CN108330953B - Novel composite underground seepage-proofing bentonite wall and construction method thereof - Google Patents
Novel composite underground seepage-proofing bentonite wall and construction method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D5/00—Bulkheads, piles, or other structural elements specially adapted to foundation engineering
- E02D5/18—Bulkheads or similar walls made solely of concrete in situ
- E02D5/185—Bulkheads or similar walls made solely of concrete in situ with flexible joint members between sections
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D31/00—Protective arrangements for foundations or foundation structures; Ground foundation measures for protecting the soil or the subsoil water, e.g. preventing or counteracting oil pollution
- E02D31/06—Protective arrangements for foundations or foundation structures; Ground foundation measures for protecting the soil or the subsoil water, e.g. preventing or counteracting oil pollution against corrosion by soil or water
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Paleontology (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
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Abstract
本发明新型复合型地下防渗膨润土墙，属于污染场地隔离修复技术领域，包括基体和隔离功能层，隔离功能层置于基体内侧，基体由膨润土干料喷入护壁泥浆中硬结而成，隔离功能层由若干柔性功能层平铺而成，最底层的柔性功能层下部悬挂负重块；本发明新型复合型地下防渗膨润土墙的施工方法，步骤如下：开槽，注入护壁泥浆，垂直沉入悬挂了负重块的隔离功能层，最后喷入膨润土干料，硬结成型。本发明可根据所需隔离场地的具体污染情况，选择有效的隔离吸附膜与合适层数，使设计更有针对性，墙体本身就具有一定的抗渗性，隔离功能层对于污染物有着很大的隔离吸附能力，多重不同隔离吸附膜联合使用可以有效阻隔混合污染物的浸出。
The novel composite underground anti-seepage bentonite wall of the invention belongs to the technical field of isolation and restoration of polluted sites, and comprises a matrix and an isolation functional layer. The isolation functional layer is placed inside the matrix. The layer is formed by laying several flexible functional layers, and the bottom of the bottom flexible functional layer is suspended with a load block; the construction method of the novel composite underground anti-seepage bentonite wall of the present invention has the following steps: grooving, injecting mud for retaining walls, and vertically sinking and hanging The isolation functional layer of the load-bearing block is formed, and finally the dry bentonite is sprayed into it to harden and form. According to the specific pollution situation of the required isolation site, the invention can select an effective isolation adsorption film and a suitable number of layers, so that the design is more targeted. Large isolation adsorption capacity, the combined use of multiple different isolation adsorption membranes can effectively block the leaching of mixed pollutants.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of isolation and restoration of polluted sites, and particularly relates to a novel composite underground impermeable bentonite wall and a construction method thereof.
Background
Cities are intensive areas for industrial production and living, since the early 80 s of the last century, the urbanization process of China is very rapid, and the construction and operation management level of industrial and municipal environment-friendly infrastructures is relatively lagged, so that the underground water and soil pollution of the cities of China is increasingly serious. Soil contamination is defined as: harmful and toxic substances generated by human activities enter soil and are accumulated to a certain degree, so that the soil property and quality are changed due to the fact that the harmful and toxic substances exceed the self-purification energy of the soil, and influence and harm to human bodies and ecological environment are caused. According to the national soil pollution condition survey bulletin (2014), the total point over-standard rate of the soil in China reaches 16.1%, leachate containing harmful components is inevitably generated under the actions of rain, scouring and the like, and if effective seepage-proofing measures are not taken, the leachate migrates along with the seepage of underground water, so that the ecological pollution around a polluted site is caused.
There are three main sources of urban underground water and soil pollution in China: (1) urban industrial enterprises remove and leave sites with serious pollution. The urban land is in short supply, a large amount of moved or abandoned toxic and harmful industrial sites are re-developed and utilized, and if effective evaluation and treatment measures are not carried out on the original industrial polluted sites, the peripheral water and soil are easily seriously influenced. (2) Tens of thousands of chemical storage and oil storage facilities leak to directly pollute underground water and soil. These storage facilities often become a direct source of pollution to the urban underground water and soil environment due to improper design, poor operation management or equipment aging. In 2015, the storage capacity of a finished oil depot in China reaches 7800 million cubic meters, and about 60 million tons of petroleum cause serious pollution through ways of running, overflowing, dripping, leaking and the like every year. (3) The pollution prevention and control level of the urban centralized waste treatment site is low, and the serious pollution of surrounding underground water and soil is caused. The existing urban solid waste landfill site in China has more than 1000 seats, and additionally has ten thousand simple urban solid waste storage sites. The leachate output of domestic garbage landfill sites in China is high, and the ratio of the leachate output to the landfill amount can reach about 30 percent (about 5 percent in the United states). The types and concentrations of leachate pollutants in typical landfill sites of six cities of Hangzhou, Nanjing, Suzhou, Shanghai, Xian and Shenzhen are shown in Table 1.
TABLE 1.6 contaminant composition and concentration (mg/L) in landfill leachate
Leachate contaminants mainly include 3 types, (1) water-soluble organic matter, which can be expressed as Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) or Total Organic Carbon (TOC), including volatile fatty acids, as well as fulvic acids and humic acid compounds, and the like. (2) Heterotypic biomass organic materials (XOCs) are derived mainly from household and industrial chemicals and include a series of aromatic hydrocarbons, benzenes, chlorinated aliphatic hydrocarbons, and the like. (3) Heavy metal contamination including Cd2+、Cr3+、Cu2+、Pb2+、Ni2+And Zn2+And the like.
The urban underground water and soil pollution has the following characteristics: (1) the spatial discreteness is large, so that the polluted site is difficult to survey and evaluate; (2) soil body and underground water pollution coexist, and the difficulty in maintaining the original chemical property of a soil sample in the sampling process is high; (3) the composite pollution is mainly used, heavy metal and organic pollutants coexist frequently, and the treatment and restoration method is required to have wide applicability; (4) the pollutant migration depth is large, the geological conditions are complex, and the repairing difficulty is high. The above characteristics of urban underground water and soil pollution bring great scientific and technical challenges for exploration, treatment and restoration thereof.
Because the development of the treatment and restoration technology level is insufficient, the pollution treatment and restoration of urban underground water and soil in China mostly adopts a simple ex-situ treatment mode at present. For example, the site of the Shanghai world exposition park originally concentrated in heavy industry and using metal as a raw material or a processing object is polluted by serious heavy metal and persistent organic matters, and most polluted plots are treated by a replacement method (excavation-outward transportation-clean soil backfilling); in original chemical three plants in Beijing city with the history of chemical production in fifty years, soil in part of plant areas is seriously polluted by tetrabutyltin, dioctyl phthalate and other organic matters, excavation treatment is adopted during treatment, high-concentration organic matter polluted soil is incinerated, and lightly polluted soil is buried. The ex-situ remediation treatment cost of the urban polluted site is high, the site with deep soil and underground water pollution is difficult to treat, and the polluted soil and water under the structure or the polluted site close to the important building cannot be remedied.
Compared with ex-situ remediation, the in-situ remediation method does not need to excavate soil, has low remediation cost and is suitable for the national conditions of China. According to the statistics of the U.S. protection agency, in-situ remediation is adopted in about half of the completed or ongoing polluted site remediation projects, wherein the vertical antifouling partition wall is the most basic and effective technology. The vertical antifouling isolation wall technology is an effective method for prevention, control and restoration of a polluted site and pollution control of a left simple landfill.
The partition wall is mainly applied to large or reservoir seepage-proofing engineering in the early stage. With the development of technology, the partition wall shown in fig. 1 is increasingly used in pollution control engineering. Common vertical partition wall projects can be of the following types: the concrete-bentonite separation wall, the plastic concrete separation wall, the common concrete separation wall (rigid concrete separation wall), the cement-soil mixing pile wall, the geomembrane-bentonite composite separation wall and the like.
(1) Earth-bentonite separation wall
The wall material of the bentonite-bentonite isolation wall is formed by mixing excavated in-situ upper and dry bentonite powder and bentonite slurry in an excavated groove, the mixing amount of the bentonite is 4-8%, and the solid phase content in the wall material is about 70%. The permeability of the bentonite-bentonite separation wall is low, and is usually 1 x 10-8m/s～5×10-11m/s.
(2) Cement-bentonite separation wall
The wall material of the cement-bentonite isolation wall is prepared from ordinary cement, bentonite slurry, water and a plurality of additives, wherein the mixing amount of the cement is 10-15%, and the solid phase content in the wall material is about 20%. The strength of the cement-bentonite isolation wall is higher than that of the soil-bentonite isolation wall, and the permeability coefficient is about one order of magnitude larger than that of the soil-bentonite isolation wall and is about 1 multiplied by 10-8m/s～5×10-8m/s。
(3) Common concrete isolation wall (rigid concrete isolation wall)
The concrete isolation wall (rigid concrete isolation wall) mainly refers to a prefabricated or cast-in-place reinforced concrete isolation wall, and the strength of the isolation wall is high.
(4) Plastic concrete isolation wall
The plastic concrete partition wall is mainly composed of cement, clay (or bentonite), stones and sand, and the mixing amount of the cement is 3% -10%. The plastic concrete isolation wall has the characteristics of small deformation modulus, large ultimate strain and the like, and the deformation modulus can be artificially controlled by changing the material mixing ratio.
(5) Cement mixing pile isolation wall
The cement-soil mixing pile isolation wall is characterized by that it utilizes deep-layer stirrer to spray curing agent (cement, lime and other materials) into deep portion of soft soil layer, and under the condition of stirring of construction machine the curing agent and soil body can be fully mixed, and the curing agent and soil body can produce a series of physical and chemical reactions to form low-permeability isolation wall, and its permeability coefficient is 1X 10-9m/s～5×10-10m/s。
(6) Geomembrane-bentonite composite isolation wall
The geomembrane-bentonite composite isolation wall consists of a geomembrane and a wall material. And excavating the trench by using a groover to form a trench, and paving a geomembrane and backfilling wall materials (such as cement bentonite cured slurry, soil-bentonite mixture and the like) in the trench to form the composite isolation wall.
The emphasis of different countries on the types of vertical partition walls is different, the European countries such as the United kingdom mainly adopt the cement-bentonite vertical partition walls, the United states mainly adopts the soil-bentonite vertical partition walls, and at present, cement (plastic concrete or cement soil) grouting curtains are mostly adopted as the main partition wall form in China to block percolate in a landfill.
As shown in table 2, on one hand, the anti-seepage effect of the existing common separation wall is weakened after long-term service due to the influence of dry-wet cycle and freeze-thaw cycle, and on the other hand, the vertical anti-seepage separation wall with a single structure is difficult to meet the complex pollution situation in the face of increasingly complex water and soil pollution situations. The existing research shows that the existence of some heavy metals can block the hydration of cement, and can generate adverse effect on a cement solidified body in a long time, the strength of the impervious wall is reduced, and a through crack is generated in the solidified body, so that the impervious isolation effect of the wall body is lost, and therefore, the compatibility of the cement and pollutants needs to be considered when the cement-based impervious wall is used. Although the compatibility of the bentonite to pollutants is better than that of cement, the formed impervious wall has lower strength and limited application range, and the impervious barrier property of the wall generally cannot reach the impervious standard required by the specification under the erosion of high-concentration composite pollutants.
TABLE 2 disadvantages of conventional vertical partition walls
TABLE 3 Barrier Capacity of geomembranes against contaminants
P-por (poor), G-generaly goodresistance, IIR-butyl rubber, CPE-chlorinated Polyethylene, CSM-chlorinated Polyethylene, ECO-epichlorohydrin copolymer, EPDM-ethylene propylene monomer, CR-Polychloroprene, PE-Polyethylene, PVC-polyvinylidene chloride
Although the geomembrane-bentonite composite isolation wall has low permeability coefficient value, the permeability coefficient value is about 1 multiplied by 10-10m/s, the isolation effect is good, however, the polluted site in the engineering is usually mainly complex pollution, the coexistence of various heavy metals, organic pollutants and the like is often caused, the pollution condition is extremely complex, on one hand, the conventional single-type geotechnical materials have certain limitation, and under the complex pollution condition, the leachate and a large amount of pollutants carried by the leachate are easy to puncture the barrier, so that the service life is greatly shortened, and the isolation wall with the single structure is difficult to meet the complex pollution isolation and seepage prevention requirements; bentonite materials, on the other handThe wall body has low strength and the application range is limited.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a novel composite underground impermeable bentonite wall and a construction method thereof, which aim to solve the problems.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:
the invention relates to a novel composite underground impermeable bentonite wall, which comprises a substrate and an isolation functional layer, wherein the isolation functional layer is arranged on the inner side of the substrate, the substrate is formed by spraying bentonite dry materials into wall protection slurry to be hardened, the isolation functional layer is formed by tiling a plurality of flexible functional layers, and a negative weight block is hung on the lower part of the flexible functional layer at the bottommost layer.
The flexible functional layer comprises 2 layers of geotextile, and at least one layer of isolation adsorption film is arranged in the middle of the geotextile.
The isolation adsorption film is one of polyethylene resin film, polyacrylonitrile carbon-based fiber film, fluororubber, silicone rubber, fluorosilicone rubber, electrospun nanofiber film, mesoporous carbon/silicon oxide composite film or acrylamide composite super absorbent resin.
The polyethylene resin film is a High Density Polyethylene (HDPE) resin film.
The invention discloses a construction method of a novel composite underground impermeable bentonite wall, which comprises the following steps:
1) digging into a groove body at the position where the anti-seepage partition wall needs to be arranged by using a grooving machine;
2) injecting wall protection slurry into the groove body;
3) the isolation function layer is spliced and laid along a groove line on one side of the groove body close to the pollution area, the height of the isolation function layer is consistent with the height of the groove body, the width of the isolation function layer is consistent with the width of the groove body, the load bearing block is hung at the bottommost part of the isolation function layer, and then the laid isolation function layer is slowly and vertically sunk into the wall protection slurry until the load bearing block reaches the bottom of the wall protection slurry;
4) and (3) spraying a dry bentonite material into the wall protection slurry in the step 3) by using a powder spraying pile machine until the tank body is filled, and carrying out hard forming on the isolation functional layer, the dry bentonite material and the wall protection slurry in the tank body.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the novel composite underground impermeable bentonite wall and the construction method thereof can select effective isolating and adsorbing films and proper layers according to the specific pollution condition of a required isolation site, so that the design is more targeted. The synergistic effect of the two aspects greatly reduces the possibility of leaching out pollutants in the field and provides multiple insurance for the engineering; the isolation functional layer is arranged on the inner side of the isolation wall, and can effectively prevent pollutants from corroding the bentonite wall.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the novel composite underground impermeable bentonite wall of the invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a flexible functional layer;
FIG. 3 is a flow chart of the construction method of the novel composite underground impermeable bentonite wall;
FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a distribution of a west-side contaminated area of a factory floor of a chemical industry Co., Ltd, which is carried out in example 1;
FIG. 5 is a construction effect diagram of example 1;
in the figure: 1. the device comprises a base body, 2, an isolation functional layer, 3, a negative weight block, 4, a flexible functional layer, 5, geotextile, 6 and an isolation adsorption film.
Detailed Description
The following description of preferred embodiments of the invention will be made in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in figures 1 and 2, the novel composite underground impermeable bentonite wall comprises a base body 1 and an isolation functional layer 2, wherein the isolation functional layer 2 is arranged on the inner side of the base body 1, the base body 1 is formed by spraying bentonite dry materials into wall protection slurry and hardening the bentonite dry materials, the isolation functional layer 2 is formed by tiling a plurality of flexible functional layers 4, and a negative weight 3 is hung below the flexible functional layer at the bottommost layer.
The flexible functional layer 4 comprises 2 layers of geotextile 5, and at least one layer of isolation adsorption film 6 is arranged in the middle of the geotextile 5.
The isolation adsorption film 6 is one of polyethylene resin film, polyacrylonitrile carbon-based fiber film, fluororubber, silicon rubber, fluorosilicone rubber, electrospun nanofiber film, mesoporous carbon/silicon oxide composite film or acrylamide composite super absorbent resin.
The polyethylene resin film is a High Density Polyethylene (HDPE) resin film.
As shown in fig. 3, the construction method of the novel composite underground impermeable bentonite wall of the invention comprises the following steps:
1) digging into a groove body at the position where the anti-seepage partition wall needs to be arranged by using a grooving machine;
2) injecting wall protection slurry into the groove body;
3) the isolation function layer is spliced and laid along a groove line on one side of the groove body close to the pollution area, the height of the isolation function layer is consistent with the height of the groove body, the width of the isolation function layer is consistent with the width of the groove body, the load bearing block is hung at the bottommost part of the isolation function layer, and then the laid isolation function layer is slowly and vertically sunk into the wall protection slurry until the load bearing block reaches the bottom of the wall protection slurry;
4) and (3) spraying a dry bentonite material into the wall protection slurry in the step 3) by using a powder spraying pile machine until the tank body is filled, and carrying out hard forming on the isolation functional layer, the dry bentonite material and the wall protection slurry in the tank body.
Example 1
In a factory of a chemical industry limited company, due to the change of urban planning, a factory site needs to be moved, a large number of polluted sites are left in an original factory site, pollutants in the sites mainly comprise oil pollution and heavy metal pollution, and a west-side polluted area of the factory site is shown in fig. 4. Three layers of clay with the thickness of approximately 13m are distributed in the foundation of the polluted area, and a water-impermeable layer is positioned at the position of approximately 17m underground.
In view of the above situation, the novel composite underground impermeable bentonite wall and the construction method of the invention are adopted to isolate pollutants, the isolation function layer of the novel composite underground impermeable bentonite wall adopted in the embodiment adopts a fluorine rubber coiled material and a High Density Polyethylene (HDPE) resin film, the thickness of the novel composite underground impermeable bentonite wall is 500mm, the wall bottom extends into an impermeable layer for 500mm, and the construction effect of the embodiment 1 is shown in fig. 5.
The saturated permeability coefficient of the wall measured after the project is completed is 1 multiplied by 10-11About m/s, no pollutant is detected in underground water outside the wall, the permeability coefficient is not obviously changed after the underground water is used for 5 years, the barrier effect on the pollutant is still good, the quality of the monitored underground water is normal during the use, and the effectiveness and the reliability of the scheme are verified.
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| CN108930293B (en) * | 2018-08-03 | 2024-05-14 | 天津中联格林科技发展有限公司 | GCL composite vertical slurry seepage-proofing barrier and construction method thereof |
| CN111074920A (en) * | 2020-01-16 | 2020-04-28 | 周同和 | Construction method for inserting anti-seepage blanket into cement-soil continuous wall to form composite curtain and composite curtain prepared by construction method |
| CN111350180B (en) * | 2020-03-11 | 2025-01-07 | 浙江水利水电学院 | Recycled micro-powder improved soil-bentonite vertical anti-fouling isolation wall and construction method thereof |
| CN111549810A (en) * | 2020-04-28 | 2020-08-18 | 中科鼎实环境工程有限公司 | Sealant for bottom of deep flexible waterproof curtain and preparation and pouring method thereof |
| CN111945791A (en) * | 2020-08-19 | 2020-11-17 | 北京首创环境科技有限公司 | Vertical separation system for polluted site and construction method |
| CN112648014B (en) * | 2020-12-17 | 2022-02-01 | 华能浙江平湖海上风电有限责任公司 | Lining transverse seam filling method for underground gas storage and underground gas storage |
| CN112523198B (en) * | 2020-12-29 | 2022-05-31 | 青岛建设集团股份有限公司 | Inclined groove type impervious wall and construction method thereof |
| CN115094956B (en) * | 2022-07-26 | 2024-05-28 | 江苏交水建智能装备研究院有限公司 | Device and method for in-situ isolation treatment of polluted soil in local area |
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| CN205444108U (en) * | 2015-12-30 | 2016-08-10 | 江南水利水电工程公司 | Geomembrane |
| CN106677226A (en) * | 2016-11-21 | 2017-05-17 | 北京高能时代环境技术股份有限公司 | Flexible barrier having restoration and vertical obstruction functions and preparation and application thereof |
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| CN106677226A (en) * | 2016-11-21 | 2017-05-17 | 北京高能时代环境技术股份有限公司 | Flexible barrier having restoration and vertical obstruction functions and preparation and application thereof |
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