CN108320650A - A kind of lower ship open top cabin fire test simulator of ambient wind effect - Google Patents
A kind of lower ship open top cabin fire test simulator of ambient wind effect Download PDFInfo
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- CN108320650A CN108320650A CN201810366028.5A CN201810366028A CN108320650A CN 108320650 A CN108320650 A CN 108320650A CN 201810366028 A CN201810366028 A CN 201810366028A CN 108320650 A CN108320650 A CN 108320650A
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- chamber
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- top cabin
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- G—PHYSICS
- G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
- G09B—EDUCATIONAL OR DEMONSTRATION APPLIANCES; APPLIANCES FOR TEACHING, OR COMMUNICATING WITH, THE BLIND, DEAF OR MUTE; MODELS; PLANETARIA; GLOBES; MAPS; DIAGRAMS
- G09B25/00—Models for purposes not provided for in G09B23/00, e.g. full-sized devices for demonstration purposes
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of ambient winds to act on lower ship open top cabin fire test simulator, including chamber, air feed system and data acquisition processing system；This experimental simulation device is the small-scale experiment platform for influencing to carry out comprehensive system research for specially acting on ambient wind fire behavior in flow of flue gas state, liquid form, flow process and chamber when fire occurs for lower ship open top cabin.Overcome that full-scale experiment is of a high price and numerical simulation tool inaccurate feature on the basis of forefathers, the repeatability in turn ensuring experiment controls and optimizes smoke discharging effect for carrying out laboratory science research and practical ship open top cabin flue gas and have larger application value.The design of smoke evacuation system has actual directive significance when to the fire in ship open top cabin.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to technical field of fire hazard safety, act on more particularly to a kind of ambient wind and being opened at the top of lower ship
Mouth cabin fire test simulator, for the open-topped restricted clearance endogenous fire of ship under acting on horizontal wind forced convection
The research of calamity behavior.
Background technology
Global economic development accelerates the development of marine trade, promotes global shipping business.At the same time, marine ships
Fire safety evaluating problem is also further prominent.Different from land building fire, ship's space is mostly open top, evacuating personnel outlet
It is few, and fire smoke can not effectively be discharged, so fire once occurs, loss will be huge.
In fact, ship sail is inevitably influenced by ambient wind.In the lower ship's space of ambient wind effect
Outer gas transport mechanism and feature also with had differences under no-wind environment, the lower ship open top cabin of ambient wind effect is horizontal
Opening is also influenced by horizontal forced convection not only by the coupling of the bulbs of pressure in cabin and buoyancy, these are
So that cabin Indoor Combustion product transport process will be different with extraneous calm situation, and air is mixed with flue gas at horizontal opening
The mixed pattern exchanged is more complicated.
The research of forefathers only transports progress to the flue gas at the lower Zhongting of ambient wind effect, the isostructural natural draught system mouth in tunnel
It inquires into, Yi Liang et al. using Double-area model has studied influence of the horizontal wind to chamber fire natural draught system, and proposes with net
Coefficient of wind pres characterizes environment wind action.Yangdong et al. has studied the influence discharged fume at the horizontal opening of environment wind pressure centering front yard,
The series model of hot pressing and its driving horizontal opening smoke evacuation below quantitative description chamber opening is established, and discloses influence level
The principal element of opening smoke exhaust efficiency.Model pass just et al. for influence of the external environment wind to tunnel shaft natural draught system efficiency into
Analog study is gone.Discipline outstanding person et al. has carried out experiment for the open Room in Fire characteristic parameter of door and window under the influence of extraneous wind speed and has ground
Study carefully.Chow et al. analyzes the influence of ambient wind, buoyancy and the interaction of thermal expansion to the chamber fire behavior of vertical dual openings.
Venkatasubbaiah et al. has studied when wind acts on upper layer chamber side door Thermal plume in chamber using Large eddy simulation method
Behavioural characteristic.
However, due to the particularity of open top cabin structure, previous test data and numerical simulation result cannot fill
Divide and discloses and act on lower ship top single radial cut chamber inside fire behavior and air-flow transport behavior for analyzing ambient wind, it is more important
, full-scale whole ship fire test needs to transfer a large amount of manpower, material resources and financial resources, and condition is difficult to control, experiment is not easy to open up
It opens.So carrying out the small-scale experiment research for meeting similarity theory, can preferably disclose single at the top of the lower ship of ambient wind effect
The behavior of atrium inside fire and air-flow transport behavior.Meanwhile small-scale experiment have easy handling, good reproducibility with
And measurement result it is with a high credibility the advantages that.
Invention content
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of ambient winds to act on lower ship open top cabin fire test simulator, is
It can ship open top cabin fire-resistance behavior namely horizontal wind be strong under abundant research environment wind effect under the scale of laboratory
Compel fire-resistance behavior in the restricted clearance of convection action next top opening.
The present invention takes following technical scheme：
A kind of lower ship open top cabin fire test simulator of ambient wind effect, including chamber, air feed system, with
And data acquisition processing system；
The chamber, is the cuboid being made of five face steel plates and one side transparent glass, and an oil is placed in bottom in chamber
Disk, food tray is interior to place liquid fuel used for combustion；
The air feed system, including be arranged in the small-sized brattice in chamber side, wind turbine side is fixed with the more array barretters of one side,
It is uniformly distinguished and admirable for providing；
The data acquisition processing system includes mass measurement system, temperature measurement system, gas component measuring system, wind
Fast measuring system and camera system, wherein：The mass measurement system be in the chamber, food tray bottom place and weigh balance, use
In real-time display and record fuel oil quality in food tray；The temperature measurement system include be the indoor multi beam of chamber from top to bottom
Thermocouple beam, including food tray surface, four wall of chamber center；The gas component measuring system is that one is arranged in the cavity
Gas component measuring point, the tested gas access gas analyzer from the gas component measuring point carry out gas component measurement；Institute
State wind velocity measurement system and be included at the open top position of the upper layer chamber setting velocity of flue gas measuring point, and wind turbine with
A branch of wind speed measuring point is placed between chamber；The camera system is that a video camera is set up on the right side of chamber, for recording chamber in real time
Inside fire behavior.
Wherein, the chamber is using stainless steel as material, and the one side transparent glass in the chamber is with tempered glass
For material.
Wherein, the top steel plate opening of the chamber, and it is detachable, to study the operating mode of different openings size and position,
So preparing polylith has the top steel plate of different openings size and position.
Wherein, the junction between the side wall glass and bottom plate of the chamber is sealed by sealing strip and fluid sealant.
Wherein, a food tray is placed in bottom in the chamber, can replace various sizes of food tray according to different working condition requirements.
Wherein, the food tray can be placed in bottom any position in chamber.
Wherein, the liquid fuel is normal heptane.
Wherein, speed governing valve is arranged in the wind turbine, and wind speed is adjustable.
Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the beneficial effect that：
1, the present invention directly uses pond fire as burning things which may cause a fire disaster, can simulate the top when natural fire under ambient wind effect
Opening flow of flue gas, and can clearly monitor whole experiment process and phenomenon by transparent sides glass.
2, speed governing valve is arranged in the present invention on wind turbine, so as to study under the effect of varying environment wind forced convection
Fire-resistance behavior in the open-topped restricted clearance of ship.
3, the present invention is set as dismountable structure, and the top plate by the way that different openings size and position is arranged can be used for studying
Under conditions of different openings size and position, the fire-resistance behavior of open top chamber.
4, experimentation of the present invention is controllable, and repeatability is high, it is easy to operate and meanwhile compared with computer simulation method accuracy
It is high.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the entirety of the present invention that lower ship open top cabin fire test simulator is acted on using ambient wind
Structural schematic diagram；
Fig. 2 is the different top aperture position schematic diagrames of upper plate of chamber 6；
Fig. 3 is of the present invention using a kind of lower reality of ship open top cabin fire test simulator of ambient wind effect
Apply the A-A sections and sensor layout schematic diagram of example；Wherein, Fig. 3 (a) is A-A diagrammatic cross-sections in Fig. 1, and Fig. 3 (b) is sensing
Device arrangement schematic diagram；
Fig. 4 is of the present invention using a kind of lower reality of ship open top cabin fire test simulator of ambient wind effect
Apply the B-B diagrammatic cross-sections of example.
Figure label：1- brattices；2- rectifying tubes；3- tachometric survey beams；4- open tops；5- video cameras；6- chambers；7a-
First thermocouple tree；7b- the second thermocouple trees；7c- third thermocouple trees；The 4th thermocouple trees of 7d-；8a- first gas concentration
Measure beam；8b- second gas measurement of concetration beams；8c- third gas measurement of concetration beams；9- food trays (burning things which may cause a fire disaster)；10- wind turbines；11- is whole
Flow tube net；12- laser light sheets；13- speed governing valves.
Specific implementation mode
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, the present invention is further described by embodiment.
Referring to Fig. 1, the lower ship open top cabin fire test simulator of ambient wind effect includes chamber in the present embodiment
Room 6, air feed system and data acquisition processing system.Chamber 6 is whole to be made of steel plate, and upper plate is detachable, and with difference
Opening size and aperture position, right side wall are transparent glass.6 bottom of chamber is placed with food tray, and fuel oil, food tray bottom are placed in food tray
Balance of weighing is placed in portion, for real-time display and records fuel oil quality in food tray.
Referring to Fig. 1, entire experimental simulation device such as schemes to place, be respectively from left to right air feed system, tachometric survey beam 3,
Chamber 6, video camera 5.Video camera 5 is erected at 6 right side of chamber, and 6 right side glass of face chamber, for shooting in record chamber 6
Experimental phenomena.Air feed system includes brattice 1 and rectifying tube 2 and speed governing valve 13.
Referring to Fig. 2, the upper plate of chamber 6 is detachable, can install the top plate with different top aperture positions and size, uses
Influence of the different open top operating modes to chamber inside fire behavior under the effect of research environment wind.
Referring to Fig. 3 (a) and Fig. 3 (b), 9 surface of food tray, 6 inner periphery of chamber place totally 4 beam thermocouple beam, respectively
First thermocouple tree 7a；Second thermocouple tree 7b；Third thermocouple tree 7c；4th thermocouple tree 7d, for recording chamber Indoor Temperature
Degree variation.Laser light sheet 12 is used to measure the gas flowing at wind effect next top opening 4.In 6 inner distance food tray 9 of chamber
First gas measurement of concetration beam 8a, second gas measurement of concetration beam 8b and third gas is respectively set in horizontal direction at different location
Bulk concentration measures beam 8c, for the gas concentration at recording distance burning things which may cause a fire disaster different level distance.
Referring to Fig. 4, brattice 1 is made of two wind turbines 10, and wind turbine 10 is vertically stacked and placed, face right chamber 6, wind turbine 10
Right side is fixed with rectification pipe network 11, uniformly distinguished and admirable for providing for the more array barretters of one side.It places on 11 right side of rectification pipe network
As the tachometric survey beam 3 of wind speed measuring point, the wind speed for recording wind turbine offer.
Referring to Fig. 1, the Preparatory work of experiment stage places food tray 9 in chamber 6, pours into fuel oil.When experiment starts, first turn on
Then wind turbine 10, video camera 5 and data acquisition processing system are ignited fuel oil in food tray 9 using igniter.After igniting, chamber 6
Inside is brought rapidly up, and thermocouple beam records each measuring point temperature in real time.Wind turbine 10 provides uniform ambient wind velocity, passes through tachometric survey
Beam 3 records real-time wind speed.4 chamber fire-resistance behavior of open top under the record ambient wind effect in real time of 6 right camera 5 of chamber.
Data collecting system real-time reception and record the mass loss rate value of fuel oil in food tray 9, each temperature point value in the inside of chamber 6,
Gas component concentrations value and ambient wind velocity value.
What the present invention did not elaborated partly belongs to techniques well known.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of lower ship open top cabin fire test simulator of ambient wind effect, it is characterised in that：The fire
Experimental simulation device includes：Chamber, air feed system and data acquisition processing system；
The chamber, is the cuboid being made of five face steel plates and one side transparent glass, and a food tray, oil are placed in bottom in chamber
Liquid fuel used for combustion is placed in disk；
The air feed system, including be arranged in the small-sized brattice in chamber side, wind turbine side is fixed with the more array barretters of one side, is used for
It provides uniformly distinguished and admirable；
The data acquisition processing system includes mass measurement system, temperature measurement system, gas component measuring system, wind speed survey
Amount system and camera system, wherein：The mass measurement system be in the chamber, food tray bottom place and weigh balance, for real
When show and record fuel oil quality in food tray；The temperature measurement system include be thermoelectricity in the indoor multi beam of chamber from top to bottom
Even beam, including food tray surface, four wall of chamber center；The gas component measuring system is that a gas is arranged in the cavity
Component measuring point, the tested gas access gas analyzer from the gas component measuring point carry out gas component measurement；The wind
Fast measuring system is included in setting velocity of flue gas measuring point at the open top position of the upper layer chamber, and in wind turbine and chamber
Between place a branch of wind speed measuring point；The camera system is that a video camera is set up on the right side of chamber, for recording in chamber in real time
Fire-resistance behavior.
2. the lower ship open top cabin fire test simulator of ambient wind effect according to claim 1, feature
It is：The chamber is using stainless steel as material, and the one side transparent glass in the chamber is using tempered glass as material.
3. the lower ship open top cabin fire test simulator of ambient wind effect according to claim 1, feature
It is：The top steel plate opening of the chamber, and it is detachable, to study the operating mode of different openings size and position, so preparing
Polylith has the top steel plate of different openings size and position.
4. the lower ship open top cabin fire test simulator of ambient wind effect according to claim 1, feature
It is：Junction between the side wall glass and bottom plate of the chamber is sealed by sealing strip and fluid sealant.
5. the lower ship open top cabin fire test simulator of ambient wind effect according to claim 1, feature
It is：A food tray is placed in bottom in the chamber, can replace various sizes of food tray according to different working condition requirements.
6. the lower ship open top cabin fire test simulator of ambient wind effect according to claim 1, feature
It is：The food tray can be placed in bottom any position in chamber.
7. the lower ship open top cabin fire test simulator of ambient wind effect according to claim 1, feature
It is：The liquid fuel is normal heptane.
8. the lower ship open top cabin fire test simulator of ambient wind effect according to claim 1, feature
It is：Speed governing valve is arranged in the wind turbine, and wind speed is adjustable.
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| CN201810366028.5A CN108320650A (en) | 2018-04-23 | 2018-04-23 | A kind of lower ship open top cabin fire test simulator of ambient wind effect |
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| CN201810366028.5A CN108320650A (en) | 2018-04-23 | 2018-04-23 | A kind of lower ship open top cabin fire test simulator of ambient wind effect |
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Cited By (6)
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| CN109254109A (en) * | 2018-10-30 | 2019-01-22 | 陈兵 | A kind of research confined fire property testing system |
| CN110439841A (en) * | 2019-08-19 | 2019-11-12 | 中国科学技术大学 | Stabilization air flow system for the test of external-wall heat-insulation material combustion simulation |
| CN111442847A (en) * | 2020-04-02 | 2020-07-24 | 华侨大学 | Simulation boats and ships conflagration spreads testing arrangement |
| CN113405978A (en) * | 2021-06-21 | 2021-09-17 | 中国科学技术大学 | Fire smoke damage simulation system |
| CN115909878A (en) * | 2022-12-12 | 2023-04-04 | 中国科学技术大学 | Small-scale multi-layer cabin-holding section fire smoke flow experiment simulation device |
| CN115909878B (en) * | 2022-12-12 | 2024-05-28 | 中国科学技术大学 | Small-scale multi-layer accommodation section fire smoke flow experiment simulation device |
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN109254109A (en) * | 2018-10-30 | 2019-01-22 | 陈兵 | A kind of research confined fire property testing system |
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| CN111442847A (en) * | 2020-04-02 | 2020-07-24 | 华侨大学 | Simulation boats and ships conflagration spreads testing arrangement |
| CN113405978A (en) * | 2021-06-21 | 2021-09-17 | 中国科学技术大学 | Fire smoke damage simulation system |
| CN115909878A (en) * | 2022-12-12 | 2023-04-04 | 中国科学技术大学 | Small-scale multi-layer cabin-holding section fire smoke flow experiment simulation device |
| CN115909878B (en) * | 2022-12-12 | 2024-05-28 | 中国科学技术大学 | Small-scale multi-layer accommodation section fire smoke flow experiment simulation device |
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