CN108250506A - 一种亲水性牙根管充填尖及其制备方法 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明的一种亲水性牙根管充填尖，按照质量份包含：15‑45份热塑性高分子材料、45‑70份氧化锌、10‑70份硫酸钡、2‑10份二氧化钛、0.2‑2份抗氧剂、0.5‑10份亲水性助剂、1‑10份蜂腊、2‑10份羟基磷灰石。亲水性牙根管充填材料的制备方法：(1)称量材料；(2)将热塑性高分子材料塑炼成半固体状态，再和其它材料充分混合；(3)将混合料切割成颗粒；(4)将颗粒加热软化可制作成需要的形状选择使用。本发明的有益效果：(1)本发明具有良好的溶胀性能和生物相容性，解决微隙和微渗漏现象；(2)无毒副作用，持久抗菌，便于使用、消毒和去除；(3)制备方法简单易控，生产和使用价值高。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种亲水性牙根管充填尖，属于医用口腔根管充填技术领域。
背景技术
牙根管充填尖(又称牙胶尖或者牙根管热牙胶充填材，以下统称牙胶根管充填尖)是一种以热塑性高分子为主要原材料，辅以氧化锌、硫酸钡等填料的口腔根管治疗材料。
现阶段上市的牙根管充填尖(又称牙胶尖或者牙根管热牙胶充填材)，医生在操作过程中，会不断的充填牙胶尖或者热牙胶于根管内，使之填满充实，但是都没有办法避免临床上的根管微渗漏现象，其主要原因是：1.牙胶在根管内的充填原理是一种物理方法，牙胶与牙胶之间，牙胶与根管内壁的间隙无法避免；2.牙胶在根管内热胀冷缩也决定了必然会存在间隙，由于这种间隙的存在，细菌就会在根管内环境中生长繁殖，引起根管内新的感染。
发明内容
本发明针对现有技术存在的不足，提供一种可以使牙根管材料充填在根管内遇组织液可以发生微膨胀的牙胶根管充填尖，使之充满牙根管腔，避免或克服微渗漏现象。
本发明解决上述技术问题的技术方案如下：一种亲水性牙根管充填尖，按照质量份包含：
本发明进一步设置为，所述热塑性高分子材料为杜仲胶、聚乙二醇二缩水甘油酯、聚己内酯、聚丙交酯、聚酐、聚酰胺、、聚四氟乙烯、聚砜、聚醚醚酮、聚醚醚酮纤维、聚氨酯中一种或两种以上的混合物或两种以上的共聚物。
本发明进一步设置为，所述抗氧剂为BHA、BHT、TBHQ中的一种或多种。
本发明进一步设置为，所述亲水性助剂为亲水性白炭黑、吸水性树脂、聚氨酯、膨润土、亲水聚合物、水溶性高分子中的一种或多种。
本发明进一步设置为，所述亲水聚合物为淀粉、蛋白质、纤维素类人造高分子、聚丙烯酸、聚丙烯酞胺、聚乙烯醇、聚氨酷、聚酞胺等合成高分子中的一种或多种。
本发明进一步设置为，所述水溶性高分子可以为：
(一)天然水溶性高分子；如淀粉类、纤维素、植物胶、动物胶等。
(二)化学改性天然聚合物；主要有改性淀粉和改性纤维素，如羧甲基淀粉、醋酸淀粉、羟甲基纤维素、羧甲基纤维素等。
(三)合成聚合物；有聚合类树脂和缩合类树脂两类，如聚丙烯酰胺 (PAM)、水解聚丙烯酰胺(HPAM))、聚乙烯吡咯烷酮(PVP)等。
本发明进一步设置为，还包含1-5质量份橙黄食用色素。
本发明还提供一种亲水性牙根管充填尖的制备方法，步骤如下：
(1)称量各种材料；
(2)将热塑性高分子材料放入开炼机塑炼成半固体状态，再分别放入其它材料，通过开炼机将材料充分混合，打三角包50-100次；
(3)将开炼机的出料转移至挤出机，利用挤出机切割成颗粒；
(4)选择颗粒放置在加热槽中，软化后即可制作成需要的形状供选择使用。
本发明进一步设置为，挤出机的挤出温度为60-180℃，取孔径1-3mm 的挤出口，用刀片切割成长度0.5-3mm的颗粒。
牙根管材料充填中，其主要成分热塑性高分子材料和亲水性助剂，或水溶性高分子材料，这两种物质相互作用会产生膨胀反应。
以杜仲胶为例，其为反式天然橡胶聚异戊二烯(POLYISOPRENE TRANS)，是异戊二烯(2－甲基丁二烯)的聚合物，是一种热塑性材料，同时具有橡胶和塑料的基本特性。
具有天然橡胶的基本特性的杜仲胶，当基体中引入亲水性物质如吸水性树脂、聚氨酯类、亲水性白炭黑及膨润土等等，会使该材料在根管内遇组织液可以发生微膨胀，使之充满在牙根管腔内，从而避免或克服牙根管微渗漏现象。其制造方法可以是物理机械共混和化学接枝。本发明的亲水牙胶具有吸水膨胀的功能，其原理是在牙胶基体中引入亲水基团或亲水组分制成，吸其根管内组织液后可使牙胶膨胀至充满根管。
二氧化钛为质地柔软、无嗅无味的白色物质末，遮盖力和着色力强，能保证填充物的颜色，不易变黄，且稳定性好，和高分散性。
抗氧剂能防止牙根管材料被氧化，防止老化和变色。
亲水性白炭黑具有亲水性和多孔性，无毒无味无污染，耐高温。利用它的化学惰性以及特殊的触变性能明显改善充填物的抗拉强度和耐磨性。
蜂腊含有香胶、蜂蜡和花粉等成分，加入填充物中，具有抗菌抗病毒作用。
羟基磷灰石加入填充物中，其中的钙和磷会游离出材料表面被身体组织吸收，并生长出新的组织。
综上所述，本发明具有以下有益效果：
(1)利用热塑性高分子材料并引入亲水性助剂，具有良好的溶胀性能和生物相容性，能够彻底消除传统根管材料的微隙和微渗漏现象；
(2)无毒副作用，持久抗菌，便于使用、消毒和去除；
(3)本发明的制备方法简单易控，生产和使用价值高。
具体实施方式
下面对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。
实施例1
一种亲水性牙根管充填尖，按照质量份包含：
实施例2
一种亲水性牙根管充填尖，按照质量份包含：
实施例3
一种亲水性牙根管充填尖，按照质量份包含：
实施例4
一种亲水性牙根管充填尖，按照质量份包含：
实施例5
一种亲水性牙根管充填尖，按照质量份包含：
实施例6
一种亲水性牙根管充填尖，按照质量份包含：
本发明中亲水性牙根管充填尖的制备方法如下：
(1)称量各种材料；
(2)将热塑性高分子材料放入开炼机塑炼成半固体状态，再分别放入其它材料，通过开炼机将材料充分混合，打三角包50-100次；如果使用杜仲胶，则需要先清洗，去除杂质，阴干后再放入开炼机；
(3)将开炼机的出料转移至挤出机，在60-180℃下，取孔径1-3mm的挤出口，用刀片切割成长度0.5-3mm的颗粒。
(4)选择颗粒放置在加热槽中，软化后，搓制或者模具注塑形态为圆锥体、类似于圆锥体的几何形态的牙根管充填尖，或者供加热使用的圆柱体或者任一形态的固体牙胶。放入根管内与组织液结合后可使组份内热塑性高分子材料膨胀而至充满根管。
以上仅为本发明的较佳实施例，并不用以限制本发明，凡在本发明的精神和原则之内，所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等，均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。
Claims (8)
1.一种亲水性牙根管充填尖，其特征在于，按照质量份包含：
2.根据权利要求1所述的亲水性牙根管充填尖，其特征在于，所述热塑性高分子材料为杜仲胶、聚乙二醇二缩水甘油酯、聚己内酯、聚丙交酯、聚酐、聚酰胺、聚四氟乙烯、聚砜、聚醚醚酮、聚醚醚酮纤维、聚氨酯中一种或两种以上的混合物或两种以上的共聚物。
3.根据权利要求1所述的亲水性牙根管充填尖，其特征在于，所述抗氧剂为BHA、BHT、TBHQ中的一种或多种。
4.根据权利要求1所述的亲水性牙根管充填尖，其特征在于，所述亲水性助剂为亲水性白炭黑、吸水性树脂、聚氨酯、膨润土、亲水聚合物、水溶性高分子中的一种或多种。
5.根据权利要求4所述的亲水性牙根管充填尖，其特征在于，所述亲水聚合物为淀粉、蛋白质、纤维素类人造高分子、聚丙烯酸、聚丙烯酞胺、聚乙烯醇、聚氨酷、聚酞胺中的一种或多种。
6.根据权利要求1所述的亲水性牙根管充填尖，其特征在于，还包含1-5质量份橙黄食用色素。
7.根据权利要求1-6任一所述的亲水性牙根管充填尖的制备方法，其特征在于，步骤如下：
(1)称量各种材料；
(2)将热塑性高分子材料放入开炼机塑炼成半固体状态，再分别放入其它材料，通过开炼机将材料充分混合，打三角包50-100次；
(3)将开炼机的出料转移至挤出机，利用挤出机切割成颗粒；
(4)选择颗粒放置在加热槽中，软化后即可制作成需要的形状供选择使用。
8.根据权利要求7任一所述的亲水性牙根管充填尖的制备方法，其特征在于，挤出机的挤出温度为60-180℃，取孔径1-3mm的挤出口，用刀片切割成长度0.5-3mm的颗粒。
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| CN114099351A (zh) * | 2021-12-06 | 2022-03-01 | 常州益锐医疗器材有限公司 | 生物陶瓷牙胶尖 |
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