CN108244095B - 一种猪冻精解冻稀释液及其配制方法 - Google Patents

一种猪冻精解冻稀释液及其配制方法 Download PDF

Info

Publication number
CN108244095B
CN108244095B CN201710802837.1A CN201710802837A CN108244095B CN 108244095 B CN108244095 B CN 108244095B CN 201710802837 A CN201710802837 A CN 201710802837A CN 108244095 B CN108244095 B CN 108244095B
Authority
CN
China
Prior art keywords
dilution
defrosting
gentamicin
glucose
smart
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
CN201710802837.1A
Other languages
English (en)
Other versions
CN108244095A (zh
Inventor
翁晓刚
牟彦双
张宇霆
蔡铭铭
宋健
刘忠华
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Northeast Agricultural University
Original Assignee
Northeast Agricultural University
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Northeast Agricultural University filed Critical Northeast Agricultural University
Priority to CN201710802837.1A priority Critical patent/CN108244095B/zh
Publication of CN108244095A publication Critical patent/CN108244095A/zh
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of CN108244095B publication Critical patent/CN108244095B/zh
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Classifications

    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01NPRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N1/00Preservation of bodies of humans or animals, or parts thereof
    • A01N1/02Preservation of living parts
    • A01N1/0205Chemical aspects
    • A01N1/021Preservation or perfusion media, liquids, solids or gases used in the preservation of cells, tissue, organs or bodily fluids
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01NPRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N1/00Preservation of bodies of humans or animals, or parts thereof
    • A01N1/02Preservation of living parts
    • A01N1/0205Chemical aspects
    • A01N1/021Preservation or perfusion media, liquids, solids or gases used in the preservation of cells, tissue, organs or bodily fluids
    • A01N1/0215Disinfecting agents, e.g. antimicrobials for preserving living parts
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01NPRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N1/00Preservation of bodies of humans or animals, or parts thereof
    • A01N1/02Preservation of living parts
    • A01N1/0205Chemical aspects
    • A01N1/021Preservation or perfusion media, liquids, solids or gases used in the preservation of cells, tissue, organs or bodily fluids
    • A01N1/0226Physiologically active agents, i.e. substances affecting physiological processes of cells and tissue to be preserved, e.g. anti-oxidants or nutrients
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61DVETERINARY INSTRUMENTS, IMPLEMENTS, TOOLS, OR METHODS
    • A61D19/00Instruments or methods for reproduction or fertilisation
    • A61D19/02Instruments or methods for reproduction or fertilisation for artificial insemination

Landscapes

  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Zoology (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Dentistry (AREA)
  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
  • Physiology (AREA)
  • Biophysics (AREA)
  • Reproductive Health (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)

Abstract

一种猪冻精解冻稀释液及其配制方法,本发明属于猪冻精解冻技术领域。本发明要解决的技术问题是猪冷冻精液在解冻稀释过程中极易发生精子的氧化损伤。本发明的组分:D‑葡萄糖、果糖、氯化钾、乙二胺四乙酸二钠、碳酸氢钠,柠檬酸三钠、聚乙烯醇、庆大霉素、黄芪多糖和白藜芦醇。方法:一、将D‑葡萄糖、果糖、氯化钾、乙二胺四乙酸二钠、碳酸氢钠,柠檬酸三钠、聚乙烯醇,用双蒸水配制成水溶液;二、置于26℃水浴锅中平衡至充分溶解并且pH值稳定;三、除菌滤器过滤;四、使用前30分钟加入庆大霉素、黄芪多糖和白藜芦醇。本发明有效地产生抗氧化作用,降低了冻精解冻稀释过程剧烈稳定变化对精子的氧化损伤。

Description

一种猪冻精解冻稀释液及其配制方法
技术领域
本发明属于猪冻精解冻技术领域,具体涉及一种猪冻精解冻稀释液及其配制方法。
背景技术
超低温冷冻保存技术打破了鲜精对于时间和空间的限制。猪精液超低温冷冻保存可以充分发挥优质种公猪的种群繁殖的遗传潜能,可加快家畜品种改良、建立动物种质资源库,也可给养猪业带来快速的发展,是一种高效低成本的猪精液保存途径。另一方面,作为国家战略,地方猪资源的种群恢复、选育已刻不容缓,而保存冷冻精液是一种重要手段。我国拥有丰富的地方特有品种,但是现在这些地方品种存在基因资源不断退化和保有的种群规模逐渐减小的严峻问题,而精液的超低温冷冻保存技术将极大的有利于珍贵地方品种的保护。猪精液的超低温冷冻保存技术研究始于20世纪50年代,20世纪70年代后猪精液的冷冻保存技术有了较快的发展。1971年,Crab和Einarsso成功的进行了第一例利用冷冻猪精子的人工授精。从那时起不断改进的冷冻程序被陆续报道。目前为止,发达国家已经建立起来了较为成熟的猪精液超低温冷冻保存技术体系,而且主要应用于优质种公猪上。相比之下,我国猪精液的超低温冷冻保存效果仍不理想,尚未大规模应用于商业领域,主要原因是超低温冷冻对技术水平要求较高,另外该技术还存在不稳地的情况。
公猪精液冷冻解冻稀释后受精能力下降得到了公认。有一些假设被提出来解释这个现象的原因。其中氧化损伤被认为是主要因素。氧化损伤主要是由精子活性氧(如过氧化氢,超氧化物阴离子,羟自由基)水平的升高引起,活性氧能够破坏精子的蛋白、DNA和质膜中脂质。公猪精液对活性氧敏感性的原因是因为膜脂质中不饱和脂肪酸的浓度相对较高,而精浆的天然抗氧化能力相对较低。特别是,在冷冻保存和解冻稀释过程中产生的超氧自由基将导致精子膜的脂质过氧化,膜的完整性降低和精子凋亡的增加,从而影响精子活力。
目前的猪冻精解冻稀释液主要使用的鲜精稀释液的配方,或者基于鲜精稀释液的配方进行了微调。主要由以下成分组成:营养物质,主要是为猪精子提供外源性的营养和能量,以延长精子的寿命。由于猪精子的代谢过程不能利用复杂的合成作用将复杂能量物质转变为可利用成分,所以稀释液中的营养成分一般是最简单的能源物质。
目前的猪冻精解冻稀释液主要的问题是抗氧化能力不足,由于冻精的解冻过程温度由零下196摄氏度在20秒内迅速升为25摄氏度左右,这是一个非常剧烈的温度变化,在此过程中会产生大量的活性氧,而目前使用的冻精解冻稀释液是按照鲜精稀释液的配方进行抗氧化成分的添加,因此存在不能有效抵抗精子在复苏过程中受到的氧化损伤。
发明内容
本发明要解决的技术问题是猪冷冻精液在解冻稀释过程中极易发生精子的氧化损伤,从而造成受精率的降低、窝产仔数减少,严重制约着猪冷冻精液的应用;本发明提供了一种猪冻精解冻稀释液及其配制方法。本发明可有效保护冻精解冻稀释过程中的精子,从而提高冻精解冻稀释后精子活力与受精能力,扩大优良种公猪的利用效率,减少公猪的饲养量,降低猪场生产成本,显著增加经济效益。
为解决上述技术问题,本发明的一种猪冻精解冻稀释液由以下组分组成:D-葡萄糖、果糖、氯化钾、乙二胺四乙酸二钠、碳酸氢钠,柠檬酸三钠、聚乙烯醇、庆大霉素、黄芪多糖和白藜芦醇。
1000mL解冻稀释液中各组分的配比是:D-葡萄糖15g~25g、果糖5~10g、氯化钾0.1g~1.0g、乙二胺四乙酸二钠1g~3g、碳酸氢钠1g~3g,柠檬酸三钠2g~10g、聚乙烯醇0.5g~2g、庆大霉素(30~50)万IU、黄芪多糖2g~10g、白藜芦醇0.2g~0.5g。
上述猪冻精解冻稀释液的配制方法是按下述步骤进行的:
步骤一、将D-葡萄糖、果糖、氯化钾、乙二胺四乙酸二钠、碳酸氢钠,柠檬酸三钠、聚乙烯醇,用双蒸水配制成水溶液;
步骤二、置于26℃水浴锅中平衡至充分溶解并且pH值稳定;
步骤三、用0.22μm除菌滤器进行过滤;
步骤四、使用前30分钟加入庆大霉素、黄芪多糖和白藜芦醇,得到用于冻精解冻稀释液。
本发明冻精解冻稀释液的pH值为6.8-7.0,渗透压为300-320mOsmo。
本发明的猪精液稀释液添加D-葡萄糖、果糖单糖作为精液主要能量来源;
本发明使用碳酸氢钠,柠檬酸三钠来维持维持稳定的pH值与渗透压;
精液如果被微生物污染会导致精子活力降低,存活时间缩短,另外也会对人工授精后的母畜造成疾病威胁,本发明使用庆大霉素抗菌成分,
本发明使用了黄芪多糖和白藜芦醇,协同作用下有效地产生抗氧化作用,降低了冻精解冻稀释过程剧烈稳定变化对精子的氧化损伤,解冻后精子的活率在70%左右,活力在50%以上,顶体完整性在60%左右,质膜完整性在50%左右,人工授精后不返情率达到70%以上。使用黄芪多糖、白藜芦醇作为冻精解冻稀释液的抗氧化剂,具有高效抗氧化、稳定性好等优点。
具体实施方式
具体实施方式一、本实施方式中1000mL解冻稀释液中各组分的配比是:
D-葡萄糖15g、果糖10g、氯化钾0.2g、乙二胺四乙酸二钠1g、碳酸氢钠3g,柠檬酸三钠8g、聚乙烯醇0.5g、庆大霉素50万IU、黄芪多糖4g、白藜芦醇0.4g;上述猪冻精解冻稀释液的配制方法是按下述步骤进行的:
步骤一、将D-葡萄糖、果糖、氯化钾、乙二胺四乙酸二钠、碳酸氢钠,柠檬酸三钠、聚乙烯醇,用双蒸水配制成水溶液;
步骤二、置于26℃水浴锅中平衡至充分溶解并且pH值稳定;
步骤三、用0.22μm除菌滤器进行过滤;
步骤四、使用前30分钟加入庆大霉素、黄芪多糖和白藜芦醇,得到用于冻精解冻稀释液。
经检测,本实施方式冻精解冻稀释液的pH值在7.2~7.5范围内,渗透压在240mosM~380mosM范围内。
具体实施方式二、本实施方式中1000mL解冻稀释液中各组分的配比是:
D-葡萄糖20g、果糖8g、氯化钾0.5g、乙二胺四乙酸二钠2g、碳酸氢钠2.5g,柠檬酸三钠5.6g、聚乙烯醇1g、庆大霉素40万IU、黄芪多糖4g、白藜芦醇0.46g。
本实施方式解冻稀释液的配制方法按具体实施方式一方法进行。
经检测,本实施方式冻精解冻稀释液的pH值在7.2~7.5范围内,渗透压在240mosM~380mosM范围内。
采用下述试验验证发明效果
从液氮中取出1支0.5mL冷冻精液,于38摄氏度水浴锅中摇动20s,然后迅速擦干,将其分为2份,各0.25mL,分别稀释于26摄氏度的对照组解冻稀释液(将D-葡萄糖20g、果糖8g、氯化钾0.5g、乙二胺四乙酸二钠2g、碳酸氢钠2.5g,柠檬酸三钠5.6g、聚乙烯醇1g、庆大霉素40万IU)以及26摄氏度的本发明解冻稀释液(将D-葡萄糖20g、果糖8g、氯化钾0.5g、乙二胺四乙酸二钠2g、碳酸氢钠2.5g,柠檬酸三钠5.6g、聚乙烯醇1g、庆大霉素40万IU、黄芪多糖4g和白藜芦醇0.46g)中。孵育1小时。记录孵育后精子活力,见表1。
表1
分组 活率(%) 活力(%)
对照组 65.5±6.8 45.3±5.6
发明组 67.5±7.0 45.3±4.9
分别利用基于对照组与发明组解冻稀释液解冻稀释的精子进行体外受精操作,评价受精率和胚胎发育囊胚率。结果见表2。
表2
分组 单精受精率(%) 囊胚率(%)
对照组 48.53±8.03a 20.59±4.18a
发明组 60.62±9.92b 33.25±5.23b
分别评价基于对照组与发明组解冻稀释液解冻稀释的精子的抗氧化指标,结果见表3。
表3
分组 过氧化氢 羟自由基 过氧化氢酶
对照组 8.23±1.14a 339.48±42.35a 3.21±1.10a
发明组 3.97±1.21b 255.02±33.71b 6.08±1.02b
从上述表格可知,本发明组配方的解冻稀释液进行冻精解冻后稀释时单精受精率(发明组60.62±9.92%vs对照组48.53±8.033%)和囊胚率都显著高于对照组(发明组33.25±5.23%vs对照组20.59±4.18%),但是该浓度下精子活力未受影响。抗氧化指标中,发明组精子中过氧化氢与羟自由基浓度显著低于对照组(发明组3.89±1.32vs对照组8.23±1.14;发明组255.02±33.71vs对照组339.48±42.35)。与之对应的是,发明组精子中过氧化氢酶的含量显著高于对照组(发明组6.08±1.02vs对照组3.21±1.10)。
综上所述,本实施方式的猪冻精解冻稀释液能够提高复苏后精子的抗氧化能力,并最终提高体外受精能力。
具体实施方式三、本实施方式中1000mL解冻稀释液中各组分的配比是:
D-葡萄糖25g、果糖5g、氯化钾1.0g、乙二胺四乙酸二钠3g、碳酸氢钠2g,柠檬酸三钠5g、聚乙烯醇2g、庆大霉素35万IU、黄芪多糖4g、白藜芦醇0.5g。
本实施方式解冻稀释液的配制方法按具体实施方式一方法进行。
经检测,本实施方式冻精解冻稀释液的pH值在7.2~7.5范围内,渗透压在240mosM~380mosM范围内。

Claims (5)

1.一种猪冻精解冻稀释液,其特征在于所述解冻稀释液由以下组分组成:D-葡萄糖、果糖、氯化钾、乙二胺四乙酸二钠、碳酸氢钠,柠檬酸三钠、聚乙烯醇、庆大霉素、黄芪多糖和白藜芦醇,用双蒸水配制成水溶液;
其中,1000mL解冻稀释液中各组分的配比是:
D-葡萄糖15g~25g、果糖5~10g、氯化钾0.1g~1.0g、乙二胺四乙酸二钠1g~3g、碳酸氢钠1g~3g,柠檬酸三钠2g~10g、聚乙烯醇0.5g~2g、庆大霉素(30~50)万IU、黄芪多糖2g~10g、白藜芦醇0.2g~0.5g。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种猪冻精解冻稀释液,其特征在于1000mL解冻稀释液中各组分的配比是:
D-葡萄糖15g、果糖10g、氯化钾0.2g、乙二胺四乙酸二钠1g、碳酸氢钠3g,柠檬酸三钠8g、聚乙烯醇0.5g、庆大霉素50万IU、黄芪多糖4g、白藜芦醇0.4g。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种猪冻精解冻稀释液,其特征在于1000mL解冻稀释液中各组分的配比是:
D-葡萄糖20g、果糖8g、氯化钾0.5g、乙二胺四乙酸二钠2g、碳酸氢钠2.5g,柠檬酸三钠5.6g、聚乙烯醇1g、庆大霉素40万IU、黄芪多糖4g、白藜芦醇0.46g。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种猪冻精解冻稀释液,其特征在于1000mL解冻稀释液中各组分的配比是:
D-葡萄糖25g、果糖5g、氯化钾1.0g、乙二胺四乙酸二钠3g、碳酸氢钠2g,柠檬酸三钠5g、聚乙烯醇2g、庆大霉素35万IU、黄芪多糖4g、白藜芦醇0.5g。
5.如权利要求1-4任意一项权利要求所述一种猪冻精解冻稀释液的配制方法,其特征在于猪冻精解冻稀释液的配制方法是按下述步骤进行的:
步骤一、将D-葡萄糖、果糖、氯化钾、乙二胺四乙酸二钠、碳酸氢钠、柠檬酸三钠和聚乙烯醇用双蒸水配制成水溶液;
步骤二、置于26℃水浴锅中平衡至充分溶解并且pH值稳定;
步骤三、用0.22μm除菌滤器进行过滤;
步骤四、使用前30分钟加入庆大霉素、黄芪多糖和白藜芦醇,得到用于冻精解冻稀释液。
CN201710802837.1A 2017-09-08 2017-09-08 一种猪冻精解冻稀释液及其配制方法 Active CN108244095B (zh)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201710802837.1A CN108244095B (zh) 2017-09-08 2017-09-08 一种猪冻精解冻稀释液及其配制方法

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201710802837.1A CN108244095B (zh) 2017-09-08 2017-09-08 一种猪冻精解冻稀释液及其配制方法

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN108244095A CN108244095A (zh) 2018-07-06
CN108244095B true CN108244095B (zh) 2018-11-02

Family

ID=62720813

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CN201710802837.1A Active CN108244095B (zh) 2017-09-08 2017-09-08 一种猪冻精解冻稀释液及其配制方法

Country Status (1)

Country Link
CN (1) CN108244095B (zh)

Families Citing this family (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN109258625A (zh) * 2018-10-14 2019-01-25 青海大学 一种用于提高牦牛冷冻精液冻后品质的稀释液配方
CN109258626A (zh) * 2018-10-29 2019-01-25 北京田园奥瑞生物科技有限公司 一种猪冻精解冻液及其制备方法和解冻方法
CN112772630A (zh) * 2020-12-30 2021-05-11 西南大学 一种施氏鲟精子低温保存稀释液及其制备方法
CN115141797B (zh) * 2022-07-26 2024-02-20 华中农业大学 一种猪冷冻精液解冻剂及其制备方法
CN117158414B (zh) * 2023-11-02 2024-02-02 黑龙江八一农垦大学 一种含红花多糖的猪精子冷冻保存稀释剂及其应用

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN1289661C (zh) * 2004-06-25 2006-12-13 华中农业大学 一种猪精液的保存液
CN101219074B (zh) * 2008-01-25 2010-09-29 重庆市畜牧科学院 猪颗粒型冻精的制备及解冻方法
BR102014022854A2 (pt) * 2014-09-15 2016-05-03 Eduardo Gualtieri De Andrade Perez processo de congelação/criopreservação de sêmen epididimário e/ou congelação pós-mortem
CN105325401B (zh) * 2015-11-10 2017-12-12 天津市畜牧兽医研究所 一种猪鲜精保存长效稀释粉及制备方法与应用
CN105532648B (zh) * 2016-02-16 2018-01-12 云南省畜牧兽医科学院 一种小反刍动物精液冷冻稀释液

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CN108244095A (zh) 2018-07-06

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
CN108244095B (zh) 一种猪冻精解冻稀释液及其配制方法
Gibb et al. The impact of sperm metabolism during in vitro storage: the stallion as a model
Sarıözkan et al. In vitro effects of l-carnitine and glutamine on motility, acrosomal abnormality, and plasma membrane integrity of rabbit sperm during liquid-storage
Silva et al. Recovery and cryopreservation of epididymal sperm from agouti (Dasiprocta aguti) using powdered coconut water (ACP-109c) and Tris extenders
Ansari et al. Effect of exogenous glutathione in extender on the freezability of Nili-Ravi buffalo (Bubalus bubalis) bull spermatozoa.
Tabatabaei et al. Effects of vitamin E addition to chicken semen on sperm quality during in vitro storage of semen
Yodmingkwan et al. Effects of extenders on fresh and freezing semen of boer goat
Çiftci et al. Poultry semen cryopreservation technologies
Mittal et al. Antioxidative capacity of vitamin E, vitamin C and their combination in cryopreserved Bhadavari bull semen.
Okab et al. Effects of dietary seaweed (Ulva lactuca) supplementation on the reproductive performance of buck and doe rabbits
Moghbeli et al. Effect of sperm concentration on characteristics and fertilization capacity of rooster sperm frozen in the presence of the antioxidants catalase and vitamin E
Daramola et al. Protective effects of fruit-juices on sperm viability of West African Dwarf goat bucks during cryopreservation
Fayyaz et al. Survival of buffalo bull spermatozoa: effect on structure and function due to alpha‐lipoic acid and cholesterol‐loaded cyclodextrin
CN103141471A (zh) 一种昆明狼犬精液冷冻液配方及配制方法
Hassan et al. Effect of swim-up and glass wool techniques, with adding antioxidants to Tris extender on improving post-cryopreserved some semen attributes of low semen quality for Holstein bulls
Narwade et al. Goat semen cryopreservation using egg yolk and soya based extenders containing trehalose
KR101457526B1 (ko) 돼지 정액의 보존성 개선을 위한 희석액 조성물
AL-Reda Hobi et al. Effect of Alcoholic Extract of Opuntia Ficus Indica on Semen Quality of Awassi Rams after Different Cooling Periods.
CN101622986B (zh) 一种含谷胱甘肽的猪精液冷冻保存液及其冷冻保存方法
Mohammed Development of oocytes and preimplantation embryos of mice fed diet supplemented with dunaliella salina
El-Kelawy et al. Viability and fertilizing ability of extended rabbit semen stored at 5 C
CN107094755A (zh) 一种提高精子体外保存的营养抗冻稀释剂及其制备方法
Fathi et al. Soybean lecithin–based extender improves Damascus goat sperm cryopreservation and fertilizing potential following artificial insemination
Alwaeli et al. SYNERGISTIC EFFECT OF SPERM FILTRATION TECHNIQUES AND ANTIOXIDANTS ADDED TO EXTENDER OF IRAQI BUFFALO SEMEN
CN110973120A (zh) 番鸭精液常温保存稀释液的配制方法

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PB01 Publication
PB01 Publication
SE01 Entry into force of request for substantive examination
SE01 Entry into force of request for substantive examination
GR01 Patent grant
GR01 Patent grant