CN108249065A - It is a kind of to effectively reduce ensiling container and its application method that ensiling is rotted - Google Patents

It is a kind of to effectively reduce ensiling container and its application method that ensiling is rotted Download PDF

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Publication number
CN108249065A
CN108249065A CN201810328565.0A CN201810328565A CN108249065A CN 108249065 A CN108249065 A CN 108249065A CN 201810328565 A CN201810328565 A CN 201810328565A CN 108249065 A CN108249065 A CN 108249065A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
ensiling
vessel
raw material
sponge
seal closure
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Pending
Application number
CN201810328565.0A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
刘远
李文杨
吴贤锋
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary of Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences
Original Assignee
Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary of Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary of Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences filed Critical Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary of Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences
Priority to CN201810328565.0A priority Critical patent/CN108249065A/en
Publication of CN108249065A publication Critical patent/CN108249065A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01FPROCESSING OF HARVESTED PRODUCE; HAY OR STRAW PRESSES; DEVICES FOR STORING AGRICULTURAL OR HORTICULTURAL PRODUCE
    • A01F25/00Storing agricultural or horticultural produce; Hanging-up harvested fruit
    • A01F25/14Containers specially adapted for storing
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01FPROCESSING OF HARVESTED PRODUCE; HAY OR STRAW PRESSES; DEVICES FOR STORING AGRICULTURAL OR HORTICULTURAL PRODUCE
    • A01F25/00Storing agricultural or horticultural produce; Hanging-up harvested fruit
    • A01F25/16Arrangements in forage silos

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Apparatus Associated With Microorganisms And Enzymes (AREA)

Abstract

The present invention relates to a kind of ensiling containers that can be effectively reduced ensiling and rot, vessel including being used to receive and store material, with for closing the seal closure of the vessel, the seal closure is equipped with the flexible sponge stretched into inside vessel, it is simple in structure, due to the strong water-absorption characteristics for the sponge that stretches, the plant respiration phase can be largely locked to the moisture that vessel upper strata is evaporated in flexible sponge, so as to which the moisture for ensureing vessel upper strata raw material will not be excessively high, the formation for lactic acid bacteria dominant microflora provides advantage;Flexible sponge is in compressive state originally, with the sinking of ensiling raw material, flexible sponge stretches, fit closely flexible top surface of the sponge always with ensiling raw material, ensure soaking effect and sealing effect, traditional ensiling container is solved since ensiling raw material sinks the upper hollow to be formed, the formation for lactic acid bacteria dominant microflora provides advantageous oxygen-free environment.

Description

It is a kind of to effectively reduce ensiling container and its application method that ensiling is rotted
Technical field
Ensiling container and its application method that ensiling is rotted can be effectively reduced the present invention relates to a kind of.
Background technology
Ensiling is that under anaerobic, the lactic acid bacteria that plant adheres in itself utilizes the soluble-carbohydrate in raw material to make For fermentation substrate, organic acid is translated into, the pH value of ensilage is made to drop to 4.2 hereinafter, so as to which harmful microbe be inhibited to give birth to Long breeding, achievees the purpose that preserve green forage for a long time.In the plant-eating animals such as ox, sheep produce, have using ensiling and increase feeding The utility value of grass expands feed resource and adjusts the obvious advantage of forage grass time periods of supply, is that a kind of economical and practical analogy is green The method of greenfeed material.Successful ensilage is broadly divided into four-stage:1. the plant respiration phase generally refers to start in ensiling 3-5 days or so, the plant cell of fresh ensiling raw material is not dead immediately, still maintains animation, therefore plant cell Using in residual air in ensiling container oxygen carry out respiration, by soluble-carbohydrate be oxidized to carbon dioxide and Water, and heat is generated, plant cell starts death by suffocation after oxygen deficiency, and the effect of bacterium gradually protrudes, into microorganism The competition phase.2. microorganism competes the phase, the microorganism competition phase is that aerobic bacteria and anaerobic bacteria, other bacterium and lactic acid bacteria are at war with advantage The period of flora;After the oxygen in ensiling container is depleted, the vital movement of plant cell and aerobic bacteria all stops substantially, Anaerobic bacteria is increasingly becoming dominant microflora, they in suitable environment amount reproduction by glycolysis generate lactic acid, acetic acid, The acids such as butyric acid, make environmental pH drastically decline, and have effectively contained the growth and breeding of acid nonfast spoilage organisms;Lactic acid bacteria Dominant microflora is increasingly becoming, into the lactic acid accumulation phase.3. the lactic acid accumulation phase, in this period, lactic acid bacteria is with can in ensiling raw material Soluble carbohydrate is substrate, and rapid breeding becomes the dominant bacteria in ensilage, in suitable temperature, acidity, humidity item Growth and breeding is vigorous under part, generates a large amount of lactic acid, pH value is caused further to decline, and high-caliber lactic acid content makes harmful microorganism Activity receive inhibition, stop or even dead, when pH value reaches a certain level, the activity of lactic acid bacteria itself is also suppressed, Gradually form a stable state, i.e. relatively stable period.4. relatively stable period, due to there are a large amount of lactic acid bacteria and lactic acid, A relatively stable equilibrium state is formd, lactic acid bacteria secretion lactic acid can keep feed not become by other microbiological effects Matter, while the excessive breeding of lactic acid bacteria is again limited, in lactic acid deficiency, lactic acid is secreted in continued growth to lactic acid bacteria again, and Tiny ecosystem is such as This cycle, can make ensilage be kept for the time of last decade.Thus, it is ensured that the quality that ensiling makes, it is necessary to meet breast 3 conditions of the sour bacterium as dominant microflora:1. oxygen-free environment, 2. sugar enough in ensiling raw material, 3. ensiling raw material is suitable Water content.
However, in the actual production process, can usually find the ensiling raw material on ensiling container upper strata can occur a large amount of corruption It is rotten, it is the ensiling that raw material makes in particular with the relatively high fresh plant of water content.Its reason is analyzed, mainly in ensiling The plant respiration phase of process, amount of heat caused by the respiration of plant cell makes in ensiling container, the blueness of lower floor Moisture in storage raw material evaporates upwards, is gathered in the ensiling raw material on ensiling container upper strata, when ensiling raw material is fresher(Plant is thin Born of the same parents are more), the moisture evaporated upwards is also more, and the moisture for causing ensiling container upper strata ensiling raw material has been more than lactic acid bacteria Suitable Reproduction Conditions, particularly in the case where ensiling raw material water content itself is higher, more than lactic acid bacteria suitable for Reproduction Conditions Ensiling raw material it is more.In addition, raw material in ensiling container is through placement after a period of time, in ensiling raw material its own gravity and Internal oxygen consumption it is common under the action of, ensiling raw material can sink, and the closure part multidigit of ensiling container in ensiling appearance The top of device, in the case that sealing, not tight or seal location is fixed, and the top inside ensiling container forms hollow, extraneous sky Gas(Oxygen)Ensiling container is entered by gap or loophole.The ensiling raw material on ensiling container upper strata is in high-moisture, aerobic environment, It is unfavorable for the breeding of lactic acid bacteria and the formation of dominant microflora, corresponding aerobic mould and spoilage organisms amount reproduction, ultimately causes blueness Rotting for raw material is store, influences Silage Quality.
Invention content
In view of the deficiencies in the prior art, the technical problems to be solved by the invention, which are to provide, a kind of can effectively reduce ensiling corruption Rotten ensiling container and its application method, are not only simple in structure, and convenient and efficient.
In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problem, the technical scheme is that:A kind of ensiling that can be effectively reduced ensiling and rot Container, the seal closure including being used to receive and store the vessel of material and for closing the vessel, the sealing It covers equipped with the flexible sponge stretched into inside vessel.
Preferably, the vessel is open staving upward.
Preferably, the seal closure is internally provided with installation groove, in one end insertion installation groove of the flexible sponge It is connected.
Preferably, the flexible sponge includes spongiosum, and the spongiosum is internally provided with several for installing The installation cavity of spring, the bottom of chamber sealing of the installation cavity, the inside of the installation cavity are equipped with spring.
Preferably, the chamber top of the installation cavity is port, and the spring top is connected through port and seal closure.
Preferably, the bottom surface of the seal closure is bonded with the open top face of vessel, and seam crossing between the two is through glass Glass glue or foam glue sticking.
A kind of application method of ensiling container that can be effectively reduced ensiling and rot, carries out according to the following steps:(1)By ensiling original Material harvesting is put into vessel and is compacted after prescinding, and seal closure is protruded under the height of ensiling raw material and relaxed state after compacting Flexible sponge height and be greater than the depth of vessel;(2)Seal closure is placed on closed container ontology on vessel, The flexible sponge being located inside vessel is made to be fitted closely with ensiling raw material, flexible sponge is in compressive state;(3)By 7- The fermentation period of 30 days, Direct-fed utilizes after taking out ensiling:(4)Squeeze out the moisture for the sponge that stretches in seal closure, recycling Ensiling is made using said vesse ontology.
Preferably, in step(2)With step(3)Between, with the fermentation of ensiling raw material, under the top surface of ensiling raw material is gradual Heavy, flexible sponge stretches, and fits closely flexible top surface of the sponge always with ensiling raw material, ensures water suction and vessel Interior sealing effect.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the advantages that:This can effectively reduce the ensiling container that ensiling is rotted Structure it is simple, due to the strong water-absorption characteristics for the sponge that stretches, the moisture major part that the plant respiration phase evaporate to vessel upper strata It can lock in flexible sponge, be the shape of lactic acid bacteria dominant microflora so as to which the moisture for ensureing vessel upper strata raw material will not be excessively high Into offer advantage;Flexible sponge is originally in compressive state, and with the sinking of ensiling raw material, flexible sponge stretches, Flexible top surface of the sponge always with ensiling raw material is fitted closely, ensures soaking effect and sealing effect, solves traditional blueness For storage container since ensiling raw material sinks the upper hollow to be formed, the formation for lactic acid bacteria dominant microflora provides advantageous anaerobic ring Border.
The present invention will be further described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and detailed description.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the organigram of the embodiment of the present invention.
Specific embodiment
To make the foregoing features and advantages of the present invention clearer and more comprehensible, special embodiment below, and coordinate attached drawing, make detailed Carefully it is described as follows.
As shown in Figure 1, a kind of ensiling container that can be effectively reduced ensiling and rot, the appearance including being used to receive and store material Device ontology 1 and the seal closure 2 for closing the vessel, the seal closure are equipped with and stretch into stretching inside vessel Contracting sponge 3;A part for flexible sponge is located on seal closure combines closely with seal closure, and another part is protruded from outside seal closure, When seal closure is covered when on vessel, the flexible sponge for protruding from seal closure is located inside vessel.
In embodiments of the present invention, the vessel is open staving upward.
In embodiments of the present invention, the shape of the staving is cylinder.
In embodiments of the present invention, the shape of the seal closure is cylinder.
In embodiments of the present invention, the seal closure is internally provided with installation groove 4, one end insertion of the flexible sponge It is connected in installation groove.
In embodiments of the present invention, the flexible sponge includes spongiosum 5, and being internally provided with for the spongiosum is several A to be used to pacify spring-loaded installation cavity 6, the bottom of chamber sealing of the installation cavity, the inside of the installation cavity is equipped with spring 7。
In embodiments of the present invention, the chamber top of the installation cavity is port, and the spring top is through port and seal closure It is connected.
In embodiments of the present invention, the bottom surface of the seal closure is bonded with the open top face of vessel, between the two Seam crossing makes seal closure combine closely with vessel, reaches the effect of closing ensiling container through glass cement 8 or foam glue sticking Fruit.
A kind of application method of ensiling container that can be effectively reduced ensiling and rot, carries out according to the following steps:(1)By ensiling original Material harvesting is put into vessel and is compacted after prescinding, and seal closure is protruded under the height of ensiling raw material and relaxed state after compacting Flexible sponge height and be greater than the depth of vessel;(2)Seal closure is placed on closed container ontology on vessel, The flexible sponge being located inside vessel is made to be fitted closely with ensiling raw material, flexible sponge is in compressive state;(3)By 7- The fermentation period of 30 days, Direct-fed utilizes after taking out ensiling:(4)Squeeze out the moisture for the sponge that stretches in seal closure, recycling Ensiling is made using said vesse ontology.
In embodiments of the present invention, in step(2)With step(3)Between, with the fermentation of ensiling raw material 9, ensiling raw material Top surface gradually sink, flexible sponge stretches, and fits closely flexible top surface of the sponge always with ensiling raw material, ensures to inhale Sealing effect in water and vessel.
Specific implementation process:Select water content 75% or so maize straw and hybrid Chinese pennisetum as ensiling material, It is prescinded respectively to 2-3cm length, and is put into the hydrostatic column ontology that capacity is 160L and is compacted, material density is after compacting 0.6-0.65kg/L.It is designed using single factor experiment, the technical solution of patent of the present invention is respectively adopted(Material is maize straw Embodiment 1, the embodiment 2 that material is hybrid Chinese pennisetum)And conventional technical means(Material is the comparative example 1 of maize straw, object Expect the comparative example 2 for hybrid Chinese pennisetum)Ensiling comparison is carried out, per embodiment or comparative example sets 6 repetitions.Using the present invention specially The seal closure of profit is the circular lid that area is 0.16 ㎡, and the length that sponge gos deep into inside vessel of stretching under natural conditions is 15cm, spongiosum inner homogeneous are equipped with 8 springs;The seal closure of conventional technical means is typical circular lid(Area is 0.16 ㎡)And not using flexible sponge.It is sealed after ensiling with glass glue sticking on the same day, bucket evaluation ensiling is opened after 90 days and is gone mouldy feelings Condition.Concrete operations are:10cm or so ensilages above extracting container ontology respectively, measure its area that goes mouldy, quality of going mouldy and go mouldy The ensilings such as percentage are gone mouldy evaluation index, and it is yellow using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kit to measure 10cm ensilages above vessel Aspertoxin, vomitoxin and zearalenone content.Data analysis is divided using the one-way ANOVA of SPSS17.0 Analysis, the results are shown in Table 1.
1 different disposal ensiling of table is gone mouldy situation
Note:With column data shoulder mark, different letters represent significant difference(P< 0.05), no letter or same letter represent that difference is not shown It writes(P> 0.05).
As shown in Table 1, the ensiling of the embodiment in the scope of this patent index of going mouldy is significantly better than comparative example, can Ensiling can be effectively reduced using the art of this patent making ensiling by, which seeing, rots.
The present invention is not limited to above-mentioned preferred forms, anyone can show that other are each under the enlightenment of the present invention Kind form can effectively reduce ensiling container and its application method that ensiling is rotted.It is all to be done according to scope of the present invention patent Equivalent changes and modifications should all belong to the covering scope of the present invention.

Claims (8)

1. a kind of ensiling container that can be effectively reduced ensiling and rot, including being used to receive and store the vessel of material and using In the seal closure for closing the vessel, it is characterised in that:The seal closure, which is equipped with, stretches into stretching inside vessel Sponge.
2. the ensiling container according to claim 1 that ensiling can be effectively reduced and rotted, it is characterised in that:The vessel For open staving upward.
3. the ensiling container according to claim 1 that ensiling can be effectively reduced and rotted, it is characterised in that:The seal closure Installation groove is internally provided with, is connected in one end insertion installation groove of the flexible sponge.
4. the ensiling container according to claim 1 that ensiling can be effectively reduced and rotted, it is characterised in that:The flexible sponge Including spongiosum, the spongiosum is internally provided with several for pacifying spring-loaded installation cavity, the installation cavity Bottom of chamber sealing, it is described installation cavity inside be equipped with spring.
5. the ensiling container according to claim 4 that ensiling can be effectively reduced and rotted, it is characterised in that:The installation cavity Chamber top for port, the spring top is connected through port and seal closure.
6. the ensiling container according to claim 1 that ensiling can be effectively reduced and rotted, it is characterised in that:The seal closure Bottom surface is bonded with the open top face of vessel, and seam crossing between the two is through glass cement or foam glue sticking.
7. a kind of application method of ensiling container that can be effectively reduced ensiling and rot, which is characterized in that using such as claim 1-6 Any ensiling container that can be effectively reduced ensiling and rot, and carry out according to the following steps:(1)Ensiling raw material is gathered in, It is put into vessel and is compacted after prescinding, protrude from the flexible sea of seal closure after compacting under the height of ensiling raw material and relaxed state Continuous height and the depth for being greater than vessel;(2)Seal closure is placed on closed container ontology on vessel, makes to be located at and hold The flexible sponge of device body interior fits closely with ensiling raw material, and flexible sponge is in compressive state;(3)By the hair of 7-30 days In the ferment period, Direct-fed utilizes after taking out ensiling:(4)The moisture for the sponge that stretches in seal closure is squeezed out, recycling is above-mentioned Vessel makes ensiling.
8. the application method of ensiling container according to claim 7 that ensiling can be effectively reduced and rotted, it is characterised in that: Step(2)With step(3)Between, with the fermentation of ensiling raw material, the top surface of ensiling raw material gradually sinks, and flexible sponge is stretched Contracting fits closely flexible top surface of the sponge always with ensiling raw material, ensures the sealing effect in water suction and vessel.
CN201810328565.0A 2018-04-13 2018-04-13 It is a kind of to effectively reduce ensiling container and its application method that ensiling is rotted Pending CN108249065A (en)

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN114873095A (en) * 2022-06-06 2022-08-09 安徽农业大学 Silage bag and storage system capable of automatically and remotely monitoring humidity in corn silage
CN114919881A (en) * 2022-06-20 2022-08-19 安徽农业大学 Silage bag and storage system for automatically and remotely monitoring pH value inside corn silage

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3146631A1 (en) * 1981-11-25 1983-08-25 Westerkamp KG, 2849 Goldenstedt Grinding unit for silage
CN201091179Y (en) * 2007-10-17 2008-07-30 刘家强 Food container for brewing and curing
CN202210982U (en) * 2011-09-26 2012-05-09 福建省农业科学院畜牧兽医研究所 Novel silage barrel
CN105123155A (en) * 2015-10-22 2015-12-09 四川农业大学 Movable ensiling device
CN205378566U (en) * 2016-01-12 2016-07-13 濮阳市动物卫生监督所 Breed deposit device with silage
CN205385719U (en) * 2016-01-25 2016-07-20 四川农业大学 Novel grass silage device
CN207029942U (en) * 2017-06-08 2018-02-23 广东省农业科学院农产品公共监测中心 A kind of fruits and vegetables anti-condensation Freshness-retaining packing container
CN207045039U (en) * 2017-08-15 2018-02-27 四川农业大学 A kind of portable embossing storage box
CN207107339U (en) * 2017-08-23 2018-03-16 张国寿 A kind of buffer pressure-reducing device for sealing container

Patent Citations (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3146631A1 (en) * 1981-11-25 1983-08-25 Westerkamp KG, 2849 Goldenstedt Grinding unit for silage
CN201091179Y (en) * 2007-10-17 2008-07-30 刘家强 Food container for brewing and curing
CN202210982U (en) * 2011-09-26 2012-05-09 福建省农业科学院畜牧兽医研究所 Novel silage barrel
CN105123155A (en) * 2015-10-22 2015-12-09 四川农业大学 Movable ensiling device
CN205378566U (en) * 2016-01-12 2016-07-13 濮阳市动物卫生监督所 Breed deposit device with silage
CN205385719U (en) * 2016-01-25 2016-07-20 四川农业大学 Novel grass silage device
CN207029942U (en) * 2017-06-08 2018-02-23 广东省农业科学院农产品公共监测中心 A kind of fruits and vegetables anti-condensation Freshness-retaining packing container
CN207045039U (en) * 2017-08-15 2018-02-27 四川农业大学 A kind of portable embossing storage box
CN207107339U (en) * 2017-08-23 2018-03-16 张国寿 A kind of buffer pressure-reducing device for sealing container

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN114873095A (en) * 2022-06-06 2022-08-09 安徽农业大学 Silage bag and storage system capable of automatically and remotely monitoring humidity in corn silage
CN114873095B (en) * 2022-06-06 2023-02-03 安徽农业大学 Silage bag and storage system capable of automatically and remotely monitoring humidity in corn silage
CN114919881A (en) * 2022-06-20 2022-08-19 安徽农业大学 Silage bag and storage system for automatically and remotely monitoring pH value inside corn silage
CN114919881B (en) * 2022-06-20 2023-02-03 安徽农业大学 Silage bag and storage system for automatically and remotely monitoring pH value inside corn silage

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