CN108240857A - A kind of spherical shape directive property pressure hydrophone - Google Patents
A kind of spherical shape directive property pressure hydrophone Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN108240857A CN108240857A CN201611270775.6A CN201611270775A CN108240857A CN 108240857 A CN108240857 A CN 108240857A CN 201611270775 A CN201611270775 A CN 201611270775A CN 108240857 A CN108240857 A CN 108240857A
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- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- piezoelectric ceramics
- hemisphere
- hydrophone
- directive property
- ceramics hemisphere
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Links
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 97
- 238000004073 vulcanization Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 230000010287 polarization Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000003672 processing method Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 21
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910052573 porcelain Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 description 3
- MFYFNUKUXIRYFV-JSGCOSHPSA-N Polygonone Natural products O=CC=1C(=O)C[C@H]2C(C)(C)CCC[C@@]2(C)C=1 MFYFNUKUXIRYFV-JSGCOSHPSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003292 glue Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000007373 indentation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003822 epoxy resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005284 excitation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011810 insulating material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920000647 polyepoxide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000011218 segmentation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 description 1
- -1 submarine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012549 training Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004304 visual acuity Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01H—MEASUREMENT OF MECHANICAL VIBRATIONS OR ULTRASONIC, SONIC OR INFRASONIC WAVES
- G01H3/00—Measuring characteristics of vibrations by using a detector in a fluid
- G01H3/10—Amplitude; Power
- G01H3/12—Amplitude; Power by electric means
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01H—MEASUREMENT OF MECHANICAL VIBRATIONS OR ULTRASONIC, SONIC OR INFRASONIC WAVES
- G01H11/00—Measuring mechanical vibrations or ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves by detecting changes in electric or magnetic properties
- G01H11/06—Measuring mechanical vibrations or ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves by detecting changes in electric or magnetic properties by electric means
- G01H11/08—Measuring mechanical vibrations or ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves by detecting changes in electric or magnetic properties by electric means using piezoelectric devices
Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of spherical directive property pressure hydrophone, including:Two piezoelectric ceramics hemisphere (2), fixed structure, gasket (3), fixing screws (4), vulcanization sound transmitting rubber (5), conducting wire (6);Two piezoelectric ceramics hemisphere (2) are supported by fixed structure;Gasket (4), fixing screws (5) are configured as fixing two piezoelectric ceramics hemisphere (2) and fixed structure;Conducting wire (6) is connect with two piezoelectric ceramics hemisphere (2);Vulcanize sound transmitting rubber (5) and coat two piezoelectric ceramics hemisphere (2).The present invention can be such that the signal of hydrophone shielding specific direction is received without influencing other direction signals, and signal processing method is identical with traditional hydrophone, while can improve the spatial gain of hydrophone.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to marine acoustics equipment more particularly to a kind of spherical directive property pressure hydrophones.
Background technology
Acoustic target simulator is with underawater ordnance experiment and army's training and the armament equipment of birth, work original
Reason is target in simulation water, such as submarine, water surface warship, and the target-seeking acoustical signal of the armament equipments such as torpedo, bomb is passed through hydrophone
Electric signal is converted to, then according to the characteristic of simulated target, Doppler frequency shift, target strength etc. are added in electric signal, finally
Again by the way that pressure hydrophone will treated that telecommunications is converted to acoustical signal launches, so as to make to realize the target mould of sound characteristics
Intend function.
Now with the progress of the armament equipments self-conductance system such as torpedo, bomb, paid real hair requirement is proposed to sound target, i.e.,
Simulator emits echo-signal while the target-seeking signal for receiving the weaponrys such as torpedo, bomb.Since acoustic target is simulated
The armament equipment target strength of device simulation is often larger, for example, up to 28dB, i.e. simulator received signal ratio when maximum
The signal of oneself echo transmitting is about 25 times small.However simulator can only but receive small-signal, and for the stabilization of simulation system
Property, acoustical signal difference requires bigger between transmitting-receiving, and otherwise system will self-excitation.
One of current method is design resonant mode directional reception hydrophone or hydrophone linear array.Such hydrophone is being set
Meter frequency point can nearby realize the control of preferable directive property, but when frequency is far below design point, and directivity pattern is leaned on to non-directive
Closely;When frequency is far above design point, for directivity pattern into sharp 8-shaped, angle of release becomes very narrow.Current acoustic target simulator
Working band often reaches 2~3 octaves, and the requirement of directive property angle of release is big in Whole frequency band.If the design frequency point of hydrophone is put
In the center of frequency band, the low-frequency range in frequency band is almost non-directive, and high band directive property angle of release is very narrow, and index is not achieved
It is required that.
There are rooms for improvement for pressure hydrophone.
Invention content
Regarding the issue above, the present invention provides a kind of spherical shape directive property pressure hydrophone.Solve current acoustics
On target simulator using pressure hydrophone in working band directive property variation greatly, especially low frequency when, almost non-directive, leads
The problem of cause simulator degree of being acoustically isolated is small, easy self-excitation.
The present invention solves the problems, such as the technical solution of the use:A kind of spherical shape directive property pressure hydrophone, wherein, including:Two
A piezoelectric ceramics hemisphere, fixed structure, gasket, fixing screws, vulcanization sound transmitting rubber, conducting wire;Two piezoelectric ceramics hemisphere are by solid
Determine structural support;Gasket, fixing screws are configured as fixing two piezoelectric ceramics hemisphere and fixed structure;Conducting wire and two piezoelectricity
Ceramic hemispherical connects;Vulcanize sound transmitting rubber and coat two piezoelectric ceramics hemisphere.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the fixed structure includes connection gasket;Connection gasket is circular ring structure;Two piezoelectricity potteries
Porcelain hemisphere is formed independently of each other, and is open and is oppositely disposed in connection gasket outer surface, and supports two piezoelectricity potteries by connection gasket
Porcelain hemisphere opening.
In an embodiment of the present invention, two piezoelectric ceramics hemisphere are separated to form by a piezoelectric ceramics ball, also, two
Piezoelectric ceramics hemisphere inner surface keeps connection, and outer surface is separated by non-silver coating ceramics;The fixed structure includes two
Supporting pad is set to two vertex of piezoelectric ceramics ball, and the connecting line of two supporting pads passes through the centre of sphere of piezoelectric ceramics ball.
In an embodiment of the present invention, it further includes:Hardware, plug;Gasket, fixing screws are configured as two
Piezoelectric ceramics hemisphere and fixed structure are fixed on one end of hardware;Plug is set to the other end of hardware;It leads
Line is also connect with plug.
In an embodiment of the present invention, two piezoelectric ceramics hemisphere polarization directions are identical, structure size is identical;Two piezoelectricity
The inner surface of ceramic hemispherical is connected with each other, and a conducting wire is respectively drawn in outer surface, respectively as the anode and cathode of hydrophone.
In an embodiment of the present invention, two piezoelectric ceramics hemisphere polarization directions are identical, structure size is identical;Two piezoelectricity
The outer surface of ceramic hemispherical is connected with each other, and inner surface respectively draws a conducting wire, respectively as the anode and cathode of hydrophone.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:The type hydrophone structure is simple, directive property angle of release is big, resolving power is very high.Theoretically
The type hydrophone can shield the sound source acoustical signal at arbitrary point on its median plane, unrelated with distance between the two, so as to
Hydrophone is greatly shortened to the distance of sound source, reduces system dimension.And the type hydrophone signals processing method is simple, with tradition
Pressure hydrophone is identical.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the structure diagram of a kind of spherical directive property pressure hydrophone that the embodiment of the present invention provides;
Fig. 2 is a kind of directional transmissions schematic diagram of spherical directive property pressure hydrophone shown in FIG. 1;
Fig. 3 is using the practical directivity pattern of median plane vertical direction pressure hydrophone obtained of this method;
Fig. 4 is connection gasket structure diagram;
Fig. 5 is supporting pad structure diagram;
Fig. 6 is intended to using the composite piezoelectric ceramic spherical structure diagram of connection gasket form;
Fig. 7 is intended to using the composite piezoelectric ceramic spherical structure diagram of supporting pad form.
Specific embodiment
Hereinafter, the present invention is described further with reference to the drawings and specific embodiments.
Fig. 1 is the structure diagram of a kind of spherical directive property pressure hydrophone that the embodiment of the present invention provides.Such as Fig. 1 institutes
Show, a kind of spherical shape directive property pressure hydrophone, wherein, including:Two piezoelectric ceramics hemisphere 2, fixed structure, gasket 3, fixed spiral shell
Nail 4, vulcanization sound transmitting rubber 5, conducting wire 6;Two piezoelectric ceramics hemisphere 2 are supported by fixed structure;Gasket 4, fixing screws 5 are configured
To fix two piezoelectric ceramics hemisphere 2 and fixed structure;Conducting wire 6 is connect with two piezoelectric ceramics hemisphere 2;Vulcanize sound transmitting rubber 5
Coat two piezoelectric ceramics hemisphere 2.
In one embodiment of the invention, the fixed structure includes connection gasket 8;Connection gasket 8 is circular ring structure;Two
Piezoelectric ceramics hemisphere 2 is formed independently of each other, and is open and is oppositely disposed in 8 outer surface of connection gasket, and support two by connection gasket 8
A 2 opening of piezoelectric ceramics hemisphere.
In another embodiment of the present invention, two piezoelectric ceramics hemisphere 2 are separated to form by a piezoelectric ceramics ball, and
And two 2 inner surfaces of piezoelectric ceramics hemisphere keep connection, outer surface is separated by non-silver coating ceramics;The fixed structure
Including two supporting pads 14, two vertex of piezoelectric ceramics ball are set to, and the connecting line of two supporting pads 14 passes through piezoelectricity
The centre of sphere of Ceramic Balls.
In an embodiment of the present invention, it further includes:Hardware 1, plug 7;Gasket 4, fixing screws 5 be configured as by
Two piezoelectric ceramics hemisphere 2 and fixed structure are fixed on one end of hardware 1;Plug 7 is set to the another of hardware 1
One end;Conducting wire 6 is also connect with plug 7.
In an embodiment of the present invention, two 2 polarization directions of piezoelectric ceramics hemisphere are identical, structure size is identical;Two pressures
The inner surface of electroceramics hemisphere 2 is connected with each other, and a conducting wire is respectively drawn in outer surface, respectively as the anode and cathode of hydrophone.
In an embodiment of the present invention, two 2 polarization directions of piezoelectric ceramics hemisphere are identical, structure size is identical;Two pressures
The outer surface of electroceramics hemisphere 2 is connected with each other, and inner surface respectively draws a conducting wire, respectively as the anode and cathode of hydrophone.
Connection gasket 8 uses insulating materials, and concrete model is unlimited;Its structure is with the disc of the center line formation of thickness direction
It is symmetrical;Preferably, the trepanning of connection gasket is designed as quadrangle, while material selection epoxy resin bonded fiber.
Hardware and socket can be replaced with watertight cable, and structure type is unlimited.
Piezoelectric ceramics hemisphere and with hardware junction with entrant sound glue vulcanize, play the role of watertight, entrant sound.
Fig. 2 is a kind of directional transmissions schematic diagram of spherical directive property pressure hydrophone shown in FIG. 1.Composite piezoelectric ceramic
Ball can be made up of two hemispherical piezo ceramic elements connection gasket connection.The center line of connection gasket thickness direction is formed as one
A disc, is median plane here.Two holes are opened in connection gasket upper edge median plane, the line of centres in hole passes through connection gasket cylindrical shaft
Line.For two hemispherical piezo ceramic elements using median plane as the plane of symmetry, structure size is full symmetric.Two hemisphericals simultaneously
The piezoelectric property of piezo ceramic element is also identical, and outer surface is connected with conducting wire, and inner surface respectively draws a conducting wire, as hydrophone
Anode and cathode, can also inner surface connected with a conducting wire, be surface respectively draw a conducting wire.Composite piezoelectric ceramic ball
Two polarization characteristics, the mode that the identical ceramic hemispherical of size is directly bonded may be used, median plane is two and half at this time
The bonding plane of ball.Two holes are opened along median plane in the ceramic ball surface of bonding, the line of centres in hole passes through the centre of sphere.On every hole
Insulating support pad is installed, composite piezoelectric ceramic ball is formed with bonding Ceramic Balls.Its wiring and occupation mode and above-mentioned phase
Together.Composite piezoelectric ceramic ball can also use a whole ball, and outer surface is divided into two halves by the isolation strip of non-silver coating, per half
Draw anode and cathode of the conducting wire as hydrophone.The thickness of isolation strip is unlimited, and the center line of thickness direction is one
Circle, the face that circle is formed is median plane.Two holes are equally opened on median plane, the line of centres in hole passes through the centre of sphere.On every hole
Insulating support pad is installed, composite piezoelectric ceramic ball is formed with new ceramics ball.Sound source is placed in composite piezoelectric ceramic during work
On the median plane of ball, since the distance that sound source reaches each hemisphere is equal, thus the electric signal of sound source excitation is led at two
Size, phase all same on line.If a conducting wire is used as cathode as anode, another, it is equal to two signals and does difference, it is defeated
Go out is zero.So this hydrophone can theoretically shield the signal of the sound source on median plane.
In order to stringent control centre face posture and by composite piezoelectric piezoelectric ceramics ball be mounted on hardware on, connection
Trepanning on pad, Ceramic Balls and supporting pad is designed as polygon, prevents Ceramic Balls from being rotated around metallic rod, and in hardware
The median plane of upper label composite piezoelectric ceramic ball.Preferably, the trepanning on connection gasket, Ceramic Balls and supporting pad is designed as four
Side shape.
Sound source is placed in the median plane of composite piezoelectric ceramic ball, preferably, sound source is placed in metal knot during use
On component (rod) extended line.
Composite piezoelectric ceramic ball and with hardware junction with entrant sound glue vulcanize, play the role of watertight.
As an optimization, two slots are designed on the bar of hardware, two slots are with the median plane of composite piezoelectric ceramic ball
For the plane of symmetry, in order to which directivity hydrophone is fixed.
3-7 citings below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings are described in more detail the manufacturing process of the present invention:
1. being required according to the project indicator, the size and polarization mode of piezoelectric ceramics hemisphere 2 are determined;
2. according to 12 structure of connection gasket, then a twisted-pair feeder 6 is intercepted, two core wires of one end are respectively welded at two
The inside of piezoelectric ceramics hemisphere 2, the interstitial hole of the other end from connection gasket 12 are pierced by;Using elastic gum by two piezoelectric ceramics hemisphere
2 are bonded in the both sides of connection gasket 12 respectively, so as to form composite piezoelectric ceramic ball;
3. according to 14 structure of supporting pad and being two 2 direct bonding ways of piezoelectric ceramics hemisphere, then one is intercepted first
Twisted-pair feeder 6, two core wires of one end are respectively welded at the inside of two piezoelectric ceramics hemisphere 2, then by piezoelectric ceramics hemisphere 2
On two polygon v notch vs to just, be bonded using insulating cement as a whole ball.With electric lead by bonding Ceramic Balls
Supporting point 14 finally is installed using elastic gum in two polygon indentation, theres of Ceramic Balls, so as to form composite piezoelectric ceramic ball;
4. according to 14 structure of supporting pad and being the mode of the segmentation whole ball of outer surface electrode type piezoelectric ceramics, then only need to intercept
A piece twisted-pair feeder 6, two core wires of one end are respectively welded on two electrodes of piezoelectric ceramics outer surface of ball respectively, then in ceramics
Two polygon indentation, theres of ball install supporting pad 14 using elastic gum, so as to form composite piezoelectric ceramic ball;
5. choosing twisted-pair feeder 6 from composite piezoelectric ceramic ball, it is penetrated from polygon one end of hardware 1, separately
One end is pierced by;
6. composite piezoelectric ceramic ball cover to be mounted in polygon one end of hardware 1, when suit, ensures that composite piezoelectric is made pottery
The plane of symmetry of the median plane of porcelain ball for two flutings on hardware 1;
7. composite piezoelectric ceramic ball and hardware 1 are fixed with gasket 3, fixing screws 4, prevent from rotating each other with
It comes off;
8. the twisted-pair feeder 6 being pierced by from 1 other end of hardware is welded on socket 7, then socket 7 is fixed on metal
Structural member is pierced by one end of twisted-pair feeder 6;
9. vulcanize sound transmitting rubber 5 in composite piezoelectric ceramic outer surface of ball.
Finally illustrate, above example is merely illustrative of the technical solution of the present invention, and without being limited thereto, but upper in application
Extend to other amendments, variation.
The present invention can be such that the signal of hydrophone shielding specific direction is received without influencing other direction signals, and signal
Processing method is identical with traditional hydrophone, while can improve the spatial gain of hydrophone.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of spherical shape directive property pressure hydrophone, which is characterized in that including:Two piezoelectric ceramics hemisphere (2), fixed structure,
Gasket (3), fixing screws (4), vulcanization sound transmitting rubber (5), conducting wire (6);
Two piezoelectric ceramics hemisphere (2) are supported by fixed structure;
Gasket (4), fixing screws (5) are configured as fixing two piezoelectric ceramics hemisphere (2) and fixed structure;
Conducting wire (6) is connect with two piezoelectric ceramics hemisphere (2);
Vulcanize sound transmitting rubber (5) and coat two piezoelectric ceramics hemisphere (2).
2. spherical shape directive property pressure hydrophone described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the fixed structure includes connection gasket
(8);Connection gasket (8) is circular ring structure;
Two piezoelectric ceramics hemisphere (2) are formed independently of each other, and are open and are oppositely disposed in connection gasket (8) outer surface, and by
Connection gasket (8) supports two piezoelectric ceramics hemisphere (2) openings.
3. spherical shape directive property pressure hydrophone described in claim 1, which is characterized in that
Two piezoelectric ceramics hemisphere (2) are separated to form by a piezoelectric ceramics ball, also, two interior tables of piezoelectric ceramics hemisphere (2)
Face keeps connection, and outer surface is separated by non-silver coating ceramics;
The fixed structure includes two supporting pads (14), is set to two vertex of piezoelectric ceramics ball, and two supporting pads
(14) centre of sphere that connecting line passes through piezoelectric ceramics ball.
4. spherical shape directive property pressure hydrophone described in claim 1, which is characterized in that further include:Hardware (1) is inserted
Head (7);
Gasket (4), fixing screws (5) are configured as two piezoelectric ceramics hemisphere (2) and fixed structure being fixed on metal structure
One end of part (1);
Plug (7) is set to the other end of hardware (1);
Conducting wire (6) is also connect with plug (7).
5. spherical shape directive property pressure hydrophone described in claim 1, which is characterized in that two piezoelectric ceramics hemisphere (2) polarization
Direction is identical, structure size is identical;The inner surface of two piezoelectric ceramics hemisphere (2) is connected with each other, and outer surface is respectively drawn one and led
Line, respectively as the anode and cathode of hydrophone.
6. spherical shape directive property pressure hydrophone described in claim 1, which is characterized in that two piezoelectric ceramics hemisphere (2) polarization
Direction is identical, structure size is identical;The outer surface of two piezoelectric ceramics hemisphere (2) is connected with each other, and inner surface is respectively drawn one and led
Line, respectively as the anode and cathode of hydrophone.
Priority Applications (1)
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CN201611270775.6A CN108240857B (en) | 2016-12-27 | 2016-12-27 | Spherical directive acoustic hydrophone |
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CN201611270775.6A CN108240857B (en) | 2016-12-27 | 2016-12-27 | Spherical directive acoustic hydrophone |
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CN108240857A true CN108240857A (en) | 2018-07-03 |
CN108240857B CN108240857B (en) | 2020-05-05 |
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Cited By (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN109239696A (en) * | 2018-08-30 | 2019-01-18 | 中国船舶重工集团公司第七〇五研究所 | A kind of Bear high pressure spherical hydrophone |
CN109239695A (en) * | 2018-08-30 | 2019-01-18 | 中国船舶重工集团公司第七〇五研究所 | A kind of resistance to ultrahigh hydrostatic pressure spherical hydrophone |
CN109709562A (en) * | 2018-11-08 | 2019-05-03 | 中国船舶重工集团公司七五0试验场 | A kind of target resolution data processing method of detection sonar |
CN115460524A (en) * | 2022-09-20 | 2022-12-09 | 中国科学院声学研究所 | Spherical broadband acoustic hydrophone and manufacturing method thereof |
CN115460524B (en) * | 2022-09-20 | 2024-05-17 | 中国科学院声学研究所 | Spherical broadband sound pressure hydrophone and manufacturing method thereof |
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CN105554659A (en) * | 2015-12-15 | 2016-05-04 | 中国船舶重工集团公司第七一〇研究所 | Sound receiver with large receiving directional open angle for anti-hunting mines |
CN205376113U (en) * | 2016-01-18 | 2016-07-06 | 中船重工海声科技有限公司 | Spherical transmitting transducer of small -size |
CN105841800A (en) * | 2016-04-11 | 2016-08-10 | 中国计量大学 | High pressure resistant spherical hydrophone and manufacturing method thereof |
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Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN109239696A (en) * | 2018-08-30 | 2019-01-18 | 中国船舶重工集团公司第七〇五研究所 | A kind of Bear high pressure spherical hydrophone |
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CN109709562B (en) * | 2018-11-08 | 2023-08-29 | 中国船舶重工集团公司七五0试验场 | Target resolution data processing method of detection sonar |
CN115460524A (en) * | 2022-09-20 | 2022-12-09 | 中国科学院声学研究所 | Spherical broadband acoustic hydrophone and manufacturing method thereof |
CN115460524B (en) * | 2022-09-20 | 2024-05-17 | 中国科学院声学研究所 | Spherical broadband sound pressure hydrophone and manufacturing method thereof |
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