CN108328572A - 氢气制备方法、系统与用于其中的溶液 - Google Patents
氢气制备方法、系统与用于其中的溶液 Download PDFInfo
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- CN108328572A CN108328572A CN201710084325.6A CN201710084325A CN108328572A CN 108328572 A CN108328572 A CN 108328572A CN 201710084325 A CN201710084325 A CN 201710084325A CN 108328572 A CN108328572 A CN 108328572A
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- hydrogen
- solution
- triethylamine
- ruthenium
- formic acid
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- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 110
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 110
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 103
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- 239000003446 ligand Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 150000007524 organic acids Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000000376 reactant Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Triethylamine Chemical compound CCN(CC)CC ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 60
- BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N methanoic acid Natural products OC=O BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 46
- ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Dimethylformamide Chemical compound CN(C)C=O ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 37
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 33
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 27
- 239000005864 Sulphur Substances 0.000 claims description 27
- -1 ruthenium azepine Chemical compound 0.000 claims description 25
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 24
- OSWFIVFLDKOXQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-(3-methoxyphenyl)aniline Chemical group COC1=CC=CC(C=2C=CC(N)=CC=2)=C1 OSWFIVFLDKOXQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 23
- 235000019253 formic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 23
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 108010020056 Hydrogenase Proteins 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- YNPNZTXNASCQKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenanthrene Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C3=CC=CC=C3C=CC2=C1 YNPNZTXNASCQKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 125000003261 o-tolyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C(*)=C(C([H])=C1[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- JJWLVOIRVHMVIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N isopropylamine Chemical compound CC(C)N JJWLVOIRVHMVIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- 238000009738 saturating Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 108090000790 Enzymes Proteins 0.000 abstract description 4
- 102000004190 Enzymes Human genes 0.000 abstract description 4
- KJTLSVCANCCWHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ruthenium Chemical compound [Ru] KJTLSVCANCCWHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000011941 photocatalyst Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910052707 ruthenium Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 16
- KYLUAQBYONVMCP-UHFFFAOYSA-N (2-methylphenyl)phosphane Chemical class CC1=CC=CC=C1P KYLUAQBYONVMCP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 12
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 11
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical group 0.000 description 8
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 7
- DBTDEFJAFBUGPP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanethial Chemical compound S=C DBTDEFJAFBUGPP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000012467 final product Substances 0.000 description 4
- 125000000999 tert-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C(*)(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 4
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000006555 catalytic reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000002028 Biomass Substances 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002309 gasification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052724 xenon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- FHNFHKCVQCLJFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N xenon atom Chemical compound [Xe] FHNFHKCVQCLJFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000012327 Ruthenium complex Substances 0.000 description 1
- BTSUQRSYTQIQCM-UHFFFAOYSA-N [N].[Ru] Chemical compound [N].[Ru] BTSUQRSYTQIQCM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000712 assembly Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000429 assembly Methods 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XYOVOXDWRFGKEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N azepine Chemical compound N1C=CC=CC=C1 XYOVOXDWRFGKEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000000975 bioactive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002551 biofuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003592 biomimetic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011109 contamination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003487 electrochemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005868 electrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000019441 ethanol Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000002803 fossil fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000000524 functional group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000001678 irradiating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003758 nuclear fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000001699 photocatalysis Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000036647 reaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035484 reaction time Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006798 recombination Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005215 recombination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- COIOYMYWGDAQPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N tris(2-methylphenyl)phosphane Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1P(C=1C(=CC=CC=1)C)C1=CC=CC=C1C COIOYMYWGDAQPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
一种氢气制备方法，具有以下步骤。将作为仿产氢酶活性分子的光催化剂的钌氮杂二硫错合物加入溶液中。将有机酸反应物加入所述溶液中。将P‑配体加入所述溶液中。将电子提供者加入所述溶液中。将光线照射至所述溶液，以产生氢气。
Description
技术领域
本发明是有关于一种氢气制备方法、系统与用于其中的溶液，且特别是一种使用钌氮杂二硫错合物(nitrogen-substituted derivative of alkyldithiolate rutheniumcomplex)作为仿产氢酶活性分子的光催化剂(biomimetic enzyme of photocatalyticfor hydrogen generation)的氢气制备方法、系统与用于其中的溶液。
背景技术
除核燃料外，氢气的燃烧热为每公斤142,351千焦耳，是汽油燃烧热的3倍，也是所有化石燃料、化工燃料和生物燃料中最高的。氢气的燃点低，燃烧速度快，且燃烧后会生成水，对大气并无污染。氢气在燃烧后产生的热能可以进一步地在热力发动机中产生机械功，且在燃料电池中，氢气可以与氧气发生电化学反应而能产生电能，故氢气可作为一种干净环保的能源燃料。再者，用氢气代替煤或石油，不需要对现有技术的供能设备作重大的改造，例如，对于汽车内燃机而言，仅需稍加改装，即可以使用。
现有技术产生氢气的方法种类繁多，大概说明如下。多数产生氢气的方法是对天然气进行重组，例如，将甲烷蒸气重组或将甲烷在空气中燃烧的部分氧化，来获得氢气。然而，对天然气进行重组来产生氢气的方法需外加能源及需提供高压或高温的反应环境。另外，通过将水电解，亦可以产生氢气，但此做法需外加电力来进行电解反应。
气化产生氢气的方法是将煤或生物质以气化的方式转化为合成气的终产物后，再对终产物处理来产生氢气。对再生液体重组产生氢气的方法是将生物质转化为乙醇或生物油后再转化为合成气的终产物后，再对终产物处理来产生氢气。然而，气化产生氢气与对再生液体重组产生氢气的方法都需外加能源及需提供高压或高温的反应环境。
另外，还有利用核能所产生的热能来电解水产生氢气的方法，但此方法所产生的核废料及相关污染难以清除。除此之外，还有利用生长绿藻、绿藻及某些微生物对水进行裂解以产生氢气或直接由其内含生物质中萃取氢气的方法，但是此类的方法需相当大的土地面积以养殖绿藻、蓝绿藻及微生物，且产生氢气的效率欠佳。甚至，还有利用特殊的半导体材料在太阳光下进行水的裂解以产生氢气的方法，不过，半导体材料制备过程仍会对环境产生污染。
发明内容
有鉴于上述熟知技术的问题，本发明的目的就是提供一种氢气制备方法、系统及用于其中的溶液。
根据本发明至少一目的，提供一种氢气制备方法，具有以下步骤。将作为仿产氢酶活性分子的光催化剂的钌氮杂二硫错合物加入溶液中。将有机酸反应物加入所述溶液中。将P-配体(P-ligand)的加入所述溶液中。将电子提供者加入所述溶液中。将光线照射至所述溶液，以产生氢气。
根据本发明至少一目的，提供一种氢气制备系统，包括反应室。反应室包括容器与透镜。容器用以放置溶液。透镜用以将日光的光线集中照射至所述溶液，以产生氢气。所述溶液的多个溶质包括作为仿产氢酶活性分子的光催化剂的钌氮杂二硫错合物、有机酸反应物、P-配体与电子提供者。
根据本发明至少一目的，提供一种用于氢气制备方法或系统中的溶液，包括多个溶质与溶剂。多个溶质包括作为仿产氢酶活性分子的光催化剂的钌氮杂二硫错合物、作为反应物的甲酸、作为P-配体的三(邻甲苯基)(Tri(o-tolyl)phosphine)与作为电子提供者的三乙基胺(triethylamine)。另外，溶剂为二甲基甲酰胺(dimethylformamide，DMF)。
如上所述，依本发明提供的氢气制备方法、系统与用于其中的溶液，其可具有下述优点中的一个或多个：
(1)提升氢气产生效率。
(2)利用菲涅尔透镜以集中太阳光光源，增进太阳光能使用效率，解决须外加人造电能或热能能源于反应中，节省能源费用。
(3)增进氢经济循环，且所产生二氧化碳可经碳捕捉回收达到节能减碳目的。
附图说明
图1为本发明实施例的氢气制备反应的示意图。
图2为本发明实施例的氢气制备方法的流程图。
图3为本发明实施例的氢气制备系统的示意图。
图4为本发明实施例的氢气制备方法的氢气产量对应于时间的曲线图。
具体实施方式
为利于了解本发明的技术特征、内容与优点及其所能达成的功效，将本发明配合附图，并以实施例的表达形式详细说明如下，而其中所使用的附图，其主旨仅为示意及辅助说明书之用，未必为本发明实施后的真实比例与精准配置，故不应就附图的比例与配置关系局限本发明在实际实施上的专利范围，事先说明。
需注意的是，虽然“第一”、“第二”、“第三”等用语在文中用来描述各种组件，但这些被描述的组件不应被此类用语所限制。此类用语仅用于从一个组件区分另一个组件。因此，以下所讨论的“第一”组件皆能被写作“第二”组件，而不偏离本发明的启示。
本发明实施例提供一种可以在常温常压的环境下通过日光照射即可以生产氢气的氢气制备方法、系统与用于其中的溶液。本发明实施例是将有机酸反应物、仿产氢酶活性分子的光催化剂、P-配体(P-ligand)与电子提供者作为溶质一并加入至溶液中，通过日光照射所述溶液后，即可以将有机酸类的反应物分解为氢气与其他气体，但不含一氧化碳。然后，通过气体分离设备或方法，可以进一步地获取氢气，以完成氢气的制备。除此之外，由于产生的气体不会包含一氧化碳(CO)，本发明实施例的氢气制备方法与系统产生的气体可以直接在氢燃料机作为动力来源。
在本发明实施例中，上述仿产氢酶活性分子的光催化剂为钌氮杂二硫错合物。另外，有机酸反应物可以是甲酸，P-配体可以是三(邻甲苯基)膦，电子提供者可以是三乙基胺，溶液的溶剂为二甲基甲酰胺，以及其他气体为二氧化碳(CO2)。另外，本发明实施例并不限制有机酸反应物、P-配体、电子提供者与溶液的溶质的类型。
换言之，本发明所属技术领域具有通常知识者可以选择化学特性相似于甲酸的有机酸反应物、化学特性相似于三(邻甲苯基)膦的P-配体、化学特性相似于三乙基胺的电子提供者与化学特性相似于二甲基甲酰胺的溶液之溶质，来使得钌氮杂二硫错合物于所述溶液中作为仿产氢酶活性分子的光催化剂，以将有机酸反应物分解并产生氢气。
另外，在本发明实施例中，为了使得日光能够集中地照射上述溶液，还可以使用菲涅尔透镜将日光的光线集中，以加速氢气的产生。当然，本发明实施例并不限制透镜须为菲涅尔透镜(Fresnel lens)，亦即，本发明所属技术领域具有通常知识者也可以选用其他类型的聚光透镜来使用。在本发明实施例中，日光是作为能量来源，以增加氢气的产生速率，由于使用日光作为能量来源，故不再需要额外地外加其他能源来催化反应。另外，本发明并不限制照射的光线得为日光的光线，其他类型的光线亦可以使用，但以接近紫外线(ultraviolet)的波长的光线为佳。
首先，请参照图1，图1为本发明实施例的氢气制备反应的示意图。在图1中，氢气制备反应是发生在常温常压的环境1下，且所述常温与常压是指约27摄氏度与约一大气压，但是本发明并不限制氢气制备反应发生的环境必定得为常温常压的环境1，其他诸如高温与/高压的环境亦可以使得氢气制备反应发生。在此实施例中，氢气制备反应的反应速率可接近天然产氢酶的产氢的速率，另外产生的气体不会有一氧化碳，故可以直接在氢燃料机作为动力来源。
在图1中，透过菲涅尔透镜17将太阳16的日光的光线集中照射至具有甲酸11、钌氮杂二硫错合物12与P-配体13的溶液，以将甲酸11分解为氢气14与二氧化碳15。在此实施例中，甲酸11是作为反应物，钌氮杂二硫错合物12是作为仿产氢酶活性分子的光催化剂，以及P-配体13可以是三(邻甲苯基)膦。另外，在此实施例中，溶液中还具有电子提供者，例如为三乙基胺。除此之外，溶液的溶剂例如为二甲基甲酰胺，且不以此为限。
上述钌氮杂二硫错合物12可以包括以下化学结构式的的错合物的至少其中之一，例如，钌氮杂二硫错合物12包括化学结构式(2)之外的其他化学结构式(1)～(3)的错合物，或者仅具有化学结构式(1)的错合物。总而言之，本发明不以钌氮杂二硫错合物12的类型与组合为限制。
[Ru3(CO)9(μ-SCH2CH(NHCO2(C(CH3)3))CH2S)]化学结构式(1)
[Ru2(CO)6(μ-SCH2CH(NHCO2(C(CH3)3))CH2S)]化学结构式(2)
[Ru2(CO)5(μ-SCH2CH(NHCO2(C(CH3)3))CH2S)]化学结构式(3)
[Ru3(CO)9(μ-SCH2CH(NHCO2CH3))CH2S)]化学结构式(4)
另外一方面，前述化学结构式(1)～化学结构式(4)的错合物可以用通用化学式[(Ru)X(CO)Y(μ-SCH2CH(NHZ)CH2S]来表示，其中X为1至6的整数，Y为1至9的整数，Z可以是CO2(C(CH3)3)或CO2CH3或其他取代的官能基。换言之，氮杂二硫错合物12可以是通用化学式[(Ru)X(CO)Y(μ-SCH2CH(NHZ)CH2S]的错合物。
接着，请参照图2，图2为本发明实施例的氢气制备方法的流程图。首先，在步骤S21中，将作为仿产氢酶活性分子的光催化剂的钌氮杂二硫错合物加入溶液中，其中溶液的溶剂为约1毫升(ml)的二甲基甲酰胺，且钌氮杂二硫错合物约为1微摩尔(μmol)。
然后，在步骤S22中，将作为反应物的甲酸加入溶液中。接着，在步骤S23中，将作为P-配体的三(邻甲苯基)膦加入溶液中，其中三(邻甲苯基)膦约为3微摩尔。接着，在步骤S24中，将作为电子提供者的三乙基胺加入溶液中，其中溶液的反应体积为5毫升，且5毫升中的4毫升为摩尔数比为5：2的甲酸与三乙基胺的混合液(甲酸：三乙基胺)。在此请注意，虽然通过上述内容，可以知悉，步骤S22与S24是可同时执行，但本发明实际上并不限制步骤S21～S24的步骤的执行顺序，另外，上述甲酸与三乙基胺的摩尔数比、三(邻甲苯基)膦的摩尔数与钌氮杂二硫错合物的摩尔数比等都不用以限制本发明。最后，在步骤S25中，通过菲涅尔透镜集中光线照射溶液，以产生氢气，光线可以是日光的光线，集中照射至溶液的光线实际上是作为能量来源，以催化反应从而增加氢气的产生速率。
接着，请参照图3，图3为本发明实施例的氢气制备系统的示意图。氢气制备系统3包括甲酸储存槽31、钌氮杂二硫错合物储存槽32、三(邻甲苯基)膦储存槽33、三乙基胺储存槽34、泵送设备35、反应室36、气阀设备37、气体分离设备38与氢气储存槽39。甲酸储存槽31、钌氮杂二硫错合物储存槽32、三(邻甲苯基)膦储存槽33与三乙基胺储存槽34分别用来储存甲酸、钌氮杂二硫错合物、三(邻甲苯基)膦与三乙基胺。
泵送设备35具有多个泵送单元，以分别将甲酸储存槽31、钌氮杂二硫错合物储存槽32、三(邻甲苯基)膦储存槽33与三乙基胺储存槽34储存的甲酸、钌氮杂二硫错合物、三(邻甲苯基)膦与三乙基胺送至反应室36的容器361中。反应室36的还具有菲涅尔透镜362，用以将太阳40的日光的光线集中照射至容器361中的溶液363，其中溶液363的溶质包括甲酸、钌氮杂二硫错合物、三(邻甲苯基)膦与三乙基胺，且溶液363的溶剂为二甲基甲酰胺。较佳者，氢气制备系统3还可以包括二甲基甲酰胺储存槽(图未绘出)，并且泵送设备35可以将其储存的二甲基甲酰胺送到反应室36的容器361中。
反应室36的环境可以是常温常压的环境，且无须设置压力控制设备与加热设备来进行加压与加热。反应室36中的溶液363的甲酸在钌氮杂二硫错合物被日光的光线照射的情况下，会开始催化甲酸分解为氢气与二氧化碳。气阀设备37透过阀门的控制，可以让产生的氢气与二氧化碳自反应室36中排出至气体分离设备38。气体分离设备38可以通过物理或化学的方式将氢气与二氧化碳分离，且分离出来的氢气可以被送往氢气储存槽39储存。氢气储存槽39中的氢气可以被各种应用的设备(图未绘出)提取出来，作为能源燃料使用。
接着，请参照图4，图4为本发明实施例的氢气制备方法的氢气产量对应于时间的曲线图。本发明图2的实施例的步骤S21～S24所制备的溶液在4种不同环境下产生的氢气产量对应于时间的曲线如图4的4条曲线所示。在图4中，单纯地将溶液加热到90摄氏度或单纯使用500瓦氙气灯照射溶液时，其在70分钟的反应时间内，并没有显著的氢气产量(如方形与圆形标注的曲线所示)。将溶液加热到90摄氏度并使用500瓦氙气灯照射溶液，虽然可以使氢气产量增加，且增快氢气的产生速率(如三角形标注的曲线所示)，但是相较于使用菲涅尔透镜集中日光的光线照射溶液来产生氢气的方式(如倒三角形标注的曲线所示)，其氢气的产生速率仍然不佳。由图4可以得知，使用菲涅尔透镜集中日光的光线照射溶液来产生氢气的方式较其他三者更优，且相较于现有技术来说，在较佳情况下，其产生氢气的转化效率约为现有技术的转化效率的4倍。
接着，请参照表一，表一列出本发明实施例的氢气制备方法的其他实施例的氢气转化效率的结果，其中表一中的钌氮杂二硫错合物为前述化学结构式(1)的错合物。
表一
综合以上所述，本发明实施例提供一种可以在常温常压的环境下通过日光照射即可以生产氢气的氢气制备方法、系统与用于其中的溶液，其不需要额外的加热或加压设备，故可以减少氢气的制造成本。另外，产生的气体中不会包含一氧化碳，故可以直接将产生的气体用在氢燃料机作为动力来源。
以上所述仅为举例，而不作为限制。任何未脱离本发明的精神与范畴，而对其进行的等效修改或变更，均应包括在本申请专利范围中。
Claims (10)
1.一种氢气制备方法，其特征在于，包括以下步骤：
将作为仿产氢酶活性分子的光催化剂的钌氮杂二硫错合物加入一溶液中；
将有机酸反应物加入该溶液中；
将P-配体加入该溶液中；
将电子提供者加入该溶液中；以及
将光线照射至该溶液，以产生氢气。
2.如权利要求1所述的氢气制备方法，其特征在于，所述有机酸反应物为甲酸，所述P-配体为三(邻甲苯基)，所述电子提供者为三乙基胺，以及所述溶液的溶剂为二甲基甲酰胺。
3.如权利要求2所述的氢气制备方法，其特征在于，所述溶液共5毫升，其中所述二甲基甲酰胺为1毫升，所述钌氮杂二硫错合物为1微摩尔，所述三(邻甲苯基)为3微摩尔，所述溶液的另外4毫升为所述甲酸与所述三乙基胺的混合液，且该混合液中，所述甲酸与所述三乙基胺的摩尔数比为5：2。
4.如权利要求1～3中任意一项所述的氢气制备方法，其特征在于，其中通过菲涅尔透镜将所述光线集中照射至所述溶液，且所述光线为日光的光线。
5.一种氢气制备系统，其特征在于，包括：
反应室，包括：
容器，用以放置溶液；以及
透镜，用以将日光的光线集中照射至该溶液，以产生氢气；
其中该溶液的多个溶质包括作为仿产氢酶活性分子的光催化剂的钌氮杂二硫错合物、有机酸反应物、P-配体与电子提供者。
6.如权利要求5所述的氢气制备系统，其特征在于，其中所述有机酸反应物为甲酸，所述P-配体为三(邻甲苯基)，所述电子提供者为三乙基胺，以及所述溶液的溶剂为二甲基甲酰胺。
7.如权利要求6所述的氢气制备系统，其特征在于，还包括：
多个储存槽，用以储存所述甲酸、三(邻甲苯基)、三乙基胺与二甲基甲酰胺；以及
泵送设备，具有多个泵送单元，用以将所述甲酸、三(邻甲苯基)、三乙基胺与二甲基甲酰胺分别自该储存槽送至所述反应室。
8.如权利要求5所述的氢气制备系统，其特征在于，还包括：
气阀设备，通过阀门的控制，让所述氢气与二氧化碳自所述反应室中排出至气体分离设备；
该气体分离设备，用以将所述氢气与二氧化碳分离；以及
氢气储存槽，用以储存分离的所述氢气。
9.如权利要求5～8中任意一项所述的氢气制备系统，其特征在于，其中所述透镜为菲涅尔透镜。
10.一种用于权利要求1～4任意一项所述的氢气制备方法或权利要求5～9任意一项所述的氢气制备系统中的溶液，其特征在于，包括：
多个溶质，包括作为仿产氢酶活性分子的光催化剂的钌氮杂二硫错合物、作为反应物的酸、作为P-配体的三(邻甲苯基)与作为电子提供者的三乙基胺；以及
溶剂，为二甲基甲酰胺。
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| TWI607963B (zh) | 2017-12-11 |
| US10710878B2 (en) | 2020-07-14 |
| TW201827333A (zh) | 2018-08-01 |
| CN108328572B (zh) | 2021-07-23 |
| US20180201505A1 (en) | 2018-07-19 |
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