CN108272951B - Traditional Chinese medicine composition for preventing animal cough and rhinorrhea, feed and preparation method and application of feed - Google Patents
Traditional Chinese medicine composition for preventing animal cough and rhinorrhea, feed and preparation method and application of feed Download PDFInfo
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- CN108272951B CN108272951B CN201810051803.8A CN201810051803A CN108272951B CN 108272951 B CN108272951 B CN 108272951B CN 201810051803 A CN201810051803 A CN 201810051803A CN 108272951 B CN108272951 B CN 108272951B
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Classifications
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- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K36/00—Medicinal preparations of undetermined constitution containing material from algae, lichens, fungi or plants, or derivatives thereof, e.g. traditional herbal medicines
- A61K36/18—Magnoliophyta (angiosperms)
- A61K36/88—Liliopsida (monocotyledons)
- A61K36/896—Liliaceae (Lily family), e.g. daylily, plantain lily, Hyacinth or narcissus
- A61K36/8966—Fritillaria, e.g. checker lily or mission bells
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A23K—FODDER
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- A23K10/30—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A23K10/33—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms from molasses
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A23K10/37—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms from waste material
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A23K10/37—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms from waste material
- A23K10/38—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms from waste material from distillers' or brewers' waste
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/10—Organic substances
- A23K20/174—Vitamins
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/20—Inorganic substances, e.g. oligoelements
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
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- A23K20/20—Inorganic substances, e.g. oligoelements
- A23K20/22—Compounds of alkali metals
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
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- A23K20/20—Inorganic substances, e.g. oligoelements
- A23K20/26—Compounds containing phosphorus
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
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- A23K20/20—Inorganic substances, e.g. oligoelements
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- A61K36/48—Fabaceae or Leguminosae (Pea or Legume family); Caesalpiniaceae; Mimosaceae; Papilionaceae
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of animal feed preparation, and particularly relates to a traditional Chinese medicine composition for preventing animal cough and rhinorrhea, and a preparation method and application of feed and feed. The feed for preventing the cough and the rhinorrhea of the animals is prepared by compounding a complete mixed feed with balanced nutrition on the basis of ephedra, bitter apricot seeds, bulbus fritillariae cirrhosae, honeysuckle, mulberry leaves and liquorice, wherein the complete mixed feed comprises grass meal, corn, molasses, wheat middling, bean pulp, cottonseed meal, dried corn distillers' grains, stone powder, calcium hydrophosphate, sodium chloride, a compound premix and sodium bicarbonate, the feed only comprises 6 traditional Chinese medicine raw materials, and the traditional Chinese medicine raw materials are simple in composition, less in components and lower in cost; the feed disclosed by the invention has a good lung-clearing effect, can relieve lung disease symptoms such as cough, rhinorrhea and the like in the fattening process of sheep, has a remarkable fattening effect on sheep, achieves the effects of clearing lung, increasing weight and promoting growth, avoids the use of antibiotic medicines, and ensures the quality of mutton.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of animal feed preparation, and particularly relates to a traditional Chinese medicine composition for preventing animal cough and rhinorrhea, and a preparation method and application of feed and feed.
Background
At present, three methods of grazing fattening, mixed fattening and barn feeding fattening are mainly used for fattening the sheep. The grazing fattening is a basic fattening mode of the grassland animal husbandry, has the advantages of low cost and high benefit, but is easily interfered and influenced by various unstable factors such as climate, grassland growth vigor and the like, so that the fattening effect has the defect of instability; the mixed fattening is a fattening mode combining grazing and supplementary feeding, the weight gain of the fattening sheep in the whole fattening period can be improved by about 50% compared with the weight gain of the fattening sheep singly depending on grazing, the mutton after slaughtering is delicious, the fattening effect is stable, more manpower resources are required to be input, the cost is higher, and the fattening period of the mixed fattening is longer; the barn feeding fattening is a fattening mode that feeding and drinking are realized only in a sheep barn according to the state before fattening and the standard feed nutritive value, large-scale, intensive and industrial sheep raising can be realized according to market needs by adopting barn feeding fattening although the feed investment is relatively high, so that houses, equipment and labor force are fully utilized, the labor production efficiency is high, the sheep fattening cost of the sheep can be reduced, in addition, the barn feeding fattening can lead the weight of the sheep to be increased more quickly, the live weight of the slaughtered fattening sheep is 10-20% higher than that of the mixed fattening sheep, and the fattening period is shorter than that of the mixed fattening and free fattening sheep. Therefore, barn feeding fattening has become the most dominant fattening mode.
In the house feeding and fattening process of sheep, due to the fact that the space of a sheep house is small, the relative density of sheep flocks is large, the ventilation effect in the sheep house is poor, and under the stress of changes of climate, environment and feed at the place of the sheep house, the sheep are prone to suffering from lung diseases of the sheep, the diseases mainly become symptoms such as cough, rhinorrhea, respiratory distress and the like, serious people are often accompanied with high-heat symptoms, feeding and weight increment of the sheep are seriously affected, even the sheep die, and serious economic loss is brought to farmers. In order to prevent or treat the lung diseases of the sheep, farmers usually use antibiotic medicines through drinking water, mixing materials, drenching, injecting and other modes, and the lung diseases of the sheep can be relieved to a certain extent by adopting the antibiotic medicines for clearing away the lung heat, so that the economic loss of the farmers is reduced. On one hand, the antibiotic medicine lung-clearing treatment mode is not suitable for suddenly changing diets or grabbing sheep one by one, so that the sheep is easy to generate great stress, and the feeding and weight increment of the sheep are influenced; on the other hand, the great use of the antibiotic medicines easily causes the resistance of the sheep to be reduced and the immune function to be reduced, and the antibiotic medicines are easily accumulated in the sheep body after being absorbed by the sheep, thereby affecting the health of human beings. Therefore, Chinese patent document CN106858080A discloses a feed for effectively preventing pneumonia of cattle and sheep, which comprises raw materials of ephedra, liquorice, honeysuckle, isatis root, fructus forsythiae, caraway, fistular onion stalk, centella asiatica, ficus microcarpa, Japanese polygala, houttuynia cordata, sweet potato vine, platycodon grandiflorum, corn and straw, and the incidence of pneumonia of cattle and sheep can be effectively reduced by feeding the feed. However, the feed has more Chinese herbal medicine components, complex composition and higher cost, and the feed formula has unbalanced nutrition and is not suitable for fattening sheep on a large scale; in addition, the feed is powdery feed, and feed raw materials are difficult to mix uniformly, which seriously influences the feed intake and weight increment of the sheep and makes the feed unsuitable for use in the fattening period of the sheep.
Disclosure of Invention
Therefore, the first technical problem to be solved by the invention is that the existing traditional Chinese medicine composition for preventing animal pneumonia has the defects of multiple components, complex composition and high cost, and further provides a traditional Chinese medicine composition for preventing animal cough and rhinorrhea.
The second technical problem to be solved by the invention is that the existing feed for preventing animal pneumonia has the defect of poor fattening effect of sheep, so that the feed for preventing animal cough and rhinorrhea is provided, and the preparation method of the feed is further provided.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
the invention provides a traditional Chinese medicine composition for preventing animal cough and rhinorrhea, which comprises the following components in parts by weight: 20-35 parts of ephedra, 15-25 parts of bitter almond, 15-25 parts of bulbus fritillariae cirrhosae, 15-25 parts of honeysuckle, 25-40 parts of mulberry leaf and 15-25 parts of liquorice.
Preferably, the traditional Chinese medicine composition comprises the following components in parts by weight:
20-30 parts of ephedra, 20-25 parts of bitter almond, 15-20 parts of bulbus fritillariae cirrhosae, 15-20 parts of honeysuckle, 30-40 parts of mulberry leaf and 15-20 parts of liquorice.
The ephedra herb is warm in nature, pungent and slightly bitter in taste, enters lung and bladder channels, and has the effects of sweating, dispelling cold, ventilating and smoothing lung, relieving asthma, inducing diuresis and relieving swelling;
bitter apricot seeds, warm in nature and bitter in taste, enter lung and large intestine channels, have the effects of relieving cough and asthma, resisting inflammation, sterilizing and relieving pain, and are mainly used for descending qi, relieving cough and asthma and relaxing bowel;
bulbus Fritillariae Cirrhosae, slightly cold in nature and bitter in taste, enters lung and heart channels, and has effects of clearing heat, eliminating phlegm, moistening lung, and relieving cough;
the honeysuckle flower is cold in nature and bitter in taste, enters lung, heart and stomach channels, and has the effects of clearing away heat and toxic materials, resisting inflammation and tonifying deficiency Liaofeng;
the mulberry leaves are slightly cold in nature and bitter and sweet in taste, enter lung and liver channels, have the effects of dispelling wind and heat, clearing lung and moistening dryness, and clearing liver and improving vision, and are mainly used for wind-heat type common cold and lung heat type dry cough;
the liquorice has neutral nature and neutral taste, is in charge of heart, lung, spleen and stomach channels, and has the effects of tonifying spleen and qi, clearing away heat and toxic materials, eliminating phlegm and stopping cough, relieving spasm and pain and harmonizing the drugs.
The application of the traditional Chinese medicine composition in preparing the feed for preventing animal cough and rhinorrhea.
The feed for preventing cough and rhinorrhea of animals comprises the following components in parts by weight: 15-30 parts of grass meal, 35-50 parts of corn, 2-4 parts of molasses, 5-15 parts of soybean meal, 3-10 parts of cottonseed meal, 3-10 parts of dried corn distillers' grains, 1-2 parts of stone powder, 0.05-0.1 part of calcium hydrophosphate, 0.05-0.1 part of sodium chloride, 1-2 parts of compound premix, 0.5-1.5 parts of sodium bicarbonate and 0.1-0.6 part of the traditional Chinese medicine composition as claimed in claim 1 or 2.
The feed also comprises wheat middling, and the wheat middling is 0.01-8 parts.
The compound premix in each kilogram of the feed comprises the following components: 240mg of vitamin A, 0.5-1mg of vitamin D, 3400mg of vitamin E1400, 140-80 mg of vitamin B, 2400-600 mg of vitamin B, 6300-500 mg of vitamin B, 122-5 mg of vitamin B, 9000mg of nicotinic acid 4500, 1800mg of copper 820, 11000mg of iron 5300, 11000mg of zinc 6400, 5500mg of manganese 2500, 60-200mg of iodine, 35-80mg of selenium, 40-90mg of cobalt, 700mg of antioxidant 500, 300mg of flavoring agent 100, 6000mg of soybean oil 4000 and the balance of carriers.
The antioxidant is ethoxyquinoline; the flavoring agent is vanillin; the carrier is one or two of zeolite powder or rice husk powder.
Preferably, the feed comprises the following components: 20-25 parts of grass meal, 40-45 parts of corn, 2-4 parts of molasses, 3-6 parts of wheat middling, 8-12 parts of soybean meal, 5-8 parts of cottonseed meal, 3-8 parts of dried corn distillers' grains, 1-2 parts of stone powder, 0.05-0.1 part of calcium hydrophosphate, 0.05-0.1 part of sodium chloride, 1-2 parts of compound premix, 0.5-1.5 parts of sodium bicarbonate and 0.2-0.5 part of traditional Chinese medicine composition;
the composition of the compound premix per kilogram is as follows: 210mg of vitamin A150-.
A preparation method of the feed comprises the following steps:
(1) crushing each component in the traditional Chinese medicine composition, and premixing with sodium bicarbonate, calcium hydrophosphate, stone powder, sodium chloride and a compound premix to obtain a premix;
(2) mixing the crushed grass meal, corn, soybean meal, cottonseed meal, dried corn distillers' grains and the premix of the step (1) to obtain a mixture;
(3) and (3) tempering the mixture obtained in the step (2), spraying molasses in the tempered mixture, granulating, and cooling to obtain the feed.
In the step (2), the crushed grass meal, corn, bean pulp, cottonseed meal, dry corn alcohol vinasse, the premix and the wheat middling in the step (1) are mixed to obtain a mixture.
In the step (2), the particle size of the crushed grass meal, corn, bean pulp, cottonseed meal, dried corn alcohol residue and wheat middling is less than 2.5 mm.
And (3) performing steam tempering on the mixture, wherein the steam tempering temperature is higher than 70 ℃, the steam pressure is 0.3-0.4MPa, and the tempering time is 30-60 s.
The feed or the feed prepared by the preparation method is applied to the fattening period of sheep.
Compared with the prior art, the technical scheme of the invention has the following advantages:
(1) the traditional Chinese medicine composition for preventing animal cough and rhinorrhea provided by the invention has the advantages that the raw materials are mutually matched and act together under the specific composition and specific proportion, so that the effects of clearing away heat and toxic materials, clearing away the lung-heat and moistening dryness, dispelling wind and heat, relieving cough and reducing sputum, resisting bacteria and diminishing inflammation are achieved, wherein the ephedra is a monarch drug, can induce sweat and dispel cold, can promote the dispersing function of the lung and relieve asthma, does not remove root nodes, is a medium-sized drug and is not excessively sweaty; bulbus Fritillariae Cirrhosae is bitter and cold in property, lowers the adverse flow of qi, and is good at clearing lung-heat, relieving cough, eliminating phlegm, resolving masses, and helps monarch drug to clear lung-heat, eliminate phlegm and relieve cough, and is used as ministerial drug; honeysuckle, bitter almond and mulberry leaf are adjuvant drugs, honeysuckle is used for clearing away heat and toxic material, dispelling wind and heat, resisting bacteria and diminishing inflammation, bitter almond is used for relieving cough and reducing phlegm, the powder is not peeled and sharp, and is astringent, so that the powder is not too diffuse, ephedra is used for assisting lung clearing and dryness moistening, clearing away heat and toxic material and diffusing lung qi, and the bitter almond is used together with the mulberry leaf and unibract fritillary bulb, so that the efficacy of lung heat and dry cough is achieved; the liquorice is not roasted, has the functions of clearing heat and removing toxicity, is used as an assistant and guiding drug in cooperation with the ephedra herb and the bitter apricot seed for promoting qi circulation and eliminating phlegm. The above medicines can reach the effect of clearing lung-heat by being combined.
(2) The feed for preventing the cough and the rhinorrhea of the animals is prepared by compounding a complete mixed feed with balanced nutrition on the basis of ephedra, bitter apricot seeds, bulbus fritillariae cirrhosae, honeysuckle, mulberry leaves and liquorice, wherein the complete mixed feed comprises grass meal, corn, molasses, wheat middling, bean pulp, cottonseed meal, dried corn distillers' grains, stone powder, calcium hydrophosphate, sodium chloride, a compound premix and sodium bicarbonate, the feed only comprises 6 traditional Chinese medicine raw materials, and the traditional Chinese medicine raw materials are simple in composition, less in components and lower in cost; in the fully mixed feed, corn and molasses serve as energy feeds, bean pulp serves as a main source of lysine, calcium, phosphorus, sodium, vitamins and trace elements are provided by stone powder, calcium hydrogen phosphate, sodium chloride and a compound premix, the bean pulp and cottonseed meal serve as main sources of crude protein, and the fully mixed feed is matched with each other through raw materials and has a synergistic effect, so that the fully mixed feed has a remarkable weight increasing effect on sheep, can be used in the fattening period of the sheep, and can be used for clearing away the lung-heat effect of a traditional Chinese medicine composition, so that farmers do not need to purposely clear away the lung-heat work, stress reaction of the sheep is avoided, ingestion and weight increment of the sheep are facilitated, and balanced nutrition collocation is also beneficial to application of the feed in large-scale factories; the feed disclosed by the invention has a good lung-clearing effect, can relieve lung disease symptoms such as cough, rhinorrhea and the like in the fattening process of sheep, has a remarkable fattening effect on sheep, achieves the effects of clearing lung, increasing weight and promoting growth, avoids the use of antibiotic medicines, and ensures the quality of mutton.
(3) According to the preparation method of the feed, the prepared mixture is subjected to steam conditioning at the temperature of more than 70 ℃ and the steam pressure of 0.3-0.4MPa, and the granulation process can be adopted to fully cure all raw materials in the feed to obtain the high-quality feed with high hygienic index and no pathogenic bacteria; meanwhile, the granulated feed with uniform size is obtained by adopting a granulation process, and compared with the powdery feed in the prior art, the granulated feed has high density and better mixing uniformity of the raw materials, thereby being beneficial to improving the feed intake and weight gain of the sheep.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the present invention will be described clearly and completely below, and it should be apparent that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention. In addition, the technical features involved in the different embodiments of the present invention described below may be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.
In the following examples and experimental examples of the present invention, all the raw materials were commercially available.
Example 1
The traditional Chinese medicine composition for preventing cough and rhinorrhea in animals provided by the embodiment comprises the following components in parts by weight: 20g of ephedra, 25g of bitter apricot seed, 15g of bulbus fritillariae cirrhosae, 20g of honeysuckle, 30g of mulberry leaf and 20g of liquorice.
Example 2
The traditional Chinese medicine composition for preventing cough and rhinorrhea in animals provided by the embodiment comprises the following components in parts by weight: 30g of ephedra, 20g of bitter apricot kernel, 20g of bulbus fritillariae cirrhosae, 15g of honeysuckle, 40g of mulberry leaf and 15g of liquorice.
Example 3
The traditional Chinese medicine composition for preventing cough and rhinorrhea in animals provided by the embodiment comprises the following components in parts by weight: 25g of ephedra, 22g of bitter apricot seed, 18g of bulbus fritillariae cirrhosae, 18g of honeysuckle, 35g of mulberry leaf and 16g of liquorice.
Example 4
The traditional Chinese medicine composition for preventing cough and rhinorrhea in animals provided by the embodiment comprises the following components in parts by weight: 20g of ephedra, 25g of bitter apricot seed, 15g of bulbus fritillariae cirrhosae, 25g of honeysuckle, 25g of mulberry leaf and 25g of liquorice.
Example 5
The traditional Chinese medicine composition for preventing cough and rhinorrhea in animals provided by the embodiment comprises the following components in parts by weight: 35g of ephedra, 15g of bitter apricot seed, 25g of bulbus fritillariae cirrhosae, 15g of honeysuckle, 40g of mulberry leaf and 15g of liquorice.
Example 6
The traditional Chinese medicine composition for preventing cough and rhinorrhea in animals provided by the embodiment comprises the following components in parts by weight: 33g of ephedra, 17g of bitter apricot seed, 22g of bulbus fritillariae cirrhosae, 24g of honeysuckle, 28g of mulberry leaf and 23g of liquorice.
Example 7
The feed for preventing cough and rhinorrhea of animals provided by the embodiment comprises the following components: 20kg of grass meal, 42kg of corn, 2kg of molasses, 4kg of wheat middling, 8kg of soybean meal, 8kg of cottonseed meal, 6kg of dried corn distillers' grains, 1.2kg of stone powder, 0.05kg of calcium hydrophosphate, 0.05kg of sodium chloride, 1kg of compound premix, 1kg of sodium bicarbonate and 0.2kg of the traditional Chinese medicine composition provided by the embodiment 1;
wherein, each kilogram of the compound premix comprises the following components: vitamin A165mg, vitamin D0.625 mg, vitamin E1400mg, vitamin B140 mg, vitamin B2450 mg, vitamin B6350 mg, vitamin B122mg, nicotinic acid 4500mg, copper element 1200mg, iron element 6000mg, zinc element 7000mg, manganese element 2500mg, iodine element 80mg, selenium element 45mg, cobalt element 60mg, ethoxyquinoline 600mg, vanillin 200mg, soybean oil 5000mg, and the balance of zeolite powder.
The embodiment also provides a preparation method of the feed for preventing the cough and the running nose of the animals, which comprises the following steps:
(1) crushing each component in the traditional Chinese medicine composition, and premixing the crushed components with sodium bicarbonate, calcium hydrophosphate, stone powder, sodium chloride and a compound premix to obtain the premix, wherein the variation coefficient of the mixing uniformity of the premix is not more than 5%;
(2) crushing grass meal, corn, bean pulp, cottonseed meal and corn dry whole alcohol grains to a particle size of less than 2.5mm, mixing the crushed grass meal, corn, bean pulp, cottonseed meal, corn dry whole alcohol grains and the premix in the step (1) with the wheat middling for 90s to obtain a mixture, wherein the variation coefficient of the mixing uniformity of the mixture is not more than 7%;
(3) and (3) carrying out steam tempering on the mixture in the step (2) for 50s at the temperature of 75 ℃ and the steam pressure of 0.3MPa, then spraying molasses on the tempered mixture, then placing the mixture in a ring membrane granulator for granulation to obtain a mixture with the diameter of 4.5mm and the length of 10-12mm, and cooling the mixture to obtain the feed.
Example 8
The feed for preventing cough and rhinorrhea of animals provided by the embodiment comprises the following components: 22kg of grass meal, 45kg of corn, 2kg of molasses, 3kg of wheat middling, 12kg of soybean meal, 5kg of cottonseed meal, 5kg of dried corn distillers' grains, 1kg of stone powder, 0.1kg of calcium hydrophosphate, 0.08kg of sodium chloride, 1.2kg of compound premix, 1.5kg of sodium bicarbonate and 0.2kg of the traditional Chinese medicine composition provided by the embodiment 2;
the composition of each kilogram of compound premix is as follows: 210mg of vitamin A, 0.875mg of vitamin D, 3400mg of vitamin E, 160 mg mg of vitamin B, 2600 mg mg of vitamin B, 6500 mg mg of vitamin B, 124 mg mg of vitamin B, 7000mg of nicotinic acid, 1600mg of copper, 8000mg of iron, 9000mg of zinc, 4000mg of manganese, 100mg of iodine, 60mg of selenium, 90mg of cobalt, 600mg of ethoxyquinoline, 200mg of vanillin, 5000mg of soybean oil and the balance of rice hull powder.
The embodiment also provides a preparation method of the feed for preventing the cough and the running nose of the animals, which comprises the following steps:
(1) crushing each component in the traditional Chinese medicine composition, and premixing the crushed components with sodium bicarbonate, calcium hydrophosphate, stone powder, sodium chloride and a compound premix to obtain the premix, wherein the variation coefficient of the mixing uniformity of the premix is not more than 5%;
(2) crushing grass meal, corn, bean pulp, cottonseed meal and corn dry whole alcohol grains to a particle size of less than 2.5mm, mixing the crushed grass meal, corn, bean pulp, cottonseed meal, corn dry whole alcohol grains and the premix in the step (1) with the wheat middling for 120s to obtain a mixture, wherein the variation coefficient of the mixing uniformity of the mixture is not more than 7%;
(3) and (3) carrying out steam tempering on the mixture in the step (2) at the temperature of 72 ℃ and the steam pressure of 0.4MPa for 30s, then spraying molasses on the tempered mixture, then placing the mixture in a ring membrane granulator for granulation to obtain a mixture with the diameter of 6.0mm and the length of 9-12mm, and cooling the mixture to obtain the feed.
Example 9
The feed for preventing cough and rhinorrhea of animals provided by the embodiment comprises the following components: 20kg of grass meal, 45kg of corn, 2kg of molasses, 6kg of wheat middling, 8kg of soybean meal, 8kg of cottonseed meal, 3kg of dried corn distillers' grains with whole alcohol, 2kg of stone powder, 0.05kg of calcium hydrophosphate, 0.1kg of sodium chloride, 1kg of compound premix, 1.5kg of sodium bicarbonate and 0.5kg of the traditional Chinese medicine composition provided by the embodiment 3;
the composition of each kilogram of compound premix is as follows: 210mg of vitamin A, 0.55mg of vitamin D, 3400mg of vitamin E, 140 mg of vitamin B140 mg, 2600 mg of vitamin B, 6300 mg of vitamin B, 125 mg of vitamin B, 4500mg of nicotinic acid, 1800mg of copper, 6000mg of iron, 10000mg of zinc, 2500mg of manganese, 150mg of iodine, 35mg of selenium, 60mg of cobalt, 600mg of ethoxyquinoline, 200mg of vanillin, 5000mg of soybean oil and the balance of a carrier, wherein the carrier is prepared by mixing zeolite powder and rice hull powder in a mass ratio of 1: 1.
The embodiment also provides a preparation method of the feed for preventing the cough and the running nose of the animals, which comprises the following steps:
(1) crushing each component in the traditional Chinese medicine composition, and premixing the crushed components with sodium bicarbonate, calcium hydrophosphate, stone powder, sodium chloride and a compound premix to obtain the premix, wherein the variation coefficient of the mixing uniformity of the premix is not more than 5%;
(2) crushing grass meal, corn, bean pulp, cottonseed meal and corn dry whole alcohol grains to a particle size of less than 2.5mm, and then mixing the crushed grass meal, corn, bean pulp, cottonseed meal, corn dry whole alcohol grains and the premix in the step (1) with the wheat middling for 150s to obtain a mixture, wherein the variation coefficient of the mixing uniformity of the mixture is not more than 7%;
(3) and (3) steam hardening and tempering the mixture obtained in the step (2) at the temperature of 74 ℃ and the steam pressure of 0.35MPa for 60s, spraying molasses on the hardened and tempered mixture, granulating the mixture in a ring membrane granulator to obtain a mixture with the diameter of 5.0mm and the length of 10-12mm, and cooling the mixture to obtain the feed.
Example 10
The feed for preventing cough and rhinorrhea of animals provided by the embodiment comprises the following components: 25kg of grass meal, 40kg of corn, 4kg of molasses, 3kg of wheat middling, 12kg of soybean meal, 5kg of cottonseed meal, 8kg of dried corn distillers' grains, 1kg of stone powder, 0.1kg of calcium hydrophosphate, 0.05kg of sodium chloride, 2kg of compound premix, 0.5kg of sodium bicarbonate and 0.2kg of the traditional Chinese medicine composition provided by the embodiment 4;
the composition of each kilogram of compound premix is as follows: 150mg of vitamin A, 0.875mg of vitamin D, 1400mg of vitamin E, 180 mg mg of vitamin B, 2400 mg mg of vitamin B, 6500 mg mg of vitamin B, 122mg mg of vitamin B, 7000mg of nicotinic acid, 1000mg of copper, 9000mg of iron, 7000mg of zinc, 4500mg of manganese, 60mg of iodine, 60mg of selenium, 60mg of cobalt, 600mg of ethoxyquinoline, 200mg of vanillin, 5000mg of soybean oil and the balance of a carrier, wherein the carrier is prepared by mixing zeolite powder and rice hull powder in a mass ratio of 2: 1.
The embodiment also provides a preparation method of the feed for preventing the cough and the running nose of the animals, which comprises the following steps:
(1) crushing each component in the traditional Chinese medicine composition, and premixing the crushed components with sodium bicarbonate, calcium hydrophosphate, stone powder, sodium chloride and a compound premix to obtain the premix, wherein the variation coefficient of the mixing uniformity of the premix is not more than 5%;
(2) crushing grass meal, corn, bean pulp, cottonseed meal and corn dry whole alcohol grains to a particle size of less than 2.5mm, and then mixing the crushed grass meal, corn, bean pulp, cottonseed meal, corn dry whole alcohol grains and the premix in the step (1) with the wheat middling for 100s to obtain a mixture, wherein the variation coefficient of the mixing uniformity of the mixture is not more than 7%;
(3) and (3) carrying out steam tempering on the mixture in the step (2) for 50s at the temperature of 80 ℃ and the steam pressure of 0.30MPa, then spraying molasses on the tempered mixture, then placing the mixture in a ring membrane granulator for granulation to obtain a mixture with the diameter of 5.0mm and the length of 9-12mm, and cooling the mixture to obtain the feed.
Example 11
The feed for preventing cough and rhinorrhea of animals provided by the embodiment comprises the following components: 15kg of grass meal, 50kg of corn, 2kg of molasses, 8kg of wheat middling, 5kg of soybean meal, 10kg of cottonseed meal, 3kg of dried corn distillers' grains with whole alcohol, 2kg of stone powder, 0.05kg of calcium hydrophosphate, 0.1kg of sodium chloride, 1kg of compound premix, 1.5kg of sodium bicarbonate and 0.1kg of the traditional Chinese medicine composition provided by the embodiment 5;
the composition of each kilogram of compound premix is as follows: 120mg of vitamin A, 1mg mg of vitamin D, 1400mg mg of vitamin E, 180 mg mg of vitamin B, 2400 mg mg of vitamin B, 6500 mg mg of vitamin B, 122mg mg of vitamin B, 9000mg of nicotinic acid, 820mg of copper element, 11000mg of iron element, 6400mg of zinc element, 5500mg of manganese element, 60mg of iodine element, 80mg of selenium element, 40mg of cobalt element, 700mg of ethoxyquinoline, 100mg of vanillin, 6000mg of soybean oil and the balance of zeolite powder.
The embodiment also provides a preparation method of the feed for preventing the cough and the running nose of the animals, which comprises the following steps:
(1) crushing each component in the traditional Chinese medicine composition, and premixing the crushed components with sodium bicarbonate, calcium hydrophosphate, stone powder, sodium chloride and a compound premix to obtain the premix, wherein the variation coefficient of the mixing uniformity of the premix is not more than 5%;
(2) crushing grass meal, corn, bean pulp, cottonseed meal and corn dry whole alcohol grains to a particle size of less than 2.5mm, mixing the crushed grass meal, corn, bean pulp, cottonseed meal, corn dry whole alcohol grains and the premix in the step (1) with the wheat middling for 120s to obtain a mixture, wherein the variation coefficient of the mixing uniformity of the mixture is not more than 7%;
(3) and (3) steam hardening and tempering the mixture obtained in the step (2) for 55s at the temperature of 75 ℃ and the steam pressure of 0.40MPa, spraying molasses on the hardened and tempered mixture, granulating the mixture in a ring membrane granulator to obtain a mixture with the diameter of 4.5mm and the length of 9-12mm, and cooling the mixture to obtain the feed.
Example 12
The feed for preventing cough and rhinorrhea of animals provided by the embodiment comprises the following components: 30kg of grass meal, 35kg of corn, 4kg of molasses, 15kg of soybean meal, 3kg of cottonseed meal, 10kg of dried corn distillers' grains, 1kg of mountain flour, 0.1kg of calcium hydrophosphate, 0.05kg of sodium chloride, 2kg of compound premix, 0.5kg of sodium bicarbonate and 0.6kg of the traditional Chinese medicine composition provided by the embodiment 6;
the composition of each kilogram of compound premix is as follows: 120mg of vitamin A, 1400mg of vitamin D1mg, 180 mg of vitamin B180 mg, 2400 mg of vitamin B, 6500 mg of vitamin B, 122mg of vitamin B, 9000mg of nicotinic acid, 820mg of copper element, 11000mg of iron element, 6400mg of zinc element, 5500mg of manganese element, 60mg of iodine element, 80mg of selenium element, 40mg of cobalt element, 700mg of ethoxyquinoline, 100mg of vanillin, 6000mg of soybean oil and the balance of zeolite powder.
The embodiment also provides a preparation method of the feed for preventing the cough and the running nose of the animals, which comprises the following steps:
(1) crushing each component in the traditional Chinese medicine composition, and premixing the crushed components with sodium bicarbonate, calcium hydrophosphate, stone powder, sodium chloride and a compound premix to obtain the premix, wherein the variation coefficient of the mixing uniformity of the premix is not more than 5%;
(2) crushing grass meal, corn, bean pulp, cottonseed meal and corn dry whole alcohol grains to a particle size of less than 2.5mm, and then mixing the crushed grass meal, corn, bean pulp, cottonseed meal, corn dry whole alcohol grains and the premix in the step (1) for 130s to obtain a mixture, wherein the variation coefficient of the mixing uniformity of the mixture is not more than 7%;
(3) and (3) steam hardening and tempering the mixture obtained in the step (2) for 55s at the temperature of 75 ℃ and the steam pressure of 0.40MPa, spraying molasses on the hardened and tempered mixture, granulating the mixture in a ring membrane granulator to obtain a mixture with the diameter of 6.0mm and the length of 9-12mm, and cooling the mixture to obtain the feed.
Example 13
The feed for preventing cough and rhinorrhea of animals provided by the embodiment comprises the following components: 17kg of grass meal, 48kg of corn, 3kg of molasses, 0.01kg of wheat middling, 10kg of soybean meal, 8kg of cottonseed meal, 5kg of dried corn distillers' grains with whole grains, 1kg of mountain flour, 0.07kg of calcium hydrophosphate, 0.05kg of sodium chloride, 1.8kg of compound premix, 0.7kg of sodium bicarbonate and 0.5kg of the traditional Chinese medicine composition provided by the embodiment 2;
the composition of each kilogram of compound premix is as follows: 150mg of vitamin A, 0.875mg of vitamin D, 1400mg of vitamin E, 180 mg mg of vitamin B, 2400 mg mg of vitamin B, 6500 mg mg of vitamin B, 122mg mg of vitamin B, 7000mg of nicotinic acid, 1000mg of copper, 9000mg of iron, 7000mg of zinc, 4500mg of manganese, 60mg of iodine, 60mg of selenium, 60mg of cobalt, 600mg of ethoxyquinoline, 200mg of vanillin, 5000mg of soybean oil and the balance of a carrier, wherein the carrier is prepared by mixing zeolite powder and rice hull powder in a mass ratio of 2: 1.
The embodiment also provides a preparation method of the feed for preventing the cough and the running nose of the animals, which comprises the following steps:
(1) crushing each component in the traditional Chinese medicine composition, and premixing the crushed components with sodium bicarbonate, calcium hydrophosphate, stone powder, sodium chloride and a compound premix to obtain the premix, wherein the variation coefficient of the mixing uniformity of the premix is not more than 5%;
(2) crushing grass meal, corn, bean pulp, cottonseed meal and corn dry whole alcohol grains to a particle size of less than 2.5mm, and then mixing the crushed grass meal, corn, bean pulp, cottonseed meal, corn dry whole alcohol grains and the premix in the step (1) with the wheat middling for 150s to obtain a mixture, wherein the variation coefficient of the mixing uniformity of the mixture is not more than 7%;
(3) and (3) performing steam tempering on the mixture in the step (2) for 50s at the temperature of 80 ℃ and the steam pressure of 0.30MPa, spraying molasses on the tempered mixture, granulating the mixture in a ring membrane granulator to obtain a mixture with the diameter of 4.5mm and the length of 9-12mm, and cooling the mixture to obtain the feed.
Example 14
The feed for preventing cough and rhinorrhea of animals provided by the embodiment comprises the following components: 20kg of grass meal, 42kg of corn, 2kg of molasses, 4kg of wheat middling, 8kg of soybean meal, 8kg of cottonseed meal, 6kg of dried corn distillers' grains, 1.2kg of stone powder, 0.05kg of calcium hydrophosphate, 0.05kg of sodium chloride, 1kg of compound premix, 1kg of sodium bicarbonate and 0.2kg of the traditional Chinese medicine composition provided by the embodiment 1;
wherein, each kilogram of the compound premix comprises the following components: 165mg of vitamin A, 0.625mg of vitamin D, 1400mg of vitamin E, 140 mg mg of vitamin B, 2450 mg mg of vitamin B, 6350 mg mg of vitamin B, 122mg mg of nicotinic acid, 4500mg of copper, 1200mg of iron, 6000mg of zinc, 2500mg of manganese, 80mg of iodine, 45mg of selenium, 60mg of cobalt, 600mg of ethoxyquinoline, 200mg of vanillin, 5000mg of soybean oil and the balance of zeolite powder.
The embodiment also provides a preparation method of the feed for preventing the cough and the running nose of the animals, which comprises the following steps:
(1) crushing each component in the traditional Chinese medicine composition, and premixing the crushed components with sodium bicarbonate, calcium hydrophosphate, stone powder, sodium chloride and a compound premix to obtain the premix, wherein the variation coefficient of the mixing uniformity of the premix is not more than 5%;
(2) crushing grass meal, corn, bean pulp, cottonseed meal and corn dry whole alcohol grains to a particle size of less than 2.5mm, mixing the crushed grass meal, corn, bean pulp, cottonseed meal, corn dry whole alcohol grains and the premix in the step (1) with the wheat middling for 90s to obtain a mixture, wherein the variation coefficient of the mixing uniformity of the mixture is not more than 7%;
(3) spraying molasses on the mixture obtained in the step (2), and continuously mixing for 30s after spraying molasses to obtain the powdery feed.
Comparative example 1
This comparative example differs from example 7 only in that: 0g of mulberry leaf and 30g of radix scutellariae; the composition of the rest raw materials and the proportion of each raw material are the same as those in the example 7;
the preparation method of the feed only differs from the preparation method of the feed in example 7: 0g of mulberry leaf and 30g of radix scutellariae; the rest of the experimental conditions and experimental procedures were the same as in example 7.
Comparative example 2
This comparative example differs from example 7 only in that: 0g of ephedra; the composition of the rest raw materials and the proportion of each raw material are the same as those in the example 7;
the preparation method of the feed only differs from the preparation method of the feed in example 7: 0g of ephedra; the rest of the experimental conditions and experimental procedures were the same as in example 7.
Comparative example 3
This comparative example differs from example 7 only in that: 0g of honeysuckle and 20g of isatis root; the composition of the rest raw materials and the proportion of each raw material are the same as those in the example 7;
the preparation method of the feed only differs from the preparation method of the feed in example 7: 0g of honeysuckle and 20g of isatis root; the rest of the experimental conditions and experimental procedures were the same as in example 7.
Comparative example 4
This comparative example differs from example 7 only in that: 0g of traditional Chinese medicine composition; the composition of the rest raw materials and the proportion of each raw material are the same as those in the example 7;
the preparation method of the feed only differs from the preparation method of the feed in example 7: 0g of traditional Chinese medicine composition; the rest of the experimental conditions and experimental procedures were the same as in example 7.
Experimental example 1 study on the weight gain and lung-heat clearing efficacy of the feed of the invention on sheep
1. Purpose of experiment
The weight increasing and lung clearing effects of the feed on sheep are researched.
2. Experimental methods
Selecting 700 Duhan, small tailed Han sheep and small tailed Han sheep to be randomly divided into an experimental group 1-3 groups and a control group 1-4 groups, wherein each group comprises 100 lambs of the F1 generation male lamb; the test is carried out in a certain farm of Bayicun king in the river-bound region of the Bayi union.
The feeding method of each group is as follows: experimental groups 1-3: the feeds prepared in examples 7 to 9 were fed separately; control groups 1-4: feeding the feeds prepared in comparative examples 1 to 4 respectively; the average floor area of each group of sheep during the test period is 0.8-1.2m2And drinking troughs are arranged in the sheep house, so that the sheep can only drink water freely.
20 sheep were randomly selected for each group and labeled with ear tags, and the ear tag-labeled sheep were weighed and observed for counting the incidence of cough and rhinorrhea before the start of the experiment, 30 days and 60 days after feeding each group of feed, respectively, in the morning. The test data were collated using EXCEL 2010.
3. Results of the experiment
3.1, the weight gain of each group of sheep is shown in Table 1.
TABLE 1 weight gain of sheep in each group
As can be seen from Table 1, in the fattening period of 60 days, the weight of the sheep in the experimental groups 1-3 is increased more than that in the comparative groups 1-4, which indicates that the feeding of the feed for preventing cough and rhinorrhea of animals can promote the feeding and weight increase of the sheep.
3.2, the incidence of cough and rhinorrhea in each group of sheep is shown in Table 2.
TABLE 2 incidence of cough and rhinorrhea in each sheep group
As can be seen from Table 2, the incidence rate of cough and rhinorrhea of the sheep can be remarkably reduced by feeding the feed disclosed by the invention in the fattening period of 60 days of the sheep, so that the feed disclosed by the invention has a good lung-clearing effect.
4. Conclusion of the experiment
The feed disclosed by the invention has a good lung-clearing effect, relieves lung disease symptoms such as cough, rhinorrhea and the like in the fattening process of sheep, has a remarkable fattening effect on sheep, achieves the effects of clearing lung, increasing weight and promoting growth, avoids the use of antibiotic medicines, and ensures the quality of mutton.
Experimental example 2 study on the daily average feed intake, daily average weight gain and lung-heat clearing efficacy of the feed of the invention on sheep
1. Purpose of experiment
The daily average feed intake, daily average weight gain and lung-heat clearing effect of the feed on sheep are researched.
2. Experimental methods
Selecting 400 Duhan, small-tailed Han sheep and small-tailed Han sheep to be randomly divided into an experimental group and a control group, wherein each group comprises 200 lambs; the test is carried out in a certain farm of Bayicun king in the river-bound region of the Bayi union.
The feeding method of each group is as follows: experimental groups: feeding the feed prepared in example 7; control group: feeding the powdered feed prepared in example 14; the average floor area of each group of sheep during the test period is 0.8-1.2m2And drinking troughs are arranged in the sheep house, so that the sheep can only drink water freely.
40 sheep were randomly selected for each group and labeled with ear tags, the average daily food consumption and average daily weight gain of each group of ear tags labeled sheep were recorded before the start of the experiment and 30 days after feeding each group of feed in the morning, and the incidence of cough and rhinorrhea of the sheep was observed and counted. The test data were collated using EXCEL 2010.
3. Results of the experiment
3.1, the average daily feed intake and daily weight gain of each group of sheep after feeding for 30 days are shown in Table 3.
TABLE 3 average daily feed intake and daily gain after 30 days of sheep feeding
As can be seen from Table 3, in the 30-day fattening period of the sheep, the feed intake and weight gain of the sheep are more favorably improved when the pellet feed prepared by the invention is fed compared with the powdery feed of a control group.
3.2, the incidence of cough and rhinorrhea in each group of sheep is shown in Table 4.
TABLE 4 incidence of cough and rhinorrhea in each sheep group
As can be seen from Table 4, the incidence of cough and rhinorrhea in sheep fed with the pellet feed prepared by the present invention was lower than that of the powdery feed of the control group during the 30-day fattening period of the sheep.
4. Conclusion of the experiment
The pellet feed prepared by the invention has better mixing uniformity of the raw materials, can improve the feed intake and weight increment of sheep compared with powder feed, and has more obvious effect of reducing the occurrence rate of cough and rhinorrhea of sheep.
It should be understood that the above examples are only for clarity of illustration and are not intended to limit the embodiments. Other variations and modifications will be apparent to persons skilled in the art in light of the above description. And are neither required nor exhaustive of all embodiments. And obvious variations or modifications therefrom are within the scope of the invention.
Claims (13)
1. A traditional Chinese medicine composition for preventing animal cough and rhinorrhea is characterized by comprising the following components in parts by weight:
20-35 parts of ephedra, 15-25 parts of bitter almond, 15-25 parts of bulbus fritillariae cirrhosae, 15-25 parts of honeysuckle, 25-40 parts of mulberry leaf and 15-25 parts of liquorice.
2. The traditional Chinese medicine composition according to claim 1, which is prepared from the following components in parts by weight:
20-30 parts of ephedra, 20-25 parts of bitter almond, 15-20 parts of bulbus fritillariae cirrhosae, 15-20 parts of honeysuckle, 30-40 parts of mulberry leaf and 15-20 parts of liquorice.
3. Use of the Chinese medicinal composition of claim 1 or 2 in the preparation of a feed for preventing cough and rhinorrhea in animals.
4. The feed for preventing cough and rhinorrhea of animals is characterized by comprising the following components in parts by weight: 15-30 parts of grass meal, 35-50 parts of corn, 2-4 parts of molasses, 5-15 parts of soybean meal, 3-10 parts of cottonseed meal, 3-10 parts of dried corn distillers' grains, 1-2 parts of stone powder, 0.05-0.1 part of calcium hydrophosphate, 0.05-0.1 part of sodium chloride, 1-2 parts of compound premix, 0.5-1.5 parts of sodium bicarbonate and 0.1-0.6 part of the traditional Chinese medicine composition as claimed in claim 1 or 2.
5. The feed of claim 4, further comprising a wheat middling, wherein the wheat middling is 0.01-8 parts.
6. The feed according to claim 4 or 5,
the composition of the compound premix per kilogram is as follows: 240mg of vitamin A, 0.5-1mg of vitamin D, 3400mg of vitamin E1400, 140-80 mg of vitamin B, 2400-600 mg of vitamin B, 6300-500 mg of vitamin B, 122-5 mg of vitamin B, 9000mg of nicotinic acid 4500, 1800mg of copper 820, 11000mg of iron 5300, 11000mg of zinc 6400, 5500mg of manganese 2500, 60-200mg of iodine, 35-80mg of selenium, 40-90mg of cobalt, 700mg of antioxidant 500, 300mg of flavoring agent 100, 6000mg of soybean oil 4000 and the balance of carriers.
7. The feed of claim 6, wherein the antioxidant is ethoxyquinoline; the flavoring agent is vanillin; the carrier is one or two of zeolite powder or rice husk powder.
8. The feed of claim 6, comprising the following components: 20-25 parts of grass meal, 40-45 parts of corn, 2-4 parts of molasses, 3-6 parts of wheat middling, 8-12 parts of soybean meal, 5-8 parts of cottonseed meal, 3-8 parts of dried corn distillers' grains, 1-2 parts of stone powder, 0.05-0.1 part of calcium hydrophosphate, 0.05-0.1 part of sodium chloride, 1-2 parts of compound premix, 0.5-1.5 parts of sodium bicarbonate and 0.2-0.5 part of traditional Chinese medicine composition;
the composition of the compound premix per kilogram is as follows: 210mg of vitamin A150-.
9. A process for preparing a feed as claimed in any one of claims 4, 6 and 7, comprising the steps of:
(1) crushing each component in the traditional Chinese medicine composition, and premixing with sodium bicarbonate, calcium hydrophosphate, stone powder, sodium chloride and a compound premix to obtain a premix;
(2) mixing the crushed grass meal, corn, soybean meal, cottonseed meal, dried corn distillers' grains and the premix of the step (1) to obtain a mixture;
(3) and (3) tempering the mixture obtained in the step (2), spraying molasses in the tempered mixture, granulating, and cooling to obtain the feed.
10. A process for the preparation of a feed as claimed in any one of claims 5 to 8, comprising the steps of:
(1) crushing each component in the traditional Chinese medicine composition, and premixing with sodium bicarbonate, calcium hydrophosphate, stone powder, sodium chloride and a compound premix to obtain a premix;
(2) mixing the crushed grass meal, corn, soybean meal, cottonseed meal, dry corn distillers' grains, the premix of the step (1) and the wheat middling to obtain a mixture;
(3) and (3) tempering the mixture obtained in the step (2), spraying molasses in the tempered mixture, granulating, and cooling to obtain the feed.
11. The method according to claim 10, wherein in the step (2), the pulverized grass meal, corn, soybean meal, cottonseed meal, dried whole grains of corn and wheat middling have a particle size of less than 2.5 mm.
12. The preparation method according to any one of claims 9 to 11, wherein in the step (3), the mixture is subjected to steam tempering, wherein the temperature of the steam tempering is more than 70 ℃, the steam pressure is 0.3-0.4MPa, and the tempering time is 30-60 s.
13. Use of the feed according to any one of claims 4 to 8 or the feed prepared by the preparation method according to any one of claims 9 to 12 for preparing a feed for fattening sheep.
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