CN107467053A - 促进腊梅扦插生根剂的制备方法 - Google Patents

促进腊梅扦插生根剂的制备方法 Download PDF

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CN107467053A
CN107467053A CN201710537101.6A CN201710537101A CN107467053A CN 107467053 A CN107467053 A CN 107467053A CN 201710537101 A CN201710537101 A CN 201710537101A CN 107467053 A CN107467053 A CN 107467053A
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任倩妍
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Pujiang County Hong Hung Horticulture Research And Development Co Ltd
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Abstract

本发明公开了促进腊梅扦插生根剂的制备方法，包括以下步骤：制备亚铁螯合剂、复配生长素溶液、制备水凝胶生根剂。有益效果为：活性多肽亚铁螯合剂与生长素形成的络合物可以防止生长素被光氧化分解而失去调节作用，在适当条件下，络合物可以发生解络合反应释放出生长素，使其转变为游离型，经运输转移到作用部位起作用，防止切口感染病菌腐烂，促使苗木提前产生愈伤组织，提高花木的光合作用，增加光合产物，增强吸水与运输功能，降低蒸腾作用，从而提高扦插成活率；将生长素水凝胶生根剂均匀涂在腊梅插穗上，干燥后形成一层薄薄的生长素水凝胶生根剂膜，有助于水份的保持与生根剂的缓释，是一种高效的腊梅扦插生根剂。

Description

促进腊梅扦插生根剂的制备方法
技术领域
本发明涉及生根剂的制备领域，尤其是涉及一种促进腊梅扦插生根剂的制备方法。
技术背景
腊梅（Winter Sweet），又名金梅、腊梅、腊花、黄梅花，为腊梅科腊梅属，落叶灌木，高3米左右，常丛生，单叶对生，叶片椭圆状卵形或卵状披针形，先端渐尖，基部圆形或楔形，长7-15厘米，全缘，表面粗糙；两性花，单生于一年生枝叶腋，花梗极短，被黄色，带蜡质，具芳香。腊梅花开春前，为百花之先，特别是虎蹄梅，农历十月即放花，故人称早梅；腊梅先花后叶，花与叶不相见，花开之时枝干枯瘦，故又名干枝梅；腊梅花开之日多是瑞雪飞扬，欲赏腊梅，待雪后，踏雪而至，故又名雪梅。腊梅原产中国，适应性强，喜湿润和阳光充足的环境，较耐寒、耐旱、耐半荫，怕水湿和风，发枝力强，土壤以肥沃、疏松和排水良好的微酸性沙质壤土为宜。
由于腊梅种子层积催芽处理时间长，过程繁琐，因而其扦插繁殖逐渐成为研究热点，尤其最近几年来，随着腊梅在城市园林绿化中的广泛应用，对这方面的研究越来越多。腊梅扦插繁殖主要是指将离体的腊梅植物营养器官插入一定的基质中，在适宜的条件下使离体的营养器官再生成一个完整新腊梅植株的繁殖方法，这种繁殖方法与嫁接等无性繁殖方法相比，具有繁殖系数高、操作简便和成本低等优点，与播种等有性繁殖方法相比，具有保持品种优良特性、提早开花等优点。腊梅扦插成活的关键在于生根，而生根的难易除与本身有关外，还与促生根药物、扦插时期、扦插基质等有关，特别是对于腊梅扦插来说，生根剂直接关乎腊梅新生根系的存活，进而影响新腊梅植株的生长。
目前，关于腊梅扦插生根剂的制备技术有很多方法，现有技术如授权公众号为CN104429508 B的中国发明专利，公开了一种腊梅的扦插繁殖方法，该方法以吲哚乙酸酒精溶液作为生根剂，将腊梅插穗浸泡后进行扦插，具有操作简单的优点，但是该生根剂中仅仅含有吲哚乙酸作为促生长物质，其促生根效果有限，并且吲哚乙酸容易光分解从而失去效用，该生根剂中不含有抑菌消炎防腐作用，导致腊梅插穗切口易感染病菌腐烂，因此其应用价值有限。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种安全高效的、不易被氧化的促进腊梅扦插生根剂的制备方法。
本发明针对背景技术中提到的问题，采取的技术方案为：促进腊梅扦插生根剂的制备方法，包括：制备亚铁螯合剂、复配生长素溶液、制备水凝胶生根剂，具体包括以下步骤：制备亚铁螯合剂：称取9-10份的活性多肽完全溶解于90-91份蒸馏水中，在搅拌下加入9-10份质量分数为10%的FeCI2水溶液，调节pH为6-6.3，在35-38℃温度下震荡合成20-24分钟，真空干燥粉碎后得活性多肽亚铁螯合剂；活性多肽的氨基酸序列为：SCASRCKSRCRARRCGYYVSVFYFYRGRCYCRCLRC；制备亚铁螯合剂的过程简单易控，适于工业生产，活性多肽与FeCI2的质量比为9-10:1时，螯合物的螯合度最高，活性多肽亚铁螯合剂具有较强的抗光氧化作用，为生长素溶液的复配做准备；
复配生长素溶液：称取10%乙醇溶液470-490重量份，搅拌下缓慢加入蔗糖4-8份、蜂蜜5-10份、米醋1-1.5份、维生素B12 0.1-0.15份、阿司匹林0.03-0.05份、磷酸二氢钾0.3-0.4份、活性多肽亚铁螯合剂0.05-0.08份、生长素0.2-0.25份，混合均匀完全溶解后即得生长素溶液；活性多肽亚铁螯合剂能够与生长素发生络合反应，络合物可以防止生长素发生光氧化反应而分解为吲哚与醛从而失去调节作用，在适当条件下（pH9-10），生长素可以经由解络合反应而转变为游离型，经运输转移到植株作用部位起作用；生长素溶液能够防止插穗切口感染病菌腐烂，促使苗木提前产生愈伤组织，显著提高皮层生根数，增强吸水与运输功能，降低蒸腾作用，从而提高扦插成活率；
制备水凝胶生根剂：在常温条件下，称取聚乙烯醇65-70份加入800-850份水中溶胀30-45分钟，用盐酸调节溶液pH至1-2，将容器置于水浴锅内加热到80-90℃，使聚乙烯醇完全溶解，形成透明溶液，温度降至55-60℃时加入50-80份乙醇稀释，再加入2.5%甘油40-45份反应60-80分钟，温度降至30-40℃时，形成水凝胶；然后在缓慢搅拌下加入生长素溶液，制得生长素水凝胶生根剂；将生长素水凝胶生根剂均匀涂在腊梅插穗上，干燥后形成一层薄薄的生长素水凝胶生根剂膜，扦插后，地上部分生长素水凝胶生根剂膜可减少插穗本身水分散失，地下部分生根剂膜在土壤中吸水保持湿润状态，同时缓释出生长素溶液刺激插穗生根，提高插穗生根数、根长度与根粗度，从而提高插穗生根成活率，促进幼苗生长。
作为优选，所用活性多肽与FeCI2的质量比为9-10:1。
作为优选，所用的生长素为重量比为3-4:4-5:1的吲哚乙酸、吲哚丁酸与萘乙酸。
作为优选，所用活性多肽亚铁螯合剂与生长素的重量比为1:3-4。
与现有技术相比，本发明的优点在于：1）生根剂具有抗菌消炎和防腐的作用，能有效抑制乙醇酸氧化酶的生物活性，提高花木的光合作用，增加光合产物；2）；可以防止生长素被光氧化分解而失去调节作用，在适当条件下，络合物可以发生解络合反应释放出生长素，使其转变为游离型，经运输转移到作用部位起作用；3）防止切口感染病菌腐烂，促使苗木提前产生愈伤组织，增强吸水与运输功能，降低蒸腾作用，从而提高扦插成活率；4）将生长素水凝胶生根剂均匀涂在腊梅插穗上，干燥后形成一层薄薄的生长素水凝胶生根剂膜，有助于水份的保持与生根剂的缓释，是一种高效的腊梅扦插生根剂。
具体实施方式
下面通过实施例对本发明方案作进一步说明：
实施例1：
1）称取9份活性多肽、1份FeCI2完全溶解于90份蒸馏水中，调节pH为6，在35℃温度下震荡合成24分钟，真空干燥粉碎后得活性多肽亚铁螯合剂，制备亚铁螯合剂的过程简单易控，适于工业生产，活性多肽亚铁螯合剂具有较强的抗光氧化作用，为生长素溶液的复配做准备；2）称取10%乙醇溶液470份，搅拌下缓慢加入蔗糖4份、蜂蜜5份、米醋1份、维生素B12 0.1份、阿司匹林0.03份、磷酸二氢钾0.3份、活性多肽亚铁螯合剂0.05份、吲哚乙酸0.075份、吲哚丁酸0.1份、萘乙酸0.025份，混合均匀后即得生长素溶液；生长素溶液能够防止切口感染病菌腐烂，促使苗木提前产生愈伤组织，显著提高皮层生根数，增强吸水与运输功能，降低蒸腾作用，从而提高扦插成活率；3）在80℃温度下制取聚乙烯醇水溶液，在温度降至55℃时加入50份乙醇稀释，再加入2.5%甘油40份反应60分钟，温度降至30℃时，形成水凝胶；然后在缓慢搅拌下加入生长素溶液，制得生长素水凝胶生根剂；将生长素水凝胶生根剂涂抹在腊梅插穗上在进行扦插后，会缓释出生长素溶液刺激插穗生根，提高插穗生根数、根长度、根粗度，从而提高插穗生根成活率。
实施例2：
1）制备亚铁螯合剂：称取10份的活性多肽完全溶解于91份蒸馏水中，在搅拌下加入10份质量分数为10%的FeCI2水溶液，调节pH为6.3，在38℃温度下震荡合成24分钟，真空干燥粉碎后得活性多肽亚铁螯合剂，制备过程中活性多肽与FeCI2的质量比为10:1；制备亚铁螯合剂的过程简单易控，适于工业生产，活性多肽与FeCI2的质量比为10:1时，螯合物的螯合度最高；
2）复配生长素溶液：称取10%乙醇溶液490重量份，搅拌下缓慢加入蔗糖8份、蜂蜜10份、米醋1.5份、维生素B12 0.15份、阿司匹林0.05份、磷酸二氢钾0.4份、活性多肽亚铁螯合剂0.08份、吲哚乙酸0.1份、吲哚丁酸0.125份、萘乙酸0.025份、，混合均匀后即得生长素溶液；活性多肽亚铁螯合剂能够与生长素发生络合反应，络合物可以防止生长素被光氧化分解为吲哚与醛而失去调节作用，在适当条件下（pH9-10），生长素可以经由解络合反应而转变为游离型，经运输转移到作用部位起作用；
3）制备水凝胶生根剂：在常温条件下，称取聚乙烯醇70份加入850份水中溶胀45分钟，用盐酸调节溶液pH至2，将容器置于水浴锅内加热到90℃，使聚乙烯醇完全溶解，形成透明溶液，温度降至60℃时加入80份乙醇稀释，再加入2.5%甘油45份反应80分钟，温度降至40℃时，形成水凝胶；然后在缓慢搅拌下加入生长素溶液，制得生长素水凝胶生根剂；扦插时，将生长素水凝胶生根剂均匀涂在腊梅插穗上，干燥后形成一层薄薄的生长素水凝胶生根剂膜。
实施例3：
制备亚铁螯合剂：称取10份的活性多肽完全溶解于90份蒸馏水中，在搅拌下加入10份质量分数为10%的FeCI2水溶液，调节pH为6.1，在37℃温度下震荡合成20分钟，真空干燥粉碎后得活性多肽亚铁螯合剂，制备过程中活性多肽与FeCI2的质量比为10:1；制备亚铁螯合剂的过程简单易控，适于工业生产，活性多肽与FeCI2的质量比为10:1时，螯合物的螯合度最高，活性多肽亚铁螯合剂具有较强的抗光氧化作用，为生长素溶液的复配做准备；
复配生长素溶液：称取10%乙醇溶液490重量份，搅拌下缓慢加入蔗糖6份、蜂蜜8份、米醋1.5份、维生素B12 0.12份、阿司匹林0.04份、磷酸二氢钾0.3份、活性多肽亚铁螯合剂0.06份、吲哚乙酸0.09份、吲哚丁酸0.12、萘乙酸0.03份，混合均匀后即得生长素溶液；活性多肽亚铁螯合剂与生长素的比值为1:4，活性多肽亚铁螯合剂能够与生长素发生络合反应，络合物可以防止生长素被光氧化分解为吲哚与醛而失去调节作用，在适当条件下（pH9-10），生长素可以经由解络合反应而转变为游离型，经运输转移到作用部位起作用；生长素溶液能够防止切口感染病菌腐烂，促使苗木提前产生愈伤组织，显著提高皮层生根数，增强吸水与运输功能，降低蒸腾作用，从而提高扦插成活率；
制备水凝胶生根剂：在常温条件下，称取聚乙烯醇70份加入830份水中溶胀30分钟，用盐酸调节溶液pH至2，将容器置于水浴锅内加热到90℃，使聚乙烯醇完全溶解，形成透明溶液，温度降至60℃时加入60份乙醇稀释，再加入2.5%甘油45份反应70分钟，温度降至40℃时，形成水凝胶；然后在缓慢搅拌下加入生长素溶液，制得生长素水凝胶生根剂。
以1:1:1的蛭石、珍珠岩、泥炭混合物作为扦插基质，扦插前，基质、插穗及插床用0.5%高锰酸钾溶液消毒；扦插时，将生长素水凝胶生根剂均匀涂在腊梅插穗上，干燥后形成一层薄薄的生长素水凝胶生根剂膜，扦插后，地上部分生长素水凝胶生根剂膜可减少插穗本身水分散失，地下部分生根剂膜在土壤中吸水保持湿润状态，同时缓释出生长素溶液刺激插穗生根，提高插穗生根数、根长度、根粗度，从而提高插穗生根成活率，促进幼苗生长。
本发明的操作步骤中的常规操作为本领域技术人员所熟知，在此不进行赘述。
以上所述的实施例对本发明的技术方案进行了详细说明，应理解的是以上所述仅为本发明的具体实施例，并不用于限制本发明，凡在本发明的原则范围内所做的任何修改、补充或类似方式替代等，均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。
SEQUENCE LISTING
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<120> 促进腊梅扦插生根剂的制备方法
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Claims (8)

1.促进腊梅扦插生根剂的制备方法，包括以下步骤：制备亚铁螯合剂、复配生长素溶液、制备水凝胶生根剂，其特征在于：所述的制备亚铁螯合剂步骤中，以活性多肽与FeCI2为原料，按照特定重量比，在一定条件下进行螯合反应制备得活性多肽亚铁螯合剂。
2.根据权利要求1所述的促进腊梅扦插生根剂的制备方法，其特征在于：所述的制备亚铁螯合剂步骤为：称取9-10份的活性多肽完全溶解于90-91份蒸馏水中，在搅拌下加入9-10份质量分数为10%的FeCI2水溶液，调节pH为6-6.3，在35-38℃温度下震荡合成20-24分钟，真空干燥粉碎后得活性多肽亚铁螯合剂。
3.根据权利要求1所述的促进腊梅扦插生根剂的制备方法，其特征在于：所述的制备亚铁螯合剂步骤中活性多肽与FeCI2的质量比为9-10:1。
4.根据权利要求1所述的促进腊梅扦插生根剂的制备方法，其特征在于：所述的制备亚铁螯合剂步骤中活性多肽的氨基酸序列为：SCASRCKSRCRARRCGYYVSVFYFYRGRCYCRCLRC。
5.根据权利要求1所述的促进腊梅扦插生根剂的制备方法，其特征在于：所述的复配生长素溶液步骤为：称取10%乙醇溶液470-490重量份，搅拌下缓慢加入蔗糖4-8份、蜂蜜5-10份、米醋1-1.5份、维生素B12 0.1-0.15份、阿司匹林0.03-0.05份、磷酸二氢钾0.3-0.4份、活性多肽亚铁螯合剂0.05-0.08份、生长素0.2-0.25份，混合均匀后即得生长素溶液。
6.根据权利要求1所述的促进腊梅扦插生根剂的制备方法，其特征在于：所述的复配生长素溶液步骤中活性多肽亚铁螯合剂与生长素的质量比为1:3-4。
7.根据权利要求1所述的促进腊梅扦插生根剂的制备方法，其特征在于：所述的复配生长素溶液步骤中生长素为质量比为3-4:4-5:1的吲哚乙酸、吲哚丁酸与萘乙酸。
8.根据权利要求1所述的促进腊梅扦插生根剂的制备方法，其特征在于：所述的制备水凝胶生根剂步骤为：在常温条件下，称取聚乙烯醇65-70份加入800-850份水中溶胀30-45分钟，用盐酸调节溶液pH至1-2，将容器置于水浴锅内加热到80-90℃，使聚乙烯醇完全溶解，形成透明溶液，温度降至55-60℃时加入50-80份乙醇稀释，再加入2.5%甘油40-45份反应60-80分钟，温度降至30-40℃时，形成水凝胶；然后在缓慢搅拌下加入生长素溶液，制得生长素水凝胶生根剂。
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