CN108345097A - 手术显微镜系统 - Google Patents
手术显微镜系统 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明提供一种手术显微镜系统。通过红外热像照相机(16)直接获取照明光斑(B)的温度数据,在该数据高于指定温度数据的情况下,警报器(18)发出警报声,因此必然能够事先知晓发展成加热状态的危险性,通过停止照明光束(R)的照射,能够可靠地防止照明光斑(B)内成为加热状态。
Description
技术领域
本发明提供一种手术显微镜系统,其能够可靠地防止术野的周边由于照明光束而成为加热状态。
背景技术
如日本专利公开公报特开2009-136579号中所例示那样,在脑神经外科等中所使用的手术显微镜可以将从术野反射的光束从形成于手术显微镜下部的光束引入口引入至内部,并经过物镜光学系统以及变倍光学系统引导至目镜光学系统,从而立体地观察术野的光学成像。
从手术显微镜的光束引入口附近朝向术野照射照明光束,会在术野的周边以包含术野的状态形成由照明光束产生的照明光斑。通过这样做,从术野反射的光束的光量会增加,从而可以进行可靠的观察。但是,如果从手术显微镜对术野近距离地过度照射高输出的照明光束的话,则包含术野的照明光斑内的区域会被加热,存在导致热损坏的危险性,所以在手术显微镜上设置在靠近术野的情况下使照明光束的输出降低的安全机构。
发明内容
但是,在这样的相关技术中,尽管在手术显微镜上设置了安全机构,但由于和手术中的安全有关,因此需要进一步确保安全性的结构。
本发明是着眼于这样的相关技术而做出的,根据本发明,可以提供一种能够可靠地防止照明光斑由于照明光束而成为加热状态的手术显微镜系统。
根据本发明的技术侧面,其特征在于,包括:手术显微镜,其从形成于底部的光束引入口将被术野反射的光束引入至物镜光学系统,并经由变倍光学系统将通过了物镜光学系统的光束引导至目镜光学系统;照明单元,其照射照明光束,并在术野附近形成至少包含术野的照明光斑;红外热像照相机,其被安装在手术显微镜上,拍摄至少包含照明光斑的监视范围,并获取监视范围内的温度数据;以及警报单元,在通过红外热像照相机获取到的温度数据之中的至少一部分区域的温度数据高于指定温度数据时,该警报单元工作。
附图说明
图1是表示示出本发明的第1实施方式的手术显微镜的立体图。
图2是表示手术显微镜的截面图。
图3是表示本发明的第2实施方式的光束引入口附近的截面图。
图4是表示本发明的第3实施方式的手术显微镜的截面图。
具体实施方式
图1以及图2是表示本发明的第1实施方式的图。在以上以及以下的说明中,前后方向以及左右方向如图1中所示的那样。
手术显微镜1在手术室内被支承于未图示的支架装置的臂上。手术显微镜1是在前侧具有目镜部(目镜光学系统)2的立体显微镜,并且在内部在垂直方向上设置有物镜光学系统3、4,在水平方向上设置有变倍光学系统5。为了调焦,物镜光学系统3、4在上下方向上被分成两组,分别为圆形透镜的切除了前后而得到的左右长方形。在下侧的物镜光学系统3的前后的切除部上分别设置有遮光板6。
在手术显微镜1的底部形成有光束引入口7。在手术显微镜1的下方有作为观察对象的术野A,从该术野A反射的光L从光束引入口7被引入至手术显微镜1的内部。
从光束引入口7引入的光L被引导至物镜光学系统3、4,之后经由棱镜8被引导至变倍光学系统5。经过了变倍光学系统5的光经由上下2组棱镜9、10而向目镜部2侧折返。为了进行立体观察,分别设置左右一对从棱镜8到目镜部2的光学元件。
在手术显微镜1的后表面连接有用于导入照明光束R的光波导11。光波导11经由光纤与设置于外部的光源装置12连接,并能够将从光源装置12内的氙气灯13发射的照明光束R导入至手术显微镜1的内部。照明单元构成为包括光源装置12、光波导11。
被导入至手术显微镜1内的照明光束R在通过设置于导入光路中的3个透镜14之后,利用设置于下侧的物镜光学系统3的后方的照明反射镜15而被反射并朝向术野A,在术野A的周边形成照明光斑B。照明光束R在被照明反射镜15反射之后,在以规定的角度呈圆锥状地扩散的状态下被照射至术野A。照明光斑B大于术野A,对术野A以及术野A的周边部进行照射。此外,由于照明反射镜15位于物镜光学系统3的后方,因此照明光束R就成为来自相对于术野A稍稍倾斜的方向的照射。由于通过照明光束R照射术野A,因此能够充分地确保被术野A反射并被导入至手术显微镜1内的光L的光量,从而能够通过目镜部2进行清晰的观察。
在手术显微镜1的右侧面安装有红外热像照相机16。该红外热像照相机16朝向照明光斑B,并能够拍摄大于照明光斑B的监视范围C。红外热像照相机16检测从监视范围C出来的红外辐射能量并进行温度测量,获取与该监视范围C内的温度分布有关的数据并输出至控制器17。
控制器17除了红外热像照相机16还和警报器18、显示器19、光源装置12的基板20连接。在显示器19中能够基于来自红外热像照相机16的数据显示监视范围C的温度分布图像。警报器18在工作时发出警报声。在本实施方式中,由控制器17和警报器18构成“警报单元”。
在控制器17中,根据术野A、手术内容预先设定了指定温度数据。该指定温度数据是术野A即将成为加热状态的温度数据,是安全的温度范围的上限值。若超过该温度,就是照明光斑B恐怕会发展成加热状态的温度。
只要在监视范围C内获取到的温度数据之中的、一部分的区域的温度数据超过该指定温度数据的情况下,控制器17就使警报器18工作并发出警报声。通过发出警报声,手术显微镜1的周边的相关人员能够同时且瞬间知晓危险性,并能够立即做出对此的应对行动。警报器18并不限定于警报声,也可以采用其他的方法(警报灯的灯光闪烁等)。
此外,在获取到的温度数据的一部分超过指定温度数据的情况下,信号被从控制器17输出至光源装置12的基板20,并自动地使照明光束R的输出降低。因此可以防止监视范围C内的温度进一步上升。另外,也可以以使来自光源装置12的照明光束R的照射停止的方式来代替降低输出。
此外,在本实施方式中,由于是将红外热像照相机16安装在手术显微镜1的外部(右侧面)的结构,因此能够不需要对手术显微镜1的内部结构进行任何变更,并添加至现有的手术显微镜1上。
图3是表示本发明的第2实施方式的图。本实施方式具备和所述第1实施方式同样的构成要素。因此,对于与它们相同的构成要素赋予共同的符号,并省略重复的说明。
该实施方式表示将红外热像照相机21设置在手术显微镜1的内部的例子。物镜光学系统3是其前后被切除的形状,因此在物镜光学系统3的前后形成空间。在后方的空间设置有照明反射镜15,但在本实施方式中在空出的前方的空间设置小型的红外热像照相机21。
红外热像照相机21以从光束引入口7望向术野A的角度而被设置,并能够获取包含照明光斑B的监视范围C内的温度数据。由于红外热像照相机21被设置在手术显微镜1的内部,因此手术显微镜1的侧面空出,而能够在那里安装不是红外热像照相机21的其他的附属设备。
图4是表示本发明的第3实施方式的图。
在本实施方式中,在手术显微镜1内的照明光束R的导入光路的中途设置分束器22。在分束器22的上方设置有反射镜23,并在其后方设置有红外热像照相机24。
在照明光束R的导入光路中,来自整个监视范围C的红外线被照明反射镜15反射(收集)而被向照明光束R的相反方向导入,因此能够通过分束器22将向该相反方向导入的红外线的一部分分支并通过反射镜23反射,从而能够引导至红外热像照相机24。这样做的话,红外热像照相机24能够经由照明反射镜15拍摄监视范围C。即,由于照明光束R和红外光的光轴一致,因此即使在改变了照明反射镜15的角度的情况下,监视范围C也被设定为包含照明光斑B的范围。红外热像照相机24的灵敏度以在考虑了被分束器22分支一部分的基础上能够进行正确的温度测量的方式进行预先调整。
此外,在本实施方式的结构中,不仅可以通过红外热像照相机24拍摄监视范围C,还经由作为照射开始点的照明反射镜15进行拍摄,因此可以拍摄从照明反射镜15朝向照明光斑B呈圆锥状地扩散的照明光束R的全部范围。因此,在某物进入照明光束R的上部空间的情况下,也可以检测到其加热状态。即使进入物不是加热状态,也可以因为被放映在红外热像照相机24的热图像中而知晓进入物的存在。
根据本发明的第1技术侧面,通过红外热像照相机直接获取被照明光束照射的照明光斑的温度数据,在检测到该数据高于指定温度数据的区域的情况下,警报单元工作,因此如果根据手术显微镜的照明单元、手术内容预先设定安全的指定温度数据的话,则必然能够事先知晓超过该指定温度数据而发展成加热状态的危险性。因此,通过停止照明光束的照射或者使输出降低,能够可靠地防止照明光斑内成为加热状态。
根据本发明的第2技术侧面,由于是警报单元发出警报声的结构,因此手术显微镜的周边的相关人员能够同时且瞬间知晓警报单元的工作,并能够立即进行对此的应对行动。
根据本发明的第3技术侧面,由于红外热像照相机安装在手术显微镜的外部,因此能够不需要改变手术显微镜的内部结构而添加到现有的手术显微镜上。
根据本发明的第4技术侧面,由于红外热像照相机安装在手术显微镜的内部,因此可以在手术显微镜的外部不是红外热像照相机的其他的附属设备。
根据本发明的第5技术侧面,由于是安装于手术显微镜内部的红外热像照相机经由作为来自手术显微镜的照明光束的照射开始点的照明反射镜而进行拍摄的结构,因此红外热像照相机不仅能够拍摄监视范围,还能够拍摄从照明反射镜到照明光斑为止的呈圆锥状扩散的照明光束的全部范围。因此不仅可以检测监视范围还可以在某物进入照明光束的上部空间的情况下检测该物的加热状态。
Claims (5)
1.一种手术显微镜系统,其特征在于,包括:
手术显微镜,其从形成于底部的光束引入口将在术野反射的光束引入至物镜光学系统,并经由变倍光学系统将通过了物镜光学系统的光束引导至目镜光学系统;
照明单元,其照射照明光束,并在术野附近形成至少包含术野的照明光斑;
红外热像照相机,其被安装在手术显微镜上,拍摄至少包含照明光斑的监视范围,并获取监视范围内的温度数据;以及
警报单元,在通过红外热像照相机获取到的温度数据之中的至少一部分区域的温度数据高于指定温度数据时,该警报单元工作。
2.根据权利要求1所述的手术显微镜系统,其特征在于,
警报单元是发出警报声的结构。
3.根据权利要求1所述的手术显微镜系统,其特征在于,
红外热像照相机被安装在手术显微镜的外部。
4.根据权利要求1所述的手术显微镜系统,其特征在于,
红外热像照相机被安装在手术显微镜的内部,并经由光束引入口拍摄监视范围。
5.根据权利要求4所述的手术显微镜系统,其特征在于,
照明单元是如下结构:通过设置于物镜光学系统的一端侧的照明反射镜,将从光源装置导入至手术显微镜的内部的照明光束反射至术野侧,并形成包含术野的照明光斑,
红外热像照相机经由照明反射镜拍摄监视范围以及照明光束的从照明反射镜到照明光斑的全部范围。
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