成5cm的短枝，将短枝置于容器中，将短枝沿长度方向割伤，加水至淹没柳枝，浸泡2天即为嫩柳汁；2）将0.3份聚天冬氨酸、3份米醋、5份嫩柳汁、1份3-吲哚丁酸钾盐、0.1份阿司匹林、10份蔗糖、0.2份3-溴代樟脑-8-磺酸溶解于200份蒸馏水中，充分溶解后置于暗光、2℃温度条件下，边搅拌边缓慢加入0.07份吲哚乙酸、0.03份胺鲜脂、2份水杨酸、1份普鲁兰多糖、0.05份萘乙酸，混合均匀后置于1℃低温保存得生根剂溶液；3）取3.5份羧甲基壳聚糖，羧甲基壳聚糖的分子量为50000，加400份超纯水完全溶涨，在暗光环境下控制温度为2℃，边以80r/min转速搅拌羧甲基壳聚糖溶液，边将生根剂溶液缓慢滴加入羧甲基壳聚糖溶液中，混合均匀后即得生根剂。
实施例2：
侧柏扦插生根剂的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
1）制备嫩柳汁：将新绿展叶的柳枝嫩枝去叶剪成10cm的短枝，将短枝置于容器中，将短枝沿长度方向割伤，加水至淹没柳枝，浸泡3天即为嫩柳汁；嫩柳汁具有一定的促进愈伤组织形成的功能，可以用于生根剂；
2）复配：将0.4份聚天冬氨酸、4份米醋、7份嫩柳汁、1.2份3-吲哚丁酸钾盐、0.2份阿司匹林、15份蔗糖、0.23份3-溴代樟脑-8-磺酸溶解于230份蒸馏水中，充分溶解后置于暗光、4℃温度条件下，边搅拌边缓慢加入0.08份吲哚乙酸、0.05份胺鲜脂、3份水杨酸、2份普鲁兰多糖、0.06份萘乙酸，混合均匀后置于2℃低温保存得生根剂溶液；生根剂可增厚形成层，促进分生组织细胞团的产生，进而促使根原基初始细胞发生，然后形成根原基，发育出不定根，外部形态表现为增粗、开裂，进而冒出不定根；吲哚乙酸在光下会被氧化为玫瑰红色，其生物活性会显著下降，而体系中的3-溴代樟脑-8-磺酸可以与生长素生成稳定的复合物，然后被植物吸收成为吲哚乙酸的一种储存形式，在植物体内经解离即可以产生游离态吲哚乙酸供植物体吸收利用，防止了吲哚乙酸的降解；
3）制备生根剂：取4.0份羧甲基壳聚糖，羧甲基壳聚糖的分子量为80000，加500份超纯水完全溶涨，在暗光环境下控制温度为4℃，边以100r/min转速搅拌羧甲基壳聚糖溶液，边将生根剂溶液缓慢滴加入羧甲基壳聚糖溶液中，混合均匀后即得生根剂；生根剂载体羧甲基壳聚糖具有水溶性、胶凝性、促渗透性、生物相容性和可降解性等特点有关；将插穗除叶片外整体短暂浸泡过生根剂载体羧甲基壳聚糖溶液后，插穗的表面会形成一层生根剂薄膜，扦插后，位于基质中的生根剂薄膜具有保水持水的效果，从基质中吸附水分供插穗吸收利用，而且，生根剂薄膜对生根剂具有缓释效果，从而可以延长生根剂的生效时限，持续发挥药效，位于基质外的生根剂薄膜对插穗具有较强的防蒸腾作用，可以有效防止插穗因失水枯萎，提高插穗活力，提高成活率。
实施例3：
侧柏扦插生根剂的制备方法，包括：制备嫩柳汁、复配、制备生根剂，具体包括以下步骤：
制备嫩柳汁：将新绿展叶的柳枝嫩枝去叶剪成8cm的短枝，将短枝置于容器中，将短枝沿长度方向割伤，加水至淹没柳枝，浸泡3天即为嫩柳汁；嫩柳汁具有一定的促进愈伤组织形成的功能，可以用于生根剂；
复配：将0.4份聚天冬氨酸、3.5份米醋、6份嫩柳汁、1份3-吲哚丁酸钾盐、0.16份阿司匹林、12份蔗糖、0.22份3-溴代樟脑-8-磺酸溶解于220份蒸馏水中，充分溶解后置于暗光、3℃温度条件下，边搅拌边缓慢加入0.07份吲哚乙酸、0.04份胺鲜脂、2.5份水杨酸、1.5份普鲁兰多糖、0.05份萘乙酸，混合均匀后置于1.5℃低温保存得生根剂溶液；生根剂溶液具有较高的抗菌抗病作用，可以有效防止插穗基部病患、腐烂，增强桃树幼苗的免疫能力，提高成活率；生根剂可增厚形成层，促进分生组织细胞团的产生，进而促使根原基初始细胞发生，然后形成根原基，发育出不定根，外部形态表现为增粗、开裂，进而冒出不定根；吲哚乙酸在光下会被氧化为玫瑰红色，其生物活性会显著下降，而体系中的3-溴代樟脑-8-磺酸可以与生长素生成稳定的复合物，然后被植物吸收成为吲哚乙酸的一种储存形式，在植物体内经解离即可以产生游离态吲哚乙酸供植物体吸收利用，防止了吲哚乙酸的降解；
制备生根剂：取3.6份羧甲基壳聚糖，羧甲基壳聚糖的分子量为50000-60000，加450份超纯水完全溶涨，在暗光环境下控制温度为3℃，边以90r/min转速搅拌羧甲基壳聚糖溶液，边将生根剂溶液缓慢滴加入羧甲基壳聚糖溶液中，混合均匀后即得生根剂；生根剂载体羧甲基壳聚糖具有水溶性、胶凝性、促渗透性、生物相容性和可降解性等特点有关；将插穗除叶片外整体短暂浸泡过生根剂载体羧甲基壳聚糖溶液后，插穗的表面会形成一层生根剂薄膜，扦插后，位于基质中的生根剂薄膜具有保水持水的效果，从基质中吸附水分供插穗吸收利用，而且，生根剂薄膜对生根剂具有缓释效果，从而可以延长生根剂的生效时限，持续发挥药效，位于基质外的生根剂薄膜对插穗具有较强的防蒸腾作用，可以有效防止插穗因失水枯萎，提高插穗活力，提高成活率。
本发明操作步骤中的常规操作为本领域技术人员所熟知，在此不进行赘述。
以上所述的实施例对本发明的技术方案进行了详细说明，应理解的是以上所述仅为本发明的具体实施例，并不用于限制本发明，凡在本发明的原则范围内所做的任何修改、补充或类似方式替代等，均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (8)

1.侧柏扦插生根剂的制备方法，其特征在于：所述制备方法包括：
制备嫩柳汁：将新绿展叶的柳枝嫩枝去叶剪成短枝，将短枝置于容器中，将短枝沿长度方向割伤，加水至淹没柳枝，浸泡2-3天即为嫩柳汁；
复配：将原材料聚天冬氨酸、米醋、嫩柳汁、3-吲哚丁酸钾盐、阿司匹林、蔗糖、3-溴代樟脑-8-磺酸溶解于200-230份蒸馏水中，将原材料充分溶解，边搅拌边缓慢加入吲哚乙酸、胺鲜脂、水杨酸、普鲁兰多糖、萘乙酸，混合均匀后置于低温保存得生根剂溶液；
制备生根剂：取3.5-4.0份羧甲基壳聚糖，加400-500份超纯水完全溶涨，在暗光环境下，边搅拌羧甲基壳聚糖溶液，边将生根剂溶液缓慢滴加入羧甲基壳聚糖溶液中，混合均匀后即得生根剂。
2.根据权利要求1所述的侧柏扦插生根剂的制备方法，其特征在于：所述制备嫩柳汁步骤中，柳枝短枝的长度为5-10cm。
3.根据权利要求1所述的侧柏扦插生根剂的制备方法，其特征在于：所述复配步骤中，聚天冬氨酸的添加量为0.3-0.4份，米醋为3-4份，嫩柳汁为5-7份，3-吲哚丁酸钾盐为1-1.2份，阿司匹林为0.1-0.2份，蔗糖为10-15份，3-溴代樟脑-8-磺酸为0.2-0.23份。
4.根据权利要求1所述的侧柏扦插生根剂的制备方法，其特征在于：所述复配步骤中，原材料充分溶解后置于暗光、2-4℃温度条件下。
5.根据权利要求1所述的侧柏扦插生根剂的制备方法，其特征在于：所述复配步骤中，所加入的吲哚乙酸为0.07-0.08份，胺鲜脂为0.03-0.05份，水杨酸为2-3份，普鲁兰多糖为1-2份，萘乙酸为0.05-0.06份。
6.根据权利要求1所述的侧柏扦插生根剂的制备方法，其特征在于：所述复配步骤中，生根剂溶液的保存温度为1-2℃。
7.根据权利要求1所述的侧柏扦插生根剂的制备方法，其特征在于：所述制备生根剂步骤中，羧甲基壳聚糖的分子量为50000-80000。
8.根据权利要求1所述的侧柏扦插生根剂的制备方法，其特征在于：所述制备生根剂步骤中，羧甲基壳聚糖溶液的温度为2-4℃，搅拌转速为80-100r/min。
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CN109744262A (zh) * 2018-11-26 2019-05-14 新昌县天姥园艺发展有限公司 珊瑚树扦插生根剂的制备方法
CN110526770A (zh) * 2019-08-26 2019-12-03 浙江荣林环境股份有限公司 一种树木移植用生根剂
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CN114424728A (zh) * 2022-01-19 2022-05-03 湖北省林业勘察设计院 一种提高古树移植成活率的方法
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