CN108249942A - 一种原位混杂增强三硅化五钛基复合材料制备方法 - Google Patents
一种原位混杂增强三硅化五钛基复合材料制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种原位混杂增强三硅化五钛基复合材料制备方法。本发明短切碳纤维与Ti3SiC2混杂增强Ti5Si3基复合材料,由短切碳纤维、Ti与Si粉末通过真空热压烧结得到的,其中增强相Ti3SiC2通过原位反应得到,与未反应碳纤维协同增强原位反应得到的基体相Ti5Si3。本发明克服了Ti5Si3金属间化合物低的室温脆性的缺陷。本发明在于其制备的碳纤维与Ti3SiC2原位混杂增强Ti5Si3基复合材料,致密度高、气孔率小、界面相容性好、力学性能优异。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种陶瓷基复合材料,特别涉及一种原位混杂增强三硅化五钛基复合材料制备方法。
背景技术
Ti5Si3是Ti-Si系二元化合物中熔点最高的中间相,单相Ti5Si3可以通过热压或等静压Ti5Si3粉末或相应比例的Si和Ti粉末得到,制备工艺简单。与Al系金属间化合物相比,Ti5Si3具有熔点高(2130℃)、密度低(4.65g/cm3)及优异的高温性能如高的高温硬度、良好的高温稳定性、抗氧化性能。Ti5Si3的熔点与高温结构陶瓷相接近甚至更高,但其密度却远低于一些高温结构陶瓷与高温合金,与钛合金相当,具备了在高温下使用的潜力。
在本发明之前,低的室温脆性一直制约着Ti5Si3金属间化合物在实际应用领域的开发应用,所以如何设计添加可行的增韧相、大幅度提高材料的力学性能,强韧化Ti5Si3金属间化合物仍是长期研究的焦点问题。
发明内容
本发明的目的就在于克服上述缺陷,提供一种原位混杂增强三硅化五钛基复合材料制备方法。
本发明的技术方案是:
一种原位混杂增强三硅化五钛基复合材料制备方法,其主要技术特征在于短切碳纤维与Ti3SiC2混杂增强Ti5Si3基复合材料,由短切碳纤维、Ti与Si粉末通过真空热压烧结得到的,其中增强相Ti3SiC2通过原位反应得到,与未反应碳纤维协同增强原位反应得到的基体相Ti5Si3。
本发明的另一技术方案是:
一种原位混杂增强三硅化五钛基复合材料制备方法,其主要技术特征在于步骤如下:
(1)使用Csf及Ti、Si粉末作为原料,通过表面处理与超声分散方法得到均匀分散的Csf-Ti-Si烧结粉末;
(2)将准备好的粉体放入石墨模具中,放入真空度小于1.0×10-2真空热压炉中,以10-20℃/min的速度升温到1350-1450℃,保温2-3小时,最大压力为20-40MPa,然后以20-30℃/min的降温速率进行退火至室温。
所述步骤(1)中利用表面活性剂对短切碳纤维进行表面处理,再与经盐酸处理后的Ti、Si粉末进行超声分散,干燥后得到Csf-Ti-Si烧结粉末。
所述步骤(2)中真空热压炉的真空度小于1.0×10-2。
所述步骤(2)中以10-20℃/min的速度升温到1350-1450℃,保温2-3小时,最大压力为20-40MPa。
所述步骤(2)中以20-30℃/min的降温速率进行退火至室温。
本发明的优点和效果在于其制备的碳纤维与Ti3SiC2原位混杂增强Ti5Si3基复合材料,致密度高、气孔率小、界面相容性好、力学性能优异。
本发明的其它具体效果将在下面继续说明。
附图说明
图1——本发明复合材料坯体示意图。
图2——本发明复合材料相组成示意图。
具体实施方式
本发明的技术思路是:
本发明以Ti粉、Si粉和短切碳纤维为原始材料,通过既定方案配比原料,控制真空热压反应的温度和压力,利用原位生成强化相Ti3SiC2和添加的碳纤维协同增强原位生成的基体相Ti5Si3。由于复合材料的增强相与基体相都是通过原位反应得到的,所以复合材料具有良好的界面相容性,且由于碳纤维的引入,使得复合材料的力学性能得到极大提高。
下面具体说明本发明。
利用表面活性剂对碳纤维进行表面处理,使其表面带负电荷;利用盐酸处理Ti、Si粉末,使其表面带正电荷;然后将处理好的碳纤维与Ti、Si粉末进行混合,进行超声分散,最后干燥得到Csf-Ti-Si烧结粉末。将准备好的粉体放入石墨模具中,放入真空度小于等于1.0×10-2真空热压炉中,以10-20℃/min的速度升温到1350-1450℃,保温2-3小时。最大压力为20-40MPa,然后以20-30℃/min的降温速率进行退火至室温。
其步骤为:
(1)使用Csf及Ti、Si粉末作为原料,通过表面处理与超声分散方法得到均匀分散的Csf-Ti-Si烧结粉末;
(2)将准备好的粉体放入石墨模具中,放入真空度小于1.0×10-2真空热压炉中,以10-20℃/min的速度升温到1350-1450℃,保温2-3小时,最大压力为20-40MPa,然后以20-30℃/min的降温速率进行退火至室温。
所述步骤(1)中利用表面活性剂对短切碳纤维进行表面处理,再与经盐酸处理后的Ti、Si粉末进行超声分散,干燥后得到Csf-Ti-Si烧结粉末。
所述步骤(2)中真空热压炉的真空度小于1.0×10-2。
所述步骤(2)中以10-20℃/min的速度升温到1350-1450℃,保温2-3小时,最大压力为20-40MPa。
所述步骤(2)中以20-30℃/min的降温速率进行退火至室温。
得到的是一种原位混杂增强三硅化五钛基复合材料,即短切碳纤维与Ti3SiC2混杂增强Ti5Si3基复合材料,由短切碳纤维、Ti与Si粉末通过真空热压烧结得到的,其中增强相Ti3SiC2通过原位反应得到,与未反应碳纤维协同增强原位反应得到的基体相Ti5Si3。
实施例:
10%碳纤维与20%Ti3SiC2原位混杂增强70%Ti5Si3基复合材料的制备。按摩尔比碳纤维/Ti3SiC2/Ti5Si3=1∶2∶7的摩尔比称量短切碳纤维、Ti与Si原料粉末,然后利用十二烷基磺酸钠表面活性剂对碳纤维进行表面处理,盐酸溶液对Ti、Si粉末进行处理,然后将三种原料混合,并进行超声分散,干燥后得到烧结粉体。将制备的粉体放入石墨模具中,置于真空度小于等于1.0×10-2真空热压炉中,以15℃/min的速度升温到1400℃,保温2.5小时。最大压力为35MPa,然后以25℃/min的降温速率进行退火至室温。
通过上述工艺得到的复合材料坯体如图1所示。其相组成如图2所示:反应产物中除了存在Ti3SiC2与Ti5Si3两相外,还有少量的TiSi2。
Claims (6)
1.一种原位混杂增强三硅化五钛基复合材料制备方法,其特征在于短切碳纤维与Ti3SiC2混杂增强Ti5Si3基复合材料,由短切碳纤维、Ti与Si粉末通过真空热压烧结得到的,其中增强相Ti3SiC2通过原位反应得到,与未反应碳纤维协同增强原位反应得到的基体相Ti5Si3。
2.一种原位混杂增强三硅化五钛基复合材料制备方法,其特征在于步骤如下:
(1)使用Csf及Ti、Si粉末作为原料,通过表面处理与超声分散方法得到均匀分散的Csf-Ti-Si烧结粉末;
(2)将准备好的粉体放入石墨模具中,放入真空度小于1.0×10-2真空热压炉中,以10-20℃/min的速度升温到1350-1450℃,保温2-3小时,最大压力为20-40MPa,然后以20-30℃/min的降温速率进行退火至室温。
3.根据权利要求2所述的一种原位混杂增强三硅化五钛基复合材料制备方法,其特征在于所述步骤(1)中利用表面活性剂对短切碳纤维进行表面处理,再与经盐酸处理后的Ti、Si粉末进行超声分散,干燥后得到Csf-Ti-Si烧结粉末。
4.根据权利要求2所述的一种原位混杂增强三硅化五钛基复合材料制备方法,其特征在于所述步骤(2)中真空热压炉的真空度小于1.0×10-2。
5.根据权利要求2所述的一种原位混杂增强三硅化五钛基复合材料制备方法,其特征在于所述步骤(2)中以10-20℃/min的速度升温到1350-1450℃,保温2-3小时,最大压力为20-40MPa。
6.根据权利要求2所述的一种原位混杂增强三硅化五钛基复合材料制备方法,其特征在于所述步骤(2)中以20-30℃/min的降温速率进行退火至室温。
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JPH04119967A (ja) * | 1990-09-11 | 1992-04-21 | Sumitomo Electric Ind Ltd | 被覆炭素繊維強化複合材料 |
CN102070340A (zh) * | 2011-01-14 | 2011-05-25 | 哈尔滨工程大学 | 碳纳米管增强三硅化五钛基复合材料及其制备方法 |
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JPH04119967A (ja) * | 1990-09-11 | 1992-04-21 | Sumitomo Electric Ind Ltd | 被覆炭素繊維強化複合材料 |
CN102070340A (zh) * | 2011-01-14 | 2011-05-25 | 哈尔滨工程大学 | 碳纳米管增强三硅化五钛基复合材料及其制备方法 |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
Title |
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CHEN TANG: "Microstructure and mechanical behavior of the Cf/Ti3SiC2-SiC composites fabricated by compression molding and pressureless sintering", 《CERAMICS INTERNATIONAL》 * |
刘明: "原位合成Ti5Si3基复合材料及其性能研究", 《中国优秀硕士学位论文全文数据库工程科技Ⅰ辑》 * |
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