CN108299303B - 一种四芳基吡唑类化合物的合成新方法 - Google Patents

一种四芳基吡唑类化合物的合成新方法 Download PDF

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CN108299303B
CN108299303B CN201810158960.9A CN201810158960A CN108299303B CN 108299303 B CN108299303 B CN 108299303B CN 201810158960 A CN201810158960 A CN 201810158960A CN 108299303 B CN108299303 B CN 108299303B
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鄢明
童朗
张学景
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Abstract

本发明提供了一种合成四芳基吡唑类化合物的新方法。该方法采用腙及二芳基乙炔为原料,在一定温度下,加入一种碱,在溶剂中反应,即可得到四芳基吡唑类化合物。该方法操作简便、反应收率高、反应中无需使用过渡金属催化剂,对于四芳基吡唑类化合物的工业制备具有很高的应用价值。

Description

一种四芳基吡唑类化合物的合成新方法
技术领域
本发明涉及一种四芳基吡唑类化合物的合成新方法,属有机合成领域。
背景技术
多取代吡唑类化合物具有广泛的生物活性,如抗炎药物塞来昔布、杀菌剂吡噻菌胺、杀虫剂芬普尼、抗癌药物依鲁替尼等。当吡唑环上连接有多个芳基取代基时,这类化合物还具有优良的光电性质,在光电材料领域得到广泛应用。现有的多取代吡唑类化合物的合成方法包括:1)钯催化的吡唑化合物的取代反应(J.Org.Chem.2008,73,4309;J.Am.Chem.Soc.2009,131,3042);2)肼与1,3-二酮的环化反应(Org.Lett.2006,8,2675);3)腙与烯烃或炔烃的分子内、分子间环化反应(JOrg.Chem.2014,79,10170;Org.Lett.2013,15,5967;J.Org.Chem.2015,80,4325;Org.Lett.2014,16,5940)。上述方法存在使用昂贵的过渡金属催化剂、反应条件苛刻、反应收率较低或者使用易爆的叠氮化合物等缺点。同时,采用上述方法主要用于构建三取代以下的吡唑,不适用于合成四取代吡唑类化合物。鉴于多取代吡唑类化合物在合成药物和光电材料领域的应用价值,其高效、低成本和绿色环保的合成方法具有重要的工业应用前景。
本发明提供一种四芳基吡唑类化合物的合成新方法。该方法采用芳基腙和二芳基乙炔为原料,在一定温度下,加入一种碱,在溶剂中反应,即可得到四芳基吡唑类化合物。该方法操作简便、反应收率高、反应中无需使用过渡金属催化剂,对于四芳基吡唑类化合物的工业制备具有很高的应用价值。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种合成四芳基砜类化合物的新方法。
具体的技术方案如下:
一种式(I)所示的四芳基吡唑类化合物的合成方法,其特征在于采用式(II)所示的腙及式(III)所示的芳基乙炔为原料,在一定温度下,加入一种碱,在溶剂中反应,得到式(I)所示的四芳基吡唑类化合物;所述的式(I)、式(II)和式(III)的化合物结构如下:
Figure BSA0000159654310000021
其中:
Ar1,Ar2可以相同也可以不同,代表无取代、单取代或者多取代的苯基、萘基、噻吩基、呋喃基、吡啶基、嘧啶基、喹啉基、苯并呋喃基,其中取代基可以是甲基、乙基、C3~C6烷基及环烷基、氟、氯、甲氧基、三氟甲基、腈基;Ar3代表无取代、单取代或者多取代的苯基、萘基、噻吩基、呋喃基、吡啶基、嘧啶基、喹啉基、苯并呋喃基,其中取代基可以是甲基、乙基、C3~C6烷基及环烷基、氟、氯、甲氧基、三氟甲基、腈基;
所述的碱为叔丁醇钾、叔丁醇钠、叔丁醇锂、甲醇钾、甲醇钠、乙醇钾、乙醇钠;
所述的溶剂为N,N-二甲基甲酰胺、N,N-二甲基乙酰胺、二甲基亚砜、乙腈、四氢呋喃。
优选地,所述的碱为叔丁醇钾。
优选地,所述的碱相对于式(II)所示的腙的用量的摩尔比为0.1∶1~3∶1。
优选地,所述方法采用的溶剂为N,N-二甲基甲酰胺。
优选地,所述方法采用的反应温度为90℃。
优选地,所述方法采用的反应时间为2~10小时。
本发明所述的合成四芳基吡唑类化合物的方法,具有操作简便、反应收率高、无需使用过渡金属催化剂的优点,对于四芳基吡唑类化合物的工业制备具有很高的应用价值。
具体实施方式
以下结合实施例对本发明做进一步的阐述,但这些实施例不是对本发明的限制。
实施例1
Figure BSA0000159654310000022
在250mL的圆底烧瓶中,加入IIa(2.261g,10.0mmol)、IIIa(5.342g,30.0mmol)、叔丁醇钾(1.122g,10.0mmol)和DMF(100.0mL)。在氮气保护下,反应液在90℃下搅拌4小时。加水(120mL)淬灭反应,反应液用二氯甲烷(100mL×2)萃取。合并的萃取液用无水硫酸钠干燥,过滤,减压除去溶剂。残余物通过硅胶柱层析纯化(石油醚/乙酸乙酯混合溶剂为洗脱剂),得到淡黄色粘稠物Ia(3.177g,收率79%)。1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ7.57-7.55(m,2H),7.50-7.44(m,4H),7.40-7.34(m,3H),7.32-7.27(m,3H),7.25-7.15(m,5H),6.83(t,J=8.8Hz,2H),3.78(s,3H);13C NMR(101MHz,CDCl3)δ159.89,145.48,136.13,135.81,134.24,134.16,130.12,129.12,129.07,129.01,128.86,128.74,128.69,128.51,127.88,126.21,120.32,114.56,113.97,55.36;HRMS(ESI)calcd for C28H23N2O(M+H)+:403.1805,found:403.1814。
实施例2
采用与实施例1相同的方法,以甲醇钾替代叔丁醇钾,得到Ia(2.492g,收率62%)。
实施例3
采用与实施例1相同的方法,以DMSO替代DMF为溶剂,得到Ia(2.173g,收率54%)。
实施例4
采用与实施例1相同的方法,采用的反应温度为60℃,得到Ia(1.205g,收率30%)。
实施例5
Figure BSA0000159654310000031
采用与实施例1相同的方法,以IIb(2.101g,10.0mmol)替代IIa为原料,得到淡黄色粘稠物Ib(2.587g,收率67%)。1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ7.59-7.47(m,4H),7.46-7.37(m,4H),7.33-7.25(m,3H),7.24-7.09(m,7H),6.84(t,J=7.3Hz,1H),2.32(s,3H);13C NMR(101MHz,CDCl3)δ145.41,138.22,136.32,135.70,134.16,134.09,133.45,130.11,129.15,129.10,128.98,128.81,128.72,128.68,128.50,126.47,126.15,120.45,114.63,21.31;HRMS(ESI)calcd for C28H23N2(M+H)+:387.1856,found:387.1866。
实施例6
Figure BSA0000159654310000041
采用与实施例1相同的方法,以IIc(1.961g,10.0mmol)替代IIa为原料,得到淡黄色粘稠物Ic(1.898g,收率51%)。1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ7.64-7.56(m,3H),7.51-7.47(m,2H),7.46-7.37(m,5H),7.33-7.27(m,3H),7.25-7.17(m,6H),6.85(t,J=7.3Hz,1H);13CNMR(101MHz,CDCl3)δ145.34,136.17,136.09,135.59,134.08,134.03,130.14,129.13,129.02,128.81,128.74,128.55,128.44,128.17,126.52,126.12,120.64,114.70;HRMS(ESI)calcd for C27H21N2(M+H)+:373.1699,found:373.1691。
实施例7
Figure BSA0000159654310000042
采用与实施例1相同的方法,以IId(2.301g,10.0mmol)替代IIa为原料,得到淡黄色粘稠物Id(1.827g,收率45%)。1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ7.62-7.59(m,3H),7.49-7.39(m,5H),7.34-7.28(m,6H),7.24-7.14(m,5H);13C NMR(101MHz,CDCl3)δ144.03,136.90,135.87,135.27,133.86,133.80,130.38,129.12,129.10,128.94,128.83,128.76,128.50,128.46,126.62,126.04,125.49,115.77;HRMS(ESI)calcd for C27H20N2Cl(M+H)+:407.1310,found:407.1295。
实施例8
Figure BSA0000159654310000051
采用与实施例1相同的方法,以IIe(2.301g,10.0mmol)替代IIa为原料,得到淡黄色粘稠物Ie(1.827g,收率37%)。1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ7.67(d,J=8.4Hz,2H),7.59-7.52(m,3H),7.50-7.40(m,6H),7.36-7.28(m,3H),7.26-7.19(m,4H),6.92(t,J=7.3Hz,1H);13CNMR(101MHz,CDCl3)δ144.85,140.54,135.02,133.69,133.63,133.37,132.26,130.19,129.33,129.21,129.07,128.89,128.86,128.80,126.68,125.94,121.69,119.17,115.10,110.70;HRMS(ESI)calcd for C28H20N3(M+H)+:398.1652,found:398.1658。
实施例9
Figure BSA0000159654310000052
采用与实施例1相同的方法,以IIf(2.601g,10.0mmol)替代IIa为原料,得到淡黄色固体If(2.660g,收率61%)。1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ7.59-7.52(m,3H),7.48-7.40(m,5H),7.34-7.27(m,4H),7.25-7.20(m,2H),7.14(d,J=9.2Hz,2H),6.85(d,J=8.8Hz,2H),3.79(s,3H);13C NMR(101MHz,CDCl3)δ160.08,144.12,136.87,135.41,133.93,133.89,130.34,129.09,129.06,128.88,128.81,128.78,128.69,127.98,126.09,125.07,115.57,114.01,55.37;HRMS(ESI)calcd for C28H22N2OCl(M+H)+:437.1415,found:437.1394。
实施例10
Figure BSA0000159654310000061
采用与实施例1相同的方法,以IIg(3.041g,10.0mmol)替代IIa为原料,得到淡黄色固体Ig(2.784g,收率58%)。1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ7.59-7.54(m,3H),7.52-7.41(m,5H),7.38-7.28(m,6H),7.27-7.20(m,2H),6.88(d,J=8.9Hz,2H),3.83(s,3H);13C NMR(101MHz,CDCl3)δ160.09,144.55,136.94,135.34,133.89,133.76,131.93,130.36,129.08,128.88,128.81,128.76,128.69,128.65,127.99,126.06,116.01,113.99,112.47,55.36;HRMS(ESI)calcd for C28H22N2OBr(M+H)+:481.0910,found:481.0897。
实施例11
Figure BSA0000159654310000062
采用与实施例1相同的方法,以IIh(2.021g,10.0mmol)替代IIa为原料,得到淡黄色固体Ih(1.739g,收率46%)。1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ7.75(s,1H),7.52-7.40(m,5H),7.37-7.29(m,4H),7.26-7.19(m,5H),6.95-6.89(m,2H),6.85(t,J=7.2Hz,1H);13C NMR(101MHz,CDCl3)δ144.92,141.75,135.36,133.85,133.81,130.98,130.15,129.13,129.05,128.85,128.82,128.79,128.61,127.13,126.71,126.08,125.47,120.68,114.60;HRMS(ESI)calcd for C25H19N2S(M+H)+:379.1263,found:379.1270。
实施例12
Figure BSA0000159654310000071
采用与实施例1相同的方法,以IIi(1.991g,10.0mmol)替代IIa为原料,得到淡黄色固体Ii(2.514g,收率67%)。1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ7.61(s,1H),7.50-7.38(m,5H),7.31-7.17(m,8H),6.81(dd,J=7.7,6.6Hz,1H),6.62(t,J=2.0Hz,1H),6.18(dd,J=3.7,1.8Hz,1H),6.05(dd,J=3.7,2.6Hz,1H),3.97(s,3H);13C NMR(101MHz,CDCl3)δ145.49,135.90,134.17,133.84,130.73,130.47,129.19,129.13,128.96,128.81,128.70,128.66,128.50,126.22,126.00,119.91,114.17,113.02,107.84,37.27;HRMS(ESI)calcd forC26H22N3(M+H)+:376.1808,found:376.1822。
实施例13
Figure BSA0000159654310000072
采用与实施例1相同的方法,以IIIb(2.461g,10.0mmol)替代IIIa为原料,得到淡黄色固体Ij(2.779g,收率59%);1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ7.57-7.50(m,2H),7.45-7.38(m,2H),7.35-7.24(m,6H),7.22-7.17(m,4H),7.02-6.95(m,1H),6.86(dd,J=12.3,5.6Hz,2H),3.80(s,3H);13C NMR(101MHz,CDCl3)δ159.28,150.32,141.26,138.47,132.95,132.72,130.65,130.35,129.83,129.55,128.90,128.43,128.34,128.21,126.71,126.26,125.39,120.71,113.68,55.20;HRMS(ESI)calcd for C28H21Cl2N2O(M+H)+:471.1017,found:471.1025。

Claims (4)

1.一种式(I)所示的四芳基吡唑类化合物的合成方法,其特征在于采用式(II)所示的腙及式(III)所示的芳基乙炔为原料,在一定温度下,加入一种碱,在溶剂中反应,得到式(I)所示的四芳基吡唑类化合物;所述的式(I)、式(II)和式(III)的化合物结构如下:
Figure FSB0000198804780000011
其中:
Ar1,Ar2可以相同也可以不同,选自无取代、单取代或者多取代的苯基、萘基、噻吩基、呋喃基、吡啶基、嘧啶基、喹啉基、苯并呋喃基,其中取代基选自甲基、乙基、C3~C6烷基、C3~C6环烷基、氟、氯、甲氧基、三氟甲基、腈基;Ar3选自无取代、单取代或者多取代的苯基、萘基、噻吩基、呋喃基、吡啶基、嘧啶基、喹啉基、苯并呋喃基,其中取代基选自甲基、乙基、C3~C6烷基、C3~C6环烷基、氟、氯、甲氧基、腈基;
所述的碱为叔丁醇钾;
所述的溶剂为N,N-二甲基甲酰胺、N,N-二甲基乙酰胺、二甲基亚砜。
2.根据权利要求1所述的合成方法,其特征在于所述的碱相对于式(II)所示的腙的用量的摩尔比为0.1∶1~3∶1。
3.根据权利要求1所述的合成方法,其特征在于所述的溶剂为N,N-二甲基甲酰胺。
4.根据权利要求1所述的合成方法,其特征在于反应温度为90℃。
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