CN108299448A - 一种合成4H-呋喃[2,3-d]嘧啶-4-酮衍生物的方法 - Google Patents

一种合成4H-呋喃[2,3-d]嘧啶-4-酮衍生物的方法 Download PDF

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CN108299448A
CN108299448A CN201810252592.4A CN201810252592A CN108299448A CN 108299448 A CN108299448 A CN 108299448A CN 201810252592 A CN201810252592 A CN 201810252592A CN 108299448 A CN108299448 A CN 108299448A
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pyrimidin
furans
pyridine
hydroxyls
pyrazine
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李江胜
陈郭芹
杨倩
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Changsha University of Science and Technology
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    • C07ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07DHETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07D491/00Heterocyclic compounds containing in the condensed ring system both one or more rings having oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms and one or more rings having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, not provided for by groups C07D451/00 - C07D459/00, C07D463/00, C07D477/00 or C07D489/00
    • C07D491/12Heterocyclic compounds containing in the condensed ring system both one or more rings having oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms and one or more rings having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, not provided for by groups C07D451/00 - C07D459/00, C07D463/00, C07D477/00 or C07D489/00 in which the condensed system contains three hetero rings
    • C07D491/14Ortho-condensed systems
    • C07D491/147Ortho-condensed systems the condensed system containing one ring with oxygen as ring hetero atom and two rings with nitrogen as ring hetero atom

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Abstract

本发明公开了一种合成4H‑呋喃[2,3‑d]嘧啶‑4‑酮衍生物的方法。该方法是以2,3‑二氯‑5,6‑二氰基‑1,4‑苯醌为丁烯二腈砌块,与2‑羟基‑4H‑吡啶(或吡嗪)并[1,2‑a]嘧啶‑4‑酮类化合物于干燥的有机溶剂中,在室温下反应数小时,得到目标产物。该方法克服了现有方法中,高温、强酸等苛刻反应条件,步骤繁琐,方法实用范围窄等缺点。本发明公开的合成方法将在4H‑呋喃[2,3‑d]嘧啶‑4‑酮衍生物,特别是4H‑呋喃[2,3‑d]吡啶(或吡嗪)[1,2‑a]嘧啶‑4‑酮衍生物的研究领域发挥重要作用。

Description

一种合成4H-呋喃[2,3-d]嘧啶-4-酮衍生物的方法
技术领域
本发明涉及一种4H-呋喃[2,3-d]嘧啶-4-酮衍生物的制备方法,具体地说,涉及一种由2-羟基-4H-吡啶(或吡嗪)并[1,2-a]嘧啶-4-酮类化合物与2,3-二氯-5,6-二氰基-1,4-苯醌反应制备4H-呋喃[2,3-d]吡啶(或吡嗪)[1,2-a]嘧啶-4-酮衍生物的方法。
背景技术
吡啶并嘧啶酮结构存在于许多天然产物和具有生物活性的分子中,例如Ramastine, Risperidone和SSR69071等。这些化合物具有杀菌、镇痛、抗肿瘤、抗-HIV等生理活性。呋喃[2,3-d]吡啶[1,2-a]嘧啶和呋喃[2,3-d]吡嗪[1,2-a]嘧啶是两类重要的三环嘧啶衍生物,因其具有潜在的生物和药理活性而受到关注。但至今仅有少量方法可以制备呋喃[2,3-d]吡啶[1,2-a]嘧啶-4-酮类化合物。主要包括:1)2-羟基-3-乙烯基-4H-吡啶并嘧啶-4-酮类化合物强酸(例如三氟甲磺酸)催化环合(Acta Chem. Scand.,1999,53,901-909;Tetrahedron Lett., 2003, 44(9), 1939-1941),但此方法仅适用于烯烃2-位双烷基取代的情况,且环合产物为氢化呋喃[2,3-d]吡啶[1,2-a]嘧啶-4-酮衍生物;2)以2-羟基-4H-吡啶并[1,2-a]嘧啶-4-酮为原料,经C-甲酰基化,再与溴乙酸乙酯O-烷基化,浓盐酸水解,最后在醋酸钠-醋酸酐体系中分子内环合,制得2,3-位不含取代基的4H-呋喃[2,3-d]吡啶[1,2-a]嘧啶-4-酮(Indian J. Chem., Sect. B, 1991,30B(9),839-842);3)以2-羟基-4H-吡啶并[1,2-a]嘧啶-4-酮为原料,经Mannich反应,与碘甲烷进一步N-甲基化得到季铵盐,然后与氰化钾反应,得到2-羟基-3-氰甲基-4H-吡啶并[1,2-a]嘧啶-4-酮,最后在醋酸中加热分子内环合,制得2-氨基-4H-呋喃[2,3-d]吡啶[1,2-a]嘧啶-4-酮(Mansoura Sci. Bull., A: Chem., 2004, 31(1), 215-226);4)以2-羟基-4H-吡啶并[1,2-a]嘧啶-4-酮为原料,与溴乙酸乙酯选择性O-烷基化,再与原甲酸三乙酯于NN-二甲基甲酰胺中反应,环化制得2-乙氧羰基-4H-呋喃[2,3-d]吡啶[1,2-a]嘧啶-4-酮(J. Mex. Chem. Soc., 2009,53(2), 48-54)。
纵观文献,现有技术中存在的缺陷是:需要用强酸、高温等反应条件,步骤复杂,选择性和产率低,底物适用范围窄或仅报道了单一例子等。
因此,提供一种步骤简洁、条件温和、成本低廉及对环境友好的4H-呋喃[2,3-d]吡啶(或吡嗪)[1,2-a]嘧啶-4-酮衍生物制备方法成为本发明需要解决的技术问题。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种工艺简单、环境友好的4H-呋喃[2,3-d]嘧啶-4-酮衍生物的方法。
本发明所要制备的4H-呋喃[2,3-d]嘧啶-4-酮衍生物,其结构式如式Ⅱ所示:
而本发明所提供的制备式Ⅱ所示化合物的方法,其特征在于,所述方法的主要步骤是将2,3-二氯-5,6-二氰基-1,4-苯醌(DDQ)与式Ⅰ所示的2-羟基-4H-吡啶(或吡嗪)并[1,2-a]嘧啶-4-酮类化合物于干燥有机溶剂中,在室温条件下反应数小时,得到目标产物Ⅱ;
其中,R为氢,甲基;X为CH,N。
所述的有机溶剂是指卤代烃、羧酸酯、烷基腈、硝基烷烃,通常是指硝基甲烷,乙腈,乙酸乙酯,二氯甲烷,三氯甲烷,1,2-二氯乙烷,优选乙腈和乙酸乙酯。
所述室温是指20℃~30℃。
本发明的特点是:以易得的2-羟基-4H-吡啶(或吡嗪)并[1,2-a]嘧啶-4-酮类化合物(式Ⅰ所示化合物)和2,3-二氯-5,6-二氰基-1,4-苯醌为原料,经一步反应即可得到目标产物(式Ⅱ所示化合物),克服了现有技术中需要采用强酸、高温等反应条件,步骤复杂,产率低,底物适用范围窄等不足。
下面结合具体实例对本发明做进一步详细说明。
具体实施方式
下述实施中所用方法如无特殊说明均为常规方法。
实施例1、以2-羟基-4H-吡啶并[1,2-a]嘧啶-4-酮与2,3-二氯-5,6-二氰基-1,4-苯醌合成4H-呋喃[2,3-d]吡啶[1,2-a]嘧啶-4-酮,并检测不同溶剂对氧化环合反应的影响(以式所示Ⅱ-1化合物为例)
往反应瓶中,先后加入2,3-二氯-5,6-二氰基-1,4-苯醌(1.5mmol)、2-羟基-4H-吡啶并[1,2-a]嘧啶-4-酮(0.5mmol)和不同反应溶剂(2mL)(硝基甲烷、乙腈、乙酸乙酯、1,2-二氯乙烷、二氯甲烷),于室温下反应6h。用乙酸乙酯溶解固体,得到澄清溶液,用饱和碳酸钠水溶液洗涤至水溶液基本无色。有机相蒸干,用硅胶柱层析或(和)重结晶分离出目标产物,计算分离收率如表1所示,其中,在乙腈中目标产物Ⅱ-1的收率获得最高值,为76%,将最佳溶剂定为乙腈。
Mp>270oC.1H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO) δ 9.12 (d, J = 6.8 Hz, 1H), 8.22 (t, J= 7.8 Hz, 1H), 7.87 (d, J = 8.8 Hz, 1H), 7.56 (t, J = 7.0 Hz, 1H). 13C NMR(101 MHz, DMSO) δ 163.9, 153.2, 151.3, 141.0, 128.9, 128.5, 126.0, 117.6,110.0, 109.9, 105.1, 97.8。
表1 不同反应溶剂对氧化环化反应的影响
反应溶剂 硝基甲烷 乙腈 乙酸乙酯 1,2-二氯乙烷 二氯甲烷
分离收率(%) 70 76 74 67 68
实施例2、式所示Ⅱ-2化合物的合成
以2-羟基-9-甲基-4H-吡啶并[1,2-a]嘧啶-4-酮代替实施例1中的2-羟基-4H-吡啶并[1,2-a]嘧啶-4-酮,于乙腈中反应,其他反应条件均与实施例1相同,收率59%。
Mp 249-251oC.1H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO) δ 9.01 (d, J = 6.8 Hz, 1H), 8.12(d, J = 6.8 Hz, 1H), 7.48 (t, J = 6.8 Hz, 1H) , 2.56 (s, 3H). 13C NMR (101MHz, DMSO) δ 163.5, 153.5, 150.7, 139.6, 134.2, 128.6, 126.9, 116.9, 110.0,109.9, 105.1, 97.6, 18.1。
实施例2、式所示Ⅱ-3化合物的合成
以2-羟基-8-甲基-4H-吡啶并[1,2-a]嘧啶-4-酮代替实施例1中的2-羟基-4H-吡啶并[1,2-a]嘧啶-4-酮,其他反应条件均与实施例1相同,收率40%。
Mp 263-265 oC.1H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO) δ 9.00 (d, J = 7.2 Hz, 1H), 7.70(s, 1H), 7.43 (d, J = 7.2 Hz, 1H), 2.56 (s, 3H). 13C NMR (101 MHz, DMSO) δ164.2, 153.6, 153.1, 151.0, 128.1, 124.1, 119.9, 110.0, 109.9, 105.2, 97.2,21.5。
实施例2、式所示Ⅱ-4化合物的合成
以2-羟基-4H-吡嗪并[1,2-a]嘧啶-4-酮代替实施例1中的2-羟基-4H-吡啶并[1,2-a]嘧啶-4-酮,其他反应条件均与实施例1相同,收率95%。
Mp>270oC.1H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO) δ 9.38 (s, 1H), 8.89 (d, J = 4. Hz,1H), 8.47 (d, J = 4. Hz, 1H). 13C NMR (101 MHz, DMSO) δ 163.6, 153.2, 152.5,144.3, 133.4, 130.38, 118.8, 109.7, 109.6, 104.8, 101.2。

Claims (4)

1.一种制备式Ⅱ所示化合物的方法,其特征在于,在室温下,由式Ⅰ所示2-羟基-4H-吡啶(或吡嗪)并[1,2-a]嘧啶-4-酮类化合物与2,3-二氯-5,6-二氰基-1,4-苯醌(DDQ)于有机溶剂中反应数小时,得到式Ⅱ所示目标产物4H-呋喃[2,3-d]嘧啶-4-酮衍生物:
其中,R为氢、烷基;X为CH,N。
2.如权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于,其中所述的有机溶剂是硝基甲烷,乙腈,乙酸乙酯,二氯甲烷,三氯甲烷,1,2-二氯乙烷,优选乙腈和乙酸乙酯。
3.如权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于,其中R为氢、甲基;X为CH,N。
4.如权利要求3所述的方法,其特征在于,其中所用2-羟基-4H-吡啶(或吡嗪)并[1,2-a]嘧啶-4-酮类化合物是:2-羟基-4H-吡啶并[1,2-a]嘧啶-4-酮、2-羟基-9-甲基-1H-吡啶并[1,2-a]嘧啶-4-酮、2-羟基-8-甲基-1H-吡啶并[1,2-a]嘧啶-4-酮、2-羟基-4H-吡嗪并[1,2-a]嘧啶-4-酮。
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