CN108278079A - Strengthen cherry coal rock intensity layered cutting drilling method and drilling tool - Google Patents

Strengthen cherry coal rock intensity layered cutting drilling method and drilling tool Download PDF

Info

Publication number
CN108278079A
CN108278079A CN201810021040.2A CN201810021040A CN108278079A CN 108278079 A CN108278079 A CN 108278079A CN 201810021040 A CN201810021040 A CN 201810021040A CN 108278079 A CN108278079 A CN 108278079A
Authority
CN
China
Prior art keywords
coal
rock
drilling
cutting
designed
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
CN201810021040.2A
Other languages
Chinese (zh)
Other versions
CN108278079B (en
Inventor
王永龙
马耕
周福宝
孙玉宁
王振锋
宋维宾
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Shandong Banghong Zhongchuang Intelligent Equipment Co ltd
Henan University of Technology
Original Assignee
Henan University of Technology
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Henan University of Technology filed Critical Henan University of Technology
Priority to CN201810021040.2A priority Critical patent/CN108278079B/en
Publication of CN108278079A publication Critical patent/CN108278079A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of CN108278079B publication Critical patent/CN108278079B/en
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B7/00—Special methods or apparatus for drilling
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B10/00—Drill bits
    • E21B10/42—Rotary drag type drill bits with teeth, blades or like cutting elements, e.g. fork-type bits, fish tail bits
    • E21B10/43—Rotary drag type drill bits with teeth, blades or like cutting elements, e.g. fork-type bits, fish tail bits characterised by the arrangement of teeth or other cutting elements
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B17/00—Drilling rods or pipes; Flexible drill strings; Kellies; Drill collars; Sucker rods; Cables; Casings; Tubings
    • E21B17/02—Couplings; joints
    • E21B17/04—Couplings; joints between rod or the like and bit or between rod and rod or the like
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B17/00—Drilling rods or pipes; Flexible drill strings; Kellies; Drill collars; Sucker rods; Cables; Casings; Tubings
    • E21B17/02—Couplings; joints
    • E21B17/04—Couplings; joints between rod or the like and bit or between rod and rod or the like
    • E21B17/05—Swivel joints
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B17/00—Drilling rods or pipes; Flexible drill strings; Kellies; Drill collars; Sucker rods; Cables; Casings; Tubings
    • E21B17/22—Rods or pipes with helical structure

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Earth Drilling (AREA)

Abstract

本发明公开了一种强化软煤岩强度分层切削钻进方法及钻具，基于煤岩坚固性系数f确定钻孔强化比d q，基于煤岩坚固性系数f、瓦斯压力p确定煤岩钻头切削层数N、切削层厚H、切削轴距L，并确定强化软煤岩强度分层切削钻具的结构设计形式。强化软煤岩强度分层切削钻具，包括煤岩强化钻头、旋转密封接头、煤岩钻头、钻头接头、钻杆。本发明针对软煤岩钻进技术难题，考虑煤层地质条件，发明了强化软煤岩强度分层切削钻进方法及钻具，应用强化软煤岩强度分层切削钻具施工钻孔，实现软煤岩前段强化、后段切削钻进的协同钻进工艺方案，可有效减少塌孔、喷孔等钻孔动力现象对对钻孔施工的影响，有利于改善软弱煤岩地层的钻进效果。

The invention discloses a layered cutting drilling method and a drilling tool for strengthening the strength of soft coal and rock. The drilling strengthening ratio dq is determined based on the solidity coefficient f of the coal rock, and the coal rock is determined based on the firmness coefficient f of the coal rock and the gas pressure p . The number of cutting layers N of the drill bit, the thickness of the cutting layer H, and the cutting axis distance L, and the structural design form of the layered cutting drill for strengthening the strength of soft coal and rock are determined. Strengthening soft coal rock strength layered cutting drilling tools, including coal rock strengthening drill bits, rotary seal joints, coal rock drill bits, drill joints, and drill pipes. Aiming at the technical problems of soft coal and rock drilling, and considering the geological conditions of the coal seam, the present invention invents a method and drilling tool for strengthening the strength of soft coal and rock by layered cutting and drilling tools. The coordinated drilling technology scheme of strengthening the front section of coal rock and cutting drilling at the back section can effectively reduce the impact of drilling dynamic phenomena such as hole collapse and spray hole on drilling construction, and is conducive to improving the drilling effect in weak coal rock formations.

Description

强化软煤岩强度分层切削钻进方法及钻具Layered cutting drilling method and drilling tool for strengthening soft coal rock strength

技术领域technical field

本发明属于软弱煤岩层钻探工程技术领域，具体涉及一种强化软煤岩强度分层切削钻进方法及钻具。The invention belongs to the technical field of drilling engineering for weak coal rock formations, and in particular relates to a layered cutting drilling method and a drilling tool for strengthening the strength of soft coal rock formations.

背景技术Background technique

目前，软弱煤岩层钻孔施工是钻探工程技术领域一项重大难题。软弱煤岩层钻进过程中，由于钻孔变形量大且易失稳破坏，造成钻进阻力大、排渣困难，致使钻孔深度浅、钻进效率低，同时钻进过程中卡钻、断钻等钻孔事故频发。特别是煤矿井下含瓦斯软煤层钻孔施工，受地应力、瓦斯压力、构造应力等因素作用，钻孔变形、破坏极为严重，钻进阻力大、排渣空间易堵塞，钻进过程中易发生断钻、钻孔瓦斯燃烧等钻进事故。针对软煤岩钻进难题，科研及工程人员开展了大量的研究，发展了系列钻进方法和新型钻具，例如，专利名称为“用于松软煤层钻进封闭式螺旋护孔钻具及其使用方法” （ZL201410567089.X）、“用于软煤岩钻进双通道多孔紊流卸压钻具及其施工方法” （ZL201310568692.5）、“用于松软突出煤层钻进双层内排渣防堵钻具及其使用方法” （ZL201310566830.6）、“突出煤层扒孔降温钻具及其钻进方法”（ZL200610111830.7）、“用于瓦斯抽采钻孔施工的低螺旋耐磨钻杆及其加工工艺”（ZL200810049974.3）、“非对称异型截面钻杆”（ZL200910064223.3）、“异型多棱刻槽钻杆”（ZL200910064973.0）都取到了较好的钻进效果，一定程度上推进了我国软煤岩钻探工程技术水平的提高。对于软弱煤岩体的钻孔施工，如果能够提高软弱煤岩体的强度，在钻探过程中，有利于减少或避免塌孔现象，间接降低了钻进阻力，有利于提升钻探效果。目前，国内外科研人员也开展了大量的研究，并提出了一些方法，例如，提出采用保压钻进、固壁液等护壁技术来加固孔壁，减少钻孔坍塌对钻进的影响，但这些技术应用于近水平瓦斯抽采钻孔，实施难度大，护壁效果差。因此，本发明提出强化软煤岩强度分层切削钻进方法及钻具。根据施工地点煤岩层地质条件，基于强化软煤岩强度分层切削钻进方法并确定强化软煤岩强度分层切削钻具的结构设计形式，应用煤岩强化钻头、多个煤岩钻头组合形成的新型钻具施工钻孔，通过安装在前端的煤岩强化钻头挤压软弱煤岩体，提高了钻孔周边软弱煤岩体的强度，改善了钻孔孔壁的稳定性，有利于预防钻孔塌孔；通过不同直径的煤岩钻头分层切削剥离被强化过的煤岩体，有利于减少因钻头切削量过大而造成的钻孔孔壁失稳破坏。应用强化软煤岩强度分层切削钻具进行软弱煤岩体的钻孔施工，实现软煤岩“前段强化、后段分层切削”的同步钻进工艺体系，有利于提高软煤岩钻孔深度和钻进效率。At present, the drilling construction of weak coal rock formations is a major problem in the field of drilling engineering technology. During the drilling process of weak coal rock formations, due to the large amount of deformation and easy instability and damage of the borehole, the drilling resistance is large and the slag discharge is difficult, resulting in shallow drilling depth and low drilling efficiency. Drilling and other drilling accidents occur frequently. Especially in the drilling construction of gas-containing soft coal seams in coal mines, affected by factors such as ground stress, gas pressure, and structural stress, the drilling deformation and damage are extremely serious, the drilling resistance is large, the slag discharge space is easily blocked, and accidents are prone to occur during the drilling process. Drilling accidents such as drill breakage and gas burning in boreholes. Aiming at the difficult problem of drilling soft coal and rock, scientific research and engineering personnel have carried out a lot of research and developed a series of drilling methods and new drilling tools. Method of use" (ZL201410567089.X), "dual-channel porous turbulent flow pressure relief drilling tool for soft coal rock drilling and its construction method" (ZL201310568692.5), "drilling slag discharge in double-layer for soft outburst coal seam drilling Anti-blocking drilling tool and its use method” (ZL201310566830.6), “Coal seam raking hole cooling drilling tool and its drilling method” (ZL200610111830.7), “Low spiral wear-resistant drill for gas drainage drilling construction Rod and its processing technology" (ZL200810049974.3), "Asymmetrical special-shaped cross-section drill pipe" (ZL200910064223.3), "Special-shaped multi-edge grooved drill pipe" (ZL200910064973.0) have achieved good drilling results, To a certain extent, it has promoted the improvement of China's soft coal and rock drilling engineering technology. For the drilling construction of weak coal and rock mass, if the strength of the weak coal and rock mass can be improved, it will help reduce or avoid hole collapse during the drilling process, indirectly reduce the drilling resistance, and help improve the drilling effect. At present, researchers at home and abroad have also carried out a lot of research and proposed some methods, such as the use of pressure-holding drilling, wall-fixing fluid and other wall protection technologies to strengthen the hole wall and reduce the impact of borehole collapse on drilling. These technologies are applied in near-horizontal gas drainage boreholes, which are difficult to implement and have poor wall protection effects. Therefore, the present invention proposes a layered cutting drilling method and a drilling tool for strengthening the strength of soft coal rock. According to the geological conditions of the coal and rock strata at the construction site, based on the method of strengthening the strength of soft coal and rock layered cutting drilling and determining the structural design form of the cutting tool for strengthening the strength of soft coal and rock layers, it is formed by combining coal rock strengthening drill bits and multiple coal rock drill bits. The new type of drilling tool construction drilling, through the coal-rock strengthening drill bit installed at the front end to squeeze the weak coal-rock mass, the strength of the weak coal-rock mass around the drilling hole is improved, the stability of the hole wall is improved, and it is beneficial to prevent drilling Hole collapse; the strengthened coal and rock mass is cut and stripped by layers of coal and rock drill bits of different diameters, which is beneficial to reduce the instability and damage of the borehole wall caused by the excessive cutting amount of the drill bit. Applying strengthened soft coal and rock strength layered cutting drilling tools to carry out drilling construction of soft coal and rock mass, realizing the synchronous drilling process system of "strengthening the front section and cutting layered layers in the rear section" of soft coal rock, which is conducive to improving the soft coal rock drilling depth and drilling efficiency.

发明内容Contents of the invention

本发明的目的是提供一种强化软煤岩强度分层切削钻进方法及钻具，解决软煤岩钻孔施工易塌孔、钻进难的技术问题。The purpose of the present invention is to provide a layered cutting drilling method and drilling tool for strengthening the strength of soft coal rock, so as to solve the technical problems of easy hole collapse and difficult drilling in soft coal rock drilling construction.

为解决上述技术问题，本发明采用如下技术方案：强化软煤岩强度分层切削钻进方法，包括以下步骤：In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme: the layered cutting and drilling method for strengthening the strength of soft coal rocks comprises the following steps:

①. 在待施工地点取煤样或岩样，通过实验室试验确定煤岩坚固性系数f；测定施工地点煤层瓦斯压力p；①. Take coal or rock samples at the site to be constructed, and determine the firmness coefficient f of coal and rock through laboratory tests; measure the coal seam gas pressure p at the construction site;

②. 根据施工地点煤岩坚固性系数f确定钻孔强化比d q；钻孔强化比d q为安装在煤岩钻头前端的煤岩强化钻头最大旋转直径d 1与安装在钻杆前端的煤岩钻头最大旋转直径d 2的比值；当煤岩坚固性系数0＜f≤0.3时，钻孔强化比d q设计为0.5～1；当煤岩坚固性系数0.3＜f≤0.5时，钻孔强化比d q设计为0.3～0.8；当煤岩坚固性系数0.5＜f≤0.8时，钻孔强化比d q设计为0～0.5；当煤岩坚固性系数0.8＜f≤1.2时，钻孔强化比d q设计为0～0.3； ② . Determine the drilling strengthening ratio d q according to the solidity coefficient f of coal and rock at the construction site ; The ratio of the maximum rotation diameter d 2 of the rock drill bit; when the solidity coefficient of coal rock is 0< f ≤0.3, the drilling strengthening ratio d q is designed to be 0.5~1; when the solidity coefficient of coal rock is 0.3< f ≤0.5, the drilling The strengthening ratio d q is designed to be 0.3-0.8; when the solidity coefficient of coal rock is 0.5< f ≤ 0.8, the drilling strengthening ratio d q is designed to be 0-0.5; when the solidity coefficient of coal rock is 0.8< f ≤ 1.2, the drilling The strengthening ratio d q is designed to be 0~0.3;

③. 根据施工地点煤岩坚固性系数f、瓦斯压力p确定煤岩钻头切削层数N；切削层数N为煤岩体挤压强化后成孔区煤岩钻头待切削厚度h被切削完成的次数；当煤岩坚固性系数0＜f≤0.3、瓦斯压力p≥0.74 MPa时，煤岩钻头切削层数N设计为4～15；当煤岩坚固性系数0＜f≤0.3、瓦斯压力p<0.74 MPa时，煤岩钻头切削层数N设计为3～12；当煤岩坚固性系数0.3＜f≤0.5、瓦斯压力p≥0.74 MPa时，煤岩钻头切削层数N设计为3～12；当煤岩坚固性系数0.3＜f≤0.5、瓦斯压力p<0.74 MPa时，煤岩钻头切削层数N设计为3～10；当煤岩坚固性系数0.5＜f≤0.8、瓦斯压力p≥0.74 MPa时，煤岩钻头切削层数N设计为3～10；当煤岩坚固性系数0.5＜f≤0.8、瓦斯压力p<0.74 MPa时，煤岩钻头切削层数N设计为2～8；当煤岩坚固性系数0.8＜f≤1.2、瓦斯压力p≥0.74 MPa时，煤岩钻头切削层数N设计为2～8；当煤岩坚固性系数0.8＜f≤1.2、瓦斯压力p<0.74 MPa时，煤岩钻头切削层数N设计为2～6；③. Determine the cutting layer N of the coal rock drill bit according to the solidity coefficient f of the coal rock and the gas pressure p at the construction site; number of times; when the coal rock firmness coefficient 0< f ≤0.3 and the gas pressure p ≥0.74 MPa, the number of cutting layers N of the coal rock drill bit is designed to be 4 to 15; when the coal rock firmness coefficient 0< f ≤0.3 and the gas pressure p When <0.74 MPa, the number of cutting layers N of the coal rock drill bit is designed to be 3 to 12; when the coal rock solidity coefficient is 0.3< f ≤0.5 and the gas pressure p ≥0.74 MPa, the number of cutting layers N of the coal rock drill bit is designed to be 3 to 12 ; When the solidity coefficient of coal rock is 0.3< f ≤0.5 and the gas pressure p <0.74 MPa, the number of cutting layers N of the coal rock drill bit is designed to be 3 to 10; when the solidity coefficient of coal rock is 0.5< f ≤0.8 and the gas pressure p ≥ At 0.74 MPa, the number of cutting layers N of the coal rock drill bit is designed to be 3 to 10; when the coal rock firmness coefficient is 0.5< f ≤ 0.8 and the gas pressure p <0.74 MPa, the number of cutting layers N of the coal rock drill bit is designed to be 2 to 8; When the coal rock solidity coefficient is 0.8< f ≤1.2 and the gas pressure p ≥0.74 MPa, the number of cutting layers N of the coal rock drill bit is designed to be 2 to 8; when the coal rock solidity coefficient is 0.8< f ≤1.2 and the gas pressure p <0.74 At MPa, the number of cutting layers N of the coal rock drill bit is designed to be 2 to 6;

④. 根据施工地点煤岩坚固性系数f、瓦斯压力p确定煤岩钻头切削层厚H；切削层厚H为钻头每一层切削的厚度；当煤岩坚固性系数0＜f≤0.3、瓦斯压力p≥0.74 MPa时，层厚H设计为2 mm～15 mm；当煤岩坚固性系数0＜f≤0.3、瓦斯压力p<0.74 MPa时，层厚H设计为3mm～15 mm；当煤岩坚固性系数0.3＜f≤0.5、瓦斯压力p≥0.74 MPa时，层厚H设计为3 mm～15 mm；当煤岩坚固性系数0.3＜f≤0.5、瓦斯压力p<0.74 MPa时，层厚H设计为4 mm～15mm；当煤岩坚固性系数0.5＜f≤0.8、瓦斯压力p≥0.74 MPa时，层厚H设计为4 mm～15 mm；当煤岩坚固性系数0.5＜f≤0.8、瓦斯压力p<0.74 MPa时，层厚H设计为5 mm～15 mm；当煤岩坚固性系数0.8＜f≤1.2、瓦斯压力p≥0.74 MPa时，层厚H设计为5 mm～15 mm；当煤岩坚固性系数0.8＜f≤1.2、瓦斯压力p<0.74 MPa时，层厚H设计为5 mm～20 mm；④. Determine the cutting layer thickness H of the coal and rock drill bit according to the coal rock solidity coefficient f and gas pressure p at the construction site; the cutting layer thickness H is the thickness of each layer of the drill bit; When the pressure p ≥ 0.74 MPa, the layer thickness H is designed to be 2 mm to 15 mm; when the coal rock firmness coefficient is 0 < f ≤ 0.3 and the gas pressure p < 0.74 MPa, the layer thickness H is designed to be 3 mm to 15 mm; When the rock solidity coefficient is 0.3< f ≤0.5 and the gas pressure p ≥0.74 MPa, the layer thickness H is designed to be 3 mm to 15 mm; when the coal rock solidity coefficient is 0.3< f ≤0.5 and the gas pressure p <0.74 MPa, the layer thickness The thickness H is designed to be 4 mm to 15 mm; when the coal rock solidity coefficient is 0.5< f ≤ 0.8 and the gas pressure p ≥ 0.74 MPa, the layer thickness H is designed to be 4 mm to 15 mm; when the coal rock solidity coefficient is 0.5 < f ≤ 0.8 and gas pressure p < 0.74 MPa, the layer thickness H is designed to be 5 mm to 15 mm; when the coal rock firmness coefficient is 0.8 < f ≤ 1.2 and the gas pressure p ≥ 0.74 MPa, the layer thickness H is designed to be 5 mm to 15 mm mm; when the solidity coefficient of coal rock is 0.8< f ≤1.2 and the gas pressure p <0.74 MPa, the layer thickness H is designed to be 5 mm to 20 mm;

⑤. 根据施工地点煤岩坚固性系数f、瓦斯压力p确定煤岩钻头切削轴距L；切削轴距L为钻孔连续两次分层切削开始位置之间的轴向距离；当煤岩坚固性系数0＜f≤0.3、瓦斯压力p≥0.74 MPa时，切削轴距L设计为150 mm～800 mm；当煤岩坚固性系数0＜f≤0.3、瓦斯压力p<0.74 MPa时，切削轴距L设计为120 mm～700 mm；当煤岩坚固性系数0.3＜f≤0.5、瓦斯压力p≥0.74 MPa时，切削轴距L设计为130 mm～750 mm；当煤岩坚固性系数0.3＜f≤0.5、瓦斯压力p<0.74 MPa时，切削轴距L设计为100 mm～650 mm；当煤岩坚固性系数0.5＜f≤0.8、瓦斯压力p≥0.74 MPa时，切削轴距L设计为110 mm～700 mm；当煤岩坚固性系数0.5＜f≤0.8、瓦斯压力p<0.74 MPa时，切削轴距L设计为80 mm～600 mm；当煤岩坚固性系数0.8＜f≤1.2、瓦斯压力p≥0.74 MPa时，切削轴距L设计为90 mm～650 mm；当煤岩坚固性系数0.8＜f≤1.2、瓦斯压力p<0.74 MPa时，切削轴距L设计为50 mm～550 mm；⑤. According to the solidity coefficient f of the coal and rock at the construction site and the gas pressure p , the cutting axis base L of the coal and rock drill bit is determined; the cutting axis base L is the axial distance between the starting positions of the two When the solidity coefficient of coal and rock is 0< f ≤0.3 and the gas pressure p ≥0.74 MPa, the cutting axis base L is designed to be 150 mm to 800 mm; when the coal rock solidity coefficient is 0< f ≤0.3 and the gas pressure p The distance L is designed to be 120 mm to 700 mm; when the coal rock solidity coefficient is 0.3< f ≤0.5 and the gas pressure p ≥0.74 MPa, the cutting axis base L is designed to be 130 mm to 750 mm; when the coal rock solidity coefficient is 0.3< When f ≤ 0.5 and gas pressure p < 0.74 MPa, the cutting axis base L is designed to be 100 mm to 650 mm; when the coal rock firmness coefficient is 0.5 < f ≤ 0.8 and the gas pressure p ≥ 0.74 MPa, the cutting axis base L is designed as 110 mm to 700 mm; when the solidity coefficient of coal rock is 0.5< f ≤0.8 and the gas pressure p <0.74 MPa, the cutting axis base L is designed to be 80 mm to 600 mm; when the solidity coefficient of coal rock is 0.8< f ≤1.2, When the gas pressure p ≥ 0.74 MPa, the cutting axis base L is designed to be 90 mm to 650 mm; when the coal rock firmness coefficient is 0.8 < f ≤ 1.2 and the gas pressure p < 0.74 MPa, the cutting axis base L is designed to be 50 mm to 550 mm mm;

⑥. 将钻杆安装在钻机上，安装强化软煤岩强度分层切削钻具，调整好施工角度，启动钻机，增大钻机给进力，将煤岩强化钻头压入煤岩体，当煤岩钻头接触到煤岩壁时，启动钻机旋转开始破煤岩钻进，钻进过程中，煤岩强化钻头不旋转或旋转速度νq≤5 r/min；⑥. Install the drill pipe on the drilling rig, install the strengthened soft coal rock strength layered cutting drilling tool, adjust the construction angle, start the drilling rig, increase the feed force of the drilling rig, and press the coal rock strengthening drill bit into the coal rock mass. When the rock drill bit touches the coal rock wall, start the drilling rig to rotate and start drilling through the coal rock. During the drilling process, the coal rock strengthening drill bit does not rotate or the rotation speed ν q ≤ 5 r/min;

⑦. 根据施工地点煤岩层地质条件，确定钻孔施工直径、钻孔之间间距、钻孔距离顶底板距离、钻孔倾角、方位角，并依据步骤①～⑥，评估施工地点煤岩坚固性系数f，基于煤岩坚固性系数f确定钻孔强化比d q，基于煤岩坚固性系数f、瓦斯压力p确定煤岩钻头切削层数N、切削层厚H、切削轴距L，并确定强化软煤岩强度分层切削钻具的结构设计形式。⑦. According to the geological conditions of the coal and rock formations at the construction site, determine the drilling diameter, the distance between the drilling holes, the distance between the drilling and the roof and the floor, the inclination angle of the drilling, and the azimuth angle, and evaluate the solidity of the coal and rock at the construction site according to steps ①～⑥ Coefficient f , determine the drilling strengthening ratio d q based on the coal rock solidity coefficient f , determine the coal rock drill bit cutting layer N, cutting layer thickness H, and cutting axis distance L based on the coal rock solidity coefficient f and gas pressure p , and determine Structural design form of layered cutting drilling tools for strengthening soft coal rock strength.

强化软煤岩强度分层切削钻具，采用强化软煤岩强度分层切削钻进方法进行结构设计，包括煤岩强化钻头、旋转密封接头、煤岩钻头、钻头接头、钻杆，其特征在于：所述煤岩强化钻头、旋转密封接头、煤岩钻头、钻头接头、钻杆同轴，煤岩强化钻头连接于旋转密封接头的一端，煤岩钻头连接于旋转密封接头的另一端，钻杆与煤岩钻头连接；钻头接头用于连接两个煤岩钻头。The strength-strengthened layered cutting drilling tool for soft coal and rock is structurally designed using the layered cutting and drilling method for strengthening the strength of soft coal and rock, including a coal-rock strengthening drill bit, a rotary sealing joint, a coal-rock drill bit, a drill joint, and a drill pipe, and is characterized in that : the coal rock reinforced drill bit, rotary seal joint, coal rock drill bit, drill joint, and drill pipe are coaxial, the coal rock strengthened drill bit is connected to one end of the rotary seal joint, the coal rock drill bit is connected to the other end of the rotary seal joint, and the drill pipe Connected with coal and rock drill bits; the bit joint is used to connect two coal and rock drill bits.

强化软煤岩强度分层切削钻具，所述的煤岩强化钻头由齿尖、强化体、强化接头组成，齿尖、强化体表面设置为光滑和/或凹槽和/或凸起，强化接头用于与旋转密封接头连接。Strengthening soft coal rock strength layered cutting drilling tool, the coal rock strengthening drill bit is composed of tooth tip, strengthening body and strengthening joint, the surface of the tooth point and strengthening body is set to be smooth and/or grooved and/or convex, and the strengthening Fittings are used to connect with rotary seal unions.

强化软煤岩强度分层切削钻具，所述的旋转密封接头由前接头、旋转体和后接头组成，前接头与煤岩逐级强化钻头的强化接头连接，后接头与煤岩钻头连接。In the layered cutting drilling tool for strengthened soft coal and rock, the rotary sealing joint is composed of a front joint, a rotating body and a rear joint.

强化软煤岩强度分层切削钻具，所述的旋转体由外圈、滚动体、内圈组成；煤岩强化钻头通过前接头与旋转体内圈连接，煤岩钻头与旋转体外圈连接；煤岩强化钻头、煤岩钻头任意一端固定，另一端施加动力能够旋转。The strength-strengthened layered cutting drilling tool for soft coal and rock, the rotating body is composed of an outer ring, a rolling body and an inner ring; the coal rock strengthening drill bit is connected with the rotating inner ring through a front joint, and the coal rock drilling bit is connected with the rotating outer ring; Rock-strengthened drill bits and coal-rock drill bits are fixed at either end, and the other end can be rotated by applying power.

由于采用了上述方案，本发明具有以下效果：Owing to adopted above-mentioned scheme, the present invention has following effect:

本发明提出软弱煤岩体“前段强化、后段分层切削”的钻进方法，通过钻头结构的创新，形成煤岩强化钻头、旋转密封接头、煤岩钻头、钻头接头组合的新型强化软煤岩强度钻具。钻进过程中，安装在前端的煤岩强化钻头挤压软弱煤岩体，提高了钻孔周边软弱煤岩体的强度，改善了钻孔孔壁的稳定性，有利于预防钻孔塌孔；煤岩强化钻头强化过的煤岩体，通过不同直径的煤岩钻头分层切削剥离被强化过的煤岩体，有利于减少因钻头切削量过大而造成的钻孔孔壁失稳破坏。应用强化软煤岩强度分层切削钻具进行软弱煤岩体的钻孔施工，可有效减少塌孔、喷孔等钻孔动力现象对对钻孔施工的影响，有利于改善软弱煤岩地层的钻进效果。The invention proposes a drilling method for soft coal and rock mass of "strengthening in the front section and layered cutting in the back section". Through the innovation of the drill bit structure, a new type of strengthening soft coal with a combination of a coal-rock strengthening drill bit, a rotary sealing joint, a coal-rock drill bit and a drill bit joint is formed. Rock Strength Drilling Tools. During the drilling process, the coal-rock strengthening drill bit installed at the front squeezes the weak coal-rock mass, which increases the strength of the weak coal-rock mass around the drill hole, improves the stability of the borehole wall, and helps prevent the drill hole from collapsing; The strengthened coal and rock mass of the coal rock strengthening drill bit is used to cut and peel off the strengthened coal rock mass through layered cutting of the coal rock drill bit with different diameters, which is beneficial to reduce the instability and damage of the borehole wall caused by the excessive cutting amount of the drill bit. Applying strengthened soft coal rock strength layered cutting drilling tools for drilling construction of weak coal rock mass can effectively reduce the impact of drilling dynamic phenomena such as hole collapse and injection holes on drilling construction, and is conducive to improving the safety of weak coal rock formations. Drilling effect.

附图说明Description of drawings

图1是本发明实施例一强化软煤岩强度分层切削钻具的结构示意图；Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the embodiment of the present invention one strengthens layered cutting drilling tool of soft coal rock strength;

图2是本发明实施例一煤岩强化钻头、旋转密封接头、煤岩钻头连接结构的剖视图；Fig. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a coal-rock strengthening drill bit, a rotary seal joint, and a coal-rock drill bit connection structure in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

图3是图2的三维视图；Fig. 3 is a three-dimensional view of Fig. 2;

图4是钻孔强化软煤岩强度分层切削原理图；Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of drilling strengthening soft coal rock strength layered cutting;

图5是强化软煤岩强度分层切削钻具施工钻孔原理图；Fig. 5 is the construction drilling principle diagram of the layered cutting drilling tool for strengthening the strength of soft coal rock;

图6是本发明实施例二强化软煤岩强度分层切削钻具的前视图；Fig. 6 is the front view of the soft coal rock strength layered cutting drilling tool according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention;

图7是本发明实施例三强化软煤岩强度分层切削钻具的前视图。Fig. 7 is a front view of the layered cutting drilling tool for enhancing the strength of soft coal and rock according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention.

具体实施方式Detailed ways

实施例一：Embodiment one:

如图1～图3所示，本发明的目的是提供一种强化软煤岩强度分层切削钻进方法及钻具，解决软煤岩钻孔施工易塌孔、钻进难的技术问题。为解决上述技术问题，本发明采用如下技术方案：强化软煤岩强度分层切削钻进方法，包括以下步骤：As shown in Figures 1 to 3, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a layered cutting drilling method and drilling tool for strengthening the strength of soft coal rock, so as to solve the technical problems of easy hole collapse and difficult drilling in soft coal rock drilling construction. In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme: the layered cutting and drilling method for strengthening the strength of soft coal rocks comprises the following steps:

①. 在待施工地点取煤样或岩样，通过实验室试验确定煤岩坚固性系数f；测定施工地点煤层瓦斯压力p；①. Take coal or rock samples at the site to be constructed, and determine the firmness coefficient f of coal and rock through laboratory tests; measure the coal seam gas pressure p at the construction site;

②. 根据施工地点煤岩坚固性系数f确定钻孔强化比d q；钻孔强化比d q为安装在煤岩钻头前端的煤岩强化钻头最大旋转直径d 1与安装在钻杆前端的煤岩钻头最大旋转直径d 2的比值；当煤岩坚固性系数0＜f≤0.3时，钻孔强化比d q设计为0.5～1；当煤岩坚固性系数0.3＜f≤0.5时，钻孔强化比d q设计为0.3～0.8；当煤岩坚固性系数0.5＜f≤0.8时，钻孔强化比d q设计为0～0.5；当煤岩坚固性系数0.8＜f≤1.2时，钻孔强化比d q设计为0～0.3； ② . Determine the drilling strengthening ratio d q according to the solidity coefficient f of coal and rock at the construction site ; The ratio of the maximum rotation diameter d 2 of the rock drill bit; when the solidity coefficient of coal rock is 0< f ≤0.3, the drilling strengthening ratio d q is designed to be 0.5~1; when the solidity coefficient of coal rock is 0.3< f ≤0.5, the drilling The strengthening ratio d q is designed to be 0.3-0.8; when the solidity coefficient of coal rock is 0.5< f ≤ 0.8, the drilling strengthening ratio d q is designed to be 0-0.5; when the solidity coefficient of coal rock is 0.8< f ≤ 1.2, the drilling The strengthening ratio d q is designed to be 0~0.3;

③. 根据施工地点煤岩坚固性系数f、瓦斯压力p确定煤岩钻头切削层数N；切削层数N为煤岩体挤压强化后成孔区煤岩钻头待切削厚度h被切削完成的次数；当煤岩坚固性系数0＜f≤0.3、瓦斯压力p≥0.74 MPa时，煤岩钻头切削层数N设计为4～15；当煤岩坚固性系数0＜f≤0.3、瓦斯压力p<0.74 MPa时，煤岩钻头切削层数N设计为3～12；当煤岩坚固性系数0.3＜f≤0.5、瓦斯压力p≥0.74 MPa时，煤岩钻头切削层数N设计为3～12；当煤岩坚固性系数0.3＜f≤0.5、瓦斯压力p<0.74 MPa时，煤岩钻头切削层数N设计为3～10；当煤岩坚固性系数0.5＜f≤0.8、瓦斯压力p≥0.74 MPa时，煤岩钻头切削层数N设计为3～10；当煤岩坚固性系数0.5＜f≤0.8、瓦斯压力p<0.74 MPa时，煤岩钻头切削层数N设计为2～8；当煤岩坚固性系数0.8＜f≤1.2、瓦斯压力p≥0.74 MPa时，煤岩钻头切削层数N设计为2～8；当煤岩坚固性系数0.8＜f≤1.2、瓦斯压力p<0.74 MPa时，煤岩钻头切削层数N设计为2～6；③. Determine the cutting layer N of the coal rock drill bit according to the solidity coefficient f of the coal rock and the gas pressure p at the construction site; number of times; when the coal rock firmness coefficient 0< f ≤0.3 and the gas pressure p ≥0.74 MPa, the number of cutting layers N of the coal rock drill bit is designed to be 4 to 15; when the coal rock firmness coefficient 0< f ≤0.3 and the gas pressure p When <0.74 MPa, the number of cutting layers N of the coal rock drill bit is designed to be 3 to 12; when the coal rock solidity coefficient is 0.3< f ≤0.5 and the gas pressure p ≥0.74 MPa, the number of cutting layers N of the coal rock drill bit is designed to be 3 to 12 ; When the solidity coefficient of coal rock is 0.3< f ≤0.5 and the gas pressure p <0.74 MPa, the number of cutting layers N of the coal rock drill bit is designed to be 3 to 10; when the solidity coefficient of coal rock is 0.5< f ≤0.8 and the gas pressure p ≥ At 0.74 MPa, the number of cutting layers N of the coal rock drill bit is designed to be 3 to 10; when the coal rock firmness coefficient is 0.5< f ≤ 0.8 and the gas pressure p <0.74 MPa, the number of cutting layers N of the coal rock drill bit is designed to be 2 to 8; When the coal rock solidity coefficient is 0.8< f ≤1.2 and the gas pressure p ≥0.74 MPa, the number of cutting layers N of the coal rock drill bit is designed to be 2 to 8; when the coal rock solidity coefficient is 0.8< f ≤1.2 and the gas pressure p <0.74 At MPa, the number of cutting layers N of the coal rock drill bit is designed to be 2 to 6;

④. 根据施工地点煤岩坚固性系数f、瓦斯压力p确定煤岩钻头切削层厚H；切削层厚H为钻头每一层切削的厚度；当煤岩坚固性系数0＜f≤0.3、瓦斯压力p≥0.74 MPa时，层厚H设计为2 mm～15 mm；当煤岩坚固性系数0＜f≤0.3、瓦斯压力p<0.74 MPa时，层厚H设计为3mm～15 mm；当煤岩坚固性系数0.3＜f≤0.5、瓦斯压力p≥0.74 MPa时，层厚H设计为3 mm～15 mm；当煤岩坚固性系数0.3＜f≤0.5、瓦斯压力p<0.74 MPa时，层厚H设计为4 mm～15mm；当煤岩坚固性系数0.5＜f≤0.8、瓦斯压力p≥0.74 MPa时，层厚H设计为4 mm～15 mm；当煤岩坚固性系数0.5＜f≤0.8、瓦斯压力p<0.74 MPa时，层厚H设计为5 mm～15 mm；当煤岩坚固性系数0.8＜f≤1.2、瓦斯压力p≥0.74 MPa时，层厚H设计为5 mm～15 mm；当煤岩坚固性系数0.8＜f≤1.2、瓦斯压力p<0.74 MPa时，层厚H设计为5 mm～20 mm；④. Determine the cutting layer thickness H of the coal and rock drill bit according to the coal rock solidity coefficient f and gas pressure p at the construction site; the cutting layer thickness H is the thickness of each layer of the drill bit; When the pressure p ≥ 0.74 MPa, the layer thickness H is designed to be 2 mm to 15 mm; when the coal rock firmness coefficient is 0 < f ≤ 0.3 and the gas pressure p < 0.74 MPa, the layer thickness H is designed to be 3 mm to 15 mm; When the rock solidity coefficient is 0.3< f ≤0.5 and the gas pressure p ≥0.74 MPa, the layer thickness H is designed to be 3 mm to 15 mm; when the coal rock solidity coefficient is 0.3< f ≤0.5 and the gas pressure p <0.74 MPa, the layer thickness The thickness H is designed to be 4 mm to 15 mm; when the coal rock solidity coefficient is 0.5< f ≤ 0.8 and the gas pressure p ≥ 0.74 MPa, the layer thickness H is designed to be 4 mm to 15 mm; when the coal rock solidity coefficient is 0.5 < f ≤ 0.8 and gas pressure p < 0.74 MPa, the layer thickness H is designed to be 5 mm to 15 mm; when the coal rock firmness coefficient is 0.8 < f ≤ 1.2 and the gas pressure p ≥ 0.74 MPa, the layer thickness H is designed to be 5 mm to 15 mm mm; when the solidity coefficient of coal rock is 0.8< f ≤1.2 and the gas pressure p <0.74 MPa, the layer thickness H is designed to be 5 mm to 20 mm;

⑤. 根据施工地点煤岩坚固性系数f、瓦斯压力p确定煤岩钻头切削轴距L；切削轴距L为钻孔连续两次分层切削开始位置之间的轴向距离；当煤岩坚固性系数0＜f≤0.3、瓦斯压力p≥0.74 MPa时，切削轴距L设计为150 mm～800 mm；当煤岩坚固性系数0＜f≤0.3、瓦斯压力p<0.74 MPa时，切削轴距L设计为120 mm～700 mm；当煤岩坚固性系数0.3＜f≤0.5、瓦斯压力p≥0.74 MPa时，切削轴距L设计为130 mm～750 mm；当煤岩坚固性系数0.3＜f≤0.5、瓦斯压力p<0.74 MPa时，切削轴距L设计为100 mm～650 mm；当煤岩坚固性系数0.5＜f≤0.8、瓦斯压力p≥0.74 MPa时，切削轴距L设计为110 mm～700 mm；当煤岩坚固性系数0.5＜f≤0.8、瓦斯压力p<0.74 MPa时，切削轴距L设计为80 mm～600 mm；当煤岩坚固性系数0.8＜f≤1.2、瓦斯压力p≥0.74 MPa时，切削轴距L设计为90 mm～650 mm；当煤岩坚固性系数0.8＜f≤1.2、瓦斯压力p<0.74 MPa时，切削轴距L设计为50 mm～550 mm；⑤. According to the solidity coefficient f of the coal and rock at the construction site and the gas pressure p , the cutting axis base L of the coal and rock drill bit is determined; the cutting axis base L is the axial distance between the starting positions of the two When the solidity coefficient of coal and rock is 0< f ≤0.3 and the gas pressure p ≥0.74 MPa, the cutting axis base L is designed to be 150 mm to 800 mm; when the coal rock solidity coefficient is 0< f ≤0.3 and the gas pressure p The distance L is designed to be 120 mm to 700 mm; when the coal rock solidity coefficient is 0.3< f ≤0.5 and the gas pressure p ≥0.74 MPa, the cutting axis base L is designed to be 130 mm to 750 mm; when the coal rock solidity coefficient is 0.3< When f ≤ 0.5 and gas pressure p < 0.74 MPa, the cutting axis base L is designed to be 100 mm to 650 mm; when the coal rock firmness coefficient is 0.5 < f ≤ 0.8 and the gas pressure p ≥ 0.74 MPa, the cutting axis base L is designed as 110 mm to 700 mm; when the solidity coefficient of coal rock is 0.5< f ≤0.8 and the gas pressure p <0.74 MPa, the cutting axis base L is designed to be 80 mm to 600 mm; when the solidity coefficient of coal rock is 0.8< f ≤1.2, When the gas pressure p ≥ 0.74 MPa, the cutting axis base L is designed to be 90 mm to 650 mm; when the coal rock firmness coefficient is 0.8 < f ≤ 1.2 and the gas pressure p < 0.74 MPa, the cutting axis base L is designed to be 50 mm to 550 mm mm;

⑥. 将钻杆安装在钻机上，安装强化软煤岩强度分层切削钻具，调整好施工角度，启动钻机，增大钻机给进力，将煤岩强化钻头压入煤岩体，当煤岩钻头接触到煤岩壁时，启动钻机旋转开始破煤岩钻进，钻进过程中，煤岩强化钻头不旋转或旋转速度νq≤5 r/min；⑥. Install the drill pipe on the drilling rig, install the strengthened soft coal rock strength layered cutting drilling tool, adjust the construction angle, start the drilling rig, increase the feed force of the drilling rig, and press the coal rock strengthening drill bit into the coal rock mass. When the rock drill bit touches the coal rock wall, start the drilling rig to rotate and start drilling through the coal rock. During the drilling process, the coal rock strengthening drill bit does not rotate or the rotation speed ν q ≤ 5 r/min;

⑦. 根据施工地点煤岩层地质条件，确定钻孔施工直径、钻孔之间间距、钻孔距离顶底板距离、钻孔倾角、方位角，并依据步骤①～⑥，评估施工地点煤岩坚固性系数f，基于煤岩坚固性系数f确定钻孔强化比d q，基于煤岩坚固性系数f、瓦斯压力p确定煤岩钻头切削层数N、切削层厚H、切削轴距L，并确定强化软煤岩强度分层切削钻具的结构设计形式。⑦. According to the geological conditions of the coal and rock formations at the construction site, determine the drilling diameter, the distance between the drilling holes, the distance between the drilling and the roof and the floor, the inclination angle of the drilling, and the azimuth angle, and evaluate the solidity of the coal and rock at the construction site according to steps ①～⑥ Coefficient f , determine the drilling strengthening ratio d q based on the coal rock solidity coefficient f , determine the coal rock drill bit cutting layer N, cutting layer thickness H, and cutting axis distance L based on the coal rock solidity coefficient f and gas pressure p , and determine Structural design form of layered cutting drilling tools for strengthening soft coal rock strength.

强化软煤岩强度分层切削钻具，采用强化软煤岩强度分层切削钻进方法进行结构设计，包括煤岩强化钻头1、旋转密封接头2、煤岩钻头3、钻头接头4、钻杆5，煤岩强化钻头1、旋转密封接头2、煤岩钻头3、钻头接头4、钻杆5同轴，煤岩强化钻头1连接于旋转密封接头2的一端，煤岩钻头3连接于旋转密封接头2的另一端，钻杆5与煤岩钻头3连接；钻头接头4用于连接两个煤岩钻头3。煤岩强化钻头1由齿尖11、强化体12、强化接头13组成，齿尖11、强化体12表面设置为光滑和/或凹槽和/或凸起，强化接头13用于与旋转密封接头2连接。旋转密封接头2由前接头21、旋转体22和后接头23组成，前接头21与煤岩强化钻头1的强化接头13连接，后接头23与煤岩钻头3连接。旋转体22由外圈221、滚动体222、内圈223组成；煤岩强化钻头1通过前接头21与旋转体内圈223连接，煤岩钻头3与旋转体22外圈221连接；煤岩强化钻头1、煤岩钻头3任意一端固定，另一端施加动力能够旋转。Strengthening soft coal rock strength layered cutting drilling tool, using the enhanced soft coal rock strength layered cutting drilling method for structural design, including coal rock strengthening drill bit 1, rotary sealing joint 2, coal rock bit 3, bit joint 4, drill pipe 5. Coal and rock strengthened drill bit 1, rotary seal joint 2, coal and rock drill bit 3, drill joint 4, and drill pipe 5 are coaxial. Coal and rock strengthened drill bit 1 is connected to one end of rotary seal joint 2, and coal and rock drill bit 3 is connected to the rotary seal At the other end of the joint 2, the drill pipe 5 is connected to the coal and rock drill bit 3; the drill bit joint 4 is used to connect two coal and rock drill bits 3. Coal and rock reinforced drill bit 1 is composed of tooth tip 11, reinforcement body 12, and reinforcement joint 13. The surfaces of tooth tip 11 and reinforcement body 12 are set to be smooth and/or grooved and/or convex. The reinforcement joint 13 is used to seal the joint with the rotary 2 connections. The rotary sealing joint 2 is made up of a front joint 21, a rotating body 22 and a rear joint 23. The front joint 21 is connected with the reinforced joint 13 of the coal-rock strengthening drill bit 1, and the rear joint 23 is connected with the coal-rock drill bit 3. The rotating body 22 is composed of an outer ring 221, a rolling body 222, and an inner ring 223; the coal-rock reinforced drill bit 1 is connected with the rotating inner ring 223 through the front joint 21, and the coal-rock drill bit 3 is connected with the outer ring 221 of the rotating body 22; the coal-rock reinforced drill bit 1. Any one end of the coal and rock drill bit 3 is fixed, and the other end can be rotated by applying power.

下面介绍一下本发明实施例一强化软煤岩强度分层切削钻具钻进原理：Introduce below the embodiment of the present invention one strengthens the soft coal rock strength layered cutting drilling tool drilling principle:

本发明根据施工地点煤岩层地质条件，通过实验室试验确定煤岩坚固性系数f，基于煤岩坚固性系数f确定钻孔强化比d q，基于煤岩坚固性系数f、瓦斯压力p确定煤岩钻头切削层数N、切削层厚H、切削轴距L，并确定强化软煤岩强度分层切削钻具的结构设计形式。如图4所示，钻孔强化比d q=d 1/d 2，煤岩钻头切削层数为2层，第一层切削层厚度为H1，第二层切削层厚度为H2，切削轴距为L。如图5所示，将钻孔施工分为强化区、1层切削区、2层切削区。强化区：钻进过程中，煤岩强化钻头1依靠钻机推进力压入煤岩体，由于煤岩强化钻头1与煤岩体之间的摩擦力，依靠旋转密封接头2，保证了煤岩强化钻头1不旋转或旋转速度νq≤5 r/min，伴随钻孔向前延伸，煤岩强化钻头1不断挤压软弱煤岩体，使钻孔周边软弱煤岩体的稳定性得到提高。1层切削区：如图1所示，直径较小的煤岩钻头31安装在煤岩强化钻头1的后端，钻机夹持钻杆5带动煤岩钻头31旋转切削强化后的1层切削区。2层切削区：如图1所示，直径较大的煤岩钻头32通过钻头接头4安装在煤岩钻头31的后端，钻机夹持钻杆5带动煤岩钻头32旋转切削强化后的2层切削区。将强化后的钻孔进行分层切削施工，有利于减少因钻头切削量过大而造成的钻孔孔壁失稳破坏。应用强化软煤岩强度分层切削钻具进行软弱煤岩体的钻孔施工，可有效减少塌孔、喷孔等钻孔动力现象对对钻孔施工的影响，有利于改善软弱煤岩地层的钻进效果。In the present invention, according to the geological conditions of the coal and rock strata at the construction site, the coal rock firmness coefficient f is determined through laboratory tests, the drilling strengthening ratio dq is determined based on the coal rock firmness factor f , and the coal rock firmness factor f and gas pressure p are determined based on the coal rock firmness factor f and the gas pressure p . The cutting layer number N, the cutting layer thickness H, and the cutting axis distance L of the rock drill bit are determined, and the structural design form of the layered cutting drill tool for strengthening the strength of soft coal rock is determined. As shown in Fig. 4, the drilling enhancement ratio d q = d 1 / d 2 , the number of cutting layers of the coal rock drill bit is 2 layers, the thickness of the first cutting layer is H 1 , the thickness of the second cutting layer is H 2 , the cutting layer is The wheelbase is L. As shown in Figure 5, the drilling construction is divided into strengthening area, 1-layer cutting area, and 2-layer cutting area. Strengthening area: During the drilling process, the coal rock strengthening drill bit 1 is pressed into the coal rock mass by the propulsion force of the drilling rig. Due to the friction between the coal rock strengthening bit 1 and the coal rock mass, relying on the rotary sealing joint 2, the coal rock strengthening The drill bit 1 does not rotate or the rotation speed is ν q ≤ 5 r/min. As the drill hole extends forward, the coal-rock strengthening drill bit 1 continuously squeezes the weak coal-rock mass, which improves the stability of the weak coal-rock mass around the drill hole. 1st layer cutting area: as shown in Figure 1, the coal rock drill bit 31 with a smaller diameter is installed at the rear end of the coal rock strengthening drill bit 1, and the drilling rig clamps the drill pipe 5 to drive the coal rock bit 31 to rotate and cut the strengthened 1st layer cutting area . 2-layer cutting area: as shown in Figure 1, the coal rock drill bit 32 with a larger diameter is installed on the rear end of the coal rock drill bit 31 through the drill joint 4, and the drilling rig clamps the drill pipe 5 to drive the coal rock drill bit 32 to rotate and cut the strengthened 2 layer cutting area. The layered cutting construction of the reinforced drilling is beneficial to reduce the instability and damage of the drilling hole wall caused by the excessive cutting amount of the drill bit. Applying strengthened soft coal rock strength layered cutting drilling tools for drilling construction of weak coal rock mass can effectively reduce the impact of drilling dynamic phenomena such as hole collapse and injection holes on drilling construction, and is conducive to improving the safety of weak coal rock formations. Drilling effect.

实施例二：如图6所示，与实施例一不同的在于，强化软煤岩强度分层切削钻具设计3个不同直径的煤岩钻头3，煤岩钻头切削层数为3层。Embodiment 2: As shown in FIG. 6 , the difference from Embodiment 1 is that 3 coal rock drill bits 3 with different diameters are designed for the layered cutting drill for strengthening the strength of soft coal rock, and the number of cutting layers of the coal rock drill bit is 3 layers.

实施例二：如图7所示，与实施例一不同的在于，强化软煤岩强度分层切削钻具设计4个不同直径的煤岩钻头3，煤岩钻头切削层数为4层。Embodiment 2: As shown in FIG. 7 , the difference from Embodiment 1 is that four coal rock drill bits 3 with different diameters are designed for strengthening the soft coal rock strength layered cutting drill, and the number of coal rock drill bit cutting layers is 4 layers.

Claims (5)

1. strengthening cherry coal rock intensity layered cutting drilling method, it is characterised in that：Include the following steps：
1. takes coal sample or rock sample in place to be onstructed, coal petrography solid coefficient is determined by laboratory testf；Measure construction ground Point coal-bed gas pressurep；
2. is according to job location coal petrography solid coefficientfDetermine that ratio is strengthened in drillingd q；Ratio is strengthened in drillingd qIt is bored to be mounted on coal petrography The coal petrography of head front end strengthens drill bit maximum rotating diameterd 1With the Coal-Rock Bits maximum rotating diameter mounted on drilling rod front endd 2Ratio Value；As 0 ＜ of coal petrography solid coefficientfWhen≤0.3, ratio is strengthened in drillingd qIt is designed as 0.5~1；As 0.3 ＜ of coal petrography solid coefficientfWhen≤0.5, ratio is strengthened in drillingd qIt is designed as 0.3~0.8；As 0.5 ＜ of coal petrography solid coefficientfWhen≤0.8, ratio is strengthened in drillingd q It is designed as 0~0.5；As 0.8 ＜ of coal petrography solid coefficientfWhen≤1.2, ratio is strengthened in drillingd qIt is designed as 0~0.3；
3. is according to job location coal petrography solid coefficientf、Gas pressurepDetermine Coal-Rock Bits cutting number of plies N；Cut number of plies N For the number of completion is cut after coal and rock coldworking strengthened at porose area Coal-Rock Bits thickness h to be cut；When coal petrography solid coefficient 0 ＜f≤ 0.3, gas pressurepWhen >=0.74 MPa, Coal-Rock Bits cutting number of plies N is designed as 4~15；When coal petrography solid coefficient 0 ＜f≤ 0.3, gas pressurep<When 0.74 MPa, Coal-Rock Bits cutting number of plies N is designed as 3~12；When coal petrography solid coefficient 0.3 ＜f≤ 0.5, gas pressurepWhen >=0.74 MPa, Coal-Rock Bits cutting number of plies N is designed as 3~12；When coal petrography robustness system Several 0.3 ＜f≤ 0.5, gas pressurep<When 0.74 MPa, Coal-Rock Bits cutting number of plies N is designed as 3~10；When coal petrography robustness 0.5 ＜ of coefficientf≤ 0.8, gas pressurepWhen >=0.74 MPa, Coal-Rock Bits cutting number of plies N is designed as 3~10；When coal petrography is firm 0.5 ＜ of property coefficientf≤ 0.8, gas pressurep<When 0.74 MPa, Coal-Rock Bits cutting number of plies N is designed as 2~8；When coal petrography is firm 0.8 ＜ of property coefficientf≤ 1.2, gas pressurepWhen >=0.74 MPa, Coal-Rock Bits cutting number of plies N is designed as 2~8；When coal petrography heavily fortified point 0.8 ＜ of solidity coefficientf≤ 1.2, gas pressurep<When 0.74 MPa, Coal-Rock Bits cutting number of plies N is designed as 2~6；
4. is according to job location coal petrography solid coefficientf、Gas pressurepDetermine Coal-Rock Bits cutting thickness H；Cut thickness H For the thickness of each layer of cutting of drill bit；As 0 ＜ of coal petrography solid coefficientf≤ 0.3, gas pressurepWhen >=0.74 MPa, thickness H It is designed as the mm of 2 mm~15；As 0 ＜ of coal petrography solid coefficientf≤ 0.3, gas pressurep<When 0.74 MPa, thickness H is designed as 3 The mm of mm~15；As 0.3 ＜ of coal petrography solid coefficientf≤ 0.5, gas pressurepWhen >=0.74 MPa, thickness H be designed as 3 mm~ 15 mm；As 0.3 ＜ of coal petrography solid coefficientf≤ 0.5, gas pressurep<When 0.74 MPa, thickness H is designed as 4 mm~15 mm；As 0.5 ＜ of coal petrography solid coefficientf≤ 0.8, gas pressurepWhen >=0.74 MPa, thickness H is designed as the mm of 4 mm~15； As 0.5 ＜ of coal petrography solid coefficientf≤ 0.8, gas pressurep<When 0.74 MPa, thickness H is designed as the mm of 5 mm~15；Work as coal 0.8 ＜ of rock solid coefficientf≤ 1.2, gas pressurepWhen >=0.74 MPa, thickness H is designed as the mm of 5 mm~15；When coal petrography heavily fortified point 0.8 ＜ of solidity coefficientf≤ 1.2, gas pressurep<When 0.74 MPa, thickness H is designed as the mm of 5 mm~20；
5. is according to job location coal petrography solid coefficientf、Gas pressurepDetermine Coal-Rock Bits cutting axis away from L；Cutting axis is away from L For the axial distance between the layered cutting starting position twice in succession that drills；As 0 ＜ of coal petrography solid coefficientf≤ 0.3, gas pressure PowerpWhen >=0.74 MPa, cutting axis is designed as the mm of 150 mm~800 away from L；As 0 ＜ of coal petrography solid coefficientf≤ 0.3, gas Pressurep<When 0.74 MPa, cutting axis is designed as the mm of 120 mm~700 away from L；As 0.3 ＜ of coal petrography solid coefficientf≤ 0.5, watt This pressurepWhen >=0.74 MPa, cutting axis is designed as the mm of 130 mm~750 away from L；As 0.3 ＜ of coal petrography solid coefficientf≤ 0.5, gas pressurep<When 0.74 MPa, cutting axis is designed as the mm of 100 mm~650 away from L；As 0.5 ＜ of coal petrography solid coefficientf ≤ 0.8, gas pressurepWhen >=0.74 MPa, cutting axis is designed as the mm of 110 mm~700 away from L；When coal petrography solid coefficient 0.5 ＜f≤ 0.8, gas pressurep<When 0.74 MPa, cutting axis is designed as the mm of 80 mm~600 away from L；When coal petrography solid coefficient 0.8 ＜f≤ 1.2, gas pressurepWhen >=0.74 MPa, cutting axis is designed as the mm of 90 mm~650 away from L；When coal petrography robustness system Several 0.8 ＜f≤ 1.2, gas pressurep<When 0.74 MPa, cutting axis is designed as the mm of 50 mm~550 away from L；
6. drilling rod is mounted on drilling machine by, cherry coal rock intensity layered cutting drilling tool is strengthened in installation, adjusts construction angle, starts Drilling machine increases drilling machine and is fed power, and coal petrography, which is strengthened drill bit, is pressed into coal and rock, when Coal-Rock Bits touch coal petrography wall, starts and bores Machine rotation starts brokenly coal petrography and creeps into, and in drilling process, coal petrography reinforcing drill bit does not rotate or rotary speed νq≤5 r/min；
7. according to job location coal rock layer geological conditions, determines spacing between drilling construction diameter, drilling, hole spacing top bottom Plate distance, dip angle of hole, azimuth, and according to step 1.~6., assess job location coal petrography solid coefficientf, it is based on coal petrography Solid coefficientfDetermine that ratio is strengthened in drillingd q, it is based on coal petrography solid coefficientf、Gas pressurepDetermine that Coal-Rock Bits cut the number of plies N, cutting thickness H, cutting axis are away from L, and determine the structure design form for strengthening cherry coal rock intensity layered cutting drilling tool.
2. strengthening cherry coal rock intensity layered cutting drilling tool, strengthen cherry coal rock intensity layered cutting using as described in claim 1 Drilling method carries out structure design, including coal petrography strengthens drill bit, rotation seal joint, Coal-Rock Bits, bit adapter, drilling rod, It is characterized in that：The coal petrography reinforcing drill bit, rotation seal joint, Coal-Rock Bits, bit adapter, drilling rod are coaxial, and coal petrography, which is strengthened, to be bored Head is connected to one end of rotation seal joint, and Coal-Rock Bits are connected to the other end of rotation seal joint, drilling rod and Coal-Rock Bits Connection；Bit adapter is for connecting two Coal-Rock Bits.
3. reinforcing cherry coal rock intensity layered cutting drilling tool according to claim 2, it is characterised in that：The coal petrography is strengthened Drill bit is made of crown, reinforcing body, reinforcing joint, and crown, reinforcing body surface face are set as smooth and/or groove and/or protrusion, by force Change connector for being connect with rotation seal joint.
4. reinforcing cherry coal rock intensity layered cutting drilling tool according to claim 2 or 3, it is characterised in that：The rotation Seal nipple is made of front connector, rotary body and rear joint, and the reinforcing joint that drill bit is strengthened in front connector with coal petrography step by step is connect, after Connector is connect with Coal-Rock Bits.
5. reinforcing cherry coal rock intensity layered cutting drilling tool according to claim 4, it is characterised in that：The rotary body by Outer ring, rolling element, inner ring composition；Coal petrography is strengthened drill bit and is connect with rotary body inner ring by front connector, Coal-Rock Bits and rotary body Outer ring connects；Coal petrography strengthens drill bit, Coal-Rock Bits any one end is fixed, and the other end, which applies power, to be rotated.
CN201810021040.2A 2018-01-10 2018-01-10 Strengthen cherry coal rock intensity layered cutting drilling method and drilling tool Active CN108278079B (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201810021040.2A CN108278079B (en) 2018-01-10 2018-01-10 Strengthen cherry coal rock intensity layered cutting drilling method and drilling tool

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201810021040.2A CN108278079B (en) 2018-01-10 2018-01-10 Strengthen cherry coal rock intensity layered cutting drilling method and drilling tool

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN108278079A true CN108278079A (en) 2018-07-13
CN108278079B CN108278079B (en) 2019-04-16

Family

ID=62803338

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CN201810021040.2A Active CN108278079B (en) 2018-01-10 2018-01-10 Strengthen cherry coal rock intensity layered cutting drilling method and drilling tool

Country Status (1)

Country Link
CN (1) CN108278079B (en)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN109472101A (en) * 2018-11-21 2019-03-15 河南理工大学 Drilling method for deep well soft coal rock fluid slag discharge
CN114856437A (en) * 2022-05-26 2022-08-05 河南理工大学 Blowout prevention drilling method and drilling tool in non-full-length hole of cross-layer drilling

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN201024891Y (en) * 2007-04-13 2008-02-20 中国京冶工程技术有限公司 Long spiral replaced and compacted driller
CN201062490Y (en) * 2007-08-10 2008-05-21 石家庄中煤装备制造有限公司 Anti-collapse highly effective combined drill
CN102071876A (en) * 2011-01-13 2011-05-25 河南理工大学 Multistage reducing combined drilling tool
CN103114810A (en) * 2013-02-02 2013-05-22 中国矿业大学 Coal seam drilling hole-collapse preventing lower sleeve device capable of drilling along with drill and drilling method
CN203081286U (en) * 2013-01-08 2013-07-24 陈淑英 Anti-hole-collapse drilling tool
CN105113980A (en) * 2015-09-01 2015-12-02 山东科技大学 Reusable anti-hole collapse drilling apparatus and drilling method thereof

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN201024891Y (en) * 2007-04-13 2008-02-20 中国京冶工程技术有限公司 Long spiral replaced and compacted driller
CN201062490Y (en) * 2007-08-10 2008-05-21 石家庄中煤装备制造有限公司 Anti-collapse highly effective combined drill
CN102071876A (en) * 2011-01-13 2011-05-25 河南理工大学 Multistage reducing combined drilling tool
CN203081286U (en) * 2013-01-08 2013-07-24 陈淑英 Anti-hole-collapse drilling tool
CN103114810A (en) * 2013-02-02 2013-05-22 中国矿业大学 Coal seam drilling hole-collapse preventing lower sleeve device capable of drilling along with drill and drilling method
CN105113980A (en) * 2015-09-01 2015-12-02 山东科技大学 Reusable anti-hole collapse drilling apparatus and drilling method thereof

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN109472101A (en) * 2018-11-21 2019-03-15 河南理工大学 Drilling method for deep well soft coal rock fluid slag discharge
CN114856437A (en) * 2022-05-26 2022-08-05 河南理工大学 Blowout prevention drilling method and drilling tool in non-full-length hole of cross-layer drilling

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CN108278079B (en) 2019-04-16

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
CN108086930B (en) Reverse circulation pipe following drilling tool for soft rock stratum and drilling process
CN104453728B (en) A kind of anti-collapse aperture apparatus
CN104763342B (en) A kind of reaming assembly of pulling back for non-excavation laying pipeline
CN105221072B (en) A kind of construction operation tubing string for being applied to petroleum gas engineering
CN108278079A (en) Strengthen cherry coal rock intensity layered cutting drilling method and drilling tool
CN204476278U (en) A kind of multistage reamer for non-excavation laying pipeline and reaming assembly of pulling back
CN102345445A (en) Drill bit for particle impact drilling technology
CN111608589A (en) Bottom hole stress-induced unloading bit and method for increasing drilling speed
CN104763338B (en) One kind is pulled back reaming assembly and its reaming drilling method
CN101644136B (en) Combination of reaming stabilizer and bottom drilling device
CN108316856A (en) Strengthen cherry coal rock intensity drilling method and drilling tool step by step
CN202900051U (en) Double-layer casing window-opening drill bit
CN102943628B (en) Double-layered casing windowing drillbit
CN111894477A (en) An outburst coal seam protection hole pressure relief combined drilling tool and its use method
CN108179978B (en) Strengthen cherry coal rock intensity drilling method and drilling tool
CN204476270U (en) A kind of reamer and reaming assembly of pulling back
CN210714466U (en) Coal seam drilling is protected directly and is prevented oblique device
CN216240402U (en) Hydraulic composite vibration impactor
CN209621214U (en) A kind of novel combined drill bit
CN205036318U (en) Sediment drilling rod is arranged to integral many arriss high pressure thrust
CN203685013U (en) One-time grooving device
CN206722764U (en) A kind of new four wings PDC drill bit of band cone tooth
CN207229018U (en) Suitable for the piling pore-forming drill bit of hard rock-soil layer
CN210637041U (en) Geotechnical engineering pile forming drill bit
CN203701986U (en) Steel body spiral five blade PDC (Polycrystalline Diamond Compact) bit

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PB01 Publication
PB01 Publication
SE01 Entry into force of request for substantive examination
SE01 Entry into force of request for substantive examination
GR01 Patent grant
GR01 Patent grant
TR01 Transfer of patent right

Effective date of registration: 20230920

Address after: 454000 No. 2001 Century Avenue, hi tech Zone, Henan, Jiaozuo

Patentee after: HENAN POLYTECHNIC University

Patentee after: Shandong Banghong Zhongchuang Intelligent Equipment Co.,Ltd.

Address before: 454000 School of energy science and engineering, Henan University of technology, No. 2001, Shiji Road, high tech Zone, Jiaozuo City, Henan Province

Patentee before: HENAN POLYTECHNIC University

TR01 Transfer of patent right