CN110150270A - 促进桃花扦插生根剂的制备方法 - Google Patents

促进桃花扦插生根剂的制备方法 Download PDF

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CN110150270A
CN110150270A CN201711434690.1A CN201711434690A CN110150270A CN 110150270 A CN110150270 A CN 110150270A CN 201711434690 A CN201711434690 A CN 201711434690A CN 110150270 A CN110150270 A CN 110150270A
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李冰
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Pujiang County Biological Technology Co Ltd Europe
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Abstract

本发明公开了促进桃花扦插生根剂的制备方法，包括：制备水凝胶、复配生根剂、复混，将二甲基亚砜溶液逐滴加入到羧甲基壳聚糖水溶液中持续反应并透析得水凝胶，将聚天冬氨酸、米醋、阿司匹林、维生素B12、保护剂、蔗糖、蜂蜜溶解于蒸馏水中，再加入吲哚乙酸、吲哚丁酸、萘乙酸制得生根剂溶液，将生根剂溶液缓慢倒入羧甲基壳聚糖水凝胶中得到促进桃花扦插的生根剂。有益效果为：生根剂制作方法简单易行，既可防止插穗过度蒸腾，又可使生根剂具有缓释作用，同时生根剂中的有效物质能够持续的发挥促生根的功效，能缩短缓苗期，提高桃花扦插成活率。

Description

促进桃花扦插生根剂的制备方法
技术领域
本发明涉及植物栽培领域，尤其是涉及促进桃花扦插生根剂的制备方法。
技术背景
桃花，即桃树盛开的花朵，属蔷薇科植物。叶椭圆状披针形，核果近球形，主要分果桃和花桃两大类。桃花原产于中国中部、北部，现已在世界温带国家及地区广泛种植，其繁殖以嫁接为主。桃花可制成桃花丸、桃花茶等食品。其具有很高的观赏价值，是文学创作的常用素材。此外，桃花中元素有疏通经络、滋润皮肤的药用价值。其花语及代表意义为：爱情的俘虏。每年3-6月份，各地会以桃花为媒，举办不同的桃花节盛会。
桃树喜光、喜温暖，稍耐寒，喜肥沃、排水良好的土壤，碱性土、粘重土均不适宜，不耐水湿，忌洼地积水处栽培。根系较浅，但须根多，发达，寿命较短。因此桃树在扦插的时候其扦插生根效果对扦插成活率至关重要。
现有技术如申请公布号为CN 106069526 A的中国发明专利，公开了一种杨桃树扦插育苗方法，该发明方法采用半木质化嫩枝作为插穗，相比硬枝而言，提高了生根率；插穗下端在扦插前用生长调节剂浸泡过，并且在扦插入苗床之后，还在插穗周围的基质滴加生长调节剂，两次生长调节剂对插穗下端的作用与影响，可以大大增强插穗的活性及生根率；对插穗进行间歇喷洒水雾，可以有效保持遮荫棚内的湿度，促进插穗生根；对苗床的加热处理，可以防止昼夜温差变化对插穗的影响，保证插穗的正常生根环境；该扦插方法步骤简单、方便管理、周期短、成活率高，可在短时间内培育大量幼苗。但是该发明方法中的生长调节剂为浓度为1000-2000mg/L的吲哚乙酸或浓度为2000-2500mg/L的萘乙酸，生长素的用量大大超出了适宜用量，过高浓度生长素会干扰插穗正常的蛋白质和核酸代谢过程，从而使机体生长减缓甚至停止，会造成死苗，而且其生长素会被光氧化分解，导致插穗骤然接触大浓度量的生长素，造成机体生长缓慢，而后没有生长素可用，因此该发明方法的扦插成活率不高。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供促进桃花扦插生根剂的制备方法，本制备方法简单易行，生长素用量较少而且具有缓释作用，同时还可以大大降低插穗表面的蒸腾作用，防止插穗因失水而枯萎，大大提高扦插成活率。
本发明针对背景技术中提到的问题，采取的技术方案为：促进桃花扦插生根剂的制备方法，包括：制备水凝胶、复配生根剂、复混，具体包括以下步骤：
制备水凝胶：在容器中加入10-12份羧甲基壳聚糖，再加入550-600份去离子水，磁力搅拌并完全溶解；将0.98-1.03份1-乙基-(3-二甲基氨基丙基)碳二亚胺盐酸盐、0.60-0.62份N-羟基琥珀酰亚胺加入到380-400份二甲基亚砜中，磁力搅拌并完全溶解；在23-25℃温度下，将二甲基亚砜溶液逐滴加入到羧甲基壳聚糖水溶液中并持续反应时间5-8小时，产物透析24-28小时即得水凝胶；水凝胶制备条件温和，产物均匀度良好，能够吸收大量的水份，从而缓解幼苗的蒸腾作用，适合做为生根剂的载体；
复配生根剂：将0.7-0.9份聚天冬氨酸、2-3份米醋、0.01-0.012份阿司匹林、0.01-0.011份维生素B12、0.1-0.15份保护剂、10-15份蔗糖、5-8份蜂蜜溶解于100-150份蒸馏水中，充分溶解后置于暗光、2-4℃温度条件下，边搅拌边缓慢加入0.05-0.06份吲哚乙酸、0.01-0.02份吲哚丁酸、0.05-0.06份萘乙酸，混合均匀后置于1-2℃低温保存得生根剂溶液；保护剂是一种功能肽，功能肽的氨基酸序列为：SCASRCKSRCRARRCGYYVSVSSVSVFYRGRCYCRCLRC；生根剂溶液可以有效防止插穗基部病患、腐烂，有效抑制有害微生物的侵袭，增强桃树幼苗的免疫能力，提高成活率；生根剂溶液可以促进植物体内过氧化物酶、多酚氧化酶、吲哚乙酸氧化酶等酶的活性变化，还有利于根原始体的诱导，刺激形成层细胞活动并促进细胞脱分化，产生愈伤组织，促发新根，新根不仅仅限于维管束周围的皮层细胞，皮层和相似于中柱梢部位的细胞均能分化而形成根原基，因此新生根系发达、粗壮，宜于成活；吲哚乙酸在光下会被氧化为玫瑰红色，其生物活性会断崖式下降，而体系中的功能肽可以与生长素生产稳定的复合物，进入植物体内成为吲哚乙酸的一种储存形式，从而避免了吲哚乙酸被光氧化为吲哚而丧失生物学功效，在植物体内经解离即可以产生游离态吲哚乙酸供植物体吸收利用，发挥吲哚乙酸的生物学功效；
复混：在暗光、1-2℃温度条件下，将生根剂溶液缓慢倒入羧甲基壳聚糖水凝胶中，边倒入边以120-150r/min的低转速搅拌混合溶液，混合均匀后即得促进桃花扦插生根剂；生根剂溶液的传导性差，只能在吸附有生根剂溶液处发挥生物学作用，扦插时，将插穗除叶片之外的整枝浸泡在生根剂中，短时间内，生根剂会在插穗表面生成一层生根剂水凝胶膜，将插穗插入基质后，位于基质中的生根剂膜会将生根剂缓释入插穗中，使其持续的发挥功效，位于基质外的生根剂膜会对插穗产生保护作用，防止升腾作用过大而使插穗失水严重，防止苗木干枯，能缩短缓苗期，提高桃花扦插成活率。
与现有技术相比，本发明的优点在于：
1）体系中的功能肽可以与生长素生产稳定的复合物，进入植物体内成为吲哚乙酸的一种储存形式，从而避免了吲哚乙酸被光氧化为吲哚而丧失生物学功效，在植物体内经解离即可以产生游离态吲哚乙酸供植物体吸收利用，发挥吲哚乙酸的生物学功效；
2）生根剂会在插穗表面生成一层生根剂水凝胶膜，将插穗插入基质后，位于基质中的生根剂膜会将生根剂缓释入插穗中，使其持续的发挥功效，位于基质外的生根剂膜会对插穗产生保护作用，防止升腾作用过大而使插穗失水严重，防止苗木干枯，能缩短缓苗期，提高桃花扦插成活率。
具体实施方式
下面通过实施例对本发明方案作进一步说明：
实施例1：
促进桃花扦插生根剂的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
1）在容器中加入10份羧甲基壳聚糖，再加入550份去离子水，磁力搅拌并完全溶解；将0.98份1-乙基-(3-二甲基氨基丙基)碳二亚胺盐酸盐、0.60份N-羟基琥珀酰亚胺加入到380份二甲基亚砜中，磁力搅拌并完全溶解；在23℃温度下，将二甲基亚砜溶液逐滴加入到羧甲基壳聚糖水溶液中并持续反应时间5小时，产物透析24小时即得水凝胶；2）将0.7份聚天冬氨酸、2份米醋、0.01份阿司匹林、0.01份维生素B12、0.1份保护剂、10份蔗糖、5份蜂蜜溶解于100份蒸馏水中，充分溶解后置于暗光、2℃温度条件下，边搅拌边缓慢加入0.05份吲哚乙酸、0.01份吲哚丁酸、0.05份萘乙酸，混合均匀后置于1℃低温保存得生根剂溶液；3）在暗光、1℃温度条件下，将生根剂溶液缓慢倒入羧甲基壳聚糖水凝胶中，边倒入边以120r/min的低转速搅拌混合溶液，混合均匀后即得促进桃花扦插生根剂；生根剂溶液的传导性差，只能在吸附有生根剂溶液处发挥生物学作用，扦插时，将插穗除叶片之外的整枝浸泡在生根剂中，短时间内，生根剂会在插穗表面生成一层生根剂水凝胶膜，将插穗插入基质后，位于基质中的生根剂膜会将生根剂缓释入插穗中，使其持续的发挥功效，位于基质外的生根剂膜会对插穗产生保护作用，防止升腾作用过大而使插穗失水严重，防止苗木干枯，能缩短缓苗期，提高桃花扦插成活率。
实施例2：
促进桃花扦插生根剂的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
1）制备水凝胶：在容器中加入12份羧甲基壳聚糖，再加入600份去离子水，磁力搅拌并完全溶解；将1.03份1-乙基-(3-二甲基氨基丙基)碳二亚胺盐酸盐、0.62份N-羟基琥珀酰亚胺加入到400份二甲基亚砜中，磁力搅拌并完全溶解；在25℃温度下，将二甲基亚砜溶液逐滴加入到羧甲基壳聚糖水溶液中并持续反应时间8小时，产物透析28小时即得水凝胶；水凝胶制备条件温和，产物均匀度良好，能够吸收大量的水份，从而缓解幼苗的蒸腾作用，适合做为生根剂的载体；
2）复配生根剂：将0.9份聚天冬氨酸、3份米醋、0.012份阿司匹林、0.011份维生素B12、0.15份保护剂、15份蔗糖、8份蜂蜜溶解于150份蒸馏水中，充分溶解后置于暗光、4℃温度条件下，边搅拌边缓慢加入0.06份吲哚乙酸、0.02份吲哚丁酸、0.06份萘乙酸，混合均匀后置于2℃低温保存得生根剂溶液；保护剂是一种功能肽，功能肽的氨基酸序列为：SCASRCKSRCRARRCGYYVSVSSVSVFYRGRCYCRCLRC；生根剂溶液可以有效防止插穗基部病患、腐烂，有效抑制有害微生物的侵袭，增强桃树幼苗的免疫能力，提高成活率；生根剂溶液可以促进植物体内过氧化物酶、多酚氧化酶、吲哚乙酸氧化酶等酶的活性变化，还有利于根原始体的诱导，刺激形成层细胞活动并促进细胞脱分化，产生愈伤组织，促发新根，新根不仅仅限于维管束周围的皮层细胞，皮层和相似于中柱梢部位的细胞均能分化而形成根原基，因此新生根系发达、粗壮，宜于成活；吲哚乙酸在光下会被氧化为玫瑰红色，其生物活性会断崖式下降，而体系中的功能肽可以与生长素生产稳定的复合物，进入植物体内成为吲哚乙酸的一种储存形式，从而避免了吲哚乙酸被光氧化为吲哚而丧失生物学功效，在植物体内经解离即可以产生游离态吲哚乙酸供植物体吸收利用，发挥吲哚乙酸的生物学功效；
3）复混：在暗光、2℃温度条件下，将生根剂溶液缓慢倒入羧甲基壳聚糖水凝胶中，边倒入边以150r/min的低转速搅拌混合溶液，混合均匀后即得促进桃花扦插生根剂；生根剂溶液的传导性差，只能在吸附有生根剂溶液处发挥生物学作用，扦插时，将插穗除叶片之外的整枝浸泡在生根剂中，短时间内，生根剂会在插穗表面生成一层生根剂水凝胶膜，将插穗插入基质后，位于基质中的生根剂膜会将生根剂缓释入插穗中，使其持续的发挥功效，位于基质外的生根剂膜会对插穗产生保护作用，防止升腾作用过大而使插穗失水严重，防止苗木干枯，能缩短缓苗期，提高桃花扦插成活率。
实施例3：
促进桃花扦插生根剂的制备方法，包括：制备水凝胶、复配生根剂、复混，具体包括以下步骤：
制备水凝胶：在容器中加入10份羧甲基壳聚糖，再加入560份去离子水，磁力搅拌并完全溶解；将1.0份1-乙基-(3-二甲基氨基丙基)碳二亚胺盐酸盐、0.60份N-羟基琥珀酰亚胺加入到380份二甲基亚砜中，磁力搅拌并完全溶解；在24℃温度下，将二甲基亚砜溶液逐滴加入到羧甲基壳聚糖水溶液中并持续反应时间6小时，产物透析25小时即得水凝胶；水凝胶制备条件温和，产物均匀度良好，能够吸收大量的水份，从而缓解幼苗的蒸腾作用，适合做为生根剂的载体；
复配生根剂：将0.8份聚天冬氨酸、2.5份米醋、0.011份阿司匹林、0.01份维生素B12、0.14份保护剂、12份蔗糖、6份蜂蜜溶解于120份蒸馏水中，充分溶解后置于暗光、3℃温度条件下，边搅拌边缓慢加入0.05份吲哚乙酸、0.02份吲哚丁酸、0.05份萘乙酸，混合均匀后置于2℃低温保存得生根剂溶液；保护剂是一种功能肽，功能肽的氨基酸序列为：SCASRCKSRCRARRCGYYVSVSSVSVFYRGRCYCRCLRC；生根剂溶液可以有效防止插穗基部病患、腐烂，有效抑制有害微生物的侵袭，增强桃树幼苗的免疫能力，提高成活率；生根剂溶液可以促进植物体内过氧化物酶、多酚氧化酶、吲哚乙酸氧化酶等酶的活性变化，还有利于根原始体的诱导，刺激形成层细胞活动并促进细胞脱分化，产生愈伤组织，促发新根，新根不仅仅限于维管束周围的皮层细胞，皮层和相似于中柱梢部位的细胞均能分化而形成根原基，因此新生根系发达、粗壮，宜于成活；吲哚乙酸在光下会被氧化为玫瑰红色，其生物活性会断崖式下降，而体系中的功能肽可以与生长素生产稳定的复合物，进入植物体内成为吲哚乙酸的一种储存形式，从而避免了吲哚乙酸被光氧化为吲哚而丧失生物学功效，在植物体内经解离即可以产生游离态吲哚乙酸供植物体吸收利用，发挥吲哚乙酸的生物学功效；
复混：在暗光、2℃温度条件下，将生根剂溶液缓慢倒入羧甲基壳聚糖水凝胶中，边倒入边以130r/min的低转速搅拌混合溶液，混合均匀后即得促进桃花扦插生根剂；生根剂溶液的传导性差，只能在吸附有生根剂溶液处发挥生物学作用，扦插时，将插穗除叶片之外的整枝浸泡在生根剂中，短时间内，生根剂会在插穗表面生成一层生根剂水凝胶膜，将插穗插入基质后，位于基质中的生根剂膜会将生根剂缓释入插穗中，使其持续的发挥功效，位于基质外的生根剂膜会对插穗产生保护作用，防止升腾作用过大而使插穗失水严重，防止苗木干枯，能缩短缓苗期，提高桃花扦插成活率。
本发明操作步骤中的常规操作为本领域技术人员所熟知，在此不进行赘述。
以上所述的实施例对本发明的技术方案进行了详细说明，应理解的是以上所述仅为本发明的具体实施例，并不用于限制本发明，凡在本发明的原则范围内所做的任何修改、补充或类似方式替代等，均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。
序列表
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<120> 促进桃花扦插生根剂的制备方法
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Claims (8)

1.促进桃花扦插生根剂的制备方法，包括：制备水凝胶、复配生根剂、复混，其特征在于：所述复配生根剂步骤为：将0.7-0.9份聚天冬氨酸、2-3份米醋、0.01-0.012份阿司匹林、0.01-0.011份维生素B12、0.1-0.15份保护剂、10-15份蔗糖、5-8份蜂蜜溶解于100-150份蒸馏水中，充分溶解后置于暗光、2-4℃温度条件下，边搅拌边缓慢加入吲哚乙酸、吲哚丁酸、萘乙酸，混合均匀后置于1-2℃低温保存得生根剂溶液。
2.根据权利要求1所述的促进桃花扦插生根剂的制备方法，其特征在于：所述复配生根剂步骤中，吲哚乙酸的添加量为0.05-0.06份、吲哚丁酸的添加量为0.01-0.02份、萘乙酸的添加量为0.05-0.06份。
3.根据权利要求1所述的促进桃花扦插生根剂的制备方法，其特征在于：所述复配生根剂步骤中的保护剂是一种功能肽，功能肽的氨基酸序列为：SCASRCKSRCRARRCGYYVSVSSVSVFYRGRCYCRCLRC。
4.根据权利要求1所述的促进桃花扦插生根剂的制备方法，其特征在于：所述制备水凝胶步骤为：在容器中加入10-12份羧甲基壳聚糖，再加入550-600份去离子水，磁力搅拌并完全溶解；将1-乙基-(3-二甲基氨基丙基)碳二亚胺盐酸盐、N-羟基琥珀酰亚胺加入到380-400份二甲基亚砜中，磁力搅拌并完全溶解；将二甲基亚砜溶液逐滴加入到羧甲基壳聚糖水溶液中并持续反应，产物透析24-28小时即得水凝胶。
5. 根据权利要求4所述的促进桃花扦插生根剂的制备方法，其特征在于：所述制备水凝胶步骤中，1-乙基-(3-二甲基氨基丙基)碳二亚胺盐酸盐的添加量为0.98-1.03份， N-羟基琥珀酰亚胺的添加量为0.60-0.62份。
6.根据权利要求4所述的促进桃花扦插生根剂的制备方法，其特征在于：所述制备水凝胶步骤中，二甲基亚砜溶液逐滴加入到羧甲基壳聚糖水溶液中的反应温度为23-25℃，持续反应时间为5-8小时。
7.根据权利要求1所述的促进桃花扦插生根剂的制备方法，其特征在于：所述复混步骤为：在暗光、1-2℃温度条件下，将生根剂溶液缓慢倒入羧甲基壳聚糖水凝胶中，边倒入边以120-150r/min的低转速搅拌混合溶液，混合均匀后即得促进桃花扦插生根剂。
8.根据权利要求7所述的促进桃花扦插生根剂的制备方法，其特征在于：所述复混步骤中，混合溶液的搅拌转速为120-150r/min。
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