CN108248361A - 混合动力汽车的发动机舱及混合动力汽车 - Google Patents

混合动力汽车的发动机舱及混合动力汽车 Download PDF

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CN108248361A
CN108248361A CN201611246518.9A CN201611246518A CN108248361A CN 108248361 A CN108248361 A CN 108248361A CN 201611246518 A CN201611246518 A CN 201611246518A CN 108248361 A CN108248361 A CN 108248361A
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compressor
hybrid vehicle
enging cabin
engine
driving motor
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CN108248361B (zh
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顾建军
张经科
刘公正
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BYD Co Ltd
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60KARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/24Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the combustion engines
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60HARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
    • B60H1/00Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
    • B60H1/00421Driving arrangements for parts of a vehicle air-conditioning
    • B60H1/00428Driving arrangements for parts of a vehicle air-conditioning electric
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60HARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
    • B60H1/00Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
    • B60H1/00421Driving arrangements for parts of a vehicle air-conditioning
    • B60H1/0045Driving arrangements for parts of a vehicle air-conditioning mechanical power take-offs from the vehicle propulsion unit
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60KARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/26Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the motors or the generators
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04BPOSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B35/00Piston pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids and characterised by the driving means to their working members, or by combination with, or adaptation to, specific driving engines or motors, not otherwise provided for
    • F04B35/002Piston pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids and characterised by the driving means to their working members, or by combination with, or adaptation to, specific driving engines or motors, not otherwise provided for driven by internal combustion engines
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04BPOSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B35/00Piston pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids and characterised by the driving means to their working members, or by combination with, or adaptation to, specific driving engines or motors, not otherwise provided for
    • F04B35/04Piston pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids and characterised by the driving means to their working members, or by combination with, or adaptation to, specific driving engines or motors, not otherwise provided for the means being electric
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02TCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/62Hybrid vehicles
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02TCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/80Technologies aiming to reduce greenhouse gasses emissions common to all road transportation technologies
    • Y02T10/88Optimized components or subsystems, e.g. lighting, actively controlled glasses

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Air-Conditioning For Vehicles (AREA)
  • Compressors, Vaccum Pumps And Other Relevant Systems (AREA)
  • Hybrid Electric Vehicles (AREA)

Abstract

本公开涉及一种混合动力汽车的发动机舱及混合动力汽车,所述发动机舱内设置有发动机(10)和压缩机(20),所述压缩机(20)为双驱动压缩机,所述双驱动压缩机通过安装支架(30)同轴向地安装在所述发动机(10)的侧下方。在发动机舱中只设置一个压缩机,将该压缩机紧凑地安装在发动机的侧下方,并且该压缩机既能通过电机驱动也能够通过皮带轮驱动,具有布置简单、占用空间小的优点。

Description

混合动力汽车的发动机舱及混合动力汽车
技术领域
本公开涉及车辆技术领域,具体地,涉及一种混合动力汽车的发动机舱及混合动力汽车。
背景技术
传统的混合动力汽车上通常设置两个压缩机,即一个电动压缩机和一个机械驱动压缩机,驾驶员可以根据车辆的动力电池的电量情况选择启动何种压缩机。两个压缩机占据空间较大,不利于其他零部件的安装,并且由于两个压缩机分别使用不同的空调系统,不利于调整二者的控制策略。
发明内容
本公开的一个目的是提供一种混合动力汽车的发动机舱,该发动机舱中发动机和压缩机布置紧凑,并且压缩机能够通过电机驱动或通过皮带轮驱动。
本公开的第二个目的是提供一种混合动力汽车,该混合动力汽车使用本公开提供的混合动力汽车的发动机舱。
为了实现上述目的,本公开提供一种混合动力汽车的发动机舱,所述发动机舱内设置有发动机和压缩机,所述压缩机为双驱动压缩机,所述双驱动压缩机通过安装支架同轴向地安装在所述发动机的侧下方。
可选地,所述安装支架的与所述发动机和压缩机接触的两个侧面分别与所述发动机和压缩机形状配合。
可选地,所述安装支架大致形成为方形支架,并且四角设置有第一安装孔,以通过紧固件将所述安装支架固定在所述压缩机上。
可选地,在所述安装支架的四角的内侧还设置有第二安装孔,以将所述安装支架固定在所述发动机上。
可选地,所述安装支架上间隔地设置有多个减重孔。
可选地,所述压缩机上设置有驱动电机,该驱动电机与所述压缩机的曲轴驱动连接,所述发动机的顶部安装有空调控制器,所述空调控制器与所述驱动电机电连接。
可选地,所述驱动电机设置有用于接收高压电的高压端口和用于控制所述驱动电机运转的低压端口。
可选地,所述空调控制器与用于检测动力电池电量的电池管理器电连接,所述空调控制器包括:接收模块,用于接收所述动力电池的电量信息;确定模块,用于根据所述电量信息确定是否启动所述驱动电机;和驱动模块,用于启动所述驱动电机。
可选地,所述曲轴上连接有用于检测所述曲轴的转速的旋转变压器,所述旋转变压器与所述空调控制器电连接。
根据本公开的第二个方面,提供一种混合动力汽车,该混合动力汽车包括根据以上所述的发动机舱。
通过上述技术方案,在发动机舱中只设置一个压缩机,将该压缩机紧凑地安装在发动机的侧下方,并且该压缩机既能通过电机驱动也能够通过皮带轮驱动,具有布置简单、占用空间小的优点。
本公开的其他特征和优点将在随后的具体实施方式部分予以详细说明。
附图说明
附图是用来提供对本公开的进一步理解,并且构成说明书的一部分,与下面的具体实施方式一起用于解释本公开,但并不构成对本公开的限制。在附图中:
图1是根据本公开的一个实施方式的混合动力汽车的发动机舱的结构示意图;
图2是根据本公开的一个实施方式的压缩机的外部结构简图;
图3是根据本公开的一个实施方式的压缩机的内部结构简图。
图4是根据图1的实施方式的发动机、安装支架以及压缩机的结构示意图;
图5是根据图4的实施方式的发动机、安装支架以及压缩机装配后的结构示意图;
图6是根据图1、图4以及图5的实施方式中发动机与压缩机连接的结构简图;
图7是根据图4的实施方式的安装支架的结构示意图。
附图标记说明
10 发动机 20 压缩机
30 安装支架 31 第一安装孔
32 第二安装孔 33 减重孔
40 驱动电机 41 高压端口
42 低压端口 50 空调控制器
60 旋转变压器 21 曲轴
22 动盘 23 静盘
24 皮带轮 25 线圈
26 离合器 27 第三安装孔
具体实施方式
以下结合附图对本公开的具体实施方式进行详细说明。应当理解的是,此处所描述的具体实施方式仅用于说明和解释本公开,并不用于限制本公开。
在本公开中,在未作相反说明的情况下,使用的方位词如“上、下”是指各部件正常使用状态下的上和下,即是车辆的上和下,“内、外”是针对相应零部件的本身轮廓而言的。
如图1所示,本公开涉及混合动力汽车的发动机舱,发动机舱内设置有发动机10和压缩机20,图6示出了本实施方式中发动机10与压缩机20的连接结构简图。在本公开中,压缩机20为双驱动压缩机,其中双驱动压缩机是指压缩机20的曲轴可以由皮带轮驱动,也可以直接由电机驱动。本公开的压缩机20以涡旋式压缩机为例,在这种压缩机中,涡旋盘包括静盘22和动盘23。压缩机在工作中,曲轴21旋转带动动盘22做偏心运动,在偏心转动下,动盘型线和静盘型线形成容积逐渐减小的月牙腔,冷媒在月牙腔中不断被压缩,最终形成的高温高压气体从排气口排出,这样涡旋盘完成对冷媒的压缩作用。
本公开的压缩机20具有机械式驱动和电驱动两种模式,如图2和图3所示,与纯机械式的普通压缩机类似地,曲轴21与离合器26连接,在机械式驱动模式下,发动机10带动皮带轮24运动,线圈25通电时与离合器26吸合,从而可以带动曲轴21旋转,进而完成冷媒压缩过程。另一方面,压缩机20上设置有驱动电机40,该驱动电机40与压缩机20的曲轴驱动连接,以能够直接驱动曲轴21旋转。具体地,例如驱动电机40的转子可以同轴安装在曲轴21上,当驱动电机40启动时,转子可以带动曲轴21旋转。发动机10的顶部安装有空调控制器50,空调控制器50与驱动电机40电连接,当系统启动电驱动模式时,空调控制器50发出指令,启动驱动电机40。空调控制器60可以根据发动机的具体形状选择性地安装到顶部合适的位置,以提高发动机舱内的空间利用率。
具体地,驱动电机40设置有用于接收高压电的高压端口41和用于控制驱动电机40运转的低压端口42。当压缩机20在电驱动模式下,空调控制器50控制高压端口41得电,低压端口20对驱动电机40进行转速输入,从而控制曲轴21运转。
进一步地,空调控制器50与用于检测动力电池电量的电池管理器电连接,空调控制器50包括:接收模块,用于接收动力电池的电量信息;确定模块,用于根据电量信息确定是否启动驱动电机40;和驱动模块,用于启动驱动电机40。当动力电池的电量充足时,在得到电池管理器的允许后,空调控制器50控制驱动电机40高压配电,即控制驱动电机40高压端口41得电。当动力电池的电量不足时,空调控制器50控制驱动电机40停止运转,压缩机20此时可以进入机械驱动模式。
进一步地,为了提高驱动模式切换过程中曲轴21转动的平稳性,减小转速不匹配给驱动电机40和离合器26等带来的冲击,在本公开中,如图3至图5所示,曲轴21上还可以连接有用于检测曲轴21的转速的旋转变压器60,旋转变压器70与空调控制器50电连接。旋转变压器60可以将曲轴21的转速信息发送至空调管理器50,空调管理器50可以根据当前曲轴21的转速控制驱动电机40或皮带轮24输入适配的转速,使压缩机20的工作模式切换顺畅,压缩机工作平稳,避免了空调系统的出风口温度波动的现象。
此外,压缩机20在两种驱动模式下,可以共用一套空调系统,包括冷凝器、膨胀阀以及蒸发器等,该压缩机20在发动机内占用空间小,同时,如图4至图6所示,将压缩机20通过安装支架30同轴地安装在发动机10的侧下方,可以与整车轮系平面对齐,具有布置简单、占用空间小以及结构稳定等优点。其中,同轴向安装是指,曲轴21的轴线与发动机10的输出轴的的轴线方向相同,这样,可以方便发动机10与皮带轮24的传动配合,进而驱动曲轴21。
进一步地,为了使发动机10和压缩机20能够紧凑地布置,如图4所示,安装支架30的与发动机10和压缩机20接触的两个侧面可以分别与发动机10和压缩机20形状配合,例如图中示出的板状安装支架,其两个侧面可以根据实际情况匹配发动机10与压缩机20的形状。
如图4和图7所示,安装支架30大致形成为方形支架,并且四角设置有第一安装孔31,以通过紧固件将安装支架30固定在压缩机20上。进一步地,在安装支架30的四角的内侧还设置有第二安装孔32,压缩机20上开设对应的第三安装孔27,以将安装支架30固定在发动机10上。在具体装配时,可以先将安装支架30通过螺栓等紧固件紧固到发动机10上,再将压缩机20固定在安装支架30上。为了在安装压缩机20时有足够的安装空间,如图4所示,安装支架30可以形成为四角朝向压缩机20凸出的形状,即第一安装孔31的端面所在的竖直平面与第二安装孔32的端面所在的竖直平面间隔开,以使扳手等工具有足够的操作空间。
进一步地,为了减轻整个结构的重量,安装支架30上可以间隔地设置有多个减重孔33。
此外,本公开还提供一种混合动力汽车,该混合动力汽车包括上述的发动机舱,该汽车的空调系统采用双驱动压缩机,并且安装在发动机的侧下方,具有布置简单、占用空间小的优点。
以上结合附图详细描述了本公开的优选实施方式,但是,本公开并不限于上述实施方式中的具体细节,在本公开的技术构思范围内,可以对本公开的技术方案进行多种简单变型,这些简单变型均属于本公开的保护范围。
另外需要说明的是,在上述具体实施方式中所描述的各个具体技术特征,在不矛盾的情况下,可以通过任何合适的方式进行组合,为了避免不必要的重复,本公开对各种可能的组合方式不再另行说明。
此外,本公开的各种不同的实施方式之间也可以进行任意组合,只要其不违背本公开的思想,其同样应当视为本公开的内容。

Claims (10)

1.一种混合动力汽车的发动机舱,所述发动机舱内设置有发动机(10)和压缩机(20),其特征在于,所述压缩机(20)为双驱动压缩机,所述双驱动压缩机通过安装支架(30)同轴向地安装在所述发动机(10)的侧下方。
2.根据权利要求1所述的混合动力汽车的发动机舱,其特征在于,所述安装支架(30)的与所述发动机(10)和压缩机(20)接触的两个侧面分别与所述发动机(10)和压缩机(20)形状配合。
3.根据权利要求1所述的混合动力汽车的发动机舱,其特征在于,所述安装支架(30)大致形成为方形支架,并且四角设置有第一安装孔(31),以通过紧固件将所述安装支架(30)固定在所述压缩机(20)上。
4.根据权利要求3所述的混合动力汽车的发动机舱,其特征在于,在所述安装支架(30)的四角的内侧还设置有第二安装孔(32),以将所述安装支架(30)固定在所述发动机(10)上。
5.根据权利要求1所述的混合动力汽车的发动机舱,其特征在于,所述安装支架(30)上间隔地设置有多个减重孔(33)。
6.根据权利要求1所述的混合动力汽车的发动机舱,其特征在于,所述压缩机(20)上设置有驱动电机(40),该驱动电机(40)与所述压缩机(20)的曲轴驱动连接,所述发动机(10)的顶部安装有空调控制器(50),所述空调控制器(50)与所述驱动电机(40)电连接。
7.根据权利要求6所述的混合动力汽车的发动机舱,其特征在于,所述驱动电机(40)设置有用于接收高压电的高压端口(41)和用于控制所述驱动电机(40)运转的低压端口(42)。
8.根据权利要求6所述的混合动力汽车的发动机舱,其特征在于,所述空调控制器(50)与用于检测动力电池电量的电池管理器电连接,所述空调控制器(50)包括:
接收模块,用于接收所述动力电池的电量信息;
确定模块,用于根据所述电量信息确定是否启动所述驱动电机(40);和
驱动模块,用于驱启动所述驱动电机(40)。
9.根据权利要求6所述的混合动力汽车的发动机舱,其特征在于,所述曲轴上连接有用于检测所述曲轴的转速的旋转变压器(60),所述旋转变压器(60)与所述空调控制器(50)电连接。
10.一种混合动力汽车,其特征在于,该混合动力汽车包括根据权利要求1-9中任一项所述的发动机舱。
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