CN108260802A - 一种老年患者专用型临床营养配方及其制备方法 - Google Patents
一种老年患者专用型临床营养配方及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种老年患者专用型临床营养配方及其制备方法,所述营养配方包含以下重量份数的组分:15‑20份蛋白质,8‑12份脂肪,50‑58份碳水化合物,5‑7份水溶性膳食纤维,0.8‑1.5份不溶性膳食纤维,0.6‑1.2g份常量元素,0.01‑0.04g份微量元素,0.005‑0.02g脂溶性维生素,0.008‑0.2份水溶性维生素,0.05‑1份膳食精华,0.1‑2份药食同源成分,0.1‑3份天然植物化合物和0.005‑2份新资源食品;本发明所述营养配方经济实惠、疗效显著、无任何毒副作用,专门为老年患者研制,可预防并改善老年患者的多种疾病症。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种营养配方及其制备方法,特别涉及一种老年患者专用的营养配方及其制备方法。
背景技术
人口老龄化问题是全球性面对的严肃问题,早在上世纪中叶一些经济发达国家就已步入老龄化社会,到目前为止,几乎所有发达国家和部分发展中国家已经进入老龄化社会。我国自1999年进入老龄化社会以来,以老龄化速度增快、老年人口数多、高龄比例增加为特征。当前,为了保障老年人的健康权益,减少老年人营养相关疾病的发生,老年人的营养及健康状况的研究已经引起学者们的广泛重视。
老年人营养不良系指在老年人群中,由于机体需要与营养素摄入之间不平衡所导致的一系列症状。广义的营养不良包括营养不足及营养过剩,营养不足指各种营养素摄入不足或蛋白质-能量营养不良。良好的营养对维持健康有着重要的作用。国外报道,在疾病保健开支中有近30%用于治疗因不合理饮食营养而发生的有关疾病。尽管营养不良在老年人群十分常见,但往往被忽略,即使在医院也不被关注。改善老年人营养状况对提高老年人生活质量,降低社会负担有深远意义。
老年人是营养不良的高发人群,与其生理、病理以及社会关系、经济状况等密切相关,通常由摄入不足、消化不良、腹泻、出血、肾衰竭等因素导致营养素失调引起。导致老年人营养不良的危险因素很复杂,伴随的相关疾病是老年营养不良的独立影响因素除了老年人生理改变和饮食习惯的问题外,疾病是引发老年人营养不良的最主要原因。老年人营养不良是临床综合征,涉及机体各个器官及系统。老年人营养不良的临床表现主要有精神萎靡、表情淡漠,全身乏力,反复感冒,逐渐消瘦等症状。体质量下降和逐渐消瘦是营养不良主要的临床表现之一,也是一项易察觉、易监测的指标。
营养不良对老年人的器官变化和功能影响极大。在循环系统可引起心输出量下降、心动过缓、高血压或低血压;呼吸系统可出现膈肌萎缩、最大通气量和呼吸肌肌力下降;消化系统出现吸收障碍;泌尿系统出现肾小球滤过率下降;免疫系统功能下降,易发生感染,感染不易控制;易发生低体温综合征。营养不良的老年人对应激水平下降,不能耐受急性疾病以及外科手术。
综上可知,干预和改善老年人营养不良的状况具有重大的社会价值。目前治疗营养不良的配方产品多为中药制剂,而中药不但容易引起胃肠道反应并且补充营养也很有局限性。因此研制一种效果显著,无毒副作用的老年患者专用营养配方迫在眉睫。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于,解决上述现有技术的不足,提供一种经济实惠、疗效显著、无任何毒副作用的老年患者专用型临床营养配方。所述营养配方专门为老年患者研制,可预防并改善老年患者营养不良的症状,并可长期服用。
本发明采用以下技术方案实现:
一种老年患者专用型临床营养配方,包含以下重量份数的组分:15-20份蛋白质,8-12份脂肪,50-58份碳水化合物,5-7份水溶性膳食纤维,0.8-1.5份不溶性膳食纤维,0.6-1.2g份常量元素,0.01-0.04g份微量元素,0.005-0.02g脂溶性维生素,0.008-0.2份水溶性维生素,0.05-1份膳食精华,0.1-2份药食同源成分,0.1-3份天然植物化合物和0.005-2份新资源食品。
其中,所述蛋白质为乳清蛋白粉、大豆分离蛋白、鱼胶原蛋白肽、全脂奶粉、全蛋粉、乳铁蛋白、牛初乳、氨基酸和蛋白肽中的一种或多种;所述氨基酸为L-赖氨酸-L-谷氨酸、L-谷氨酸、L-精氨酸、L-色氨酸、L-谷氨酰胺、牛磺酸、L-缬氨酸、L-异亮氨酸和L-亮氨酸中一种或多种;所述蛋白肽为大豆低聚肽、小麦蛋白肽、蚕蛹蛋白肽、海洋鱼低聚肽粉、可乐肽、氨基肽和卵白蛋白肽中的一种或多种;所述脂肪包含饱和脂肪酸、多不饱和脂肪酸、单不饱和脂肪酸、OPO结构脂、DHA、EPA、ARA和磷脂中的一种或多种;所述碳水化合物为果糖、冰糖、乳糖、麦芽糊精、木薯淀粉和抗性淀粉中的至少两种;所述膳食纤维包含菊粉、魔芋粉、低聚半乳糖、低聚果糖、低聚异麦芽糖、大豆多糖、环糊精、抗性糊精、大豆纤维中的一种或多种;所述常量元素包含柠檬酸钙、L-乳酸钙、磷酸氢钙、葡萄糖酸钾、柠檬酸钠和葡萄糖酸镁中一种或多种;所述微量元素包含葡萄糖酸亚铁、碘化钾、葡萄糖酸锌、亚硒酸钠、葡萄糖酸铜、硫酸铬、葡萄糖酸锰和钼酸钠中一种或多种;所述脂溶性维生素包含维生素A、β-胡萝卜素、维生素D3、维生素E、维生素K1中的一种或多种;所述水溶性维生素包含维生素B1、维生素B2、维生素B6、维生素B12、维生素C、泛酸、叶酸、烟酸、胆碱、肌醇、生物素中的一种或多种;所述膳食精华包含谷类、豆类、薯类、蔬菜类、菌藻类、坚果种子类、鱼虾类、禽畜肉类和水果类中的一种或多种,所述谷类包含大米粉、小米粉、黑米粉、薏米粉、玉米粉、小麦胚芽粉、燕麦粉和荞麦粉中的一种或多种,所述豆类包含豌豆粉、绿豆粉、黑豆粉、红豆粉和大豆粉中的一种或多种,所述薯类主要由淮山粉组成,所述蔬菜粉主要由胡萝卜粉、白萝卜粉、南瓜粉、菠菜粉、番茄粉、西兰花粉和苦瓜粉中的一种或多种组成。所述菌藻类主要由香菇粉、海带粉和银耳粉中的一种或多种组成,所述坚果种子类主要由南瓜子粉和莲子粉中的一种或多种组成,所述鱼虾类主要是由三文鱼粉和鳕鱼粉中的一种或多种组成,所述禽畜肉类主要由鸡肉粉、牛肉粉、猪肝粉和猪肾粉中的一种或多种组成,所述水果类主要由红枣粉、桂圆粉、苹果粉、樱桃粉、柑橘粉和雪梨粉一种或多种组成。
所述药食同源成分主要由茯苓、百合、枸杞、黄精、薄荷、鸡内金、槐米、荷叶和甘草中的一种或多种组成;优选百合、枸杞、黄精、薄荷、鸡内金、槐米、荷叶和甘草中的一种或多种。
所述天然植物化合物主要由左旋肉碱、氨基葡萄糖、低聚果糖、叶黄素、植物甾醇、番茄红素、白藜芦醇和大蒜素中的一种或多种组成;优选左旋肉碱。
所述新资源食品包含初乳碱性蛋白、γ-氨基丁酸、壳寡糖、杜仲雄花、竹叶黄酮、酪蛋白磷酸肽、燕麦β-葡聚糖、低聚甘露糖、刺梨、酵母β-葡聚糖、乳矿物盐、玛咖粉、刺梨和低聚木糖中的一种或多种;优选燕麦β-葡聚糖和/或乳矿物盐。
本发明还提供了一种制备老年患者专用型临床营养配方的方法,包括如下步骤:
1)将预定重量的蛋白质、脂肪、核苷酸、碳水化合物、膳食纤维、常量元素、微量元素、维生素、膳食精华、药食同源成分、天然植物化合物和新资源食品分别制备成粒径为150~250μm的粉末;
2)将步骤1)所制得的粉末依次加入锥形混合机或其他形式的混合机混合均匀制得配方混合物,经过杀菌处理后,备用;
3)根据常规技术手段将步骤2)中的配方混合物制备成营养粉、营养乳剂、胶囊剂、片剂、丸剂或口服液中的至少一种。
较佳的,所述步骤1)中的脂肪为粉末脂肪。进一步的,所述粉末脂肪根据以下方法制备:将壁材、乳化剂、脂肪、稳定剂与水混合搅拌均匀,然后进行均质处理,最后进行喷雾干燥制得粉末脂肪。优选所述壁材为麦芽糊精、大豆分离蛋白、全脂乳粉、膳食纤维优选抗性糊精、菊粉、乳清蛋白粉、低聚异麦芽糖、大豆纤维、阿拉伯胶和冰糖粉中的至少一种。优选所述乳化剂为单甘酯和吐温80中的至少一种。优选所述稳定剂为琼脂。
较佳的,所述步骤1)中的药食同源成分由以下方法制备:采用粉碎机对预定重量份数的原料进行粉碎,将粉碎的原料置于容器中,加入重量为原料重量的3~8倍的水,进行浸泡3~4小时,然后对浸泡液进行煎煮30~60min,过滤去除原料,留取煎煮液,对煎煮液进行喷雾干燥,以60~80目筛分制备药食同源成分粉末。
较佳的,所述步骤1)中的维生素由以下方法制备:将预定重量份数的脂溶性维生素作为芯材,选用卡拉胶、阿拉伯胶作为壁材,在高压下进行2次乳化均质处理,乳化均质时间为10~15min,然后进行喷雾瞬时干燥,以60~80目筛分制备脂溶性维生素粉末;将预定重量份数的水溶性维生素作为芯材,选用麦芽糊精、脂蛋白作为壁材,混合均匀,喷雾瞬时干燥,以60~80目筛分制备水溶性维生素粉末。
较佳的,在步骤3)中可增加适量的食品增稠剂和食品添加剂。所述食品增稠剂为瓜尔胶、黄原胶、槐豆胶、魔芋胶、果胶、卡拉胶、琼脂、明胶、阿拉伯胶中的至少一种,所述食品添加剂为阿斯巴甜、食用香精香料、红糖中的至少一种;优选卡拉胶、阿拉伯胶、瓜尔胶、阿斯巴甜和食用香精香料中的至少一种。
上述操作步骤均需在惰性气体的保护下进行,比如氮气、氩气、氦气等,以防止产生粉末爆炸的危险。
按照所述配方可制备成粉状、颗粒状、胶囊状、片剂状、饮料等类别。
本发明还公开了一种湿法工艺制备老年患者专用型临床营养配方,包括如下步骤:
步骤1)准备含有预定重量份数的蛋白质、核苷酸、脂肪、碳水化合物、膳食纤维、常量元素、微量元素、维生素、药食同源成分、天然植物化合物和新资源食品的原材料,按照原材料的物理性状,按照先后顺序依次添加,在添加的同时进行搅拌,制得原料的混合乳液;
步骤2)将步骤1)获得的混合乳液进行乳化均质、浓缩杀菌,获得浓缩液;
步骤3)将步骤2)获得的浓缩液进行喷雾干燥,过筛,制备成粉末,并将上述粉末制备成营养粉、营养乳剂、胶囊剂、片剂、丸剂或口服液中的至少一种。
本发明的优点是:
1、本发明所述营养配方专门针对老年人特别是营养不良老年患者研发制备,适用于预防以及改善老年患者的营养不良症状,本发明所述营养配方服用简单,无任何毒副作用,可长期服用。
2、本发明所述营养配方与药品联合用于治疗老年患者的多种疾病时(如癌症、糖尿病、高血压、高血脂等)具有优异的协同治疗效果,可显著降低药品的用量,减轻药品的毒副作用,改善患者的生理机能,延长患者的寿命,提高患者的生活质量。
3、本发明所述营养配方可预防并显著改善老年痴呆症状,提高老年患者的学习认知能力,减轻或修复脑组织损伤。
具体实施方式
实施例1:
一种本发明所述老年患者临床营养配方由以下组分组成:乳清蛋白粉10.9g、大豆分离蛋白5.5g、全脂奶粉10g、全蛋粉0.18g、牛初乳0.18g、牛磺酸0.12g、海洋鱼低聚肽粉0.1g;橄榄油2.36g、大豆油3.82g、椰子油2.36g、紫苏油0.54g、中链甘油三酯0.18g;麦芽糊精26.1g、冰糖6.3g、乳糖0.9g、抗性淀粉12.7g;膳食纤维中水溶性膳食纤维6.2g、不溶性膳食纤维0.9g;常量元素中钙0.39g、磷0.22g、钾0.08g、钠0.31g、镁0.15g;微量元素中铁0.011g、碘0.00014g、锌0.007g;脂溶性维生素中维生素A0.0006g、β-胡萝卜素0.000057g、维生素D30.000001g、维生素E0.009g;水溶性维生素中维生素B1 0.001g、维生素B2 0.001g、维生素B6 0.001g、维生素B120.0000005g、维生素C 0.117g、泛酸0.003g、叶酸0.000065g、烟酸0.0161g;薏米粉0.2g、燕麦粉0.2g、荞麦粉0.2g、红豆粉0.1g、胡萝卜粉0.1g、西兰花粉0.1g、银耳粉0.1g、三文鱼粉0.1g、牛肉粉0.1g、红枣粉0.1g;药食同源成分中百合0.2g、薄荷0.2g、甘草0.2g、枸杞0.3g、荷叶0.2g、黄精0.3g、槐米0.3g、鸡内金0.3g;天然植物化合物中左旋肉碱0.64g;新资源食品中燕麦β-葡聚糖0.1g、乳矿物盐0.2g。
实施例2:
一种本发明所述老年患者临床营养配方由以下组分组成:乳清蛋白粉10.9g、大豆分离蛋白5.5g、全脂奶粉10g、全蛋粉0.18g、牛初乳0.18g、牛磺酸0.12g、海洋鱼低聚肽粉0.1g;橄榄油2.36g、大豆油3.82g、椰子油2.36g、紫苏油0.54g、中链甘油三酯0.18g;麦芽糊精26.1g、冰糖6.3g、乳糖0.9g、抗性淀粉12.7g;膳食纤维中水溶性膳食纤维6.2g、不溶性膳食纤维0.9g;常量元素中钙0.39g、磷0.22g、钾0.08g、钠0.31g、镁0.15g;微量元素中铁0.011g、碘0.00014g、锌0.007g;脂溶性维生素中维生素A0.0006g、β-胡萝卜素0.000057g、维生素D30.000001g、维生素E0.009g;水溶性维生素中维生素B1 0.001g、维生素B2 0.001g、维生素B6 0.001g、维生素B12 0.0000005g、维生素C 0.117g、泛酸0.003g、叶酸0.000065g、烟酸0.0161g;薏米粉0.2g、燕麦粉0.2g、荞麦粉0.2g、红豆粉0.1g、胡萝卜粉0.1g、西兰花粉0.1g、银耳粉0.1g、三文鱼粉0.1g、牛肉粉0.1g、红枣粉0.1g;药食同源成分中百合0.1g、薄荷0.1g、甘草0.1g、枸杞0.1g、荷叶0.1g、黄精0.2g、槐米0.1g、鸡内金0.1g;天然植物化合物中左旋肉碱0.64g;新资源食品中燕麦β-葡聚糖0.1g、乳矿物盐0.1g。
实施例3:
一种本发明所述老年患者临床营养配方由以下组分组成:乳清蛋白粉10.9g、大豆分离蛋白5.5g、全脂奶粉10g、全蛋粉0.18g、牛初乳0.18g、牛磺酸0.12g、海洋鱼低聚肽粉0.1g;橄榄油2.36g、大豆油3.82g、椰子油2.36g、紫苏油0.54g、中链甘油三酯0.18g;麦芽糊精26.1g、冰糖6.3g、乳糖0.9g、抗性淀粉12.7g;膳食纤维中水溶性膳食纤维6.2g、不溶性膳食纤维0.9g;常量元素中钙0.39g、磷0.22g、钾0.08g、钠0.31g、镁0.15g;微量元素中铁0.011g、碘0.00014g、锌0.007g;脂溶性维生素中维生素A0.0006g、β-胡萝卜素0.000057g、维生素D30.000001g、维生素E0.009g;水溶性维生素中维生素B1 0.001g、维生素B2 0.001g、维生素B6 0.001g、维生素B120.0000005g、维生素C 0.117g、泛酸0.003g、叶酸0.000065g、烟酸0.0161g;薏米粉0.2g、燕麦粉0.2g、荞麦粉0.2g、红豆粉0.1g、胡萝卜粉0.1g、西兰花粉0.1g、银耳粉0.1g、三文鱼粉0.1g、牛肉粉0.1g、红枣粉0.1g;药食同源成分中百合0.01g、薄荷0.01g、甘草0.01g、枸杞0.01g、荷叶0.01g、黄精0.01g、槐米0.01g、鸡内金0.01g;天然植物化合物中左旋肉碱0.64g;新资源食品中燕麦β-葡聚糖0.1g、乳矿物盐0.1g。
实施例4:
一种本发明所述老年患者临床营养配方由以下组分组成:乳清蛋白粉10.9g、大豆分离蛋白5.5g、全脂奶粉10g、全蛋粉0.18g、牛初乳0.18g、牛磺酸0.12g、海洋鱼低聚肽粉0.1g;橄榄油2.36g、大豆油3.82g、椰子油2.36g、紫苏油0.54g、中链甘油三酯0.18g;麦芽糊精26.1g、冰糖6.3g、乳糖0.9g、抗性淀粉12.7g;膳食纤维中水溶性膳食纤维6.2g、不溶性膳食纤维0.9g;常量元素中钙0.39g、磷0.22g、钾0.08g、钠0.31g、镁0.15g;微量元素中铁0.011g、碘0.00014g、锌0.007g;脂溶性维生素中维生素A0.0006g、β-胡萝卜素0.000057g、维生素D30.000001g、维生素E0.009g;水溶性维生素中维生素B1 0.001g、维生素B2 0.001g、维生素B6 0.001g、维生素B120.0000005g、维生素C 0.117g、泛酸0.003g、叶酸0.000065g、烟酸0.0161g;薏米粉0.2g、燕麦粉0.2g、荞麦粉0.2g、红豆粉0.1g、胡萝卜粉0.1g、西兰花粉0.1g、银耳粉0.1g、三文鱼粉0.1g、牛肉粉0.1g、红枣粉0.1g;药食同源成分中百合0.01g、薄荷0.01g、甘草0.01g、枸杞0.01g、荷叶0.01g、黄精0.01g、槐米0.01g、鸡内金0.01g;天然植物化合物中左旋肉碱0.64g;新资源食品中燕麦β-葡聚糖0.1g、乳矿物盐0.01g。
实施例5:
制备实施例1-4所述老年患者临床营养配方的方法,具体步骤如下:
1)制备粉末油脂(粉末脂肪):
a)制备壁材水溶液:取麦芽糊精8克、大豆分离蛋白4克、全脂乳粉11克、膳食纤维2克(抗性糊精)、菊粉0.5克、乳清蛋白粉5克、低聚异麦芽糖0.5克、大豆纤维1克、阿拉伯胶0.2克、冰糖粉2克、水50毫升搅拌均匀(有条件边加热边搅拌至60℃,保持30分钟后冷却至室温)。
b)将单甘酯取0.1克(总固形物浓度为0.2%)均匀溶于17.38毫升油脂中(橄榄油4.4毫升、大豆油7.2毫升、椰子油4.4毫升、紫苏油1.0毫升、中链甘油三酯0.3毫升、单双甘油脂肪酸酯0.08毫升)。
c)将吐温80取0.1克(总固形物浓度为0.2%)均匀溶于壁材水溶液中。
d)将添加过乳化剂单甘酯的混合植物油脂与添加过乳化剂吐温80的壁材水溶液充分混合。
e)添加稳定剂琼脂取0.1克(总固形物浓度为0.2%)进混合溶液后,用水定容至200毫升(总固形物浓度为25%),20000r/min下高速分散2分钟。
f)均质压力为25MPa,均质3次(每次5分钟),制得均质乳状液。
g)将制得的乳状液进行喷雾干燥,进风温度为195℃,出风温度为80℃。收集粉末油脂(粉末脂肪)。
2)制备药食同源成分粉末:采用粉碎机对预定重量份数的原料进行粉碎,将粉碎的原料置于容器中,加入重量为原料重量的3~8倍的水,进行浸泡3~4小时,然后对浸泡液进行煎煮30~60min,过滤去除原料,留取煎煮液,对煎煮液进行喷雾干燥,以60~80目筛分制备药食同源成分粉末;
3)制备维生素粉末:将预定重量份数的脂溶性维生素作为芯材,选用卡拉胶、阿拉伯胶作为壁材,在高压下进行2次乳化均质处理,乳化均质时间为10~15min,然后进行喷雾瞬时干燥,以60~80目筛分制备脂溶性维生素粉末;将预定重量份数的水溶性维生素作为芯材,选用麦芽糊精、脂蛋白作为壁材,混合均匀,喷雾瞬时干燥,以60~80目筛分制备水溶性维生素粉末;
4)将预定重量的蛋白质和氨基酸、核苷酸、碳水化合物、膳食纤维、常量元素、微量元素、膳食精华、天然植物化合物以及新资源食品分别制备成粒径为150~250μm的粉末;
5)将步骤1)~步骤4)所制得的粉末依次加入锥形混合机或其他形式的混合机混合均匀制得配方混合物,经过杀菌处理后,备用;
6)根据常规技术手段将步骤5)中的配方混合物制备成营养粉、营养乳剂、胶囊剂、片剂、丸剂或口服液中的至少一种。
在步骤6)中,可选择性地增加适量的食品增稠剂和食品添加剂。所述食品增稠剂为瓜尔胶、黄原胶、槐豆胶、魔芋胶、果胶、卡拉胶、琼脂、明胶、阿拉伯胶中的至少一种,所述食品添加剂为阿斯巴甜、食用香精香料、红糖中的至少一种;更优选卡拉胶、阿拉伯胶、瓜尔胶、阿斯巴甜、食用香精香料。
上述操作步骤均需在惰性气体的保护下进行,比如氮气、氩气、氦气等,以防止产生粉末爆炸的危险。
按照所述配方可制备成粉状、颗粒状、胶囊状、片剂状、饮料等类别。
实施例6:效果实验
1、实施例1-4所述营养配方对糖尿病老龄小鼠的协同治疗效果:
建立糖尿病模型:18个月龄、体重40-45g的SPF级实验小鼠共80只,每10只分为一组,共8组,其中1组为空白对照组,用常规方法将空白对照组以外的7组小鼠诱导生成糖尿病,且血糖高于20mmol/L。用实施例1-4中制备的营养粉分别灌喂4组小鼠(喂食剂量0.5g/10g),并皮下注射胰岛素0.02ml/10g(胰岛素制剂0.5U/ml);一个对比例1组皮下注射胰岛素0.025ml/10g(胰岛素制剂0.5U/ml);另一个对比例2组皮下注射胰岛素0.05ml/10g(胰岛素制剂0.5U/ml);另一个对比例3组灌喂实施例1中制备的营养粉;空白对照组喂食同量蒸馏水;每天上午9-10点进行灌喂和注射,饲养期间自由饮水和进食。注射处理后第20天,禁食12小时,摘除眼球取血,检测血糖值,结果如表1所示:
表1
由表1中实施例1-4和对比例1可知本发明营养配方可明显提高胰岛素的疗效,从而降低了胰岛素的用量,当胰岛素和本发明营养配方联合用于治疗小鼠糖尿病时,降血糖的效果远胜于单独使用胰岛素的效果;且胰岛素的用量仅为平常用量(如对比例2所示)的一半。这不但大幅度降低了患者的治疗费用,同时也减少了药品对患者的毒副作用。由对比例3可知当单独使用本发明营养配方时,小鼠血糖值不但得到了很好的控制,并且有一个明显的下降。
2、实施例1-4所制备的营养配方用于提高肺癌小鼠的生存率:
建立肺癌模型:18个月龄,体重40-45g的老龄小鼠共60只,每10只分为一组,共6组。其中1组为空白对照组,用常规方法将空白对照组以外的5组小鼠诱导生成Lewis肺癌,肿瘤直径8-10mm。用实施例1-4中制备的营养粉分别灌喂其中4组小鼠(喂食剂量0.5g/10g),并腹腔注射吉西他滨(50mg/kg);一个对比例组腹腔注射吉西他滨(50mg/kg);空白对照组注射等量生理盐水;每天灌喂营养粉,每周两次注射,饲养期间自由饮水取食。每两周对小鼠的生理活动变化和生存周期进行记录,结果如表2所示。
表2
由表2可知,本发明所述营养配方能显著延长肺癌小鼠的生存周期,减轻化疗痛苦,提高生活质量。
3、实施例1-4所制备的营养配方用于改善老龄大鼠的生理机能:
24月龄SPF大鼠50只,体重400-450g;按血压血脂水平分布分为5组,1组为对照组,4组为实施例1-4组,每组10只大鼠;实施例1-4组每日喂食实施例1-4中所制备的营养粉(0.3g/10g);饲养期间各组大鼠自由饮水取食。每隔两周记录各组大鼠的生理机能指标,结果如表3所示:
表3
由表3可知,本发明营养配方可明显改善老龄大鼠高血压高血脂症状,并有效降低大鼠体内MDA含量,具有显著的抗氧化抗衰老作用。
5、实施例1-4所述营养配方用于改善老年痴呆大鼠认知能力:
将60只24月龄大鼠进行Y迷宫空间定向学习和训练,达标后每10只分为一组,分别为假手术(Sham)组,VaD组,VaD+实施例1营养粉喂养组,VaD+实施例2营养粉喂养组,VaD+实施例3营养粉喂养组,VaD+实施例4营养粉喂养组。用常规方法建立VaD模型,12周后,检测各组大鼠的学习认知能力,并行组织切片HE染色观察海马组织病理变化。结果显示:与Sham组相比,其余5组大鼠的学习认知能力均明显下降,VaD组下降尤为显著;组织切片显示,与Sham组相比,其余5组大鼠海马组织均有不同程度损害,但VaD组损害最为严重。由此可见本发明所述营养配方能改善老年痴呆大鼠的学习认知能力,减轻以及修复脑组织的损害。
Claims (9)
1.一种老年患者专用型临床营养配方,其特征在于,包含以下重量份数的组分:15-20份蛋白质,8-12份脂肪,50-58份碳水化合物,5-7份水溶性膳食纤维,0.8-1.5份不溶性膳食纤维,0.6-1.2g份常量元素,0.01-0.04g份微量元素,0.005-0.02g脂溶性维生素,0.008-0.2份水溶性维生素,0.05-1份膳食精华,0.1-2份药食同源成分,0.1-3份天然植物化合物和0.005-2份新资源食品。
2.如权利要求1所述的营养配方,其中所述新资源食品包含初乳碱性蛋白、γ-氨基丁酸、壳寡糖、杜仲雄花、竹叶黄酮、酪蛋白磷酸肽、燕麦β-葡聚糖、低聚甘露糖、刺梨、酵母β-葡聚糖、乳矿物盐、玛咖粉、刺梨和低聚木糖中的一种或多种。
3.如权利要求1或2所述的营养配方,其中所述天然植物化合物包含左旋肉碱、氨基葡萄糖、低聚果糖、叶黄素、植物甾醇、番茄红素、白藜芦醇和大蒜素中的一种或多种。
4.如权利要1或2所述的营养配方,其中所述药食同源成分包含茯苓、百合、枸杞、黄精、薄荷、鸡内金、槐米、荷叶和甘草中的一种或多种。
5.如权利要求1或2所述的营养配方,其中所述常量元素包含柠檬酸钙、L-乳酸钙、磷酸氢钙、葡萄糖酸钾、柠檬酸钠和葡萄糖酸镁中的一种或多种。
6.如权利要求1或2所述的营养配方,其中所述微量元素包含葡萄糖酸亚铁、碘化钾、葡萄糖酸锌、亚硒酸钠、葡萄糖酸铜、硫酸铬、葡萄糖酸锰和钼酸钠中的一种或多种。
7.如权利要求1或2所述的营养配方,其中所述膳食精华包含谷类、豆类、薯类、蔬菜类、菌藻类、坚果种子类、鱼虾类、禽畜肉类和水果类中的一种或多种。
8.如权利要求1或2所述的营养配方,其中所述菌藻类包含香菇粉、海带粉和银耳粉中的一种或多种。
9.一种制备权利要求1所述老年患者专用型临床营养配方的方法,其特征在于包括以下步骤:
1)将预定重量的蛋白质、脂肪、核苷酸、碳水化合物、膳食纤维、常量元素、微量元素、维生素、膳食精华、药食同源成分、天然植物化合物和新资源食品分别制备成粒径为150-250μm的粉末;
2)将步骤1)所制得的粉末依次加入锥形混合机或其他形式的混合机混合均匀制得配方混合物,经过杀菌处理后,备用;
3)根据常规技术手段将步骤2)中的配方混合物制备成营养粉、营养乳剂、胶囊剂、片剂、丸剂或口服液中的至少一种。
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